<p>Last week, The Capitals told you that all eyes were on <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/the-capitals-all-eyes-on-new-delhi-after-moscow-fails-to-repeat-soviet-era-triumph-of-its-lunar-mission-627344">New Delhi after Moscow's failed attempt at repeating Soviet era triumph of its lunar mission</a>. This week, with a big smile, a minimalistic grin, and a <em>Faux pas</em>, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi ended up at the center of India's lunar leap that closely mirrored New Delhi's diplomatic push to establish India as an ambitious power on the rise.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The big smile&nbsp;moment came at around 6:04 PM (Indian Standard Time) on August 23&nbsp;— a day India will now celebrate as National Space Day to honour the success of Chandrayaan-3 mission&nbsp;— when Prime Minister Modi appeared during the livestreaming of successful&nbsp;lunar landing and fluttered a small tricolour amid a joyous screen showing scientists of Indian Space Research Organisation bursting in celebrations.</p>

<p>The minimalistic grin moment came next morning in the South African capital Johannesburg at the site of annual summit of BRICS&nbsp;— Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa&nbsp;— when Modi showed President Lula da Silva of Brazil a newspaper frontpage that said 'India's Modi out of this world'.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The&nbsp;<em>Faux pas&nbsp;</em>when Modi, while triumphantly informing host South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa of Chandrayaan-3's success, ended up saying that the Vikram Lander of Chandrayaan-3 mission landed in South China, before correcting himself to add it landed on South Pole. For Indian social media users, this underlined how China was on top of Modi's mind during BRICS summit.</p>

<p>Read more in The Capitals this week:&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Johannesburg, South Africa</strong></h2>

<p>One of South Africa's capitals (mind you, the country has three national&nbsp;capitals for three different purposes; Pretoria, Cape Town and Johannesburg) hosted the showpiece summit of the nations that was seen to be riling the West. This was not for the contradictions it presented due to presence of both India and China but for its geo-economic weight that&nbsp;elevated even more by the time the leaders of Brazil, Russia, India and China stood together for a family photo on August 24.<img alt="BRICS family photo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="16284f2d-3690-403c-9a22-1f4cad71a636" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/The%20Capitals%20When%20New%20Delhi%27s%20Chandrayaan%20triumph%20took%20over%20BRICS%20leaders%20in%20Johannesburg%20%282%29.jpg" /></p>

<p><em>Brazil's President&nbsp;Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, China's leader Xi Jinping, South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov | Commons</em></p>

<p>Starting January 2024, Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates will all be able to add BRICS membership to their resumes.</p>

<p>The bloc also called for comprehensive reform of the United Nations, including its Security Council&nbsp;— a longstanding demand of New Delhi and Brasilia — "with a view to making it more democratic, representative, effective and efficient, and to increase the representation of developing countries".</p>

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Last week, The Capitals told you that all eyes were on New Delhi after Moscow's failed attempt at repeating Soviet era triumph of its lunar mission. This week, with a big smile, a minimalistic grin, and a Faux pas, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi ended up at the center of India's lunar leap that closely mirrored New Delhi's diplomatic push to establish India as an ambitious power on the rise.

Last week, The Capitals told you that all eyes were on New Delhi after Moscow's failed attempt at repeating Soviet era triumph of its lunar mission. This week, with a big smile, a minimalistic grin, and a Faux pas, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi ended up at the center of India's lunar leap that closely mirrored New Delhi's diplomatic push to establish India as an ambitious power on the rise. The big smile moment came at around 6:04 PM (Indian Standard Time) on August 23 — a day India will now celebrate as National Space Day to honour the success of Chandrayaan-3 mission — when Prime Minister Modi appeared during the livestreaming of successful lunar landing and fluttered a small tricolour amid a joyous screen showing scientists of Indian Space Research Organisation bursting in celebrations. The minimalistic grin moment came next morning in the South African capital Johannesburg at the site of annual summit of BRICS — Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa — when Modi showed President Lula da Silva of Brazil a newspaper frontpage that said 'India's Modi out of this world'. The Faux pas when Modi, while triumphantly informing host South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa of Chandrayaan-3's success, ended up saying that the Vikram Lander of Chandrayaan-3 mission landed in South China, before correcting himself to add it landed on South Pole. For Indian social media users, this underlined how China was on top of Modi's mind during BRICS summit. Read more in The Capitals this week: Johannesburg, South Africa One of South Africa's capitals (mind you, the country has three national capitals for three different purposes; Pretoria, Cape Town and Johannesburg) hosted the showpiece summit of the nations that was seen to be riling the West. This was not for the contradictions it presented due to presence of both India and China but for its geo-economic weight that elevated even more by the time the leaders of Brazil, Russia, India and China stood together for a family photo on August 24. Brazil's President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, China's leader Xi Jinping, South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov | Commons Starting January 2024, Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates will all be able to add BRICS membership to their resumes. The bloc also called for comprehensive reform of the United Nations, including its Security Council — a longstanding demand of New Delhi and Brasilia — "with a view to making it more democratic, representative, effective and efficient, and to increase the representation of developing countries". WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

The Capitals: When New Delhi's Chandrayaan triumph took over BRICS leaders in Johannesburg

<p>China has decreased the stamp duty on stock trading by more than half, which will come in effect starting Monday. The latest step is being seen as a step to boost China's struggling economy which the Wall Street Journal recently reported is way past its days of boom.</p>

<p>The Chinese&nbsp;finance ministry said in a brief statement on Sunday it was reducing the 0.1 per cent&nbsp;duty on stock trades "in order to invigorate the capital market and boost investor confidence".</p>

<p>Earlier, it was reported that the&nbsp;authorities were planning to cut the duty by up to half after a key share index fell to nine-month lows.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/more-economic-trouble-for-china-household-debt-rate-inches-closer-to-the-imf-warning-line-621963">More economic trouble for China?: Household debt rate inches closer to the IMF warning line</a></strong></p>

<p>"Such a policy will likely give a short-term boost to the market but won't have much effect over the long run," Xie Chen, a fund manager at Shanghai Jianwen Investment Management Co, said before the announcement. "The rebound could last for just two to three days, or even shorter."</p>

<h2><strong>China takes up other measures to boost economy</strong></h2>

<p>Other than the finance ministry, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is also rolling out measures to revive&nbsp;market confidence in investing in listed companies.</p>

<p>The CSRC said on Sunday that China will slow the pace of initial public offerings (IPOs) and further regulate major shareholders' share reductions.</p>

<p>Meanwhile, stock exchanges in China have lowered their margin financing requirements, according to the CSRC's announcement.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Exposed: How China is using LinkedIn for espionage</strong></p>

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<p>Chinese stock market, which is the second largest in world, is currently reeling due to red flags seen in country's post-pandemic recovery and a massive debt crisis in the property market.</p>

<p>Beijing has taken a series of measures to revive its days of boom. But investors are demanding a stronger policy response including massive government spending.</p>

<p>On Sunday, official data showed profits at China's industrial firms extended this year's slump to a seventh month, with weak demand squeezing companies.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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China has decreased the stamp duty on stock trading by more than half, which will come in effect starting Monday. The latest step is being seen as a step to boost China's struggling economy which the Wall Street Journal recently reported is way past its days of boom.

