It is very well known that there are eight planets in our Solar System and then a dwarf planet - Pluto. But now the astronomers are suspecting there is a 7 per cent chance that another planet is hiding in the Oort cloud near Earth.

It is very well known that there are eight planets in our Solar System and then a dwarf planet - Pluto. But now the astronomers are suspecting there is a 7 per cent chance that another planet is hiding in the Oort cloud near Earth. Oort cloud is a spherical region in space which is filled with ice chunks and rocks and is tens of thousands of times far from the Sun. Co-author of the study and astronomer at the Planetary Science Institute Nathan Kaib said, “It’s completely plausible for our solar system to have captured such an Oort cloud planet." He added that hidden worlds like this are “a class of planets that should definitely exist but have received relatively little attention” until now. Also Read: Strictly speaking, Earth is not revolving around the Sun currently. Here's what it means In case, there is a planet in the Oort cloud, it is likely to be an ice giant. Generally, large planets like Saturn and Jupiter come into existence as twins. However, such planets have huge gravitational pulls and can even destabilise another planet. This can lead to the nudging of a planet from the Solar System and moving it entirely to the outer reaches where the Oort Cloud is present. University of Bordeaux’s Astrophysics Laboratory researcher and lead author Sean Raymond said, “The survivor planets have eccentric orbits, which are like the scars from their violent pasts." How is an Oort cloud planet different from other planets? So a planet inside the Oort Cloud is likely to have a significantly elongated orbit, which is very different from the near-perfect circular shape of the Earth. The scientists find it difficult to spot such planets because they are far away. “It would be extremely hard to detect,” said Raymond. Watch: NASA releases Webb telescope images of a galactic merger Meanwhile, an astronomer at MIT Malena Rice said, “If a Neptune-sized planet existed in our own Oort cloud, there’s a good chance that we wouldn’t have found it yet." “Amazingly, it can sometimes be easier to spot planets hundreds of light-years away than those right in our own backyard," the astronomer said, reported indy100. (With inputs from agencies)

Unknown planet lurking in our Solar System? Scientists say Earth may have a new neighbour

The particles which are flying around planet Uranus are facing "traffic jams". Now, scientists have found the reason behind this weird scenario in the cosmic world.

The particles which are flying around planet Uranus are facing "traffic jams". Now, scientists have found the reason behind this weird scenario in the cosmic world. The weak radiation belts of the ice giant may have led to its lopsided and curiously tilted magnetic field which in turn has been causing the jams. The mystery of these "traffic jams" dates back to the visit of Voyager 2 to Uranus in January 1986; long before the probe left our solar system in 2018. The spacecraft had discovered that the magnetic field of the Uranus is asymmetric and is tilted roughly at 60°, away from the planet's spin axis. Voyager 2 also discovered the radiation belts of Uranus, which were filled with particles trapped by this magnetic field, are nearly 100 times weaker than expected. Also Read: Exoplanet which receives rains of glass and is close to Earth is stinking like rotten eggs. Here's why The latest study, which is based on the simulations made using Voyager 2 data, says that ice giants these two strange aspects are related. "It has a magnetic field like no other in the solar system. Most planets have strong intrinsic magnetic fields, like Earth, Jupiter and Saturn. They have a very 'traditional' magnetic field shape, which is known as a dipole," said lead author Matthew Acevski, while speaking to Space.com. "This is the same magnetic field shape as you would expect from your everyday bar magnet. At Uranus, this is not the case; Uranus' field is highly asymmetric — and it becomes increasingly so closer to the planet’s surface," he added. Magnetic asymmetry of Uranus causing commotion? Acevski said that in the research it has been highlighted how the magnetic asymmetry of Uranus wraps the structure of the planet's proton radiation belts, especially close to the the region passed by Voyager 2. "My hypothesis was that the magnetic asymmetry was warping the proton radiation belts, forming regions around the planet where the radiation belts were more compressed," Acevski said, "and, thus, with stronger intensity; other regions where they were more spread out, leading to weaker intensity. Watch: Earth's days may be getting little longer: Unveiling the planet's mysteries He added, "If Voyager 2 flew through a region where the radiation belts were more spread out, that could explain its observations of weaker-than-expected proton radiation belts." Uranus is the coldest planet in the solar system and is odd among the other worlds present in our planetary system. It appears to rotate like a cosmic ball which is tilted in one direction at a 97-degree angle from its orbit's plane. (With inputs from agencies)

Uranus is facing 'traffic jams' in the cosmic world. Here's why

Long before human civilisation existed on our planet, Earth was just a dry fireball with no water on it and appeared very similar to other exoplanets.

So how, did this burning and hellish planet get water bodies and become a hospitable place for human civilisation?&nbsp;

The researchers, while studying certain meteorite classes, found the source that led to the existence of water-rich cosmic bodies in the primordial solar system.

The scientists identified mini astronomical structures,&nbsp;known as planetesimals, as agents that made the cosmic delivery of water.

The planetesimals brought materials for planet construction, which included our Earth, which had very little water to start with.

Explaining these cosmic bodies, Director of the Klaus Tschira Laboratory for Cosmochemistry at Heidelberg University’s&nbsp;Institute of Earth Sciences, Professor Dr. Mario Trieloff said, “These small bodies did not just supply the building materials for the planets. They are, in reality, the very source of Earth’s water."&nbsp;

These planetesimals remained at cooler temperatures in the&nbsp;outer solar system. In this place, ice remained as solid-state water.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/asteroid-2024-mt-1-makes-extremely-close-approach-to-earth-739111">Asteroid 2024 MT-1 makes extremely close approach to Earth</a>

These planetesimals were starkly different from other celestial bodies which were formed earlier in the history of the solar system. Those bodies were too hot and very close to the Sun, which made it impossible to create ice.&nbsp;

These bodies, which were formed at an early stage in the universe, faced intense thermal conditions which prevented the accumulation or retention of volatile substances like water.

<h2>How was the research carried out?</h2>

The international research team, which included distinguished earth scientists from Heidelberg University, meticulously analysed age data and used sophisticated computational models, to trace the thermal evolution of these planetesimals' parent bodies.

Throughout their research, they carried out the examination of isotopic compositions and conducted simulations to understand the material composition and heat dynamics of these early solar system objects.

Watch:&nbsp;Scientists say the Earth's core is behaving oddly. Here's why

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In the research, the team found that some planetesimals&nbsp;formed extremely rapidly in a time span of less than two million years.&nbsp;

The bodies faced intense heating, melted completely, and lost all their volatile elements, which included water.

Short-lived radioactive isotopes, that release substantial amounts of heat, started decaying, which led to rapid heating.

Meanwhile, in the study, it was found that a second group of planetesimals was formed later on&nbsp;at cooler temperatures in the outer reaches of the solar system.

(With inputs from agencies)

Long before human civilisation existed on our planet, Earth was just a dry fireball with no water on it and appeared very similar to other exoplanets. So how, did this burning and hellish planet get water bodies and become a hospitable place for human civilisation?

Long before human civilisation existed on our planet, Earth was just a dry fireball with no water on it and appeared very similar to other exoplanets. So how, did this burning and hellish planet get water bodies and become a hospitable place for human civilisation? The researchers, while studying certain meteorite classes, found the source that led to the existence of water-rich cosmic bodies in the primordial solar system. The scientists identified mini astronomical structures, known as planetesimals, as agents that made the cosmic delivery of water. The planetesimals brought materials for planet construction, which included our Earth, which had very little water to start with. Explaining these cosmic bodies, Director of the Klaus Tschira Laboratory for Cosmochemistry at Heidelberg University’s Institute of Earth Sciences, Professor Dr. Mario Trieloff said, “These small bodies did not just supply the building materials for the planets. They are, in reality, the very source of Earth’s water." These planetesimals remained at cooler temperatures in the outer solar system. In this place, ice remained as solid-state water. Also Read: Asteroid 2024 MT-1 makes extremely close approach to Earth These planetesimals were starkly different from other celestial bodies which were formed earlier in the history of the solar system. Those bodies were too hot and very close to the Sun, which made it impossible to create ice. These bodies, which were formed at an early stage in the universe, faced intense thermal conditions which prevented the accumulation or retention of volatile substances like water. How was the research carried out? The international research team, which included distinguished earth scientists from Heidelberg University, meticulously analysed age data and used sophisticated computational models, to trace the thermal evolution of these planetesimals' parent bodies. Throughout their research, they carried out the examination of isotopic compositions and conducted simulations to understand the material composition and heat dynamics of these early solar system objects. Watch: Scientists say the Earth's core is behaving oddly. Here's why In the research, the team found that some planetesimals formed extremely rapidly in a time span of less than two million years. The bodies faced intense heating, melted completely, and lost all their volatile elements, which included water. Short-lived radioactive isotopes, that release substantial amounts of heat, started decaying, which led to rapid heating. Meanwhile, in the study, it was found that a second group of planetesimals was formed later on at cooler temperatures in the outer reaches of the solar system. (With inputs from agencies)

Earth received cosmic delivery of water in its early days when it was a fireball. This was the source

Scientists say the Earth's core is slowing down and it could possibly be rotating in reverse. How is this possible? What does it mean for our planet?

Scientists say the Earth's core is behaving oddly. Here's why

The space agency NASA is on an alert and has issued a warning regarding a gigantic&nbsp; asteroid, which has been&nbsp;named&nbsp;2024 MT1.

The asteroid is hurtling towards&nbsp;Earth at an accelerated speed of 65,215 km/h.&nbsp;

The asteroid, which approximately measures 260 feet in diameter, is nearly the size of the&nbsp;Statue of Liberty. It has been estimated that the asteroid will make its closest approach to Earth on July 8.

<h2>When was asteroid 2024 MT1 first detected?</h2>

NASA’s Near-Earth Object Observations Programme, which tracks and characterises asteroids and comets which come closer to the Earth, first detected asteroid 2024 MT1.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-spots-large-asteroid-with-moon-orbiting-it-as-it-makes-close-flyby-earth-738302">NASA spots large asteroid with moon orbiting it, as it makes close flyby Earth</a>

Various ground-based telescopes and radar systems are used by the programme for monitoring these objects.&nbsp;

Asteroid 2024 MT1 has been concerning scientists because of its size and speed, however, NASA has said that Earth does not face any threat of collision as of now.

NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has closely monitored the trajectory of the asteroid in Pasadena, California.

JPL’s&nbsp;Asteroid Watch dashboard gives real-time data on the position, speed, and distance of the asteroid from Earth.

The JPL stated that 2024 MT1 will pass by Earth at a distance of approximately 937,000 miles (1.5 million kilometres).

Scientists consider such enormous-sized asteroids as potentially hazardous because they can cause significant damage if they collide with Earth.

<h2>How this asteroid will impact Earth?</h2>

It is expected that the asteroid can lead to widespread devastation, massive explosions, fires, and tsunamis.&nbsp;

NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) has been laying out a plan to mitigate such threats.&nbsp;

The&nbsp;PDCO&nbsp;works with international space agencies and research institutions to create technologies for impact prevention and asteroid deflection.

Watch:&nbsp;Asteroid 2024 MK passes Earth at 300,000 km

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They are exploring a technology called the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission that aims to test the feasibility of deflecting the asteroid coming towards Earth by crashing a spacecraft into it.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The space agency NASA is on an alert and has issued a warning regarding a gigantic asteroid, which has been named 2024 MT1. The asteroid is hurtling towards Earth at an accelerated speed of 65,215 km/h.

