British Prime Minister Boris Johnson is preparing to call an election, media reported on Monday, on the eve of an historic showdown with parliament over Brexit. Johnson's promise to take the country out of the European Union on October 31 with or without a deal to smooth the divorce between the world's fifth-largest economy and its biggest trading partner has propelled the United Kingdom towards a constitutional crisis and a battle with the 27 other members of the bloc.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson is preparing to call an election, media reported on Monday, on the eve of an historic showdown with parliament over Brexit. Johnson's promise to take the country out of the European Union on October 31 with or without a deal to smooth the divorce between the world's fifth-largest economy and its biggest trading partner has propelled the United Kingdom towards a constitutional crisis and a battle with the 27 other members of the bloc. An alliance of opposition lawmakers are plotting with rebels in Johnson's Conservative Party to take control of parliament and tie the government's hands with legislation that would block a no-deal exit, fearing leaving without a deal will be ruinous. Just 24 hours until parliament returns on Tuesday from its summer break, Johnson's enforcers warned rebels that if they voted against the government they would be kicked out of his Conservative Party. With little clarity on whether the deadlocked British parliament might be able to come up with a resolution to the three-year Brexit crisis, talk turned to a possible election. "We want a general election," opposition Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn said, to oust Johnson's "phony, populist cabal". He added: "We must come together to stop no deal - this week could be our last chance." However, former Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair warned Corbyn, a veteran socialist, to avoid what he cast as an election "elephant trap" Johnson had laid for Labour. "Boris Johnson knows that if no-deal Brexit stands on its own as a proposition it might well fail but if he mixes it up with the Corbyn question in a general election he could succeed despite a majority being against a no-deal Brexit because some may fear a Corbyn premiership more," Blair said. Johnson has called a cabinet meeting for later on Monday and could ask lawmakers to vote on calling an election if they vote against his government on Brexit, the BBC's Political Editor Laura Kuenssberg said. The Sun newspaper's political editor Tom Newton Dunn also said Johnson was preparing to call an election. Asked if Johnson was planning an election, his spokesman said: "He has been asked this on many, many occasions and his answer has always been that he doesn't want there to be an election." After winning the top job in the chaos that followed the 2016 EU membership referendum, then Prime Minister Theresa May bet on a 2017 snap election but lost her majority. Eelection? More than three years since the United Kingdom voted 52-48% to leave the European Union, it is still unclear on what terms, or indeed whether, Brexit will take place. In the parliamentary chess game, the default position is that Britain will leave on Oct. 31 without a deal unless a divorce agreement is struck with the bloc and ratified by the British parliament or legislation is passed to delay or revoke the departure notice. Johnson, the face of the 2016 Vote Leave campaign, has cast rebels as EU "collaborators" who are undermining the government's negotiating hand in seeking a withdrawal agreement by blunting his threat of a no-deal Brexit. "Their (the government's) strategy, to be honest, is to lose this week and then seek a general election," said David Gauke, a former justice minister who is one of the rebel Conservative lawmakers. Jacob Rees-Mogg, the minister responsible for parliamentary business, said any wise party would prepare for an election and that any vote on rebel legislation would be considered a matter of confidence in the government. "It is important for the government to establish the confidence of the House of Commons and this is essentially a confidence matter: Who should control the legislative agenda, Jeremy Corbyn or Boris Johnson?" Rees-Mogg said. An election would open up three main options: a Brexit-supporting government under Johnson, a Labour government led by Corbyn or a hung parliament that could lead to a coalition or minority government of some kind. After Johnson moved to suspend parliament ahead of Brexit, opponents of a no-deal exit are seeking to overturn his decision in the courts. Hearings are due on Sept. 3, Sept. 5 and Sept. 6. Nick Boles, a former Conservative who now sits as an independent member of parliament, said the rebels would seek to force the government to ask the EU for a Brexit delay if it was unable to ratify a revised Withdrawal Agreement by a certain date in October.

British PM preparing to call election on eve of Brexit showdown with parliament?

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/thousands-protest-british-pm-johnsons-move-to-suspend-parliament-246915">British Prime Minister Boris Johnson </a>challenged lawmakers to deliver on the Brexit vote and not thwart his plans to take Britain out of the European Union on October 31.

Johnson has pledged to deliver Brexit with or without a deal, but opposition lawmakers - and several lawmakers from Johnson`s Conservatives - want to act to rule out a no-deal Brexit when parliament returns from recess on Tuesday.

Previous votes have indicated a majority in parliament opposing a no-deal Brexit, but in a newspaper interview, Johnson said that backing opposition Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn risked there being no Brexit at all.

"The fundamental choice is this: are you going to side with Jeremy Corbyn and those who want to cancel the referendum? Are you going to side with those who want to scrub the democratic verdict of the people — and plunge this country into chaos?," Johnson told the Sunday Times. 
&nbsp; 
"Or are you going to side with those of us who want to get on, deliver on the mandate of the people and focus with absolute, laser-like precision on the domestic agenda? That’s the choice."

Johnson is seeking to renegotiate his predecessor Theresa May`s Brexit withdrawal agreement so that Britain can leave the bloc with a deal.

But the EU has ruled out Johnson`s key demand - removal of the "backstop" to preserve an open Irish border - unless he finds an alternative which does a similar job.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson challenged lawmakers to deliver on the Brexit vote and not thwart his plans to take Britain out of the European Union on October 31.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson challenged lawmakers to deliver on the Brexit vote and not thwart his plans to take Britain out of the European Union on October 31. Johnson has pledged to deliver Brexit with or without a deal, but opposition lawmakers - and several lawmakers from Johnson`s Conservatives - want to act to rule out a no-deal Brexit when parliament returns from recess on Tuesday. Previous votes have indicated a majority in parliament opposing a no-deal Brexit, but in a newspaper interview, Johnson said that backing opposition Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn risked there being no Brexit at all. "The fundamental choice is this: are you going to side with Jeremy Corbyn and those who want to cancel the referendum? Are you going to side with those who want to scrub the democratic verdict of the people — and plunge this country into chaos?," Johnson told the Sunday Times. "Or are you going to side with those of us who want to get on, deliver on the mandate of the people and focus with absolute, laser-like precision on the domestic agenda? That’s the choice." Johnson is seeking to renegotiate his predecessor Theresa May`s Brexit withdrawal agreement so that Britain can leave the bloc with a deal. But the EU has ruled out Johnson`s key demand - removal of the "backstop" to preserve an open Irish border - unless he finds an alternative which does a similar job.

British PM Boris Johnson challenges lawmakers to deliver Brexit

Thousands of people across Britain and Northern Ireland protested on Saturday against Prime Minister Boris Johnson's decision to suspend parliament for about a month before the deadline for the country to leave the European Union.

Johnson has pledged to take Britain out of the EU on October&nbsp;31 with or without a deal on future relations with the bloc. The move to shut parliament for around a month in the period before that will hinder efforts by his opponents to stop him.

About 2,000 people gathered outside his office in Downing Street, chanting: "Liar Johnson, shame on you!"

A sign read: "#StopTheCoup. Defend our Democracy. Save our future."

The government says it is usual for parliament to be suspended before a new prime minister outlines his policy programme in a Queen's speech, now scheduled for Oct. 14. His supporters also say parliament usually breaks in late September, when the main political parties hold their annual conferences.