China has decreased the stamp duty on stock trading by more than half, which will come in effect starting Monday. The latest step is being seen as a step to boost China's struggling economy which the Wall Street Journal recently reported is way past its days of boom. The Chinese finance ministry said in a brief statement on Sunday it was reducing the 0.1 per cent duty on stock trades "in order to invigorate the capital market and boost investor confidence". Earlier, it was reported that the authorities were planning to cut the duty by up to half after a key share index fell to nine-month lows. Also read | More economic trouble for China?: Household debt rate inches closer to the IMF warning line "Such a policy will likely give a short-term boost to the market but won't have much effect over the long run," Xie Chen, a fund manager at Shanghai Jianwen Investment Management Co, said before the announcement. "The rebound could last for just two to three days, or even shorter." China takes up other measures to boost economy Other than the finance ministry, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is also rolling out measures to revive market confidence in investing in listed companies. The CSRC said on Sunday that China will slow the pace of initial public offerings (IPOs) and further regulate major shareholders' share reductions. Meanwhile, stock exchanges in China have lowered their margin financing requirements, according to the CSRC's announcement. Also watch | Gravitas: Exposed: How China is using LinkedIn for espionage × Chinese stock market, which is the second largest in world, is currently reeling due to red flags seen in country's post-pandemic recovery and a massive debt crisis in the property market. Beijing has taken a series of measures to revive its days of boom. But investors are demanding a stronger policy response including massive government spending. On Sunday, official data showed profits at China's industrial firms extended this year's slump to a seventh month, with weak demand squeezing companies. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

China forced to slash stamp duty on stock trading after loss of days of economic boom

<p>Yevgeny Prigozhin, the chief of Russia's Wagner mercenary group who challenged the legitimacy of Russia's defence establishment through a short-lived mutiny in June, has been confirmed dead by Russian officials.</p>

<p>The Russian authorities gave out the confirmation on Saturday, August 27, over three&nbsp;days after a private plane crashed in the north of Moscow that had Prigozhin as one of the passengers.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Russia's Investigative Committee (SK) said the identities of all 10 victims have been established by genetic analysis and matched with those on the flight's passengers' list.</p>

<p>The SK said it was continuing a criminal investigation.</p>

<p>"Molecular-genetic testing has been completed," it said in an official statement.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/wagner-rebellion-when-putins-former-chef-served-a-dish-of-treason-ten-points-608452">Wagner rebellion: When Putin’s former favourite chef served a dish of ‘treason’ | 10 points</a></strong></p>

<p>"According to its results, the identities of all 10 deceased have been established, and they correspond to the list published in the flight manifest."</p>

<p>Russia's aviation agency on August 24 had said that Yevgeny Prigozhin, head of the Wagner paramilitary group, was on board the crashed plane.</p>

<h2><strong>August 24 plane crash: What happened?</strong></h2>

<p>Russian aviation officials on August 24 confirmed the aircraft, an Embraer Legacy, which was flying between Moscow and St Petersburg crashed in the Tver region, north of Moscow.&nbsp;</p>

<p>But Wagner-linked Telegram channel Grey Zone claimed that the jet had been shot down by the Russian military.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Wagner chief dead in plane crash: Who all are the casualties?</strong></h2>

<p>The victims included several senior figures in Wagner group, including Dmitry Utkin, who managed Wagner's military operations.</p>

<p>The crash came two months after Prigozhin led a Wagner mutiny against the Russian armed forces, seizing the southern city of Rostov and closing on to Moscow in a stunning leap of challenge to Russian President Vladimir Putin's authority.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-with-prigozhin-dead-wagner-groups-bloodied-past-tumultuous-present-uncertain-future-629170">Explained | With Prigozhin dead, Wagner group's bloodied past, tumultuous present &amp; uncertain future</a></strong></p>

<p>The standoff was defused after a deal was reached which led to Prigozhin and Wagner fighters relocating to Belarus after a reported mediation by Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko.</p>

<p>President Vladimir Putin described the June mutiny as a "stab in the back" and there has been speculation that Russian security forces were somehow involved in the crash.</p>

<p>The insinuations related to the alleged involvement of Russian state into plane crash were denounced by Russia as "absolute lie".</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

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Yevgeny Prigozhin, the chief of Russia's Wagner mercenary group who challenged the legitimacy of Russia's defence establishment through a short-lived mutiny in June, has been confirmed dead by Russian officials.

Yevgeny Prigozhin, the chief of Russia's Wagner mercenary group who challenged the legitimacy of Russia's defence establishment through a short-lived mutiny in June, has been confirmed dead by Russian officials. The Russian authorities gave out the confirmation on Saturday, August 27, over three days after a private plane crashed in the north of Moscow that had Prigozhin as one of the passengers. Russia's Investigative Committee (SK) said the identities of all 10 victims have been established by genetic analysis and matched with those on the flight's passengers' list. The SK said it was continuing a criminal investigation. "Molecular-genetic testing has been completed," it said in an official statement. Also read | Wagner rebellion: When Putin’s former favourite chef served a dish of ‘treason’ | 10 points "According to its results, the identities of all 10 deceased have been established, and they correspond to the list published in the flight manifest." Russia's aviation agency on August 24 had said that Yevgeny Prigozhin, head of the Wagner paramilitary group, was on board the crashed plane. August 24 plane crash: What happened? Russian aviation officials on August 24 confirmed the aircraft, an Embraer Legacy, which was flying between Moscow and St Petersburg crashed in the Tver region, north of Moscow. But Wagner-linked Telegram channel Grey Zone claimed that the jet had been shot down by the Russian military. Wagner chief dead in plane crash: Who all are the casualties? The victims included several senior figures in Wagner group, including Dmitry Utkin, who managed Wagner's military operations. The crash came two months after Prigozhin led a Wagner mutiny against the Russian armed forces, seizing the southern city of Rostov and closing on to Moscow in a stunning leap of challenge to Russian President Vladimir Putin's authority. Also read | Explained | With Prigozhin dead, Wagner group's bloodied past, tumultuous present & uncertain future The standoff was defused after a deal was reached which led to Prigozhin and Wagner fighters relocating to Belarus after a reported mediation by Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko. President Vladimir Putin described the June mutiny as a "stab in the back" and there has been speculation that Russian security forces were somehow involved in the crash. The insinuations related to the alleged involvement of Russian state into plane crash were denounced by Russia as "absolute lie". WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Wagner chief Yevgeny Prigozhin confirmed dead after genetic analysis of plane crash victims: Russian officials

Amla is rich in antioxidants and prevents dandruff and premature greying. One must have amla early in the morning.

Being overweight can cause obvious strain to your back. So, eat healthy to keep yourself healthy and avoid much misbalance in your Body Mass Index. 


Research suggests that smoking can aggravate the existing back pain. So quit smoking to get back a healthy back. 

Precise moves and specific breathing techniques that form a pilates fitness regime can keep you away from back pain.

Hirsh Vardhan Singh hails from Atlantic City, and his parents immigrated from India.