The space agency NASA is on an alert and has issued a warning regarding a gigantic asteroid, which has been named 2024 MT1. The asteroid is hurtling towards Earth at an accelerated speed of 65,215 km/h. The asteroid, which approximately measures 260 feet in diameter, is nearly the size of the Statue of Liberty. It has been estimated that the asteroid will make its closest approach to Earth on July 8. When was asteroid 2024 MT1 first detected? NASA’s Near-Earth Object Observations Programme, which tracks and characterises asteroids and comets which come closer to the Earth, first detected asteroid 2024 MT1. Also Read: NASA spots large asteroid with moon orbiting it, as it makes close flyby Earth Various ground-based telescopes and radar systems are used by the programme for monitoring these objects. Asteroid 2024 MT1 has been concerning scientists because of its size and speed, however, NASA has said that Earth does not face any threat of collision as of now. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has closely monitored the trajectory of the asteroid in Pasadena, California. JPL’s Asteroid Watch dashboard gives real-time data on the position, speed, and distance of the asteroid from Earth. The JPL stated that 2024 MT1 will pass by Earth at a distance of approximately 937,000 miles (1.5 million kilometres). Scientists consider such enormous-sized asteroids as potentially hazardous because they can cause significant damage if they collide with Earth. How this asteroid will impact Earth? It is expected that the asteroid can lead to widespread devastation, massive explosions, fires, and tsunamis. NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) has been laying out a plan to mitigate such threats. The PDCO works with international space agencies and research institutions to create technologies for impact prevention and asteroid deflection. Watch: Asteroid 2024 MK passes Earth at 300,000 km They are exploring a technology called the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission that aims to test the feasibility of deflecting the asteroid coming towards Earth by crashing a spacecraft into it. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA is on alert as gigantic asteroid, size of Statue of Liberty, is hurtling towards Earth at 65,215 kmph

In a new study, scientists have found that the crashing of an atmospheric comet in the atmosphere of Earth set the planet on fire nearly 12,000 years ago.&nbsp;

The geological history of our planet is hidden in the layers of dirt and stone where lies the evidence of celestial impacts, ancient cultures and climatic shifts.&nbsp;

Approximately 12,800 years ago, the Earth witnessed extreme environmental change during the Younger Dryas period and the planet even caught fire due to the crashing of a comet.

Also Read:<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/asteroids-thrashing-mars-more-than-ever-thought-leaving-craters-on-red-planet-736281">&nbsp;Asteroids thrashing Mars more than ever thought, leaving craters on Red Planet</a>

During this period, the planet witnessed a significant climatic shift which abruptly ended a warming trend and started a near-glacial&nbsp;period.&nbsp;

According to the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis, a cosmic airburst triggered this cooling event when a fragmented&nbsp;comet&nbsp;crashed into the atmosphere of the Earth nearly 12,800 years ago.

<h2>Scientists find evidence of Younger Dryas airburst</h2>

In a new study, the scientists have found more evidence which supports this hypothesis.&nbsp;

They have discovered the traces of cosmic airbursts which were scattered across various sites in the eastern United States - which covers Maryland, New Jersey and South Carolina.&nbsp;

In the new evidence, they have found materials indicative of the force and temperature which were part of such an event - like platinum, microspherules, melt glass, and shock-fractured quartz.

“What we’ve found is that the pressures and temperatures were not characteristic of major crater-forming impacts but were consistent with so-called ‘touchdown’ airbursts that don’t form much in the way of craters,” said&nbsp;UC Santa Barbara&nbsp;Professor James Kennett, who headed the study.

<h2>What was the Younger Dryas period?</h2>

To the climate researchers, the Younger Dryas has great importance. It provides them with valuable insights into the rapid changes which are possible to occur in the climate system of Earth.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Asteroid 2024 MK passes Earth at 300,000 km

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/asteroid-2024-mk-passes-earth-at-300000-km-736813/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

The period also illustrates the interconnectedness of our terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic systems.

The Younger Dryas also shows the sudden return of icy atmosphere on Earth's surface which disrupts the gentle warming of the climate on Earth after the last Ice Age. It is said that this icy condition remained from 12,900 to 11,700 years ago.

This abrupt climatic change also affected the global vegetation layouts and led to the extinction of various large animal species.&nbsp;

The end of the Younger Dryas period also came as suddenly as it started as the temperatures in Greenland went up by 10°C in just ten years.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

In a new study, scientists have found that the crashing of an atmospheric comet in the atmosphere of Earth set the planet on fire nearly 12,000 years ago. The geological history of our planet is hidden in the layers of dirt and stone where lies the evidence of celestial impacts, ancient cultures and climatic shifts.

In a new study, scientists have found that the crashing of an atmospheric comet in the atmosphere of Earth set the planet on fire nearly 12,000 years ago. The geological history of our planet is hidden in the layers of dirt and stone where lies the evidence of celestial impacts, ancient cultures and climatic shifts. Approximately 12,800 years ago, the Earth witnessed extreme environmental change during the Younger Dryas period and the planet even caught fire due to the crashing of a comet. Also Read: Asteroids thrashing Mars more than ever thought, leaving craters on Red Planet During this period, the planet witnessed a significant climatic shift which abruptly ended a warming trend and started a near-glacial period. According to the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis, a cosmic airburst triggered this cooling event when a fragmented comet crashed into the atmosphere of the Earth nearly 12,800 years ago. Scientists find evidence of Younger Dryas airburst In a new study, the scientists have found more evidence which supports this hypothesis. They have discovered the traces of cosmic airbursts which were scattered across various sites in the eastern United States - which covers Maryland, New Jersey and South Carolina. In the new evidence, they have found materials indicative of the force and temperature which were part of such an event - like platinum, microspherules, melt glass, and shock-fractured quartz. “What we’ve found is that the pressures and temperatures were not characteristic of major crater-forming impacts but were consistent with so-called ‘touchdown’ airbursts that don’t form much in the way of craters,” said UC Santa Barbara Professor James Kennett, who headed the study. What was the Younger Dryas period? To the climate researchers, the Younger Dryas has great importance. It provides them with valuable insights into the rapid changes which are possible to occur in the climate system of Earth. Watch: Asteroid 2024 MK passes Earth at 300,000 km The period also illustrates the interconnectedness of our terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic systems. The Younger Dryas also shows the sudden return of icy atmosphere on Earth's surface which disrupts the gentle warming of the climate on Earth after the last Ice Age. It is said that this icy condition remained from 12,900 to 11,700 years ago. This abrupt climatic change also affected the global vegetation layouts and led to the extinction of various large animal species. The end of the Younger Dryas period also came as suddenly as it started as the temperatures in Greenland went up by 10°C in just ten years. (With inputs from agencies)

Comet crashed on Earth, set the planet ablaze thousands of years ago: Study

In a stunning discovery, scientists&nbsp;have spotted an asteroid which is tagging along with Earth in its annual revolution around the Sun.&nbsp;

The asteroid, which has been dubbed as 2023 FW13, has been termed a “quasi-moon” or “quasi-satellite" by the experts.

The asteroid has been classified as a "quasi-moon" because it has been orbiting the sun in a similar time frame as the Earth. However, the asteroid was also impacted by Earth's gravitational pull.

Asteroid 2023 FW13&nbsp;measures nearly 50 feet (15 meters) in diameter and is located at a distance of nearly nine million miles (14 million kilometres) from the Earth.

The scientists used the&nbsp;Pan-STARRS&nbsp;survey telescope for spotting the 2023 FW13 on March 28, 2023.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earths-near-miss-mountain-size-asteroid-to-fly-by-at-close-range-heres-how-to-watch-it-live-735789">Earth’s near miss! Mountain-size asteroid to fly-by at close range; here’s how to watch it live</a>

The telescope was kept on the top of Haleakala, which is a dormant volcano on the Hawaiian Island of Maui.&nbsp;

The&nbsp;Canada-France-Hawaii telescope as well as two observatories in Arizona (which are the&nbsp;Kitt Peak National Observatory&nbsp;and&nbsp;Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter) confirmed the asteroid's presence in the Earth’s vicinity.

The asteroid was officially listed by the&nbsp;Minor Planet Center&nbsp;at the International Astronomical Union on April 1. The organisation is responsible for designating new moons, planets as well as other astronomical objects in our solar system.

<h2>How asteroid 2023 FW13 was classified as a 'quasi-moon'?</h2>

The listing of the asteroid came to the attention of journalist and astronomer Adrien Coffinet. He used an orbit simulator to map the path of the asteroid. The orbit simulator was developed by amateur astronomer Tony Dunn.&nbsp;

In the model, 2023 FW13 was seen revolving around the sun at the same time as the Earth does. Since the asteroid circles around our planet hence, Coffinet classified it as a “quasi-moon".

Senior research scientist at the&nbsp;Space Science Institute&nbsp;in Boulder, Colorado Alan Harris emphasised that since the Earth plays an important role in the motion of the asteroid, its classification as a “quasi-satellite” is a little far-fetched.

According to the scientists, 2023 FW13 appears to be the cosmic companion of our planet since at least 100 BCE.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Russian satellite breaks up in space, forces ISS astronauts to shelter

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The asteroid is most likely to follow our planet in its orbit around the sun till around 3,700 CE. “It seems to be the longest quasi-satellite of Earth known to date,” said Coffinet.

The asteroid, even though hovers relatively close to our planet, is unlikely to collide with the Earth.

“The good news is, such an orbit doesn’t result in an impacting trajectory ‘out of the blue,’” said Harris.

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

In a stunning discovery, scientists have spotted an asteroid which is tagging along with Earth in its annual revolution around the Sun. The asteroid, which has been dubbed as 2023 FW13, has been termed a “quasi-moon” or “quasi-satellite" by the experts.

In a stunning discovery, scientists have spotted an asteroid which is tagging along with Earth in its annual revolution around the Sun. The asteroid, which has been dubbed as 2023 FW13, has been termed a “quasi-moon” or “quasi-satellite" by the experts. The asteroid has been classified as a "quasi-moon" because it has been orbiting the sun in a similar time frame as the Earth. However, the asteroid was also impacted by Earth's gravitational pull. Asteroid 2023 FW13 measures nearly 50 feet (15 meters) in diameter and is located at a distance of nearly nine million miles (14 million kilometres) from the Earth. The scientists used the Pan-STARRS survey telescope for spotting the 2023 FW13 on March 28, 2023. Also Read: Earth’s near miss! Mountain-size asteroid to fly-by at close range; here’s how to watch it live The telescope was kept on the top of Haleakala, which is a dormant volcano on the Hawaiian Island of Maui. The Canada-France-Hawaii telescope as well as two observatories in Arizona (which are the Kitt Peak National Observatory and Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter) confirmed the asteroid's presence in the Earth’s vicinity. The asteroid was officially listed by the Minor Planet Center at the International Astronomical Union on April 1. The organisation is responsible for designating new moons, planets as well as other astronomical objects in our solar system. How asteroid 2023 FW13 was classified as a 'quasi-moon'? The listing of the asteroid came to the attention of journalist and astronomer Adrien Coffinet. He used an orbit simulator to map the path of the asteroid. The orbit simulator was developed by amateur astronomer Tony Dunn. In the model, 2023 FW13 was seen revolving around the sun at the same time as the Earth does. Since the asteroid circles around our planet hence, Coffinet classified it as a “quasi-moon". Senior research scientist at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado Alan Harris emphasised that since the Earth plays an important role in the motion of the asteroid, its classification as a “quasi-satellite” is a little far-fetched. According to the scientists, 2023 FW13 appears to be the cosmic companion of our planet since at least 100 BCE. Watch: Russian satellite breaks up in space, forces ISS astronauts to shelter The asteroid is most likely to follow our planet in its orbit around the sun till around 3,700 CE. “It seems to be the longest quasi-satellite of Earth known to date,” said Coffinet. The asteroid, even though hovers relatively close to our planet, is unlikely to collide with the Earth. “The good news is, such an orbit doesn’t result in an impacting trajectory ‘out of the blue,’” said Harris. (With inputs from agencies)

Earth gets another 'moon'. This 'quasi-satellite' to lurk around for thousands of years

Using the powerful Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) telescope, astronomers have gained new insights into how planets form around binary star systems, where two stars orbit a common centre of mass.