But his critics say the suspension, known as a prorogation, is unusually long and describe the move as a thinly veiled attempt to reduce the time that lawmakers will have to debate before Britain leaves the EU at the end of October.

Opposition lawmakers want to prevent the shutdown of parliament and pass legislation to avoid a no-deal Brexit when they return from summer recess on Tuesday.

As well as London, protests were scheduled in other major cities in the four nations of the United Kingdom, comprising England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

About 100 people protested outside the city hall in Belfast, the capital of the Northern Ireland, which has become a particular focus in the Brexit negotiations as it has the United Kingdom's only land border with the European Union.

The "backstop" insurance policy, part of the withdrawal agreement negotiated between the EU and Britain's former prime minister and which aims to keep the border with Ireland open, has become the main sticking point in negotiations.

Johnson wants the backstop removed, saying it could leave Northern Ireland operating under different regulatory rules than the rest of the United Kingdom. The EU and Ireland say Britain has yet to come up with acceptable alternatives.

A court case being heard in Belfast next week aims to block Johnson's suspension of parliament on the grounds that a no-deal Brexit would breach the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that brought peace to the British-run province of Northern Ireland.

Protesters said the government had failed to take into account the importance of the border issue.

"The thing that scares me most is they have no appreciation of what is important for Northern Ireland. We are not on their radar," said Graham Glendinning, 49, a software worker.

"The border means nothing to them and they don’t give two hoots about it."

Thousands of people across Britain and Northern Ireland protested on Saturday against Prime Minister Boris Johnson's decision to suspend parliament for about a month before the deadline for the country to leave the European Union.

Thousands of people across Britain and Northern Ireland protested on Saturday against Prime Minister Boris Johnson's decision to suspend parliament for about a month before the deadline for the country to leave the European Union. Johnson has pledged to take Britain out of the EU on October 31 with or without a deal on future relations with the bloc. The move to shut parliament for around a month in the period before that will hinder efforts by his opponents to stop him. About 2,000 people gathered outside his office in Downing Street, chanting: "Liar Johnson, shame on you!" A sign read: "#StopTheCoup. Defend our Democracy. Save our future." The government says it is usual for parliament to be suspended before a new prime minister outlines his policy programme in a Queen's speech, now scheduled for Oct. 14. His supporters also say parliament usually breaks in late September, when the main political parties hold their annual conferences. But his critics say the suspension, known as a prorogation, is unusually long and describe the move as a thinly veiled attempt to reduce the time that lawmakers will have to debate before Britain leaves the EU at the end of October. Opposition lawmakers want to prevent the shutdown of parliament and pass legislation to avoid a no-deal Brexit when they return from summer recess on Tuesday. As well as London, protests were scheduled in other major cities in the four nations of the United Kingdom, comprising England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. About 100 people protested outside the city hall in Belfast, the capital of the Northern Ireland, which has become a particular focus in the Brexit negotiations as it has the United Kingdom's only land border with the European Union. The "backstop" insurance policy, part of the withdrawal agreement negotiated between the EU and Britain's former prime minister and which aims to keep the border with Ireland open, has become the main sticking point in negotiations. Johnson wants the backstop removed, saying it could leave Northern Ireland operating under different regulatory rules than the rest of the United Kingdom. The EU and Ireland say Britain has yet to come up with acceptable alternatives. A court case being heard in Belfast next week aims to block Johnson's suspension of parliament on the grounds that a no-deal Brexit would breach the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that brought peace to the British-run province of Northern Ireland. Protesters said the government had failed to take into account the importance of the border issue. "The thing that scares me most is they have no appreciation of what is important for Northern Ireland. We are not on their radar," said Graham Glendinning, 49, a software worker. "The border means nothing to them and they don’t give two hoots about it."

Thousands protest British PM Johnson's move to suspend parliament

The suspension of House of Commons has sparked a furore in the United Kingdom. The government says that the suspension of parliament happens every year. The Opposition says that the suspension is an attack on democracy even as protests erupt across the country.

WION Gravitas: Britain in protest mode after Parliament suspension

A legal challenge seeking to place an interim block on <a href="https://www.wionews.com/opinions/remain-alliance-can-it-halt-brexit-and-beat-boris-johnson-240152">British Prime Minister Boris Johnson</a>'s order to suspend parliament will be heard in a Northern Irish court next week, a judge said on Friday.

Johnson's decision this week to suspend parliament for more than a month before Brexit has enraged opponents who have taken to the courts in Edinburgh, Belfast, and London to try to stop him.

At a hearing in Belfast's High Court, Lord Chief Justice Sir Declan Morgan set September 6 for the presentation of legal argument on the interim injunction that is being sought by a rights activist seeking to have the suspension reversed.

A more substantive case launched by the same activist, Raymond McCord, is due on September 16 against any withdrawal from the European Union without a divorce deal, citing fears that a chaotic Brexit could wreck the Northern Ireland peace process.

McCord's legal team argued on Thursday that a no-deal Brexit would breach the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that brought peace to the British-run province and the suspension was both unconstitutional and a threat to the two decades of peace since.

His solicitor, Ciaran O'Hare, also said they would push to have the suspension hearing earlier than September 6.

"The prime minister wants to get his own way without concern for the people of Northern Ireland and the peace process," McCord, who was also behind a 2016 Northern Ireland challenge to Brexit, told reporters.

McCord's son was murdered by pro-British loyalist militants in 1997 before the peace deal largely ended three decades of violence between Irish nationalists seeking a united Ireland and pro-British unionists that killed 3,600 people.

Police on both sides of the border between Northern Ireland and EU-member Ireland fear the return of any customs posts after Brexit would create a target for the small number of militant groups still active in the province.

A Scottish court earlier on Friday rejected a request to place an interim block on the order to suspend parliament but said it would hear full arguments next week.

Former British Prime Minister John Major also applied on Friday to join legal action to try to block the suspension in a case that will be heard in London on September 5.

A legal challenge seeking to place an interim block on British Prime Minister Boris Johnson's order to suspend parliament will be heard in a Northern Irish court next week, a judge said on Friday.

A legal challenge seeking to place an interim block on British Prime Minister Boris Johnson's order to suspend parliament will be heard in a Northern Irish court next week, a judge said on Friday. Johnson's decision this week to suspend parliament for more than a month before Brexit has enraged opponents who have taken to the courts in Edinburgh, Belfast, and London to try to stop him. At a hearing in Belfast's High Court, Lord Chief Justice Sir Declan Morgan set September 6 for the presentation of legal argument on the interim injunction that is being sought by a rights activist seeking to have the suspension reversed. A more substantive case launched by the same activist, Raymond McCord, is due on September 16 against any withdrawal from the European Union without a divorce deal, citing fears that a chaotic Brexit could wreck the Northern Ireland peace process. McCord's legal team argued on Thursday that a no-deal Brexit would breach the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that brought peace to the British-run province and the suspension was both unconstitutional and a threat to the two decades of peace since. His solicitor, Ciaran O'Hare, also said they would push to have the suspension hearing earlier than September 6. "The prime minister wants to get his own way without concern for the people of Northern Ireland and the peace process," McCord, who was also behind a 2016 Northern Ireland challenge to Brexit, told reporters. McCord's son was murdered by pro-British loyalist militants in 1997 before the peace deal largely ended three decades of violence between Irish nationalists seeking a united Ireland and pro-British unionists that killed 3,600 people. Police on both sides of the border between Northern Ireland and EU-member Ireland fear the return of any customs posts after Brexit would create a target for the small number of militant groups still active in the province. A Scottish court earlier on Friday rejected a request to place an interim block on the order to suspend parliament but said it would hear full arguments next week. Former British Prime Minister John Major also applied on Friday to join legal action to try to block the suspension in a case that will be heard in London on September 5.