The shoes you wear impact the health of your back. Try to find shoes with arch support and cushioning of the foot. This is known to prevent ailments in the lower back.


Back pain can take life out of you if not treated in time. Here's how to prevent back pain

6 Ways to Prevent Back Pain 

<p>NASA is developing a supersonic aircraft that will outpace the speed of sound and achieve nearly double the speed of Concorde&nbsp;— a supersonic airliner that can fly faster than the speed of sound.</p>

<p>Such supersonic aircraft would reportedly enable flights between New York and London in less than one and a half hours.</p>

<p>Currently, flights to New York take around eight to nine hours, but NASA's breakthrough promises significantly swifter travel times.</p>

<h2><strong>London to New York in less than 90 minutes: What does it mean?</strong></h2>

<p>The potential journey times could be up to four times quicker than the current duration for flights between New York City and London.</p>

<p>In theory, this supersonic aircraft could attain speeds ranging from 1,535 to 3,045 miles per hour at sea level, a substantial leap from the approximately 600 mph speed of conventional commercial aeroplanes.</p>

<h2><strong>Does NASA have any commercial partners in the programme?</strong></h2>

<p>Yes.</p>

<p>Major aviation companies like Boeing, Rolls-Royce, and GE Aerospace are partnering with NASA to design concept vehicles that are not restricted by proprietary constraints.</p>

<p>The new aircraft models are anticipated to achieve speeds between Mach 2 and Mach 4, surpassing contemporary planes that operate at around 80 per cent of the speed of sound.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/rise-of-ultrafast-air-travel-nasas-supersonic-x-59-and-suborbital-rockets-lead-the-way-619405">Ultrafast air travel soon? NASA's supersonic X-59 and suborbital rockets lead the way</a></strong></p>

<p>The Concorde, known for its top cruising speed of 1,354 mph or Mach 2.04, once completed its fastest transatlantic journey in 2 hours, 52 minutes, and 59 seconds on February 7, 1996, flying from New York to London.</p>

<h2><strong>Is there a demand for such high-speed flights?</strong></h2>

<p>NASA's research indicates a demand for high-speed flights, yet supersonic flight bans over land in the US and other countries would confine these aircraft to overwater routes, including popular North Atlantic and Pacific paths.</p>

<p>NASA's Quesst mission seeks to overcome this obstacle with its X-59 quiet supersonic aircraft, aiming to establish supersonic travel over land.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Nasa set to test its first supersonic commercial flight</strong></p>

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<p>The latest studies aim to update technological roadmaps and recognise additional research requirements for a broader range of high speeds.</p>

<p>NASA's Advanced Air Vehicles Program (AAVP) is advancing to the next phase of high-speed travel exploration, recently awarding two 12-month contracts to firms for design and roadmap development.</p>

<p>These roadmaps will delve into air travel possibilities, delineate risks and challenges, and pinpoint necessary technologies to realize travel at Mach 2 and beyond.</p>

<p><strong>WATCH WION LIVE HERE</strong></p>

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NASA is developing a supersonic aircraft that will outpace the speed of sound and achieve nearly double the speed of Concorde — a supersonic airliner that can fly faster than the speed of sound.

NASA is developing a supersonic aircraft that will outpace the speed of sound and achieve nearly double the speed of Concorde — a supersonic airliner that can fly faster than the speed of sound. Such supersonic aircraft would reportedly enable flights between New York and London in less than one and a half hours. Currently, flights to New York take around eight to nine hours, but NASA's breakthrough promises significantly swifter travel times. London to New York in less than 90 minutes: What does it mean? The potential journey times could be up to four times quicker than the current duration for flights between New York City and London. In theory, this supersonic aircraft could attain speeds ranging from 1,535 to 3,045 miles per hour at sea level, a substantial leap from the approximately 600 mph speed of conventional commercial aeroplanes. Does NASA have any commercial partners in the programme? Yes. Major aviation companies like Boeing, Rolls-Royce, and GE Aerospace are partnering with NASA to design concept vehicles that are not restricted by proprietary constraints. The new aircraft models are anticipated to achieve speeds between Mach 2 and Mach 4, surpassing contemporary planes that operate at around 80 per cent of the speed of sound. Also read | Ultrafast air travel soon? NASA's supersonic X-59 and suborbital rockets lead the way The Concorde, known for its top cruising speed of 1,354 mph or Mach 2.04, once completed its fastest transatlantic journey in 2 hours, 52 minutes, and 59 seconds on February 7, 1996, flying from New York to London. Is there a demand for such high-speed flights? NASA's research indicates a demand for high-speed flights, yet supersonic flight bans over land in the US and other countries would confine these aircraft to overwater routes, including popular North Atlantic and Pacific paths. NASA's Quesst mission seeks to overcome this obstacle with its X-59 quiet supersonic aircraft, aiming to establish supersonic travel over land. Also watch | Gravitas: Nasa set to test its first supersonic commercial flight × The latest studies aim to update technological roadmaps and recognise additional research requirements for a broader range of high speeds. NASA's Advanced Air Vehicles Program (AAVP) is advancing to the next phase of high-speed travel exploration, recently awarding two 12-month contracts to firms for design and roadmap development. These roadmaps will delve into air travel possibilities, delineate risks and challenges, and pinpoint necessary technologies to realize travel at Mach 2 and beyond. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Soon, you may travel from London to New York in less than 90 minutes

<p>President Emmanuel Macron's government in France has earmarked 200 million euros (approximately $216 million) to support the disposal of excess wine within the country.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The whopping financial allocation aims to assist struggling producers facing reduced demand.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Why there is an excess of wine in France?</strong></h2>

<p>This is because the cost of producing the wine has outstripped its current selling price, leading wineries to experience losses for each bottle sold.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This challenge has been particularly pronounced in the Bordeaux region due to a combination of rising living costs, reduced demand post-Covid, and a hot European summer.</p>

<p>In response to this issue, the French government is facilitating the destruction of surplus wine, with the option to repurpose the alcohol for products like perfume or cleaning items.&nbsp;</p>

<p>French Agriculture Minister Marc Fesneau said that the initiative seeks to prevent price collapses and rejuvenate revenue streams for winemakers.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/france-police-destroy-35000-champagne-bottles-over-naming-violations-596640">France police destroy 35,000 ‘champagne’ bottles over naming violations</a></strong></p>

<p>Fesneau reportedly said that the&nbsp;initiative is "aimed at stopping prices collapsing and so that winemakers can find sources of revenue again."</p>

<p>Fesneau urged winemakers to plan for a sustainable future and adapt their businesses accordingly.</p>

<h2><strong>How much money has been allocated to get rid of excess wine?</strong></h2>

<p>To address the situation in Bordeaux, the agriculture ministry unveiled a 57-million-euro fund in June to support the removal of around 9,500 hectares of vineyards in the region.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Producers are being encouraged to diversify their crops, such as considering olives. Originally, the EU allocated 160 million euros for the wine disposal effort, with the French government supplementing the fund to reach 200 million euros.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;World of Food: How wine took over the world</strong></p>

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<p>Despite ongoing challenges, French wine and spirits were standout exports from the country in 2022.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The Federation of French Wine and Spirits Exporters reported a record-breaking 17.2 billion euros in exports for French wine and spirits, marking a 10.8 per cent increase compared to 2021.</p>

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President Emmanuel Macron's government in France has earmarked 200 million euros (approximately $216 million) to support the disposal of excess wine within the country.