The study, presented at the 244th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, focused on two binary systems - F.O Tau and D.F. Tau.

By analysing the disks of gas and dust surrounding these young stars, which are the raw material for planet formation, the researchers uncovered key differences between the two systems that could impact their ability to form planets.

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In the case of F.O Tau, the astronomers found that the circumstellar disks, disks surrounding individual stars, are aligned with the orbit of the binary pair.

Both stars in this system exhibit relatively slow rotational speeds, and their disks remain magnetically locked to their parent stars.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/worlds-first-skull-implanted-epilepsy-device-transforms-uk-boys-life-reduces-daytime-seizures-by-80-percent-734784">Epilepsy device implanted in UK boy’s skull reduces daytime seizures by 80 per cent</a>

This suggested that systems like F.O Tau, with slower stellar rotation and more circular orbits, may be more conducive to the formation of planets around both stars compared to binary systems with faster rotation and elongated orbits.

Previous ALMA observations of other single and binary star systems have revealed intricate substructures within the disks, such as spiral patterns, gaps and ring formations.

<section>
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The findings&nbsp;represented an important step forward in understanding the conditions that can either nurture or inhibit planet formation in binary systems.
</section>

Binary stars are quite common in the universe, with over 50 per cent of stars having a companion.

Planets can form around these systems in either circumstellar orbits (around one star) or circumbinary orbits (around both stars).

Understanding the factors that influence planet formation in these environments is crucial for expanding our knowledge of planetary systems beyond our own solar system.

The Square Kilometer Array (SKA), a next-generation radio telescope currently under construction in South Africa and Australia, is expected to further advance our understanding of planet formation around binary stars when it becomes operational in the coming years.

(With inputs from agencies)

Using the powerful Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) telescope, astronomers have gained new insights into how planets form around binary star systems, where two stars orbit a common centre of mass.

Using the powerful Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) telescope, astronomers have gained new insights into how planets form around binary star systems, where two stars orbit a common centre of mass. The study, presented at the 244th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, focused on two binary systems - F.O Tau and D.F. Tau. By analysing the disks of gas and dust surrounding these young stars, which are the raw material for planet formation, the researchers uncovered key differences between the two systems that could impact their ability to form planets. Also Read | China's Chang’e-6 mission returns to Earth with rare sample from Moon's far side In the case of F.O Tau, the astronomers found that the circumstellar disks, disks surrounding individual stars, are aligned with the orbit of the binary pair. Both stars in this system exhibit relatively slow rotational speeds, and their disks remain magnetically locked to their parent stars. Also Read | Epilepsy device implanted in UK boy’s skull reduces daytime seizures by 80 per cent This suggested that systems like F.O Tau, with slower stellar rotation and more circular orbits, may be more conducive to the formation of planets around both stars compared to binary systems with faster rotation and elongated orbits. Previous ALMA observations of other single and binary star systems have revealed intricate substructures within the disks, such as spiral patterns, gaps and ring formations. Watch | Europe: Airport pollution a health hazard, can living near airport makes you ill? × The findings represented an important step forward in understanding the conditions that can either nurture or inhibit planet formation in binary systems. Binary stars are quite common in the universe, with over 50 per cent of stars having a companion. Planets can form around these systems in either circumstellar orbits (around one star) or circumbinary orbits (around both stars). Understanding the factors that influence planet formation in these environments is crucial for expanding our knowledge of planetary systems beyond our own solar system. The Square Kilometer Array (SKA), a next-generation radio telescope currently under construction in South Africa and Australia, is expected to further advance our understanding of planet formation around binary stars when it becomes operational in the coming years. (With inputs from agencies)

ALMA telescope sheds light on planet formation around binary stars

The Earth's inner core is slowing its rotation. Scientists have revealed the significant change raising questions about its potential impact. Scientists say that Earth's inner core has changed its rotation. This reports tells you more!

Earth's days may be getting little longer: Unveiling the planet's mysteries

An unusual event took place in our cosmic space in the year 1975. The binary star system HM Sagittae (HM Sge) grew 250 times brighter and captured the attention of astronomers across the world.&nbsp;

A supernova's brightness fades away within months or years, however, the brightness of HM Sge had unusually persisted for decades.

The retired Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) and NASA’s&nbsp;Hubble Space Telescope recently observed the enigmatic&nbsp;star system and unveiled the surprising details.

A supernova happens when a gas from its companion is ingested in a white dwarf and causes a sudden increase in brightness.

Symbiotic stars like HM Sge have a&nbsp;white dwarf&nbsp;and a giant companion star which are placed in an eccentric orbit near each other.

Also Read:<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/supernova-hunter-james-webb-spots-most-distant-star-explosion-731106">&nbsp;Supernova hunter James Webb spots most distant star explosion</a>

The gas from the giant star was consumed by the white dwarf in this system. In this process, &nbsp;a hot disk of material was created around the white dwarf.

When the giant star's hydrogen gas accumulates on the surface of the white dwarf, it can reach a critical density and lead to the ignition in a thermonuclear&nbsp;explosion.

Such interactions between the stars give valuable insights into the processes of stellar evolution and the dynamics of binary&nbsp;star systems.

<h2>The 1975 outburst and the transformation&nbsp;</h2>

In 1975, HM Sge’s outburst happened and it transformed from an obscure star to a focal point for astronomers.

“In 1975 HM Sge went from being a nondescript star to something all astronomers in the field were looking at,” emphasised Ravi Sankrit of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI).

The brightness of HM Sge did not diminish rapidly unlike typical novae. For decades, the supernova maintained its luminosity which puzzled scientists.

With the use of the Hubble Telescope and SOFIA, Steven Goldman of STScI, Sankrit as well as the collaborators revisited HM Sge in 2021. The scientists figured that the system had turned hotter but paradoxically dimmer.

Watch:&nbsp;Gravitas: Is China practicing placing payload in space?

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According to Hubble's new ultraviolet (UV)&nbsp;data, a strong emission line of highly ionized magnesium was absent in earlier spectra from 1990.

“When I first saw the new data, I went – ‘wow this is what Hubble UV spectroscopy can do!’ – I mean it’s spectacular, really spectacular,” Sankrit said.&nbsp;

The star, however, became mysteriously dimmer in recent times, which has now left astronomers curious and more puzzled.

(With inputs from agencies)

An unusual event took place in our cosmic space in the year 1975. The binary star system HM Sagittae (HM Sge) grew 250 times brighter and captured the attention of astronomers across the world.

An unusual event took place in our cosmic space in the year 1975. The binary star system HM Sagittae (HM Sge) grew 250 times brighter and captured the attention of astronomers across the world. A supernova's brightness fades away within months or years, however, the brightness of HM Sge had unusually persisted for decades. The retired Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) and NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope recently observed the enigmatic star system and unveiled the surprising details. A supernova happens when a gas from its companion is ingested in a white dwarf and causes a sudden increase in brightness. Symbiotic stars like HM Sge have a white dwarf and a giant companion star which are placed in an eccentric orbit near each other. Also Read: Supernova hunter James Webb spots most distant star explosion The gas from the giant star was consumed by the white dwarf in this system. In this process, a hot disk of material was created around the white dwarf. When the giant star's hydrogen gas accumulates on the surface of the white dwarf, it can reach a critical density and lead to the ignition in a thermonuclear explosion. Such interactions between the stars give valuable insights into the processes of stellar evolution and the dynamics of binary star systems. The 1975 outburst and the transformation In 1975, HM Sge’s outburst happened and it transformed from an obscure star to a focal point for astronomers. “In 1975 HM Sge went from being a nondescript star to something all astronomers in the field were looking at,” emphasised Ravi Sankrit of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). The brightness of HM Sge did not diminish rapidly unlike typical novae. For decades, the supernova maintained its luminosity which puzzled scientists. With the use of the Hubble Telescope and SOFIA, Steven Goldman of STScI, Sankrit as well as the collaborators revisited HM Sge in 2021. The scientists figured that the system had turned hotter but paradoxically dimmer. Watch: Gravitas: Is China practicing placing payload in space? According to Hubble's new ultraviolet (UV) data, a strong emission line of highly ionized magnesium was absent in earlier spectra from 1990. “When I first saw the new data, I went – ‘wow this is what Hubble UV spectroscopy can do!’ – I mean it’s spectacular, really spectacular,” Sankrit said. The star, however, became mysteriously dimmer in recent times, which has now left astronomers curious and more puzzled. (With inputs from agencies)

This supernova remained brilliantly bright 40 years after its explosion

The impossible was made possible by a father and daughter duo when they decoded an 'alien' signal from Mars.

The task which was assigned by various governments to different experts was cracked by the civilians.

The historical task was completed after the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute released an 'alien message'.

&nbsp;The company's project 'A Sign In&nbsp;Space' was a kind of intergalactic piece of 'global theatre'. And the man behind this project was Daniela de Paulis.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-for-first-time-spot-alien-type-creatures-living-in-darkest-depths-of-our-ocean-729947">Scientists for first time spot alien-type creatures living in darkest depths of our ocean</a>

"Throughout history, humanity has searched for meaning in powerful and transformative phenomena. Receiving a message from an extraterrestrial civilisation would be a profoundly transformational experience for all humankind," de Paulis was quoted as saying by media outlets.

"A Sign in Space offers the unprecedented opportunity to tangibly rehearse and prepare for this scenario through global collaboration, fostering an open-ended search for meaning across all cultures and disciplines," he added.

An encoded message was sent by the project from the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter back to Earth in May 2023.

More than a year after it was first released, the 'alien message' was finally encrypted.

<h2>What was found in the decoded signal?</h2>

De Paulis was sent the correct solution of the signal by the father and daughter duo on June 7.

The father and daughter investigated the message with the possibility that it was connected with the computation model known as the cellular automaton. 
&nbsp; 
The pair used the Unity&nbsp;video game&nbsp;engine and placed the 'alien message' through 6,625 transformations to turn the code into something tangible.

Watch: Strongest sign of alien found: The search for life beyond earth

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The two of them found that the signal was an image of five amino&nbsp;acids, all of which were represented by blocks of various pixels. For example, one block presented hydrogen, six for carbon, seven for nitrogen, and eight for oxygen.

Before the code was solved by the father and daughter duo, the message was taken up by three radio astronomy observatories - the Medicina Radio Astronomical Station Observatory, Italy, the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, West Virginia and the SETI Institute’s Allen Telescope Array, California.&nbsp;

Meanwhile, ATA Project Scientist Dr Wael Farah said, “This experiment is an opportunity for the world to learn how the SETI community, in all its diversity, will work together to receive, process, analyse, and understand the meaning of a potential extraterrestrial signal.”

(With inputs from agencies)

The impossible was made possible by a father and daughter duo when they decoded an 'alien' signal from Mars. The task which was assigned by various governments to different experts was cracked by the civilians.