Brexit: Northern Irish court sets September 6 for challenge to parliament suspension

British Prime Minister <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/brexit-endgame-its-pm-boris-johnson-versus-parliament-in-historic-showdown-246685">Boris Johnson</a> on Friday warned any attempt by MPs next week to stop Brexit or delay it beyond October 31 would do "lasting damage" to public trust in politics.

Johnson said Britons had decided to leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum and MPs had promised multiple times to uphold that decision.

"If we stop the UK from leaving on October 31, if that's what parliamentarians end up doing, it will do lasting damage to people's trust in politics," he told Sky News television.

"It will do lasting and catastrophic damage to the major parties in this country. This political generation won't be forgiven for failing to honour that promise."

Opposition MPs and some lawmakers from Johnson's own Conservatives have said they want to legislate to prevent a <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/brexit-endgame-its-pm-boris-johnson-versus-parliament-in-historic-showdown-246685">no-deal Brexit</a>, which the government's own assessment warns could cause food, fuel and medicine shortages.

But Johnson said that preparing for a no-deal Brexit would allow the government to clinch an agreement with Brussels.

"I'm afraid that the more our friends and partners think, at the back of their minds, that Brexit could be stopped, that the UK could be kept in by parliament, the less likely they are to give us the deal that we need," he said.

Johnson on Wednesday moved to suspend parliament in the final weeks before Brexit in what was widely seen as a move to limit the parliamentary time for his opponents.

Queen Elizabeth II, on his advice, gave the go-ahead to shutter parliament between mid-September and October 14 -- just two weeks before the Brexit date of October 31.

The move sent shockwaves through British politics, triggering a furious outcry from pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal exit.

Wrong-footed, Johnson's opponents labelled the suspension of parliament a "coup" and a "constitutional outrage".

The decision is being challenged in several legal cases.

Judge Raymond Doherty on Friday rejected a request for a temporary block on the suspension decision but will hear the full case at a further hearing in Edinburgh on Tuesday.

Former prime minister John Major, a strong supporter of EU membership, said he will seek to join a separate case in London, which is due to be heard in court on Thursday.&nbsp;

'Step up the tempo'

Britain's Brexit negotiators are to meet their EU counterparts twice a week throughout September in a bid to reach a new divorce agreement.

Johnson said he wants to "step up the tempo" in talks with the EU to strike a new Brexit deal.

Johnson wants the so-called backstop, the fallback provisions regarding the Irish border, scrapped completely.

But there are growing concerns among some major players in the EU that Britain will not be able to come up with realistic alternatives in time.

A spokesperson for the European Commission said they were willing to work "24/7 throughout this long process".

"We expect the UK to come forward with concrete proposals, as President (Jean-Claude) Juncker made clear to Prime Minister Johnson earlier this week."

The backstop is included in a divorce deal that the EU agreed with Johnson's predecessor, Theresa May, which Britain's parliament has rejected three times.

Ireland's Foreign Minister Simon Coveney said Britain had come up with "nothing credible" to replace the backstop.

Protests in the streets

Beyond the courts, Johnson's opponents are planning other moves to stop him in his tracks.

Shami Chakrabarti, Labour's chief legal advisor, warned on BBC radio: "We will use any means necessary to prevent this undemocratic behaviour -- that includes people taking to the streets."

Protests are planned Saturday in several cities, with some organisers calling for roads and bridges to be occupied.

The leaders of the six opposition parties in parliament said they believed a majority of MPs were against Johnson's move.

"The prime minister is shutting down parliament with the sole aim of stopping MPs from avoiding a no-deal Brexit," they said on the suspension.

Opponents want to legislate to prevent Britain leaving the EU without a deal, and to stop the suspension of parliament.

They are also mulling a no-confidence vote in Johnson's Conservative government, which commands a fragile 320 to 319 majority.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Friday warned any attempt by MPs next week to stop Brexit or delay it beyond October 31 would do "lasting damage" to public trust in politics.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Friday warned any attempt by MPs next week to stop Brexit or delay it beyond October 31 would do "lasting damage" to public trust in politics. Johnson said Britons had decided to leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum and MPs had promised multiple times to uphold that decision. "If we stop the UK from leaving on October 31, if that's what parliamentarians end up doing, it will do lasting damage to people's trust in politics," he told Sky News television. "It will do lasting and catastrophic damage to the major parties in this country. This political generation won't be forgiven for failing to honour that promise." Opposition MPs and some lawmakers from Johnson's own Conservatives have said they want to legislate to prevent a no-deal Brexit, which the government's own assessment warns could cause food, fuel and medicine shortages. But Johnson said that preparing for a no-deal Brexit would allow the government to clinch an agreement with Brussels. "I'm afraid that the more our friends and partners think, at the back of their minds, that Brexit could be stopped, that the UK could be kept in by parliament, the less likely they are to give us the deal that we need," he said. Johnson on Wednesday moved to suspend parliament in the final weeks before Brexit in what was widely seen as a move to limit the parliamentary time for his opponents. Queen Elizabeth II, on his advice, gave the go-ahead to shutter parliament between mid-September and October 14 -- just two weeks before the Brexit date of October 31. The move sent shockwaves through British politics, triggering a furious outcry from pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal exit. Wrong-footed, Johnson's opponents labelled the suspension of parliament a "coup" and a "constitutional outrage". The decision is being challenged in several legal cases. Judge Raymond Doherty on Friday rejected a request for a temporary block on the suspension decision but will hear the full case at a further hearing in Edinburgh on Tuesday. Former prime minister John Major, a strong supporter of EU membership, said he will seek to join a separate case in London, which is due to be heard in court on Thursday. 'Step up the tempo' Britain's Brexit negotiators are to meet their EU counterparts twice a week throughout September in a bid to reach a new divorce agreement. Johnson said he wants to "step up the tempo" in talks with the EU to strike a new Brexit deal. Johnson wants the so-called backstop, the fallback provisions regarding the Irish border, scrapped completely. But there are growing concerns among some major players in the EU that Britain will not be able to come up with realistic alternatives in time. A spokesperson for the European Commission said they were willing to work "24/7 throughout this long process". "We expect the UK to come forward with concrete proposals, as President (Jean-Claude) Juncker made clear to Prime Minister Johnson earlier this week." The backstop is included in a divorce deal that the EU agreed with Johnson's predecessor, Theresa May, which Britain's parliament has rejected three times. Ireland's Foreign Minister Simon Coveney said Britain had come up with "nothing credible" to replace the backstop. Protests in the streets Beyond the courts, Johnson's opponents are planning other moves to stop him in his tracks. Shami Chakrabarti, Labour's chief legal advisor, warned on BBC radio: "We will use any means necessary to prevent this undemocratic behaviour -- that includes people taking to the streets." Protests are planned Saturday in several cities, with some organisers calling for roads and bridges to be occupied. The leaders of the six opposition parties in parliament said they believed a majority of MPs were against Johnson's move. "The prime minister is shutting down parliament with the sole aim of stopping MPs from avoiding a no-deal Brexit," they said on the suspension. Opponents want to legislate to prevent Britain leaving the EU without a deal, and to stop the suspension of parliament. They are also mulling a no-confidence vote in Johnson's Conservative government, which commands a fragile 320 to 319 majority.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson warns MPs against trying to block Brexit

From Magna Carta to Brexit: 800 years of constitutional crises in Britain

After more than 1,000 days of political brawling, hordes of headlines and dizzying lurches in sterling, the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uk-alone-will-be-to-blame-for-no-deal-brexit-eu-tells-johnson-246104">battle of Brexit</a> enters the endgame.