President Emmanuel Macron's government in France has earmarked 200 million euros (approximately $216 million) to support the disposal of excess wine within the country. The whopping financial allocation aims to assist struggling producers facing reduced demand. Why there is an excess of wine in France? This is because the cost of producing the wine has outstripped its current selling price, leading wineries to experience losses for each bottle sold. This challenge has been particularly pronounced in the Bordeaux region due to a combination of rising living costs, reduced demand post-Covid, and a hot European summer. In response to this issue, the French government is facilitating the destruction of surplus wine, with the option to repurpose the alcohol for products like perfume or cleaning items. French Agriculture Minister Marc Fesneau said that the initiative seeks to prevent price collapses and rejuvenate revenue streams for winemakers. Also read | France police destroy 35,000 ‘champagne’ bottles over naming violations Fesneau reportedly said that the initiative is "aimed at stopping prices collapsing and so that winemakers can find sources of revenue again." Fesneau urged winemakers to plan for a sustainable future and adapt their businesses accordingly. How much money has been allocated to get rid of excess wine? To address the situation in Bordeaux, the agriculture ministry unveiled a 57-million-euro fund in June to support the removal of around 9,500 hectares of vineyards in the region. Producers are being encouraged to diversify their crops, such as considering olives. Originally, the EU allocated 160 million euros for the wine disposal effort, with the French government supplementing the fund to reach 200 million euros. Also watch | World of Food: How wine took over the world × Despite ongoing challenges, French wine and spirits were standout exports from the country in 2022. The Federation of French Wine and Spirits Exporters reported a record-breaking 17.2 billion euros in exports for French wine and spirits, marking a 10.8 per cent increase compared to 2021. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

France spends $216 million to dispose off some of the world’s best wine

<p>In a significant achievement set to redefine the realm of human biology, scientists have successfully sequenced the Y chromosome for the first time. The breakthrough translates into the unearthing of valuable information about human genetic material that could revolutionise the study of male infertility and various health disorders.</p>

<p>Initial attempts to decipher the fundamental elements of our genetic code occurred two decades ago, yet significant gaps persisted across the 23 pairs of human chromosomes. These gaps were substantially filled last year by an international collective of 100 researchers known as the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium.</p>

<h2><strong>Why is it a major scientific breakthrough?</strong></h2>

<p>This is because the Y chromosome is the most intricate of all chromosomes.&nbsp;</p>

<p>More than half of the sequences within the Y chromosome remained a mystery despite the purported success of the Human Genome Project and the T2T consortium. But now a group of scientists has completed the missing parts, unveiling a comprehensive Y chromosome sequence.</p>

<p>The findings were published in the journal Nature.</p>

<p>Monika Cechova, co-lead author of the study, remarked in an official statement, "Just a few years ago, half of the human Y chromosome was missing (from the reference)." She further added, "This is really a huge shift in what’s possible."</p>

<p>Ordinarily, humans possess a pair of sex chromosomes within each cell, with males inheriting an X and a Y chromosome, while females possess two X chromosomes.</p>

<h2><strong>What does it mean?</strong></h2>

<p>The newfound precision within the updated Y reference sequence will facilitate the exploration of conditions and disorders tied to this chromosome, including infertility due to inadequate sperm production.</p>

<p>Recent research also underscores the Y chromosome's broader importance in matters of health and longevity.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Researchers fully sequence the Y chromosome for the first time</strong></p>

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<p>Professor Kenneth Walsh from the University of Virginia School of Medicine told CNN that certain genes on the Y chromosome are pivotal for preventing cancer and cardiovascular diseases.</p>

<p>Termed the "dark matter" of the genome, the Y chromosome has remained enigmatic.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, this new analysis offers insights into its regulatory functions, as well as the potential encoding of mRNA and proteins.</p>

<p>“Genes have been identified on the Y chromosome that has been shown to be required for the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease,” Walsh reportedly told CNN via email.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-how-x-chromosome-gets-its-shape-solving-one-of-lifes-greatest-mysteries-584602">Scientists discover how X chromosome gets its shape, solving one of life's greatest mysteries</a></strong></p>

<p>“The Y chromosome has represented the ‘dark matter’ of the genome,” he added. “This new analysis will allow us to better understand the regions of the Y chromosome that have regulatory functions and may encode mRNA and proteins.”</p>

<p>As people age, especially in cells with rapid turnover such as blood cells, the Y chromosome starts to dwindle. The reasons and health implications behind this phenomenon have been unclear, though recent research suggests links to severe bladder cancer and heightened heart disease risk.</p>

<p>A comprehensive genetic reference for the Y chromosome may shed light on these connections.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to Walsh, this research represents just the tip of the iceberg in comprehending the Y chromosome's role in age-related diseases, potentially contributing to the understanding of men's shorter lifespans compared to women.</p>

<h2><strong>How complex is the Y chromosome?</strong></h2>

<p>The Y chromosome contains over 30 million repetitive letters among its total of 62.5 million, often termed satellite or junk DNA.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It also contains palindromes—sequences of letters that read the same backwards and forward.</p>

<p>Unravelling the mystery posed a challenge due to its repetitive nature.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This repetition complicated the process of assembling data from genetic sequencing, likened to reading a book cut into strips where repetition obscures the original order.</p>

<p>Yet, advanced "long-read" sequencing technology and computational methods enabled researchers to achieve a complete reading of the Y chromosome.</p>

<p>This accomplishment added over 30 million repetitive base pairs to the human reference genome.</p>

<p>This year, researchers compiled a "pangenome," including DNA from individuals worldwide, enhancing inclusivity in the human genome. Alongside this, a collaborative team assembled Y chromosomes from diverse populations, capturing genetic variation.</p>

<p>Charles Lee, a senior author of the collaborative research paper, highlighted the vital role of proper Y chromosome gene function for men's overall health. He emphasized that their study empowers future sequencing endeavours to delve into health and disease aspects through comprehensive Y chromosome inclusion.</p>

<h2><strong>Y chromosome infertility</strong></h2>

<p>Y chromosome infertility is a common genetic condition that affects male fertility. It occurs in approximately 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 3,000 males of all ethnic groups.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It accounts for about 13 per cent of azoospermia (absence of motile sperm in semen) and 5 per cent of severe oligospermia (low sperm count) cases. Y-chromosome microdeletions, a specific type of genetic mutation, are known to cause this condition.</p>

<p>The Y chromosome plays a crucial role in male fertility, as it contains various genes, such as SRY (Sex-determining Region Y), and SOX9 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9), responsible for the development of the testes and the production of sperm. However, even a small portion of the Y chromosome missing can have significant consequences, such as reduced sperm production or a complete absence of sperm in the semen, leading to infertility.</p>

<p>The complete sequencing of the Y chromosome means that cause of this exact infertility can now be precisely ascertained and treated.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>WATCH WION LIVE HERE</strong></p>

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In a significant achievement set to redefine the realm of human biology, scientists have successfully sequenced the Y chromosome for the first time. The breakthrough translates into the unearthing of valuable information about human genetic material that could revolutionise the study of male infertility and various health disorders.