The impossible was made possible by a father and daughter duo when they decoded an 'alien' signal from Mars. The task which was assigned by various governments to different experts was cracked by the civilians. The historical task was completed after the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute released an 'alien message'. The company's project 'A Sign In Space' was a kind of intergalactic piece of 'global theatre'. And the man behind this project was Daniela de Paulis. Also Read: Scientists for first time spot alien-type creatures living in darkest depths of our ocean "Throughout history, humanity has searched for meaning in powerful and transformative phenomena. Receiving a message from an extraterrestrial civilisation would be a profoundly transformational experience for all humankind," de Paulis was quoted as saying by media outlets. "A Sign in Space offers the unprecedented opportunity to tangibly rehearse and prepare for this scenario through global collaboration, fostering an open-ended search for meaning across all cultures and disciplines," he added. An encoded message was sent by the project from the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter back to Earth in May 2023. More than a year after it was first released, the 'alien message' was finally encrypted. What was found in the decoded signal? De Paulis was sent the correct solution of the signal by the father and daughter duo on June 7. The father and daughter investigated the message with the possibility that it was connected with the computation model known as the cellular automaton. The pair used the Unity video game engine and placed the 'alien message' through 6,625 transformations to turn the code into something tangible. Watch: Strongest sign of alien found: The search for life beyond earth The two of them found that the signal was an image of five amino acids, all of which were represented by blocks of various pixels. For example, one block presented hydrogen, six for carbon, seven for nitrogen, and eight for oxygen. Before the code was solved by the father and daughter duo, the message was taken up by three radio astronomy observatories - the Medicina Radio Astronomical Station Observatory, Italy, the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, West Virginia and the SETI Institute’s Allen Telescope Array, California. Meanwhile, ATA Project Scientist Dr Wael Farah said, “This experiment is an opportunity for the world to learn how the SETI community, in all its diversity, will work together to receive, process, analyse, and understand the meaning of a potential extraterrestrial signal.” (With inputs from agencies)

Humans decode an 'alien message' from Mars. Here's what was hidden in the signal

For the first time since 1946, a dim star - which is 3,000 light-years from our&nbsp;solar system - &nbsp;will be visible in the night sky among other constellations and one will be able to see it with naked eyes.

The "Blaze Star", which is officially known as T Coronae Borealis&nbsp;(T CrB), is likely to brighten significantly from magnitude +10 (beyond naked-eye visibility) to magnitude +2 between now and September 2024, as per NASA.

That means its brightness will be similar to Polaris, which is the North Star and is the 48th-brightest star in the night sky.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-to-install-nuclear-powered-ufo-detectors-in-space-to-lure-aliens-to-earth-claims-expert-723913">Scientists to install nuclear-powered UFO detectors in space to lure aliens to Earth, claims&nbsp;expert</a>

The Blaze Star is located in the constellation Corona Borealis, the "Northern Crown", which is between the constellations Hercules and Bootes.

The easiest process of spotting the Corona Borealis is by first locating some of the night sky's brightest stars.

<h2>How can you see the star with naked eyes?</h2>

The star gazers can see the stars of the Big Dipper shining high in the northern sky on a clear night.

When the Big Dipper's handle of stars is traced in a curve to Arcturus, one will observe a bright, reddish star located above the eastern horizon.&nbsp;

This is called the famous "arc to Arcturus" star-hop. In the east-northeast will rise the vega and when one looks between Arcturus and Vega (slightly closer to Arcturus) and tries to spot a faint curl of seven stars, one will observe Corona Borealis.

Watch:&nbsp;Boeing's Starliner launches its first crew to space

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The star will be high overhead after dark. The Blaze Star will become clearly visible before summer&nbsp;ends.&nbsp;

This star is a rare example of a recurrent nova, which in Latin means "new star". This is a binary star system which has a cool, red giant star as well a smaller and hotter white dwarf star - both of which are orbiting each other.&nbsp;

After the passing of every 80 years, the red giant star releases matter on the surface of the white dwarf which leads to an explosion.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

For the first time since 1946, a dim star - which is 3,000 light-years from our solar system - will be visible in the night sky among other constellations and one will be able to see it with naked eyes.

For the first time since 1946, a dim star - which is 3,000 light-years from our solar system - will be visible in the night sky among other constellations and one will be able to see it with naked eyes. The "Blaze Star", which is officially known as T Coronae Borealis (T CrB), is likely to brighten significantly from magnitude +10 (beyond naked-eye visibility) to magnitude +2 between now and September 2024, as per NASA. That means its brightness will be similar to Polaris, which is the North Star and is the 48th-brightest star in the night sky. Also Read: Scientists to install nuclear-powered UFO detectors in space to lure aliens to Earth, claims expert The Blaze Star is located in the constellation Corona Borealis, the "Northern Crown", which is between the constellations Hercules and Bootes. The easiest process of spotting the Corona Borealis is by first locating some of the night sky's brightest stars. How can you see the star with naked eyes? The star gazers can see the stars of the Big Dipper shining high in the northern sky on a clear night. When the Big Dipper's handle of stars is traced in a curve to Arcturus, one will observe a bright, reddish star located above the eastern horizon. This is called the famous "arc to Arcturus" star-hop. In the east-northeast will rise the vega and when one looks between Arcturus and Vega (slightly closer to Arcturus) and tries to spot a faint curl of seven stars, one will observe Corona Borealis. Watch: Boeing's Starliner launches its first crew to space The star will be high overhead after dark. The Blaze Star will become clearly visible before summer ends. This star is a rare example of a recurrent nova, which in Latin means "new star". This is a binary star system which has a cool, red giant star as well a smaller and hotter white dwarf star - both of which are orbiting each other. After the passing of every 80 years, the red giant star releases matter on the surface of the white dwarf which leads to an explosion. (With inputs from agencies)

Night skies to get a 'new star' soon. Here's how you can see Blaze Star with naked eyes

Recent media reports suggested that stargazers would witness a rare celestial event on Monday (June 3), with six planets appearing in alignment.

However, NASA has been quick to debunk these claims and provided a more accurate picture of what to expect in the night sky in June.&nbsp;

The initial reports claimed that Mercury, Mars, Neptune, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus would take part in a "planet parade," a phenomenon where planets align on the same side of the sun.

NASA, in a note titled "Planet Parade," addressed these misconceptions. "Some online sources have shared excitement about a 'parade of planets' visible in the morning sky in early June (June 3 in particular)," NASA stated. "In reality, only two of the six planets supposedly on display (Saturn and Mars) will actually be visible."

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-group-of-mammals-suddenly-disappeared-50000-years-ago-ancient-bone-collagen-might-tell-why-727685">A group of mammals suddenly disappeared 50,000 years ago. Ancient bone collagen might tell why</a>

NASA explained that during "early June, Jupiter and Mercury will be at or below the horizon during morning twilight and therefore not visible to the naked eye."

In addition to this, the space agency also said that Uranus and Neptune are too faint to be seen without a telescope.&nbsp;

"The closest thing to a planet parade will be June 29, when Saturn, the Moon, Mars, and Jupiter will line up across the morning sky. This arrangement persists into July, and we'll talk more about that lineup," NASA added.

<h2>Plenty of other celestial event</h2>

While the anticipated six-planet alignment won't occur, there are still plenty of exciting celestial events to look forward to in June.

Saturn and Mars will be visible in the early morning hours throughout the month, and they will be joined by Jupiter later in June.

On June 2, just before sunrise, Mars will be visible just beneath the crescent Moon, with Saturn nearby. The crescent Moon will sit beneath Mars in the morning twilight on June 3.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/kids-more-likely-to-trust-robots-than-humans-reveals-study-727545">Kids more likely to trust robots than humans, reveals study</a>

The new moon will occur on June 6, and the full moon on June 21.

By the final week of June, Jupiter will become visible low in the east before sunrise. "Look for the bright planet around 10 degrees above the horizon this final week of June, forming a line with Mars and Saturn that stretches toward the south," as per the space agency.&nbsp;

Watch | Satellite to study how clouds affect climate

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On June 27, the Moon will rise in the east with Saturn around midnight, and by dawn, they will be high in the southern sky. They will appear close enough to be seen together through binoculars.

(With inputs from agencies)

Recent media reports suggested that stargazers would witness a rare celestial event on Monday (June 3), with six planets appearing in alignment. However, NASA has been quick to debunk these claims and provided a more accurate picture of what to expect in the night sky in June.

Recent media reports suggested that stargazers would witness a rare celestial event on Monday (June 3), with six planets appearing in alignment. However, NASA has been quick to debunk these claims and provided a more accurate picture of what to expect in the night sky in June. The initial reports claimed that Mercury, Mars, Neptune, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus would take part in a "planet parade," a phenomenon where planets align on the same side of the sun. NASA, in a note titled "Planet Parade," addressed these misconceptions. "Some online sources have shared excitement about a 'parade of planets' visible in the morning sky in early June (June 3 in particular)," NASA stated. "In reality, only two of the six planets supposedly on display (Saturn and Mars) will actually be visible." Also Read | A group of mammals suddenly disappeared 50,000 years ago. Ancient bone collagen might tell why NASA explained that during "early June, Jupiter and Mercury will be at or below the horizon during morning twilight and therefore not visible to the naked eye." In addition to this, the space agency also said that Uranus and Neptune are too faint to be seen without a telescope. "The closest thing to a planet parade will be June 29, when Saturn, the Moon, Mars, and Jupiter will line up across the morning sky. This arrangement persists into July, and we'll talk more about that lineup," NASA added. Plenty of other celestial event While the anticipated six-planet alignment won't occur, there are still plenty of exciting celestial events to look forward to in June. Saturn and Mars will be visible in the early morning hours throughout the month, and they will be joined by Jupiter later in June. On June 2, just before sunrise, Mars will be visible just beneath the crescent Moon, with Saturn nearby. The crescent Moon will sit beneath Mars in the morning twilight on June 3. Also Read | Kids more likely to trust robots than humans, reveals study The new moon will occur on June 6, and the full moon on June 21. By the final week of June, Jupiter will become visible low in the east before sunrise. "Look for the bright planet around 10 degrees above the horizon this final week of June, forming a line with Mars and Saturn that stretches toward the south," as per the space agency. Watch | Satellite to study how clouds affect climate × On June 27, the Moon will rise in the east with Saturn around midnight, and by dawn, they will be high in the southern sky. They will appear close enough to be seen together through binoculars. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA debunks reports of ‘planetary parade’, gives list of celestial events for June

The scientists, while analysing data which was collected nearly 30 years ago on Venus, have concluded that the volcanoes are likely to be active currently on the planet.

The scientists, while analysing data which was collected nearly 30 years ago on Venus, have concluded that the volcanoes are likely to be active currently on the planet. A research group, which was headed by David Sulcanese of the Universita d'Annunzio in Pescara, Italy, used data collected from radar mapping of the surface of the Earth's twin sister in the 1990s when the experts were searching for volcanic lava flows and found their presence in two regions. The latest discovery has hinted that volcanic activity taking place currently on Venus may be more widespread than believed. Also Read: Skygazers assemble! Six planets are set to align in spectacular view for 'planet parade' in June The work was published in the journal Nature Astronomy. Venus, which is also known as "Earth's twin sister", has a CO2-dominated atmosphere which leads to a massive greenhouse effect and bakes the planet's surface at around 465°C (870°F). According to scientists, the surface of Venus was very similar to that of Earth billions of years ago. The presence of liquid water, the brightening sun and volcanic activity increased the planet's temperatures and led to evaporation of all water from the planet, creating a runaway greenhouse effect. Currently, Venus is broiling hot and appears dead as dense clouds of sulfuric acid surround it. Venus likely to witness 42 volcanic eruptions a year: study Scientists, while studying a host of other possibilities, said their "best interpretation" of the observation is that the planet's surface scattering properties like its roughness and composition went through a change between the first cycle of scans and the third cycle, which spanned across nearly 16 months. "Our study covered only about 16% of Venus's surface due to the limitation of comparing images from just the two left-look cycles," stated lead author Sulcanese, who has been employed at his university's International Research School of Planetary Sciences. "Therefore, it is likely that more evidence of this nature exists on Venus," he added. Watch: Gravitas: Most promising indication of life on another planet found The observations have also supported earlier work that had inferred the current volcanic activity on Venus from indirect evidence like changes in a region's thermal emissivity data, variations in the atmosphere's sulfuric acid and morphological analysis of volcanic-like surface features. It was also discovered by scientists that Venus is likely to face nearly 42 volcanic eruptions every year and around 20 eruptions will last more than 1,000 Earth days. (With inputs from agencies)

Volcanoes have turned alive on Venus. Is an eruption underway on Earth's 'twin sister'?