Britain's ancient parliament will next week host a historic showdown between Prime Minister <a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/after-british-pm-johnson-suspends-parliament-pound-slums-over-no-brexit-fears-246256">Boris Johnson</a> - who has vowed to leave the European Union on October&nbsp;31, "do or die" - and lawmakers who view themselves as the last bulwark against economic ruin.

Members of parliament, expected to include rebels from the ruling Conservatives, will try to find the majority they need to either topple the government or change the law to prevent Britain withdrawing from the bloc without an exit deal.

They may have just days to stop Johnson and are ready to use every piece of arcane parliamentary process at their disposal.

"We're entering new political terrain in terms of parliamentary politics," said Ruth Fox, director and head of research at pro-democracy charity the Hansard Society.

"Next week we could see an act of parliament the government doesn't want, it may end up with a vote of no confidence in which Conservative MPs bring down their own government, or all the opposition's plans could fall apart."

Johnson, the face of Brexit for many Britons, has staked his political future on taking Britain out of the EU on Oct. 31, with or without a deal to smooth the divorce between the world's fifth-largest economy and its biggest trading partner.

His showdown with parliament will determine the course of Brexit - the United Kingdom's most significant geopolitical decision since World War Two.

Whatever the outcome of the Brexit chess game, it will go down in the history books of the Westminster parliament, which traces its history through the English Civil War and Norman Conquest to the ancient Witan of Anglo-Saxon England.

In a 2016 referendum, 17.4 million voters, or 52%, backed Brexit while 16.1 million, or 48%, backed staying in the trading bloc-cum-political project it has been a member of since 1973.

The result divided the population at every level, from the government cabinet table to the family dinner table, and the intervening three years have seen little reconciliation.

The current parliament, for decades defined by loyalties to either the centre-right Conservatives or the centre-left Labour Party, reflects those deep divisions, with a minority government in power and each party internally split over the right approach to Brexit.

Remain alliance

When lawmakers return from their summer break on Sept. 3, those opposed to Johnson's strategy, combining all rival parties and some Conservative rebels, have two main options to try to stop him: change the law, or change the government.

Johnson, a newly-appointed prime minister and Britain's third since the Brexit vote, has dared this so-called "Remain Alliance" to try and stop him, and shown he is prepared to test the limits of his executive power to defeat their efforts.

On Wednesday, he sparked fury by announcing the suspension of parliament for more than a month between mid-September and mid-October, depriving parliament of debating time to put their plans into action - which his opponents decried as an assault on Britain's constitutional integrity, and democracy itself.

"We won't be dictated to anymore," the opposition Labour Party's second most powerful man, John McDonnell, said on Thursday. "Parliament now is reasserting the traditional centuries-old democratic rights of the people."

Johnson denied any impropriety, saying it was in line with the conventions that allow him to set out his new political programme, and insisting there would be time to debate Brexit.

The move has raised the stakes for his opponents, potentially giving them as few as four days in parliament to make their move before the legislature is suspended.

Of the two options at their disposal, the group favours trying to pass a new law that would probably require Johnson to seek a delay to Brexit.

The exact wording of the plan is being kept a closely guarded secret and could go much further, towards stopping Brexit altogether.

But the process, expected to begin next with a request for an emergency debate, is fraught with challenges.

It would require a helping hand from parliament's Speaker John Bercow - who denounced Johnson's move to suspend the assembly - to seize temporary control of the legislative process, as well as several days of parliamentary time, and total unity in order to win votes.

Johnson's Conservatives govern with a working majority of just one seat in the 650-seat chamber thanks to the support of a small Northern Irish Party.

Scottish National Party lawmaker Joanna Cherry, who is also leading a court bid to determine the legality of suspending parliament, told Reuters she believed there were double figures of Conservatives willing to rebel against the government.

"They are going to be pivotal, we have got to get enough Tory (Conservative) rebels, not to bring down their government just to say to the government: you can't have a no-deal Brexit."

Johnson has an armoury of parliamentary devices he can use to stall the process if needed, from jamming the timetable with immovable events to filibustering the legislation in parliament's upper chamber, the House of Lords.

But, the once-unheard of process of passing a law against the government's wishes has a recent precedent - earlier this year legislation demanding that Johnson's predecessor Theresa May delay Brexit was successfully voted through.

Tortured process

The tortured process of seeking to deliver the result of the Brexit referendum has already repeatedly pitted parliament against the government, and parliament has often won.

Lawmakers have forced reluctant ministers to give them a vote to approve any exit deal, and to publish legal advice and official assessments of the impact a no-deal exit would have.

The battle has tested the limits of most lawmakers' knowledge of parliamentary procedures and shown the difficulties of Britain having an uncodified constitution, which is largely upheld through convention and precedent, to the fore.

"People don't really know what the rules are. There are competing versions of what is and what is not proper constitutional conduct," said Andrew Blick, Senior Lecturer in Politics and Contemporary History at King's College London.

"We're experiencing a real conflict between direct democracy as expressed in the referendum, and representative democracy."

The ultimate test of that conflict could come in the shape of a move to topple Johnson's government, initiated by Labour calling a vote of no confidence.

Labour say they will call one when they think they can win it, and want to use a 14-day period after the vote to install their leader Jeremy Corbyn as head of a temporary government with the purpose of delaying Brexit and calling an election.

That plan has already been rejected by parts of the Remain alliance, including some members of Corbyn's own Labour Party, who say his far-left politics are too divisive to lead a cross-party government and his opposition to Brexit has been too weak.

Even if Johnson lost a vote of no confidence he could use the grey areas of untested electoral law, passed in 2011, by refusing to resign. That would deprive opponents of a shot at forming a government and delay an election until after Brexit.

Some argue an election would even play into the hands of a prime minister who has spent his first five weeks in office on a de-facto election campaign.

"Johnson’s real objective is to use Brexit to win a general election, rather than use a general election to secure Brexit," Tom Kibasi, director of the Institute for Public Policy Research wrote in the Guardian newspaper.

"By forcing the hands of his opponents, he has defined the terrain for a 'people versus parliament' election."

After more than 1,000 days of political brawling, hordes of headlines and dizzying lurches in sterling, the battle of Brexit enters the endgame. Britain's ancient parliament will next week host a historic showdown between Prime Minister Boris Johnson - who has vowed to leave the European Union on October 31, "do or die" - and lawmakers who view themselves as the last bulwark against economic ruin.