In a significant achievement set to redefine the realm of human biology, scientists have successfully sequenced the Y chromosome for the first time. The breakthrough translates into the unearthing of valuable information about human genetic material that could revolutionise the study of male infertility and various health disorders. Initial attempts to decipher the fundamental elements of our genetic code occurred two decades ago, yet significant gaps persisted across the 23 pairs of human chromosomes. These gaps were substantially filled last year by an international collective of 100 researchers known as the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium. Why is it a major scientific breakthrough? This is because the Y chromosome is the most intricate of all chromosomes. More than half of the sequences within the Y chromosome remained a mystery despite the purported success of the Human Genome Project and the T2T consortium. But now a group of scientists has completed the missing parts, unveiling a comprehensive Y chromosome sequence. The findings were published in the journal Nature. Monika Cechova, co-lead author of the study, remarked in an official statement, "Just a few years ago, half of the human Y chromosome was missing (from the reference)." She further added, "This is really a huge shift in what’s possible." Ordinarily, humans possess a pair of sex chromosomes within each cell, with males inheriting an X and a Y chromosome, while females possess two X chromosomes. What does it mean? The newfound precision within the updated Y reference sequence will facilitate the exploration of conditions and disorders tied to this chromosome, including infertility due to inadequate sperm production. Recent research also underscores the Y chromosome's broader importance in matters of health and longevity. Also watch | Researchers fully sequence the Y chromosome for the first time × Professor Kenneth Walsh from the University of Virginia School of Medicine told CNN that certain genes on the Y chromosome are pivotal for preventing cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Termed the "dark matter" of the genome, the Y chromosome has remained enigmatic. However, this new analysis offers insights into its regulatory functions, as well as the potential encoding of mRNA and proteins. “Genes have been identified on the Y chromosome that has been shown to be required for the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease,” Walsh reportedly told CNN via email. Also read | Scientists discover how X chromosome gets its shape, solving one of life's greatest mysteries “The Y chromosome has represented the ‘dark matter’ of the genome,” he added. “This new analysis will allow us to better understand the regions of the Y chromosome that have regulatory functions and may encode mRNA and proteins.” As people age, especially in cells with rapid turnover such as blood cells, the Y chromosome starts to dwindle. The reasons and health implications behind this phenomenon have been unclear, though recent research suggests links to severe bladder cancer and heightened heart disease risk. A comprehensive genetic reference for the Y chromosome may shed light on these connections. According to Walsh, this research represents just the tip of the iceberg in comprehending the Y chromosome's role in age-related diseases, potentially contributing to the understanding of men's shorter lifespans compared to women. How complex is the Y chromosome? The Y chromosome contains over 30 million repetitive letters among its total of 62.5 million, often termed satellite or junk DNA. It also contains palindromes—sequences of letters that read the same backwards and forward. Unravelling the mystery posed a challenge due to its repetitive nature. This repetition complicated the process of assembling data from genetic sequencing, likened to reading a book cut into strips where repetition obscures the original order. Yet, advanced "long-read" sequencing technology and computational methods enabled researchers to achieve a complete reading of the Y chromosome. This accomplishment added over 30 million repetitive base pairs to the human reference genome. This year, researchers compiled a "pangenome," including DNA from individuals worldwide, enhancing inclusivity in the human genome. Alongside this, a collaborative team assembled Y chromosomes from diverse populations, capturing genetic variation. Charles Lee, a senior author of the collaborative research paper, highlighted the vital role of proper Y chromosome gene function for men's overall health. He emphasized that their study empowers future sequencing endeavours to delve into health and disease aspects through comprehensive Y chromosome inclusion. Y chromosome infertility Y chromosome infertility is a common genetic condition that affects male fertility. It occurs in approximately 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 3,000 males of all ethnic groups. It accounts for about 13 per cent of azoospermia (absence of motile sperm in semen) and 5 per cent of severe oligospermia (low sperm count) cases. Y-chromosome microdeletions, a specific type of genetic mutation, are known to cause this condition. The Y chromosome plays a crucial role in male fertility, as it contains various genes, such as SRY (Sex-determining Region Y), and SOX9 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9), responsible for the development of the testes and the production of sperm. However, even a small portion of the Y chromosome missing can have significant consequences, such as reduced sperm production or a complete absence of sperm in the semen, leading to infertility. The complete sequencing of the Y chromosome means that cause of this exact infertility can now be precisely ascertained and treated. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Explained | Scientists finally decipher enigmatic Y chromosome, feat to help study male infertility

Yes, they don't care about you but they can indeed save you from undead monsters, at least on the silver screen.


Episode 133: The Tale Of Jiraiya The Gallant

It centres on Jiraiya’s struggle with the Paths of Pain. The suspense builds till the end of the battle, in which Jiraiya obtains the upper hand only to be halted by opponents. 

Vito's cat had a rather unflinching exterior but don't we all remember this iconic frame and the cat on Vito Corleone's lap?


Mia (played by Anne Hathaway) had her share of romantic gish-gallopping. But she had her best friend by her side: Fat Louie.


2. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001)


Mrs. Norris was the apple of the eye of Professor Filch, and a cinematic feline whose literary arc remained of consequence in the Harry Potter series.


Oh dear Snowbell. It'll be criminal if the Snowbell from Stuart Little is not put on top of feline-centric cinematic greatness. We don't know about Stuart. But the legacy of Stuart Little is incomplete without Snowbell.

Cats are the world's beloved pets. Here are the most famed felines of cinema

6 Famous Cats Of World Cinema

<p>In a significant course of action against the disruptions caused by the airlines, Saudi Arabia has introduced new amendments for consumer rights protection, allowing air travellers to receive compensation for various disruptions caused by the airlines.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) stated that these changes aim to enhance the passenger experience and support the growth objectives of the aviation sector in Saudi Arabia.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>What are the new rules?</strong></h2>

<p>Under the new rules, passengers will have the option to cancel their journey in the event of flight delays. Compensation of up to 200 per cent of their ticket price can be claimed by passengers if flights are cancelled, overbooked, or make unscheduled stopovers. Additionally, travellers whose baggage is lost or damaged by the airline can receive monetary compensation of up to $1,750 (SAR 6,568), as outlined in the GACA statement.</p>

<h2><strong>When will the new rules come into effect?</strong></h2>

<p>These regulations will take effect on November 20 of this year.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The regulations&nbsp;will address issues such as ticketing, boarding, in-flight services, baggage handling, and accessibility for passengers with special needs.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/direct-cairo-delhi-flight-launched-after-pm-modis-egypt-visit-622607">Direct Cairo-Delhi flight launched after PM Modi's Egypt visit</a></strong></p>