Scientists have found rocky planets outside of our solar system that contain an atmosphere, which is a&nbsp;necessary condition&nbsp;for any chance of sustaining life. However, this planet&nbsp;appears to have a molten rock surface and is inhabitable.

Scientists describe the planet as a "super-Earth," larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. This planet circles a star that is dimmer and smaller than our sun. It completes its orbit in around 18 hours.

The existence of the large hostile planet was revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope's infrared scans with two sensors.

"The atmosphere is likely rich in carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, but can also have other gases such as water vapor and sulfur dioxide. The current observations cannot pinpoint the exact atmospheric composition," said planetary scientist Renyu Hu, the lead author of the study published in the journal Nature.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://wionews.com/science/water-world-lava-hell-former-nasa-scientist-hints-at-planets-where-alien-life-may-exist-719735">Water world, lava hell: Former NASA scientist hints at planets where alien life may exist</a>

The atmosphere's thickness was not evident from the Webb data. Hu said that it may be just as thick as Earth's or even thicker.

The planet known as Janssen, or 55 Cancri e, has a diameter of around twice that of Earth and is roughly 8.8 times more massive than Earth. It circles its star at a distance one-fifth that of Mercury. Consequently, the temperature at its surface is around 3,140 degrees Fahrenheit (1,725 degrees Celsius/2,000 degrees Kelvin).

"Indeed, this is one of the hottest-known rocky exoplanets," said astrophysicist and study co-author Brice-Olivier Demory. "There are likely better places for a vacation spot in our galaxy," he added.

The planet is situated in the constellation Cancer, approximately 41 light-years from Earth, within our Milky Way galaxy. &nbsp;

"On Earth, the atmosphere is key for life," Demory said.

"This result on 55 Cnc e entertains the hope that Webb could conduct similar investigations on planets that are much cooler than 55 Cnc e, which could support liquid water at their surface. But we are not there yet," he added.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists have found rocky planets outside of our solar system that contain an atmosphere, which is a necessary condition for any chance of sustaining life. However, this planet appears to have a molten rock surface and is inhabitable.

Scientists have found rocky planets outside of our solar system that contain an atmosphere, which is a necessary condition for any chance of sustaining life. However, this planet appears to have a molten rock surface and is inhabitable. Scientists describe the planet as a "super-Earth," larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. This planet circles a star that is dimmer and smaller than our sun. It completes its orbit in around 18 hours. The existence of the large hostile planet was revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope's infrared scans with two sensors. "The atmosphere is likely rich in carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, but can also have other gases such as water vapor and sulfur dioxide. The current observations cannot pinpoint the exact atmospheric composition," said planetary scientist Renyu Hu, the lead author of the study published in the journal Nature. Also read: Water world, lava hell: Former NASA scientist hints at planets where alien life may exist The atmosphere's thickness was not evident from the Webb data. Hu said that it may be just as thick as Earth's or even thicker. The planet known as Janssen, or 55 Cancri e, has a diameter of around twice that of Earth and is roughly 8.8 times more massive than Earth. It circles its star at a distance one-fifth that of Mercury. Consequently, the temperature at its surface is around 3,140 degrees Fahrenheit (1,725 degrees Celsius/2,000 degrees Kelvin). "Indeed, this is one of the hottest-known rocky exoplanets," said astrophysicist and study co-author Brice-Olivier Demory. "There are likely better places for a vacation spot in our galaxy," he added. The planet is situated in the constellation Cancer, approximately 41 light-years from Earth, within our Milky Way galaxy. "On Earth, the atmosphere is key for life," Demory said. "This result on 55 Cnc e entertains the hope that Webb could conduct similar investigations on planets that are much cooler than 55 Cnc e, which could support liquid water at their surface. But we are not there yet," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

'Super-Earth' with atmosphere discovered outside solar system - Is it habitable?

The James Webb space telescope, which is the most powerful space telescope ever built, has discovered what is being hailed as the “strongest, most promising sign” of life on another planet. Nasa now plans to embark on a new mission to study this exciting sign of alien life found on the exoplanet k2-18b planet which is '124 light-years away'. Watch this report to know how Phytoplanktons found in our oceans is guiding the search for extraterrestrial life.

Gravitas: Most promising indication of life on another planet found

And today is Earth Day observed on the 22nd of April each year. This day highlights the importance of protecting the environment. Watch to know more!

World marks 54th earth day: Planet vs Plastic

In the search for a mysterious planet in our solar system, scientists have now discovered more evidence that hints at the existence of "Planet Nine" or "Planet X" in our solar system.

For years, astronomers have been on the lookout for the mysterious planet in our solar system.

However, as per a recent study, "a new line of evidence supporting the existence" of the planet suggests that it is likely to be orbiting beyond the planet Neptune around the Sun.

The undiscovered planet will help explain the unusual orbits of a series of objects which are present on the edge of our solar system, reported The Independent.

In the&nbsp;new study, astronomer Konstantin Batygin and his team wrote about their findings.&nbsp;

The study focuses on a "more conventional class" of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), which means any minor planet which orbits the sun at a greater average distance than Neptune.&nbsp;

The study has also studied the objects which have crossed Neptune and how the orbits were affected, while considering the passing stars and the Galactic tide, according to the outlet.&nbsp;

"The solar system’s distant reaches exhibit a wealth of anomalous dynamical structure, hinting at the presence of a yet-undetected, massive trans-Neptunian body — Planet 9," states the study.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/crushed-and-grounded-to-dust-a-violent-end-awaits-our-solar-system-709327">A violent end awaits our solar system as all planets will be 'crushed' to dust one day</a>

"Previous analyses have shown how orbital evolution induced by this object can explain the origins of a broad assortment of exotic orbits, ranging from those characterized by high perihelia to those with extreme inclinations," the study added.

Elsewhere in the study, it is stated&nbsp;that the team's "calculations show that the distribution of the observed orbits strongly supports the presence of the unseen planet."

<h2>Scientists hope to soon discover mysterious planets&nbsp;</h2>

Even though the planet has not been discovered&nbsp;yet, the team has been hoping to make a breakthrough discovery with the help of the Vera C Rubin Observatory which is under construction in Chile currently.

"With an 8.4-metre&nbsp;mirror and the largest camera ever built for astronomy and astrophysics, Vera C. Rubin Observatory will capture the cosmos in exquisite detail and help answer some of our biggest questions about the Universe," confirmed the observatory's website.

Watch:&nbsp;Calls to make Pluto a planet again

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“This upcoming phase of exploration promises to provide critical insights into the mysteries of our solar system’s outer reaches,” said Batygin and his team, in the study.

The study was conducted by scientist Michael E. Brown who spoke about where Planet Nine is likely to be.

"We have ruled out most of the places where the planet could be," said the astronomer, while speaking to Live Science. "Now we have to do the much harder job of searching the area that is further away," he added.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

In the search for a mysterious planet in our solar system, scientists have now discovered more evidence that hints at the existence of "Planet Nine" or "Planet X" in our solar system.

In the search for a mysterious planet in our solar system, scientists have now discovered more evidence that hints at the existence of "Planet Nine" or "Planet X" in our solar system. For years, astronomers have been on the lookout for the mysterious planet in our solar system. However, as per a recent study, "a new line of evidence supporting the existence" of the planet suggests that it is likely to be orbiting beyond the planet Neptune around the Sun. The undiscovered planet will help explain the unusual orbits of a series of objects which are present on the edge of our solar system, reported The Independent. In the new study, astronomer Konstantin Batygin and his team wrote about their findings. The study focuses on a "more conventional class" of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), which means any minor planet which orbits the sun at a greater average distance than Neptune. The study has also studied the objects which have crossed Neptune and how the orbits were affected, while considering the passing stars and the Galactic tide, according to the outlet. "The solar system’s distant reaches exhibit a wealth of anomalous dynamical structure, hinting at the presence of a yet-undetected, massive trans-Neptunian body — Planet 9," states the study. Also Read: A violent end awaits our solar system as all planets will be 'crushed' to dust one day "Previous analyses have shown how orbital evolution induced by this object can explain the origins of a broad assortment of exotic orbits, ranging from those characterized by high perihelia to those with extreme inclinations," the study added. Elsewhere in the study, it is stated that the team's "calculations show that the distribution of the observed orbits strongly supports the presence of the unseen planet." Scientists hope to soon discover mysterious planets Even though the planet has not been discovered yet, the team has been hoping to make a breakthrough discovery with the help of the Vera C Rubin Observatory which is under construction in Chile currently. "With an 8.4-metre mirror and the largest camera ever built for astronomy and astrophysics, Vera C. Rubin Observatory will capture the cosmos in exquisite detail and help answer some of our biggest questions about the Universe," confirmed the observatory's website. Watch: Calls to make Pluto a planet again “This upcoming phase of exploration promises to provide critical insights into the mysteries of our solar system’s outer reaches,” said Batygin and his team, in the study. The study was conducted by scientist Michael E. Brown who spoke about where Planet Nine is likely to be. "We have ruled out most of the places where the planet could be," said the astronomer, while speaking to Live Science. "Now we have to do the much harder job of searching the area that is further away," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

A ninth planet? Scientists are convinced that our solar system might be hosting a 'Planet X'

World marks 54th Earth Day: A call to action against climate change

World marks 54th earth day: Earth Day emphasises on the importance of conservation

As we celebrate Earth Day, we turn our focus to the economics of sustainability. For years, eco-friendly products have been flying off the shelves. But what about sustainability itself? It's not just a trend, it's the key to our future. Take a look at this report for more...

Sustainable Business: Firms look to meet demand for eco-friendly products

The search for extraterrestrial life in our universe has spanned several years and theories. While we may have not found signs of life yet, that hasn't stopped human being's thirst to know if someone is out there. Scientists have been coming up with different ideas and theories to learn about the existence of aliens.

The scientists instead of changing where they are looking for potential alien life, are altering what exactly they are searching for.

A new theory has been proposed by a pair of astronomers on the basis of panspermia, according to which life can begin on one planet and then travel to another planet through meteorites.&nbsp;

The theory is based on "panspermia", which is a fringe theory that suggests all life forms can go from one planet to another by ‘hitching rides’ on meteors.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/alien-life-may-be-hiding-in-purple-hue-of-universe-scientists-712945">Alien life may be hiding in purple hue of universe: Scientists</a>

The latest research has been put forward by astronomers Harrison B. Smith and Lana Sinapayen and has not been peer-reviewed. This research suggests the possibility of panspermia, however, the implications are huge.

The theory of panspermia will help scientists narrow down their search for alien life. This is important as till now more than 5,000 exoplanets have been identified by NASA where there are chances of presence of life and looking at each individually will take years and years.&nbsp;

Scientists have till now not figured out in what form life may exist in the universe beyond Earth and if Earth is truly the only planet that supports life.&nbsp;

<h2>Aliens travelling on meteorites to make changes on other planets: Study</h2>

Similar to how the conditions on Earth have been altered by life on the planet and in the atmosphere of our planet, which includes adding more oxygen, the aliens are likely to have altered the properties of an exoplanet.&nbsp;

As per the researchers, if the aliens can travel as per panspermia, then they are likely to try to make similar changes on every planet they travel to.