After more than 1,000 days of political brawling, hordes of headlines and dizzying lurches in sterling, the battle of Brexit enters the endgame. Britain's ancient parliament will next week host a historic showdown between Prime Minister Boris Johnson - who has vowed to leave the European Union on October 31, "do or die" - and lawmakers who view themselves as the last bulwark against economic ruin. Members of parliament, expected to include rebels from the ruling Conservatives, will try to find the majority they need to either topple the government or change the law to prevent Britain withdrawing from the bloc without an exit deal. They may have just days to stop Johnson and are ready to use every piece of arcane parliamentary process at their disposal. "We're entering new political terrain in terms of parliamentary politics," said Ruth Fox, director and head of research at pro-democracy charity the Hansard Society. "Next week we could see an act of parliament the government doesn't want, it may end up with a vote of no confidence in which Conservative MPs bring down their own government, or all the opposition's plans could fall apart." Johnson, the face of Brexit for many Britons, has staked his political future on taking Britain out of the EU on Oct. 31, with or without a deal to smooth the divorce between the world's fifth-largest economy and its biggest trading partner. His showdown with parliament will determine the course of Brexit - the United Kingdom's most significant geopolitical decision since World War Two. Whatever the outcome of the Brexit chess game, it will go down in the history books of the Westminster parliament, which traces its history through the English Civil War and Norman Conquest to the ancient Witan of Anglo-Saxon England. In a 2016 referendum, 17.4 million voters, or 52%, backed Brexit while 16.1 million, or 48%, backed staying in the trading bloc-cum-political project it has been a member of since 1973. The result divided the population at every level, from the government cabinet table to the family dinner table, and the intervening three years have seen little reconciliation. The current parliament, for decades defined by loyalties to either the centre-right Conservatives or the centre-left Labour Party, reflects those deep divisions, with a minority government in power and each party internally split over the right approach to Brexit. Remain alliance When lawmakers return from their summer break on Sept. 3, those opposed to Johnson's strategy, combining all rival parties and some Conservative rebels, have two main options to try to stop him: change the law, or change the government. Johnson, a newly-appointed prime minister and Britain's third since the Brexit vote, has dared this so-called "Remain Alliance" to try and stop him, and shown he is prepared to test the limits of his executive power to defeat their efforts. On Wednesday, he sparked fury by announcing the suspension of parliament for more than a month between mid-September and mid-October, depriving parliament of debating time to put their plans into action - which his opponents decried as an assault on Britain's constitutional integrity, and democracy itself. "We won't be dictated to anymore," the opposition Labour Party's second most powerful man, John McDonnell, said on Thursday. "Parliament now is reasserting the traditional centuries-old democratic rights of the people." Johnson denied any impropriety, saying it was in line with the conventions that allow him to set out his new political programme, and insisting there would be time to debate Brexit. The move has raised the stakes for his opponents, potentially giving them as few as four days in parliament to make their move before the legislature is suspended. Of the two options at their disposal, the group favours trying to pass a new law that would probably require Johnson to seek a delay to Brexit. The exact wording of the plan is being kept a closely guarded secret and could go much further, towards stopping Brexit altogether. But the process, expected to begin next with a request for an emergency debate, is fraught with challenges. It would require a helping hand from parliament's Speaker John Bercow - who denounced Johnson's move to suspend the assembly - to seize temporary control of the legislative process, as well as several days of parliamentary time, and total unity in order to win votes. Johnson's Conservatives govern with a working majority of just one seat in the 650-seat chamber thanks to the support of a small Northern Irish Party. Scottish National Party lawmaker Joanna Cherry, who is also leading a court bid to determine the legality of suspending parliament, told Reuters she believed there were double figures of Conservatives willing to rebel against the government. "They are going to be pivotal, we have got to get enough Tory (Conservative) rebels, not to bring down their government just to say to the government: you can't have a no-deal Brexit." Johnson has an armoury of parliamentary devices he can use to stall the process if needed, from jamming the timetable with immovable events to filibustering the legislation in parliament's upper chamber, the House of Lords. But, the once-unheard of process of passing a law against the government's wishes has a recent precedent - earlier this year legislation demanding that Johnson's predecessor Theresa May delay Brexit was successfully voted through. Tortured process The tortured process of seeking to deliver the result of the Brexit referendum has already repeatedly pitted parliament against the government, and parliament has often won. Lawmakers have forced reluctant ministers to give them a vote to approve any exit deal, and to publish legal advice and official assessments of the impact a no-deal exit would have. The battle has tested the limits of most lawmakers' knowledge of parliamentary procedures and shown the difficulties of Britain having an uncodified constitution, which is largely upheld through convention and precedent, to the fore. "People don't really know what the rules are. There are competing versions of what is and what is not proper constitutional conduct," said Andrew Blick, Senior Lecturer in Politics and Contemporary History at King's College London. "We're experiencing a real conflict between direct democracy as expressed in the referendum, and representative democracy." The ultimate test of that conflict could come in the shape of a move to topple Johnson's government, initiated by Labour calling a vote of no confidence. Labour say they will call one when they think they can win it, and want to use a 14-day period after the vote to install their leader Jeremy Corbyn as head of a temporary government with the purpose of delaying Brexit and calling an election. That plan has already been rejected by parts of the Remain alliance, including some members of Corbyn's own Labour Party, who say his far-left politics are too divisive to lead a cross-party government and his opposition to Brexit has been too weak. Even if Johnson lost a vote of no confidence he could use the grey areas of untested electoral law, passed in 2011, by refusing to resign. That would deprive opponents of a shot at forming a government and delay an election until after Brexit. Some argue an election would even play into the hands of a prime minister who has spent his first five weeks in office on a de-facto election campaign. "Johnson’s real objective is to use Brexit to win a general election, rather than use a general election to secure Brexit," Tom Kibasi, director of the Institute for Public Policy Research wrote in the Guardian newspaper. "By forcing the hands of his opponents, he has defined the terrain for a 'people versus parliament' election."

Brexit endgame: It's PM Boris Johnson versus parliament in historic showdown

How can a country leave the European Union? Watch video to know more.

How can a country leave the European Union?

This segment of WION brings to you top stories of the morning from across the globe. Watch this video to get updated with the latest information.

WION Speed News: Watch top national and international news of the morning - August 29th, 2019

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson's controversial plans to suspend the country's Parliament has not gone down well with actor Hugh Grant.&nbsp; 
 
Grant on Wednesday branded the Britain PM as "an over-promoted rubber bath toy" on Twitter in a long rant which has garnered over 76,000 retweets so far.&nbsp; 
 
"You will not f*** with my children’s future," he wrote, quote-tweeting a video of Johnson explaining his plans. "You will not destroy the freedoms my grandfather fought two world wars to defend. 
 
"F*** off you over-promoted rubber bath toy. Britain is revolted by you and you little gang of masturbatory prefects,"the actor tweeted.

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<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
You will not fuck with my children’s future. You will not destroy the freedoms my grandfather fought two world wars to defend. Fuck off you over-promoted rubber bath toy. Britain is revolted by you and you little gang of masturbatory prefects. <a href="https://t.co/Oc0xwLI6dI">https://t.co/Oc0xwLI6dI</a>
— Hugh Grant (@HackedOffHugh) <a href="https://twitter.com/HackedOffHugh/status/1166740030947287040?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 28, 2019</a></blockquote>
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Johnson`s controversial demand to suspend Parliament prompted widespread criticism among his MPs, especially Speaker of the House of Commons John Bercow who called the Prime Minister`s manoeuvrings a "constitutional outrage." 
 