<p>Abdulaziz al-Dahmash, the Vice President of GACA for Quality and Passenger Experience, said that these changes prioritise passengers by strengthening regulations to ensure better service quality during travel disruptions. He added that these regulations align with the broader Saudi Aviation Strategy growth agenda.</p>

<p>“The regulations cover new ground in supporting passengers affected by travel disruptions and support the Kingdom’s broader Saudi Aviation Strategy growth agenda,” he added.</p>

<h2><strong>How the decision was made?</strong></h2>

<p>Before announcing these regulations, the aviation authority consulted various stakeholders, including the public, air service providers, and international organisations.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;India is world's 3rd-largest air passenger market</strong></p>

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<p>In a related effort, GACA's head, Abdulaziz al-Duailej, previously announced plans to invest over $100 billion in the aviation sector within seven years, with a goal of expanding airport capacity to handle 330 million passengers by 2030. The plan also includes increasing services to 250 destinations, which is projected to contribute $75 billion within the same timeframe.</p>

<p><strong>WATCH WION LIVE HERE</strong></p>

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In a significant course of action against the disruptions caused by the airlines, Saudi Arabia has introduced new amendments for consumer rights protection, allowing air travellers to receive compensation for various disruptions caused by the airlines.

In a significant course of action against the disruptions caused by the airlines, Saudi Arabia has introduced new amendments for consumer rights protection, allowing air travellers to receive compensation for various disruptions caused by the airlines. The General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) stated that these changes aim to enhance the passenger experience and support the growth objectives of the aviation sector in Saudi Arabia. What are the new rules? Under the new rules, passengers will have the option to cancel their journey in the event of flight delays. Compensation of up to 200 per cent of their ticket price can be claimed by passengers if flights are cancelled, overbooked, or make unscheduled stopovers. Additionally, travellers whose baggage is lost or damaged by the airline can receive monetary compensation of up to $1,750 (SAR 6,568), as outlined in the GACA statement. When will the new rules come into effect? These regulations will take effect on November 20 of this year. The regulations will address issues such as ticketing, boarding, in-flight services, baggage handling, and accessibility for passengers with special needs. Also read | Direct Cairo-Delhi flight launched after PM Modi's Egypt visit Abdulaziz al-Dahmash, the Vice President of GACA for Quality and Passenger Experience, said that these changes prioritise passengers by strengthening regulations to ensure better service quality during travel disruptions. He added that these regulations align with the broader Saudi Aviation Strategy growth agenda. “The regulations cover new ground in supporting passengers affected by travel disruptions and support the Kingdom’s broader Saudi Aviation Strategy growth agenda,” he added. How the decision was made? Before announcing these regulations, the aviation authority consulted various stakeholders, including the public, air service providers, and international organisations. Also watch | India is world's 3rd-largest air passenger market × In a related effort, GACA's head, Abdulaziz al-Duailej, previously announced plans to invest over $100 billion in the aviation sector within seven years, with a goal of expanding airport capacity to handle 330 million passengers by 2030. The plan also includes increasing services to 250 destinations, which is projected to contribute $75 billion within the same timeframe. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Saudi Arabia mandates heavy compensation for flyers in new aviation rules to combat flight disruptions

<p>India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 26 hailed the scientists of the Indian Space Research Organisation upon the historic success of the Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission three days ago. Describing India's lunar landing as 'one of the most inspiring moments of the century', Modi designated the lunar mission as India's 'national pride'.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Modi also announced the names of the lunar sites where the probes of Chandrayaan-3 and its predecessor Chandrayaan-2 experienced an impact. While the site of the soft landing of the Vikram lander of the Chandrayaan-3 mission has been named 'Shivshakti Point', the site of the hard landing of the lander of the Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission of 2019 has been named 'Tiranga Point', in reference to the Indian national flag or tricolour.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-success-live-updates-modi-hails-indias-scientists-ahead-of-meeting-with-isro-scientists-629339">Chandrayaan-3 success LIVE: India names sites on the Moon where its lunar missions landed</a></strong></p>

<p>“Today, I am feeling a different level of happiness...such occasions are very rare...this time, I was so restless...I was in South Africa but my mind was with you,” Modi said.</p>

<p>Modi declared that August 23rd, the day when India's Vikram lander made a safe and soft landing on the southern pole of the Moon, will now be celebrated as National Space Day in India.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Modi made these declarations in an address to the scientists of the Indian Space Research Organisation at its Telemetry Tracking and Command Network Mission Control headquarters in Bengaluru in southern India. Modi landed in Bengaluru on the morning of August 26th after his four-day formal tour of South Africa and Greece.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Modi also commended the role played by India's women scientists in the lunar missions and while referring to the naming of the lunar landing site, he said: "This 'Shivkshakti' point will inspire the upcoming generations to use science for the welfare of people. The welfare of people is our supreme commitment."&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3: After soft-landing on moon, ISRO to study sun from afar</strong></p>

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<p>Modi, while heaping praises on ISRO, said that people from across the globe who believe in science and the future are filled with enthusiasm over India’s achievement.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The Prime Minister was received at ISTRAC by ISRO chief S Somanath and other scientists.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Addressing the scientists, Modi said, "What you all have achieved is one of the most inspiring moments of this era. After this feat, the entire world has understood India's mettle in the field of science and technology."</p>

<p>India's Chandrayaan-3 lander Vikram successfully touched down on the lunar surface on Wednesday, August 23.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The lander is carrying six scientific payloads, including the rover Pragyan which will collect data over the course of 14 days.<br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

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India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 26 hailed the scientists of the Indian Space Research Organisation upon the historic success of the Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission three days ago.

India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 26 hailed the scientists of the Indian Space Research Organisation upon the historic success of the Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission three days ago. Describing India's lunar landing as 'one of the most inspiring moments of the century', Modi designated the lunar mission as India's 'national pride'. Modi also announced the names of the lunar sites where the probes of Chandrayaan-3 and its predecessor Chandrayaan-2 experienced an impact. While the site of the soft landing of the Vikram lander of the Chandrayaan-3 mission has been named 'Shivshakti Point', the site of the hard landing of the lander of the Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission of 2019 has been named 'Tiranga Point', in reference to the Indian national flag or tricolour. Also read | Chandrayaan-3 success LIVE: India names sites on the Moon where its lunar missions landed “Today, I am feeling a different level of happiness...such occasions are very rare...this time, I was so restless...I was in South Africa but my mind was with you,” Modi said. Modi declared that August 23rd, the day when India's Vikram lander made a safe and soft landing on the southern pole of the Moon, will now be celebrated as National Space Day in India. Modi made these declarations in an address to the scientists of the Indian Space Research Organisation at its Telemetry Tracking and Command Network Mission Control headquarters in Bengaluru in southern India. Modi landed in Bengaluru on the morning of August 26th after his four-day formal tour of South Africa and Greece. Modi also commended the role played by India's women scientists in the lunar missions and while referring to the naming of the lunar landing site, he said: "This 'Shivkshakti' point will inspire the upcoming generations to use science for the welfare of people. The welfare of people is our supreme commitment." Also watch | Chandrayaan-3: After soft-landing on moon, ISRO to study sun from afar × Modi, while heaping praises on ISRO, said that people from across the globe who believe in science and the future are filled with enthusiasm over India’s achievement. The Prime Minister was received at ISTRAC by ISRO chief S Somanath and other scientists. Addressing the scientists, Modi said, "What you all have achieved is one of the most inspiring moments of this era. After this feat, the entire world has understood India's mettle in the field of science and technology." India's Chandrayaan-3 lander Vikram successfully touched down on the lunar surface on Wednesday, August 23. The lander is carrying six scientific payloads, including the rover Pragyan which will collect data over the course of 14 days. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Chandrayaan-3: Modi hails India's lunar landing as 'one of the most inspiring moments of this century'