Watch:&nbsp;Are researchers using the CERN particle accelerator to find aliens?

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As per the new study, if alien life is searched in this way, it can mean that experts will be able to potentially find clusters of planets close to each other with similar characteristics and this can be an indicator of potential life.

This finding comes at a time when new research has emerged according to which bacteria filled with purple pigments are likely to be hosting extraterrestrial life.&nbsp;&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The search for extraterrestrial life in our universe has spanned several years and theories. While we may have not found signs of life yet, that hasn't stopped human being's thirst to know if someone is out there.

The search for extraterrestrial life in our universe has spanned several years and theories. While we may have not found signs of life yet, that hasn't stopped human being's thirst to know if someone is out there. Scientists have been coming up with different ideas and theories to learn about the existence of aliens. The scientists instead of changing where they are looking for potential alien life, are altering what exactly they are searching for. A new theory has been proposed by a pair of astronomers on the basis of panspermia, according to which life can begin on one planet and then travel to another planet through meteorites. The theory is based on "panspermia", which is a fringe theory that suggests all life forms can go from one planet to another by ‘hitching rides’ on meteors. Also Read: Alien life may be hiding in purple hue of universe: Scientists The latest research has been put forward by astronomers Harrison B. Smith and Lana Sinapayen and has not been peer-reviewed. This research suggests the possibility of panspermia, however, the implications are huge. The theory of panspermia will help scientists narrow down their search for alien life. This is important as till now more than 5,000 exoplanets have been identified by NASA where there are chances of presence of life and looking at each individually will take years and years. Scientists have till now not figured out in what form life may exist in the universe beyond Earth and if Earth is truly the only planet that supports life. Aliens travelling on meteorites to make changes on other planets: Study Similar to how the conditions on Earth have been altered by life on the planet and in the atmosphere of our planet, which includes adding more oxygen, the aliens are likely to have altered the properties of an exoplanet. As per the researchers, if the aliens can travel as per panspermia, then they are likely to try to make similar changes on every planet they travel to. Watch: Are researchers using the CERN particle accelerator to find aliens? As per the new study, if alien life is searched in this way, it can mean that experts will be able to potentially find clusters of planets close to each other with similar characteristics and this can be an indicator of potential life. This finding comes at a time when new research has emerged according to which bacteria filled with purple pigments are likely to be hosting extraterrestrial life. (With inputs from agencies)

Aliens may be travelling from one planet to another via meteorites: Study

Venus is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" because of their similar size and composition, but they have some differences. Earth has abundant liquid water on its surface while Venus does not. This is because Venus is leaking.&nbsp;

The surface temperature on Venus is extremely high, reaching about 900 degrees Fahrenheit (about 475 degrees Celsius). It has a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide and other gases which makes it impossible for liquid water to exist.

However, there is evidence to suggest that Venus may have had liquid water in its distant past.

New findings from the 2021 BepiColombo mission, a joint mission between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) with the goal of exploring the planet Mercury, revealed that gases, including oxygen, are escaping from Venus's upper atmosphere. Published in the Nature Astronomy journal, the study underscored the importance of understanding Venus's atmospheric evolution.

Venus lacks a strong magnetic field like Earth's. Its upper atmosphere is exposed to the solar wind and a stream of charged particles emitted by the Sun.&nbsp;

This interaction between the solar wind and the upper atmosphere of Venus can lead to the escape of ions, particularly hydrogen and oxygen ions, into space. These ions are stripped away from the planet's atmosphere by the solar wind.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gravitational-waves-detect-collision-of-neutron-star-with-a-mysterious-object-in-mass-gap-710785">Gravitational waves detect collision of neutron star with a mysterious object in 'mass gap'</a>

This process, known as atmospheric escape, contributes to the gradual loss of atmosphere from Venus over time.

Understanding the mechanisms of atmospheric escape on Venus can provide understanding into its evolution and the conditions that may have led to its current state.&nbsp;

<h2>Fly-by of Venus&nbsp;</h2>

During its fly-by of Venus, BepiColombo data, collected over 90 minutes, provided these insights into the chemical and physical mechanisms at play in Venus's magnetosheath. Venus lacks an intrinsic magnetic field but possesses an induced magnetosphere due to solar winds, shaping its magnetosheath.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-unearths-practice-of-women-sacrifices-across-europe-in-stone-age-710733">Study unearths practice of women sacrifices across Europe during Stone Age</a>

The study, utilising BepiColombo's Mass Spectrum Analyser and Mercury Ion Analyser, emphasises Venus's divergent evolution from Earth, leading to its extremely dry atmosphere.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chatgpt-to-go-mainstream-710787">ChatGPT to go mainstream?</a>

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"Therefore, studying and characterising the present escape of ions from Venus is important for understanding the evolution of its atmosphere, and in particular, the evolution of water on the surface of the planet. Such studies may also provide insights into the general climate and habitability evolution of terrestrial planets and exoplanetary systems," according to the study.

(With inputs from agencies)

Venus is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" because of their similar size and composition, but they have some differences. Earth has abundant liquid water on its surface while Venus does not.

Venus is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" because of their similar size and composition, but they have some differences. Earth has abundant liquid water on its surface while Venus does not. This is because Venus is leaking. The surface temperature on Venus is extremely high, reaching about 900 degrees Fahrenheit (about 475 degrees Celsius). It has a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide and other gases which makes it impossible for liquid water to exist. However, there is evidence to suggest that Venus may have had liquid water in its distant past. New findings from the 2021 BepiColombo mission, a joint mission between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) with the goal of exploring the planet Mercury, revealed that gases, including oxygen, are escaping from Venus's upper atmosphere. Published in the Nature Astronomy journal, the study underscored the importance of understanding Venus's atmospheric evolution. Venus lacks a strong magnetic field like Earth's. Its upper atmosphere is exposed to the solar wind and a stream of charged particles emitted by the Sun. This interaction between the solar wind and the upper atmosphere of Venus can lead to the escape of ions, particularly hydrogen and oxygen ions, into space. These ions are stripped away from the planet's atmosphere by the solar wind. Also Read | Gravitational waves detect collision of neutron star with a mysterious object in 'mass gap' This process, known as atmospheric escape, contributes to the gradual loss of atmosphere from Venus over time. Understanding the mechanisms of atmospheric escape on Venus can provide understanding into its evolution and the conditions that may have led to its current state. Fly-by of Venus During its fly-by of Venus, BepiColombo data, collected over 90 minutes, provided these insights into the chemical and physical mechanisms at play in Venus's magnetosheath. Venus lacks an intrinsic magnetic field but possesses an induced magnetosphere due to solar winds, shaping its magnetosheath. Also Read | Study unearths practice of women sacrifices across Europe during Stone Age The study, utilising BepiColombo's Mass Spectrum Analyser and Mercury Ion Analyser, emphasises Venus's divergent evolution from Earth, leading to its extremely dry atmosphere. Watch | ChatGPT to go mainstream? × "Therefore, studying and characterising the present escape of ions from Venus is important for understanding the evolution of its atmosphere, and in particular, the evolution of water on the surface of the planet. Such studies may also provide insights into the general climate and habitability evolution of terrestrial planets and exoplanetary systems," according to the study. (With inputs from agencies)

Did you know Venus is leaking?  BepiColombo mission finds out why ...

United States Representative Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas, told a group of high school students in Houston that the Moon is a "planet" that is "made up mostly of gases.

United States Representative Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas, told a group of high school students in Houston that the Moon is a "planet" that is "made up mostly of gases." While addressing the Booker T Washington High School students on the sports field ahead of Monday's solar eclipse, Jackson Lee said, "You've heard the word 'full moon.' Sometimes, you need to take the opportunity just to come out and see a full moon is that complete-rounded circle, which is made up mostly of gases. And that's why the question is: Why or how could we as humans live on the Moon? Are the gases such that we could do that?" She made several false statements that shocked the teenagers, Fox News reported. She added, "The Sun is a mighty powerful heat, but it's almost impossible to go near the sun. The Moon is more manageable." In another statement, Jackson Lee misinformed the students about solar eclipses. She said, "What you will see today will be the closest distance that the Moon has ever been in the last 20 years, which means that's why they will shut the light down because they will be close to the Earth, which is an amazing experience. You will be able to tell because there will be complete darkness." She posted the video clip of her speech on her X account. ALSO READ | World's oldest human is 124 years old and currently lives in Peru, claim Peruvian authorities As the students moved to the sports field to watch the astronomical spectacle, Jackson Lee struggled to put the eclipse glasses on her face. She also expressed the desire to be one of the first people to live and survive on the Moon. On Tuesday, the US representative turned to X after RNC Research shared her video. She wrote, "Obviously, I misspoke and meant to say the sun, but as usual, Republicans are focused on stupid things instead of stuff that really matters. What can I say though, foolish thinkers lust for stupidity." Jackson Lee said Republicans should focus on prenatal care, affordable housing and reducing student loan debt. "Also, I care more about these children who would not have experienced the eclipse in this enthusiastic manner," she added. "And I care more about protecting the rights of women and children than engaging in this kind of senseless dialogue." (With inputs from agencies)

US Rep Sheila Jackson Lee calls the Moon a ‘planet made up mostly of gases’

Discovered in 1930 Pluto was long considered our Solar System's ninth planet but then in 2006 the International Astronomical Union categorized it as a dwarf planet due to its tiny size. Our next report tells you how there is now a call to restore Pluto to its original status of a bonafide planet.

Calls to make Pluto a planet again

Arizona, situated in the southwestern United States, has officially designated Pluto as its "state planet," despite the International Astronomical Union's decision in 2006 to reclassify Pluto as a "dwarf planet," and removing its status as an official planet.

According to The Arizona Daily Star, on March 29, Arizona governor Katie Hobbs signed a bill designating the "dwarf planet" Pluto as the "official state planet" of Arizona. When asked about Pluto's classification as a full-fledged planet, Governor Hobbs evaded the question, expressing pride in Arizona's contributions to space exploration instead.

It's worth noting that American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovered Pluto at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, in 1930. Notably, Pluto is the only planet to have been discovered in the United States.

“The whole story of Clyde is just amazing, just sitting there under the telescope’’ looking for planets by taking photos over a period of time," said Arizona state Republican Justin Wilmeth (R-Phoenix), who praised the Pluto legislation.

Senator Sally Ann&nbsp;<a name="_Hlk162875205">Gonzales</a>&nbsp;(D-Tucson)--one among the five senators who voted against the legislation--said, “Scientifically, they took it out of being a planet." Gonzales added that lawmakers must take scientific information into account, “something that we as a Legislature, as a body, sometimes omit.’’

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/charon-plutos-planetary-bestie-goes-viral-as-nasa-shares-stunning-snapshot-703738">Also read |&nbsp;Charon, Pluto’s planetary bestie goes viral as NASA shares stunning snapshot</a>

<h2>What is the status of Pluto?</h2>

In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided to reclassify Pluto, removing it from the category of planets. They argued that the distant icy object at the outer reaches of the solar system did not meet the complete and precise criteria required for classification as a planet. Consequently, the IAU designated Pluto as a "dwarf planet."

According to NASA, “Pluto is a dwarf planet located in a distant region of our solar system beyond Neptune known as the Kuiper Belt. It was long considered our ninth planet, but the International Astronomical Union reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006."