"Shutting down Parliament would be an offence against the democratic process and the rights of Parliamentarians as the people`s elected representatives," the speaker added. 
 
During a televised interview on Wednesday, Johnson denied that he was seeking to prevent the Parliament from limiting his Brexit plans." 
 
In a letter to lawmakers, the Prime Minister said that the Parliament "will have the opportunity to debate the Government`s overall program, and approach to Brexit, in the run-up to EU Council, and then vote on this on 21 and 22 October, once we know the outcome of the Council."Johnson is demanding that the EU reopens the Brexit agreement, which European leaders have been reluctant to do.&nbsp;

The criticism has not impacted Johnson's decision though as on Wednesday Queen Elizabeth II approved his request to suspend the British Parliament for five weeks from mid-September, shortening the time available to lawmakers to block a no-deal Brexit just weeks before the deadline of October 31. The suspension will begin no sooner than Monday (September 9) and no later than Thursday (September 12) and last until October 14.&nbsp;

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson's controversial plans to suspend the country's Parliament has not gone down well with actor Hugh Grant. Grant on Wednesday branded the Britain PM as "an over-promoted rubber bath toy" on Twitter in a long rant which has garnered over 76,000 retweets so far.

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson's controversial plans to suspend the country's Parliament has not gone down well with actor Hugh Grant. Grant on Wednesday branded the Britain PM as "an over-promoted rubber bath toy" on Twitter in a long rant which has garnered over 76,000 retweets so far. "You will not f*** with my children’s future," he wrote, quote-tweeting a video of Johnson explaining his plans. "You will not destroy the freedoms my grandfather fought two world wars to defend. "F*** off you over-promoted rubber bath toy. Britain is revolted by you and you little gang of masturbatory prefects,"the actor tweeted. You will not fuck with my children’s future. You will not destroy the freedoms my grandfather fought two world wars to defend. Fuck off you over-promoted rubber bath toy. Britain is revolted by you and you little gang of masturbatory prefects. https://t.co/Oc0xwLI6dI — Hugh Grant (@HackedOffHugh) August 28, 2019 × Johnson`s controversial demand to suspend Parliament prompted widespread criticism among his MPs, especially Speaker of the House of Commons John Bercow who called the Prime Minister`s manoeuvrings a "constitutional outrage." "Shutting down Parliament would be an offence against the democratic process and the rights of Parliamentarians as the people`s elected representatives," the speaker added. During a televised interview on Wednesday, Johnson denied that he was seeking to prevent the Parliament from limiting his Brexit plans." In a letter to lawmakers, the Prime Minister said that the Parliament "will have the opportunity to debate the Government`s overall program, and approach to Brexit, in the run-up to EU Council, and then vote on this on 21 and 22 October, once we know the outcome of the Council."Johnson is demanding that the EU reopens the Brexit agreement, which European leaders have been reluctant to do. The criticism has not impacted Johnson's decision though as on Wednesday Queen Elizabeth II approved his request to suspend the British Parliament for five weeks from mid-September, shortening the time available to lawmakers to block a no-deal Brexit just weeks before the deadline of October 31. The suspension will begin no sooner than Monday (September 9) and no later than Thursday (September 12) and last until October 14.

Hugh Grant slams Boris Johnson over his decision to suspend British Parliament

Nationwide protests have been planned as the Queen accepts Boris Johnson’s request to suspend Parliament.

Nationwide protests planned as Queen approves Parliament suspension

British Prime Minister <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/british-pm-confirms-parliament-suspension-until-october-14-246215">Boris Johnson</a> sparked fury Wednesday among pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal Brexit by forcing the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/queen-elizabeth-approves-british-parliament-suspension-246268">suspension of parliament </a>weeks before Britain's European Union (EU)&nbsp; departure date.

The pound slid on the surprise news, which opponents branded a "coup" and a "declaration of war" but Johnson claimed was necessary to allow him to pursue a "bold and ambitious" new domestic agenda.

It came a day after opposition parties vowed to seek legislative changes to prevent a no-deal Brexit.

Queen Elizabeth II approved the request to end what has been the longest session of parliament in nearly 400 years in the second week of September and reopen it on October 14 — just over two weeks before Brexit.

Thousands of people protested in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and other cities, while an online petition decrying the decision had garnered more than one million signatures within the space of a few hours by late Wednesday.

At the biggest rally, crowds gathered near parliament in London chanting "stop the coup" and waving EU flags.

"Parliament will have the opportunity to debate the government's overall programme, and approach to Brexit," Johnson, who leads the Conservative party, vowed in a letter to MPs.

However, his decision incensed lawmakers vehemently against Britain leaving the EU without a deal on October 31 as they will now have less time to try and thwart such a scenario.

Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the main opposition Labour Party, denounced the move as "a smash-and-grab against democracy" and reiterated he would call a no-confidence vote in Johnson's government, which commands a majority of just one seat.

Former chancellor Philip Hammond also pledged to keep fighting against no deal.

"It would be a constitutional outrage if parliament were prevented from holding the government to account at a time of national crisis," he said.&nbsp;

'Compliant PM'

US President Donald Trump weighed into the row by praising Johnson as "great" and claiming it would be "very hard" for Corbyn to topple him in a no-confidence vote.

The Labour leader shot back, tweeting Johnson was "a compliant Prime Minister who will hand Britain's public services and protections over to US corporations in a free trade deal".

In the seismic 2016 referendum on Britain's EU membership, 52 percent voted in favour of leaving the bloc, a result that has left parliament and the country bitterly divided.

Johnson insists Britain must leave by the October 31 deadline -- already twice-delayed -- with or without a divorce deal from Brussels.

Parliament has rejected three times the withdrawal agreement struck between Brussels and the government of Johnson's predecessor Theresa May.

Opposition lawmakers called it a "blind Brexit" while eurosceptics objected to a so-called "backstop" provision to keep the Irish border open for people and goods, which would keep Britain closely aligned with the EU.

Johnson wants the EU to drop the backstop measure entirely -- something Brussels has repeatedly ruled out.

In Paris, Britain's Brexit Secretary Stephen Barclay told a business conference Wednesday the EU would be blamed for a "lack of flexibility" on the backstop issue in the event of no deal.

The government's chief Brexit adviser David Frost was in Brussels for talks, but an EU summit on October 17-18 will likely determine whether there is any scope for compromise.

If not, Britain will end its four decades of membership without a deal governing future trade relations and citizens' rights.

The pound slumped more than one per cent at one point but shares rose as London-listed multinationals stand to gain from a weaker currency.

'Tinpot dictator'

Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon accused Johnson of acting like a "tinpot dictator" by pushing through an "outrageous assault on basic democratic principles".

Meanwhile, Ruth Davidson, the Conservative leader in Scotland, was set to resign Thursday in part due to opposition to Johnson's hardline Brexit strategy, according to reports.

More than 70 parliamentarians have launched a fast-track legal bid at the highest civil court in Scotland, aimed at preventing Johnson from suspending parliament.

Lawyers for Gina Miller, a businesswoman and leading anti-Brexit campaigner, said they were also challenging parliament's suspension in English courts.&nbsp;

Parliament typically goes into the recess around the annual party conference season, which kicks off on September 14 and ends on October 2.