<p>An inquisitive Dr Abdul Kalam once asked, 'Why not land on the Moon'. <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-is-a-success-a-soft-landing-for-vikram-lander-a-giant-leap-for-indias-space-odyssey-628404">India is now the first country in the world to land on the south pole of Moon</a>, a new chapter&nbsp;for the history books witnessed by the world on the evening of August 23rd, 2023.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BREAKING?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BREAKING</a> | <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Chandrayaan3?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Chandrayaan3</a> lands on the Moon's south pole<br />
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We've achieved the soft landing on the Moon. India is on the Moon: ISRO Chief S. Somanath <a href="https://t.co/LA0GgPf2RS">pic.twitter.com/LA0GgPf2RS</a></p>
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<p>Nearly two decades before an Indian spacecraft successfully landed on Moon, in 2004, top scientists of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) met the then President of India Dr APJ Abdul Kalam at a seminar in Udaipur. Dr Kalam, popularly regarded as 'Missile Man of India' for his distinguished contribution to India's civilian space programme, intently listened to the scientists.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The topic of deliberation was a lunar mission aimed at orbiting moon, an event that occurred four years later after the success of Chandrayaan-1 space mission in 2008.&nbsp;</p>

<p>But Dr M. Annadurai, the then project director of Chandrayaan-1 mission, revealed one suggestion by Dr Kalam stood out.</p>

<p>"Why not land on Moon!,"&nbsp;Dr Kalam is reported to have suggested Annadurai, according to a Times of India report.</p>

<p>"Kalam was talking about the Chandrayaan-3 programme, much before it was conceptualised," Annadurai was quoted as saying by the newspaper.</p>

<p>The late scientist president, who heralded an era of generation-defining achievements in space science for India, remains an inspiration to hundreds of scientists across a dozen ISRO centres involved in the design, development, testing and realisation of Chandrayaan-3 mission.</p>

<p>In his 2012 book <em>Turning Points: A journey through challenges</em>, Kalam described Chandrayaan mission "just the first step towards India's further planetary explorations and manned missions".&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>The birth of Moon Impact Probe</strong></h2>

<p>Now that Vikram lander of Chandrayaan-3 mission has safely landed on lunar surface, many would believe that this is the first Indian object on Moon. Neither are the crash landed remnants of the lander of Chandrayaan-2 mission launched four years ago.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The first Indian object on lunar surface is the Moon Impact Probe which, upon Kalam's suggestion to the then ISRO chief G. Madhavan Nair, went with Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008.<br />
<br />
<img alt="File photo of former Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee with Dr APJ Abdul Kalam" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0274513c-9092-4717-9c2d-82933c13e0ca" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/Untitled%20design%20-%202023-08-23T223810.502.png" /></p>

<p><em>File photo of former Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee with Dr APJ Abdul Kalam. Chandrayaan lunar mission was announced by Vajpayee during Independence Day address on August 15, 2003 | AFP</em></p>

<p>Dr Kalam wrote in 'Turning points': "In 2006, the then chairman of ISRO briefed me on his future space plans including the Chandrayaan mission to explore the moon, which I am sure is just the first step towards further planetary explorations and manned missions... I suggested that the mission could include a combined entry package to the moon with at least one telemetry channel, with density or pressure measurement or tone ranging. This payload would enable us to gather data directly from the moon’s surface. The chairman promised to include this payload. This led to the birth of the Moon Impact Probe as a part of the Chandrayaan mission. To my delight, the probe landed on the moon’s surface on 14 November 2008 exactly in the pre-determined area."&nbsp;</p>

<p>The Moon Impact Probe had the Indian tricolour inscribed on it, and just like Kalam had suggested, contained a high-resolution spectrometer and other instruments to probe the lunar surface. One of them, the Chandra's Altitudinal Composition Explorer (CHACE) recorded evidence of water in 650 mass spectra readings gathered during 25 minutes of its descent.</p>

<p>In his memoir <em>Rocketing Through The Skies</em>, the then ISRO chief G. Madhavan Nair describes the moment when Moon Impact Probe touched the lunar surface.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"An hour before the MIP was to be detached from the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, former president of India and my guru, strode into the control room flashing his trademark smile."</p>

<p>"I arranged spiced buttermilk, his favourite, for him and explained the details of the mission... Dr Kalam was excited to see the most modern set-up and remarked that he felt as if he was in a wonderland," wrote Nair in a reference to the humble beginnings of India's space programme that Kalam led during its years of infancy.<br />
<img alt="The then chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) G. Madhavan Nair on October 22, 2008, after the successful launch of India's first Lunar probe Chandrayaan-1 | AFP" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="ce58296f-ae7c-4ade-a578-baa84983984f" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/Untitled%20design%20-%202023-08-23T020500.043_0.png" /></p>

<p><em>The then chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) G. Madhavan Nair on October 22, 2008, after the successful launch of India's first Lunar probe Chandrayaan-1 | AFP</em></p>

<p>"As we looked anxiously at the screens in the control room, the MIP descended on the Moon and finally impacted at a spot near the pole, beside the Shackleton crater. The flag on the MIP inscribed India's presence on the Moon forever," Nair wrote further.</p>

<p>"It was heartening that this moment was witnessed by Dr Kalam, who had originally put forth the idea that India must place its flag on the moon."&nbsp;</p>

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An inquisitive Dr Abdul Kalam once asked, 'Why not land on the Moon'. India is now the first country in the world to land on the south pole of Moon, a new chapter for the history books witnessed by the world on the evening of August 23rd, 2023.