“It was named by 11-year-old Venetia Burney of Oxford, England," the US space agency added.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-have-found-another-ice-volcano-on-pluto-654700">Also read |&nbsp;Scientists have found another ice-volcano on Pluto</a>

According to Encyclopedia Britannica, Pluto is categorised as a dwarf planet because, although it has achieved a spherical shape, it lacks the necessary size to assert gravitational dominance and clear its orbital path of other celestial bodies.

(With inputs from agencies)

Arizona, situated in the southwestern United States, has officially designated Pluto as its "state planet," despite the International Astronomical Union's decision in 2006 to reclassify Pluto as a "dwarf planet," and removing its status as an official planet.

Arizona, situated in the southwestern United States, has officially designated Pluto as its "state planet," despite the International Astronomical Union's decision in 2006 to reclassify Pluto as a "dwarf planet," and removing its status as an official planet. According to The Arizona Daily Star, on March 29, Arizona governor Katie Hobbs signed a bill designating the "dwarf planet" Pluto as the "official state planet" of Arizona. When asked about Pluto's classification as a full-fledged planet, Governor Hobbs evaded the question, expressing pride in Arizona's contributions to space exploration instead. It's worth noting that American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovered Pluto at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, in 1930. Notably, Pluto is the only planet to have been discovered in the United States. “The whole story of Clyde is just amazing, just sitting there under the telescope’’ looking for planets by taking photos over a period of time," said Arizona state Republican Justin Wilmeth (R-Phoenix), who praised the Pluto legislation. Senator Sally Ann Gonzales (D-Tucson)--one among the five senators who voted against the legislation--said, “Scientifically, they took it out of being a planet." Gonzales added that lawmakers must take scientific information into account, “something that we as a Legislature, as a body, sometimes omit.’’ Also read | Charon, Pluto’s planetary bestie goes viral as NASA shares stunning snapshot What is the status of Pluto? In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided to reclassify Pluto, removing it from the category of planets. They argued that the distant icy object at the outer reaches of the solar system did not meet the complete and precise criteria required for classification as a planet. Consequently, the IAU designated Pluto as a "dwarf planet." According to NASA, “Pluto is a dwarf planet located in a distant region of our solar system beyond Neptune known as the Kuiper Belt. It was long considered our ninth planet, but the International Astronomical Union reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006." “It was named by 11-year-old Venetia Burney of Oxford, England," the US space agency added. Also read | Scientists have found another ice-volcano on Pluto According to Encyclopedia Britannica, Pluto is categorised as a dwarf planet because, although it has achieved a spherical shape, it lacks the necessary size to assert gravitational dominance and clear its orbital path of other celestial bodies. (With inputs from agencies)

This US state has declared Pluto as its ‘official state planet’

Scientists, in a new experiment, have found that if the living organisms are hosted by Venus in its toxic clouds, they won't be deprived of amino acids, which is an&nbsp;important building block&nbsp;of life.

Venus, which is a "twin planet" of Earth, has a high temperature which goes beyond hundreds of degrees and is covered by clouds of corrosive sulfuric acid. This acid is a colourless, carcinogenic liquid which erodes the teeth, irritates our eyes, throats and nose and dissolves metals.

Even though the rocky planet is not seen as a habitable system for living organisms, scientists suggest that if any life may have emerged in the hellish environment of Venus, it can be found wafting in its noxious clouds.&nbsp;

These clouds have a cooler temperature compared to the surface of the planet and can support some types of extreme lifeforms.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/water-plumes-collected-from-jupiters-moon-europa-may-bear-signs-of-alien-life-703701">Water plumes collected from Jupiter’s moon Europa may bear signs of alien life</a>

In the new experiment, which was carried out on those lines by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), it was found that there was the existence of 19 amino acids for at least a month in a sulfuric acid solution, which included some water. &nbsp;

The sulfuric acid concentration of the solution was similar to the contents in Venusian clouds. In the results, it was found that sulfuric acid is not universally hostile to organic chemistry which is present on the Earth. It also suggested that Venusian clouds can host at least some of these complex molecules.&nbsp;

<h2>Life on Venus not same as Earth: scientists</h2>

In a statement, Sara Seager, an astrophysicist and planetary scientist at MIT and co-author of the new study said, "It doesn't mean that life there will be the same as here. In fact, we know it can't be."

"But this work advances the notion that Venus' clouds could support complex chemicals needed for life," he added.

MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences (EAPS) study co-author Janusz Petkowski said, "People have this perception that concentrated sulfuric acid is an extremely aggressive solvent that will chop everything to pieces. But we are finding this is not necessarily true."&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;UN 'red alert' for planet earth | Flash floods wreak havoc in Iraqi city

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The experiment came to an end four weeks ago because there were no further signs of activity.

Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts' undergraduate student Maxwell Seager, who was leading the study, said, "Just showing that this backbone is stable in sulfuric acid doesn't mean there is life on Venus. But if we had shown that this backbone was compromised, then there would be no chance of life as we know it."&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists, in a new experiment, have found that if the living organisms are hosted by Venus in its toxic clouds, they won't be deprived of amino acids, which is an important building block of life.

Scientists, in a new experiment, have found that if the living organisms are hosted by Venus in its toxic clouds, they won't be deprived of amino acids, which is an important building block of life. Venus, which is a "twin planet" of Earth, has a high temperature which goes beyond hundreds of degrees and is covered by clouds of corrosive sulfuric acid. This acid is a colourless, carcinogenic liquid which erodes the teeth, irritates our eyes, throats and nose and dissolves metals. Even though the rocky planet is not seen as a habitable system for living organisms, scientists suggest that if any life may have emerged in the hellish environment of Venus, it can be found wafting in its noxious clouds. These clouds have a cooler temperature compared to the surface of the planet and can support some types of extreme lifeforms. Also Read: Water plumes collected from Jupiter’s moon Europa may bear signs of alien life In the new experiment, which was carried out on those lines by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), it was found that there was the existence of 19 amino acids for at least a month in a sulfuric acid solution, which included some water. The sulfuric acid concentration of the solution was similar to the contents in Venusian clouds. In the results, it was found that sulfuric acid is not universally hostile to organic chemistry which is present on the Earth. It also suggested that Venusian clouds can host at least some of these complex molecules. Life on Venus not same as Earth: scientists In a statement, Sara Seager, an astrophysicist and planetary scientist at MIT and co-author of the new study said, "It doesn't mean that life there will be the same as here. In fact, we know it can't be." "But this work advances the notion that Venus' clouds could support complex chemicals needed for life," he added. MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences (EAPS) study co-author Janusz Petkowski said, "People have this perception that concentrated sulfuric acid is an extremely aggressive solvent that will chop everything to pieces. But we are finding this is not necessarily true." Watch: UN 'red alert' for planet earth | Flash floods wreak havoc in Iraqi city The experiment came to an end four weeks ago because there were no further signs of activity. Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts' undergraduate student Maxwell Seager, who was leading the study, said, "Just showing that this backbone is stable in sulfuric acid doesn't mean there is life on Venus. But if we had shown that this backbone was compromised, then there would be no chance of life as we know it." (With inputs from agencies)

Aliens on Venus? A new experiment suggests planet can host lives in a toxic cloud

Scientists in new research found a piece of rock which is likely to hold the answers to the mysteries of our planet and tell the world about its uniqueness. The researchers stumbled upon a part of the Earth’s crust which is likely to have been hidden for more than 3 billion years in Northern Europe’s oldest mountains in Finland.

Scientists in new research found a piece of rock which is likely to hold the answers to the mysteries of our planet and tell the world about its uniqueness. The researchers stumbled upon a part of the Earth’s crust which is likely to have been hidden for more than 3 billion years in Northern Europe’s oldest mountains in Finland. The discovery emphasises the formation of the continent and even suggests that the birth of Denmark and Scandinavia actually took place some 3.75 billion years ago in Greenland. “Our data suggest that the oldest part of Earth’s crust beneath Scandinavia originates in Greenland and is about 250 million years older than we previously thought,” said Professor Tod Waight, who is a geologist at the University of Copenhagen, in a statement. The traces of the ancient crust were first found in the mineral zircon by Waight and his colleagues and then its chemical fingerprint matched with some of the oldest rocks on the planet which were found in West Greenland. “The zircon crystals we found in river sand and rocks from Finland have signatures that point towards them being much older than anything ever found in Scandinavia while matching the age of Greenlandic rock sample,” said researcher Andreas Petersson, who was part of the study. “At the same time, the results of three independent isotope analyses confirm that Scandinavia’s bedrock was most likely linked to Greenland," he added. Also Read: Delving deep: Earth's crust holds more water than its ice caps, reveals study Norway, Finland, Sweden and Denmark sit above a section of the Earth’s crust which is called the Fennoscandian Shield, or the Baltic Shield. According to the scientists, this shield got detached from Greenland as a “seed” and moved for hundreds of millions of years till it “took root” where Finland exists today. The plate continued to develop here as new geological material accumulated near it and it slowly became Scandinavia. Earth existed like a watery planet when the crust got detached: Study The study emphasises that when the crust got detached from Greenland, the planet was very different from what it looks now. “Earth was probably a watery planet, like in the movie Waterworld, but without any oxygen in the atmosphere and without emergent crust,” said Prof Waight. “But, because that’s so far back in time, we can’t really be sure about what it actually looked like," he added. Watch: Melting polar ice is slowing earth's rotation As per his team, Earth stands out from its galactic neighbours because of the continental crust which is composed of granite. “This is unique in our solar system,” Petersson said. “And, evidence of liquid water and a granite crust are key factors when trying to identify habitable exoplanets and the possibility of life beyond Earth," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

A hidden Earth's crust suggests Scandinavia was born some 3.75 billion years ago in Greenland

A very strange white dwarf star has been discovered by astronomers with a metallic scar on its surface which is possibly&nbsp;a remnant of the unfortunate planet which was eaten by the killer star.

The white dwarf, which is known as WD 0816-310, is a superdense husk of a dead star that is located 63 light-years from Earth.&nbsp;

Earlier, astronomers believed that the fragments of asteroids or planets, which are shredded and consumed by white dwarfs, eventually get spread evenly across the star's surfaces.&nbsp;

However, in the new study which was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, the researchers observed the Earth-size embers of the dead star and found that the leftovers from one of the eaten planets got locked in&nbsp;place with the help of powerful magnetic fields and created a dark metallic streak across the star's surface, which appears like a scar.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earth-is-round-but-jupiter-was-once-most-likely-flat-scientists-690573">Earth is round, but Jupiter was once most likely flat: Scientists</a>

"It is well known that some white dwarfs — slowly cooling embers of stars like our Sun — are cannibalising pieces of their planetary systems," said lead author Stefano Bagnulo, an astronomer at Armagh Observatory and Planetarium in Northern Ireland, in a statement.&nbsp;

<h2>Why the scar though?</h2>

"Now we have discovered that the star's magnetic field plays a key role in this process, resulting in a scar on the white dwarf's surface," he added.

White dwarfs are formed when fuel gets depleted from stars, ranging between one-tenth and eight times the mass of the sun, and no nuclear fusion is carried out.&nbsp;

When this occurs, the star's outer layer is removed and a compact, dense, white-hot core is revealed which slowly cools over time.&nbsp;

As per a study published in the journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific in 2001, nearly 97 per cent of the stars in the Milky Way, which include the sun, are destined to become white dwarfs.

Watch:&nbsp;Brightest and hungriest black hole ever detected; It eats one sun a a day

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However, the compositions and capabilities of these ultradense balls have remained mysterious in different ways.

Scientists observed that the zombie star rotated on its axis and the metals also matched up with changes in the magnetic field of the white dwarf.

The observations helped scientists understand that the polar magnetic field of WD 0816-310 had "funnelled" the metallic leftovers of one of its meals onto one of the magnetic poles of the dwarf star, which created a scar.