Robert Craig, a constitutional expert at Durham University, said there was "theoretically absolutely nothing wrong" with the suspension, noting it was normal for a new leader to start afresh parliamentary session.

"But the reason that it is causing outrage is that it's reducing the number of available days for parliament to stop a no-deal." 
John Bercow, the speaker of parliament's lower House of Commons, who was not forewarned about Johnson's suspension decision, labelled it a "constitutional outrage".

"It is blindingly obvious that the purpose of prorogation now would be to stop parliament debating Brexit," he said.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson sparked fury Wednesday among pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal Brexit by forcing the suspension of parliament weeks before Britain's European Union (EU) departure date.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson sparked fury Wednesday among pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal Brexit by forcing the suspension of parliament weeks before Britain's European Union (EU) departure date. The pound slid on the surprise news, which opponents branded a "coup" and a "declaration of war" but Johnson claimed was necessary to allow him to pursue a "bold and ambitious" new domestic agenda. It came a day after opposition parties vowed to seek legislative changes to prevent a no-deal Brexit. Queen Elizabeth II approved the request to end what has been the longest session of parliament in nearly 400 years in the second week of September and reopen it on October 14 — just over two weeks before Brexit. Thousands of people protested in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and other cities, while an online petition decrying the decision had garnered more than one million signatures within the space of a few hours by late Wednesday. At the biggest rally, crowds gathered near parliament in London chanting "stop the coup" and waving EU flags. "Parliament will have the opportunity to debate the government's overall programme, and approach to Brexit," Johnson, who leads the Conservative party, vowed in a letter to MPs. However, his decision incensed lawmakers vehemently against Britain leaving the EU without a deal on October 31 as they will now have less time to try and thwart such a scenario. Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the main opposition Labour Party, denounced the move as "a smash-and-grab against democracy" and reiterated he would call a no-confidence vote in Johnson's government, which commands a majority of just one seat. Former chancellor Philip Hammond also pledged to keep fighting against no deal. "It would be a constitutional outrage if parliament were prevented from holding the government to account at a time of national crisis," he said. 'Compliant PM' US President Donald Trump weighed into the row by praising Johnson as "great" and claiming it would be "very hard" for Corbyn to topple him in a no-confidence vote. The Labour leader shot back, tweeting Johnson was "a compliant Prime Minister who will hand Britain's public services and protections over to US corporations in a free trade deal". In the seismic 2016 referendum on Britain's EU membership, 52 percent voted in favour of leaving the bloc, a result that has left parliament and the country bitterly divided. Johnson insists Britain must leave by the October 31 deadline -- already twice-delayed -- with or without a divorce deal from Brussels. Parliament has rejected three times the withdrawal agreement struck between Brussels and the government of Johnson's predecessor Theresa May. Opposition lawmakers called it a "blind Brexit" while eurosceptics objected to a so-called "backstop" provision to keep the Irish border open for people and goods, which would keep Britain closely aligned with the EU. Johnson wants the EU to drop the backstop measure entirely -- something Brussels has repeatedly ruled out. In Paris, Britain's Brexit Secretary Stephen Barclay told a business conference Wednesday the EU would be blamed for a "lack of flexibility" on the backstop issue in the event of no deal. The government's chief Brexit adviser David Frost was in Brussels for talks, but an EU summit on October 17-18 will likely determine whether there is any scope for compromise. If not, Britain will end its four decades of membership without a deal governing future trade relations and citizens' rights. The pound slumped more than one per cent at one point but shares rose as London-listed multinationals stand to gain from a weaker currency. 'Tinpot dictator' Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon accused Johnson of acting like a "tinpot dictator" by pushing through an "outrageous assault on basic democratic principles". Meanwhile, Ruth Davidson, the Conservative leader in Scotland, was set to resign Thursday in part due to opposition to Johnson's hardline Brexit strategy, according to reports. More than 70 parliamentarians have launched a fast-track legal bid at the highest civil court in Scotland, aimed at preventing Johnson from suspending parliament. Lawyers for Gina Miller, a businesswoman and leading anti-Brexit campaigner, said they were also challenging parliament's suspension in English courts. Parliament typically goes into the recess around the annual party conference season, which kicks off on September 14 and ends on October 2. Robert Craig, a constitutional expert at Durham University, said there was "theoretically absolutely nothing wrong" with the suspension, noting it was normal for a new leader to start afresh parliamentary session. "But the reason that it is causing outrage is that it's reducing the number of available days for parliament to stop a no-deal." John Bercow, the speaker of parliament's lower House of Commons, who was not forewarned about Johnson's suspension decision, labelled it a "constitutional outrage". "It is blindingly obvious that the purpose of prorogation now would be to stop parliament debating Brexit," he said.

Brexit: UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson sparks outrage after forcing suspension of parliament

Opponents of a no-deal Brexit have accused Boris Johnson of a “coup” against parliament, after it was announced that both the Commons and Lords will be suspended for more than a month in the run-up to the date of EU withdrawal.

Queen approves Boris Johnson request to suspend parliament

British newspaper frontpages joined on Thursday (August 29) a heated debated about British Prime Minister Boris Johnson's decision to suspend parliament. Watch this video to know more.

WION Dispatch: British newspapers' punning headlines mocks Boris Johnson

Prime Minister Boris Johnson's suspension of parliament weeks before Britain's EU departure date faced legal challenges on Thursday following a furious outcry from pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal Brexit.

The Conservative leader announced the surprise decision Wednesday to dismiss parliament -- known as proroguing -- for nearly five weeks next month, claiming it was necessary to allow him to pursue a "bold and ambitious" new domestic agenda.

But the move sent shockwaves through the British political system, which relies on centuries of precedents and conventions instead of a codified constitution.

Opponents labelled the suspension a "coup" and a "constitutional outrage" and it prompted immediate court bids in London and Edinburgh to halt the process.

Gina Miller, a businesswoman and leading anti-Brexit campaigner, said she had applied for an urgent judicial review challenging "the effect and the intention" of the suspension.

"We think that this request is illegal," said Miller, who in 2017 successfully won MPs the right to vote on formally starting to leave the EU in a court challenge.

"There is no example in modern history when prorogation has been used in this way," she told BBC radio.

"It is being used to hamper, in our view, parliament legislating against no deal."

Meanwhile, Scottish National Party (SNP) politician Joanna Cherry said lawyers had applied for an urgent interim hearing at Scotland's highest civil court which they hoped would take place as early as Thursday.

However, arch-Brexiteer minister Jacob Rees-Mogg defended the suspension and insisted MPs would still have time to debate Brexit ahead of Britain's October 31 EU departure date.

"The candyfloss of outrage, which is almost entirely confected, is from people who never wanted to leave the European Union," he told BBC radio. 
'National crisis'

Thousands of people protested in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and other cities, while an online petition seeking to block the decision had garnered more than 1.2 million signatures by early Thursday.

At the biggest rally, crowds gathered near parliament in London chanting "stop the coup" and waving EU flags.

Queen Elizabeth II approved the request to end what has been the longest session of parliament in nearly 400 years in the second week of September and reopen it on October 14 — just over two weeks before Brexit.

The House of Commons typically goes into recess around the annual party conference season, which kicks off on September 14 and ends on October 2, but critics slammed this more lengthy break.

Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the main opposition Labour Party, denounced the move as "a smash-and-grab against democracy" and reiterated that he may call a no-confidence vote in Johnson's government, which commands a majority of just one seat.