An inquisitive Dr Abdul Kalam once asked, 'Why not land on the Moon'. India is now the first country in the world to land on the south pole of Moon, a new chapter for the history books witnessed by the world on the evening of August 23rd, 2023. #BREAKING | #Chandrayaan3 lands on the Moon's south pole We've achieved the soft landing on the Moon. India is on the Moon: ISRO Chief S. Somanath pic.twitter.com/LA0GgPf2RS — WION (@WIONews) August 23, 2023 × Nearly two decades before an Indian spacecraft successfully landed on Moon, in 2004, top scientists of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) met the then President of India Dr APJ Abdul Kalam at a seminar in Udaipur. Dr Kalam, popularly regarded as 'Missile Man of India' for his distinguished contribution to India's civilian space programme, intently listened to the scientists. The topic of deliberation was a lunar mission aimed at orbiting moon, an event that occurred four years later after the success of Chandrayaan-1 space mission in 2008. But Dr M. Annadurai, the then project director of Chandrayaan-1 mission, revealed one suggestion by Dr Kalam stood out. "Why not land on Moon!," Dr Kalam is reported to have suggested Annadurai, according to a Times of India report. "Kalam was talking about the Chandrayaan-3 programme, much before it was conceptualised," Annadurai was quoted as saying by the newspaper. The late scientist president, who heralded an era of generation-defining achievements in space science for India, remains an inspiration to hundreds of scientists across a dozen ISRO centres involved in the design, development, testing and realisation of Chandrayaan-3 mission. In his 2012 book Turning Points: A journey through challenges, Kalam described Chandrayaan mission "just the first step towards India's further planetary explorations and manned missions". The birth of Moon Impact Probe Now that Vikram lander of Chandrayaan-3 mission has safely landed on lunar surface, many would believe that this is the first Indian object on Moon. Neither are the crash landed remnants of the lander of Chandrayaan-2 mission launched four years ago. The first Indian object on lunar surface is the Moon Impact Probe which, upon Kalam's suggestion to the then ISRO chief G. Madhavan Nair, went with Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008. File photo of former Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee with Dr APJ Abdul Kalam. Chandrayaan lunar mission was announced by Vajpayee during Independence Day address on August 15, 2003 | AFP Dr Kalam wrote in 'Turning points': "In 2006, the then chairman of ISRO briefed me on his future space plans including the Chandrayaan mission to explore the moon, which I am sure is just the first step towards further planetary explorations and manned missions... I suggested that the mission could include a combined entry package to the moon with at least one telemetry channel, with density or pressure measurement or tone ranging. This payload would enable us to gather data directly from the moon’s surface. The chairman promised to include this payload. This led to the birth of the Moon Impact Probe as a part of the Chandrayaan mission. To my delight, the probe landed on the moon’s surface on 14 November 2008 exactly in the pre-determined area." The Moon Impact Probe had the Indian tricolour inscribed on it, and just like Kalam had suggested, contained a high-resolution spectrometer and other instruments to probe the lunar surface. One of them, the Chandra's Altitudinal Composition Explorer (CHACE) recorded evidence of water in 650 mass spectra readings gathered during 25 minutes of its descent. In his memoir Rocketing Through The Skies, the then ISRO chief G. Madhavan Nair describes the moment when Moon Impact Probe touched the lunar surface. "An hour before the MIP was to be detached from the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, former president of India and my guru, strode into the control room flashing his trademark smile." "I arranged spiced buttermilk, his favourite, for him and explained the details of the mission... Dr Kalam was excited to see the most modern set-up and remarked that he felt as if he was in a wonderland," wrote Nair in a reference to the humble beginnings of India's space programme that Kalam led during its years of infancy. The then chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) G. Madhavan Nair on October 22, 2008, after the successful launch of India's first Lunar probe Chandrayaan-1 | AFP "As we looked anxiously at the screens in the control room, the MIP descended on the Moon and finally impacted at a spot near the pole, beside the Shackleton crater. The flag on the MIP inscribed India's presence on the Moon forever," Nair wrote further. "It was heartening that this moment was witnessed by Dr Kalam, who had originally put forth the idea that India must place its flag on the moon." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Cast From The Past: When Dr Abdul Kalam proposed, 'Why not land on Moon'

<p>As India introduced a 40 per cent export tax to combat higher onion prices, analysts have said that New Delhi's protective measure to control the retail prices of this staple food item will lead to an increase in prices in the countries where onion is imported from India.</p>

<p>The newly announced tax, effective until December 31, is aimed at stabilising domestic supply and curbing inflation, according to the Ministry of Finance.</p>

<p>Retail prices for onions in India have surged around 20 per cent year-on-year.</p>

<p>The heavy rainfall in July 2023 across critical onion-producing regions like Maharashtra and Karnataka led to damage in stored onion crops, according to Pushan Sharma, director of research at CRISIL Market Intelligence and Analytics, a subsidiary of S&amp;P Global, CNBC reported.</p>

<p>India's July inflation reached a 15-month peak of 7.44per cent&nbsp;primarily due to higher domestic food costs.</p>

<p>The world's fifth-largest economy&nbsp;currently grapples with higher prices of vegetables, fruits, and grains, with tomatoes seeing a more than 300 per cent surge due to unfavourable weather.</p>

<p>The Indian government also suspended non-basmati white rice exports in July to ensure ample domestic supplies.</p>

<h2><strong>India's export control on onions: Which countries will be impacted?</strong></h2>

<p>The export taxes will result in increased onion prices for Bangladesh, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and parts of West Asia, as these countries rely on India for their onion supply.</p>

<p>India is the world's primary onion exporter, contributing over 12 per cent to the global onion trade, according to the&nbsp;data from CRISIL cited by CNBC.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;Onion price hike: India imposes 40% duty on onion exports</strong></p>

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<p>This price hike, however, is likely to be short-lived, lasting until October when more onion crops enter the market.</p>

<p>Onions hold a significant role in India's cuisine.</p>

<p>They, along with tomatoes and potatoes, are vital components of the country's Consumer Price Index (CPI) basket.</p>

<p>India had previously banned onion exports in 2019 due to reduced harvests caused by excessive rainfall.</p>

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As India introduced a 40 per cent export tax to combat higher onion prices, analysts have said that New Delhi's protective measure to control the retail prices of this staple food item will lead to an increase in prices in the countries where onion is imported from India.

As India introduced a 40 per cent export tax to combat higher onion prices, analysts have said that New Delhi's protective measure to control the retail prices of this staple food item will lead to an increase in prices in the countries where onion is imported from India. The newly announced tax, effective until December 31, is aimed at stabilising domestic supply and curbing inflation, according to the Ministry of Finance. Retail prices for onions in India have surged around 20 per cent year-on-year. The heavy rainfall in July 2023 across critical onion-producing regions like Maharashtra and Karnataka led to damage in stored onion crops, according to Pushan Sharma, director of research at CRISIL Market Intelligence and Analytics, a subsidiary of S&P Global, CNBC reported. India's July inflation reached a 15-month peak of 7.44per cent primarily due to higher domestic food costs. The world's fifth-largest economy currently grapples with higher prices of vegetables, fruits, and grains, with tomatoes seeing a more than 300 per cent surge due to unfavourable weather. The Indian government also suspended non-basmati white rice exports in July to ensure ample domestic supplies. India's export control on onions: Which countries will be impacted? The export taxes will result in increased onion prices for Bangladesh, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and parts of West Asia, as these countries rely on India for their onion supply. India is the world's primary onion exporter, contributing over 12 per cent to the global onion trade, according to the data from CRISIL cited by CNBC. Also read | Onion price hike: India imposes 40% duty on onion exports × This price hike, however, is likely to be short-lived, lasting until October when more onion crops enter the market. Onions hold a significant role in India's cuisine. They, along with tomatoes and potatoes, are vital components of the country's Consumer Price Index (CPI) basket. India had previously banned onion exports in 2019 due to reduced harvests caused by excessive rainfall. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

India's export tax on onions may lead to price hike in global markets

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