"This scar is a concentrated patch of planetary material, held in place by the same magnetic field that has guided the infalling fragments," said co-author John Landstreet, a professor emeritus at the University of Western Ontario and a visiting professor at the Armagh Observatory and Planetarium, in the statement. "Nothing like this has been seen before," he added.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A very strange white dwarf star has been discovered by astronomers with a metallic scar on its surface which is possibly a remnant of the unfortunate planet which was eaten by the killer star.

A very strange white dwarf star has been discovered by astronomers with a metallic scar on its surface which is possibly a remnant of the unfortunate planet which was eaten by the killer star. The white dwarf, which is known as WD 0816-310, is a superdense husk of a dead star that is located 63 light-years from Earth. Earlier, astronomers believed that the fragments of asteroids or planets, which are shredded and consumed by white dwarfs, eventually get spread evenly across the star's surfaces. However, in the new study which was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, the researchers observed the Earth-size embers of the dead star and found that the leftovers from one of the eaten planets got locked in place with the help of powerful magnetic fields and created a dark metallic streak across the star's surface, which appears like a scar. Also Read: Earth is round, but Jupiter was once most likely flat: Scientists "It is well known that some white dwarfs — slowly cooling embers of stars like our Sun — are cannibalising pieces of their planetary systems," said lead author Stefano Bagnulo, an astronomer at Armagh Observatory and Planetarium in Northern Ireland, in a statement. Why the scar though? "Now we have discovered that the star's magnetic field plays a key role in this process, resulting in a scar on the white dwarf's surface," he added. White dwarfs are formed when fuel gets depleted from stars, ranging between one-tenth and eight times the mass of the sun, and no nuclear fusion is carried out. When this occurs, the star's outer layer is removed and a compact, dense, white-hot core is revealed which slowly cools over time. As per a study published in the journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific in 2001, nearly 97 per cent of the stars in the Milky Way, which include the sun, are destined to become white dwarfs. Watch: Brightest and hungriest black hole ever detected; It eats one sun a a day However, the compositions and capabilities of these ultradense balls have remained mysterious in different ways. Scientists observed that the zombie star rotated on its axis and the metals also matched up with changes in the magnetic field of the white dwarf. The observations helped scientists understand that the polar magnetic field of WD 0816-310 had "funnelled" the metallic leftovers of one of its meals onto one of the magnetic poles of the dwarf star, which created a scar. "This scar is a concentrated patch of planetary material, held in place by the same magnetic field that has guided the infalling fragments," said co-author John Landstreet, a professor emeritus at the University of Western Ontario and a visiting professor at the Armagh Observatory and Planetarium, in the statement. "Nothing like this has been seen before," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

Wear your scars, they said. So this 'cannibal' dead star took it quite literally

In a breakthrough study, scientists have claimed that large planets like Jupiter, which were formed at a far distance from their host stars, may have once been like flattened disks and not spherical structures as they are currently. 
 
Thousands of planets have been discovered by astronomers outside the Solar System, but&nbsp;scientists have still not understood how these worlds were formed. 
 
In the latest study, computer simulations were used by scientists to create a model of the formation of planets on the basis of a theory that the protoplanets or young planets, get created in short timescales after the large rotating disks of gas which are orbiting young stars break up.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-juno-spacecraft-delivers-stunning-close-up-of-jupiters-moon-io-687489">NASA’s Juno spacecraft delivers stunning close-up picture of Jupiter’s moon Io</a>

The research discovered that the protoplanets, which are most likely to have existed like flattened structures called oblate spheroids, are similar to the shape of an M&amp;M candy or a Smarties. 
 
“We have been studying planet formation for a long time but never before had we thought to check the shape of the planets as they form in the simulations. We had always assumed that they were spherical,” said study co-author Dimitris Stamatellos. 
 
“We were very surprised that they turned out to be oblate spheroids, pretty similar to smarties,” said Dr Stamatellos.

<h2 lang="en-US">Scientists decode how planets turned into large gas giants</h2>

In the study, the astronomers determined the properties of the planet compared it to the known observations, and examined the creation of mechanism of gas giant planets like Saturn and Jupiter. 
 
The study also investigated the properties of planets which were formed in different conditions like gas density and varying temperature.

Watch:&nbsp;Migrating species crucial to planet under threat: UN report

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Till now, researchers have theorised that planets are formed by either of the two processes. One of these processes called “core accretion”, is the gradual growth of dust particles which remain together to create progressively larger objects on long timescales. 
 
Planets are also likely to have been formed directly by the particles of the large rotating disks of material after they broke up around young stars in short timescales in a process known as the theory of disk instability. 
 
“The large majority of the protoplanets that form in the simulations are oblate spheroids rather than spherical, and they accrete faster from their poles,” wrote scientists.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a breakthrough study, scientists have claimed that large planets like Jupiter, which were formed at a far distance from their host stars, may have once been like flattened disks and not spherical structures as they are currently.

In a breakthrough study, scientists have claimed that large planets like Jupiter, which were formed at a far distance from their host stars, may have once been like flattened disks and not spherical structures as they are currently. Thousands of planets have been discovered by astronomers outside the Solar System, but scientists have still not understood how these worlds were formed. In the latest study, computer simulations were used by scientists to create a model of the formation of planets on the basis of a theory that the protoplanets or young planets, get created in short timescales after the large rotating disks of gas which are orbiting young stars break up. Also Read: NASA’s Juno spacecraft delivers stunning close-up picture of Jupiter’s moon Io The research discovered that the protoplanets, which are most likely to have existed like flattened structures called oblate spheroids, are similar to the shape of an M&M candy or a Smarties. “We have been studying planet formation for a long time but never before had we thought to check the shape of the planets as they form in the simulations. We had always assumed that they were spherical,” said study co-author Dimitris Stamatellos. “We were very surprised that they turned out to be oblate spheroids, pretty similar to smarties,” said Dr Stamatellos. Scientists decode how planets turned into large gas giants In the study, the astronomers determined the properties of the planet compared it to the known observations, and examined the creation of mechanism of gas giant planets like Saturn and Jupiter. The study also investigated the properties of planets which were formed in different conditions like gas density and varying temperature. Watch: Migrating species crucial to planet under threat: UN report Till now, researchers have theorised that planets are formed by either of the two processes. One of these processes called “core accretion”, is the gradual growth of dust particles which remain together to create progressively larger objects on long timescales. Planets are also likely to have been formed directly by the particles of the large rotating disks of material after they broke up around young stars in short timescales in a process known as the theory of disk instability. “The large majority of the protoplanets that form in the simulations are oblate spheroids rather than spherical, and they accrete faster from their poles,” wrote scientists. (With inputs from agencies)

Earth is round, but Jupiter was once most likely flat: Scientists

The European Space Agency has decided to crash a failed satellite, known as the European Remote Sensing 2 (ERS-2) satellite, back on Earth. However, the scientists are clueless about where exactly the satellite will fall.&nbsp; 
 
In April 1995, the satellite was launched into low Earth orbit and its mission of observing our planet was finished in September 2011. 
 
The satellite, along with its twin satellite ERS-1, collected valuable data from the land surfaces, oceans, and polar caps of the Earth. 
 
This was also used for monitoring natural disasters like earthquakes or severe flooding in remote parts of the world. 
 
Now, the tentative date and time of the ESA has been revealed, when it thinks the satellite will re-enter.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/usas-new-intel-report-warns-of-russian-nuclear-capabilities-in-space-690379">USA's new intel report warns of anti-satellite Russian nuclear weapons in space</a>

Based on the data, the ESA has calculated that the satellite will crash on the Earth at 5:26 pm ET on February 19. The ESA emphasised that the margin of error in the scientists' prediction is little more than 1.5 days – or plus or minus 38 hours. 
 
This is mainly because of the solar activity's unpredictable influence "which affects the density of Earth’s atmosphere and therefore the drag experienced by the satellite," said the space agency.

<h2 lang="en-US">Scientists started process of bringing back satellites in 2011&nbsp;</h2>

According to Live Science, the preparation for the end of ERS-2 started in the summer of 2011 when 66 reorbiting manoeuvres were performed by the ESA on it. 
 
That process was aimed at using the remaining fuel of the satellite and decreasing its average altitude from 488 miles to nearly 356 miles. This helps decrease the satellite's risk of collision with space debris or other satellites. 
 
The process also helps the orbit of the satellite deteriorate fast enough so that it can re-enter the atmosphere of Earth within 15 years.

Watch:&nbsp;India tests high-altitude pseudo-satellite vehicle HAPS | Boost to border surveillance

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As per the ESA, the ERS-2 "was the most sophisticated Earth-observation spacecraft ever developed and launched by Europe." 
 
When the satellite departed from Earth, it weighed only 5,547 pounds and now, without fuel, its weight is nearly 5,057 pounds. 
 
Those manoeuvres "used up the satellite's remaining fuel and lowered its average altitude from 785 km [488 miles] to about 573 km [356 miles] to greatly reduce the risk of collision with other satellites or space debris and to ensure the satellite's orbit would decay fast enough for it to reenter Earth's atmosphere within the next 15 years," said ESA officials, in an FAQ regarding the reentry.

(With inputs from agencies)

The European Space Agency has decided to crash a failed satellite, known as the European Remote Sensing 2 (ERS-2) satellite, back on Earth. However, the scientists are clueless about where exactly the satellite will fall.

The European Space Agency has decided to crash a failed satellite, known as the European Remote Sensing 2 (ERS-2) satellite, back on Earth. However, the scientists are clueless about where exactly the satellite will fall. In April 1995, the satellite was launched into low Earth orbit and its mission of observing our planet was finished in September 2011. The satellite, along with its twin satellite ERS-1, collected valuable data from the land surfaces, oceans, and polar caps of the Earth. This was also used for monitoring natural disasters like earthquakes or severe flooding in remote parts of the world. Now, the tentative date and time of the ESA has been revealed, when it thinks the satellite will re-enter. Also Read: USA's new intel report warns of anti-satellite Russian nuclear weapons in space Based on the data, the ESA has calculated that the satellite will crash on the Earth at 5:26 pm ET on February 19. The ESA emphasised that the margin of error in the scientists' prediction is little more than 1.5 days – or plus or minus 38 hours. This is mainly because of the solar activity's unpredictable influence "which affects the density of Earth’s atmosphere and therefore the drag experienced by the satellite," said the space agency. Scientists started process of bringing back satellites in 2011 According to Live Science, the preparation for the end of ERS-2 started in the summer of 2011 when 66 reorbiting manoeuvres were performed by the ESA on it. That process was aimed at using the remaining fuel of the satellite and decreasing its average altitude from 488 miles to nearly 356 miles. This helps decrease the satellite's risk of collision with space debris or other satellites. The process also helps the orbit of the satellite deteriorate fast enough so that it can re-enter the atmosphere of Earth within 15 years. Watch: India tests high-altitude pseudo-satellite vehicle HAPS | Boost to border surveillance As per the ESA, the ERS-2 "was the most sophisticated Earth-observation spacecraft ever developed and launched by Europe." When the satellite departed from Earth, it weighed only 5,547 pounds and now, without fuel, its weight is nearly 5,057 pounds. Those manoeuvres "used up the satellite's remaining fuel and lowered its average altitude from 785 km [488 miles] to about 573 km [356 miles] to greatly reduce the risk of collision with other satellites or space debris and to ensure the satellite's orbit would decay fast enough for it to reenter Earth's atmosphere within the next 15 years," said ESA officials, in an FAQ regarding the reentry. (With inputs from agencies)

European satellite to crash into Earth in six days. The exact place is eerily a mystery

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