Labour's Barry Gardiner said Thursday that the party would push for an emergency debate when parliament returned on Monday to kickstart the legislative process to prevent a no-deal Brexit.

Former Conservative chancellor Philip Hammond also pledged to keep fighting against no deal.

"It would be a constitutional outrage if parliament were prevented from holding the government to account at a time of national crisis," he said.&nbsp; 
The pound remained under pressure Thursday after sliding on news of the suspension.&nbsp;

Meanwhile, Ruth Davidson, Conservative leader in Scotland, was set to resign in part due to opposition to Johnson's hardline Brexit strategy, according to reports.

'Affront to democracy'

In the seismic 2016 referendum on Britain's EU membership, 52 percent voted in favour of leaving the bloc, a result that has left parliament and the country bitterly divided.

Johnson insists Britain must leave by the October 31 deadline -- already twice-delayed -- with or without a divorce deal from Brussels.

Parliament has rejected three times the withdrawal agreement struck between Brussels and the government of Johnson's predecessor Theresa May.

Opposition lawmakers opposed it as a "blind Brexit" while eurosceptics objected to a so-called "backstop" provision to keep the Irish border open for people and goods, which would keep Britain closely aligned with the EU.

Johnson, who took office barely a month ago, wants the EU to drop the backstop measure entirely -- something Brussels has repeatedly ruled out.

An EU summit on October 17-18 will likely determine whether there is any scope for compromise.

If not, Britain will end its four decades of membership without a deal governing future trade relations and citizens' rights.

The prime minister's move dominated the newspapers Thursday, with The Times saying Johnson had "pushed Britain to the brink of a constitutional crisis".

The Guardian predicted a "historic parliamentary clash" as his opponents seek to prevent a no-deal Brexit, while The Financial Times in an editorial said Johnson's suspension of parliament "is an affront to democracy".

Prime Minister Boris Johnson's suspension of parliament weeks before Britain's EU departure date faced legal challenges on Thursday following a furious outcry from pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal Brexit.

Prime Minister Boris Johnson's suspension of parliament weeks before Britain's EU departure date faced legal challenges on Thursday following a furious outcry from pro-Europeans and MPs opposed to a no-deal Brexit. The Conservative leader announced the surprise decision Wednesday to dismiss parliament -- known as proroguing -- for nearly five weeks next month, claiming it was necessary to allow him to pursue a "bold and ambitious" new domestic agenda. But the move sent shockwaves through the British political system, which relies on centuries of precedents and conventions instead of a codified constitution. Opponents labelled the suspension a "coup" and a "constitutional outrage" and it prompted immediate court bids in London and Edinburgh to halt the process. Gina Miller, a businesswoman and leading anti-Brexit campaigner, said she had applied for an urgent judicial review challenging "the effect and the intention" of the suspension. "We think that this request is illegal," said Miller, who in 2017 successfully won MPs the right to vote on formally starting to leave the EU in a court challenge. "There is no example in modern history when prorogation has been used in this way," she told BBC radio. "It is being used to hamper, in our view, parliament legislating against no deal." Meanwhile, Scottish National Party (SNP) politician Joanna Cherry said lawyers had applied for an urgent interim hearing at Scotland's highest civil court which they hoped would take place as early as Thursday. However, arch-Brexiteer minister Jacob Rees-Mogg defended the suspension and insisted MPs would still have time to debate Brexit ahead of Britain's October 31 EU departure date. "The candyfloss of outrage, which is almost entirely confected, is from people who never wanted to leave the European Union," he told BBC radio. 'National crisis' Thousands of people protested in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and other cities, while an online petition seeking to block the decision had garnered more than 1.2 million signatures by early Thursday. At the biggest rally, crowds gathered near parliament in London chanting "stop the coup" and waving EU flags. Queen Elizabeth II approved the request to end what has been the longest session of parliament in nearly 400 years in the second week of September and reopen it on October 14 — just over two weeks before Brexit. The House of Commons typically goes into recess around the annual party conference season, which kicks off on September 14 and ends on October 2, but critics slammed this more lengthy break. Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the main opposition Labour Party, denounced the move as "a smash-and-grab against democracy" and reiterated that he may call a no-confidence vote in Johnson's government, which commands a majority of just one seat. Labour's Barry Gardiner said Thursday that the party would push for an emergency debate when parliament returned on Monday to kickstart the legislative process to prevent a no-deal Brexit. Former Conservative chancellor Philip Hammond also pledged to keep fighting against no deal. "It would be a constitutional outrage if parliament were prevented from holding the government to account at a time of national crisis," he said. The pound remained under pressure Thursday after sliding on news of the suspension. Meanwhile, Ruth Davidson, Conservative leader in Scotland, was set to resign in part due to opposition to Johnson's hardline Brexit strategy, according to reports. 'Affront to democracy' In the seismic 2016 referendum on Britain's EU membership, 52 percent voted in favour of leaving the bloc, a result that has left parliament and the country bitterly divided. Johnson insists Britain must leave by the October 31 deadline -- already twice-delayed -- with or without a divorce deal from Brussels. Parliament has rejected three times the withdrawal agreement struck between Brussels and the government of Johnson's predecessor Theresa May. Opposition lawmakers opposed it as a "blind Brexit" while eurosceptics objected to a so-called "backstop" provision to keep the Irish border open for people and goods, which would keep Britain closely aligned with the EU. Johnson, who took office barely a month ago, wants the EU to drop the backstop measure entirely -- something Brussels has repeatedly ruled out. An EU summit on October 17-18 will likely determine whether there is any scope for compromise. If not, Britain will end its four decades of membership without a deal governing future trade relations and citizens' rights. The prime minister's move dominated the newspapers Thursday, with The Times saying Johnson had "pushed Britain to the brink of a constitutional crisis". The Guardian predicted a "historic parliamentary clash" as his opponents seek to prevent a no-deal Brexit, while The Financial Times in an editorial said Johnson's suspension of parliament "is an affront to democracy".

Court bids launched to stop Johnson suspending UK parliament

Britain's Queen Elizabeth has approved Prime Minister Boris Johnson's plan to suspend parliament, a statement from the official body of advisers to the Queen, known as the Privy Council, said on Wednesday.

Britain's Queen Elizabeth has approved Prime Minister Boris Johnson's plan to suspend parliament, a statement from the official body of advisers to the Queen, known as the Privy Council, said on Wednesday. The statement confirmed that parliament would be suspended on a day between September 9 and September 12, until October 14. "It is this day ordered by Her Majesty in Council that the Parliament be prorogued on a day no earlier than Monday the 9th day of September and no later than Thursday the 12th day of September 2019 to Monday the 14th day of October 2019," the statement said. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson moved to limit parliament's opportunity to derail Brexit by cutting the amount of time it sits between now and EU exit day on October 31, infuriating opponents who accused him of leading a "very British coup". × In his boldest move yet to take the country out of the European Union with or without a divorce deal, Johnson said he would set October 14 for the Queen's Speech - the formal state opening of a new session of parliament that is proceeded by a suspension of the House of Commons. That would effectively shut parliament from mid-September for around a month. Raising the stakes in the constitutional crisis gripping Britain, it could also force Johnson's opponents to up their own game by calling a no-confidence vote in the government, potentially leading to an election.

Queen Elizabeth approves British parliament suspension

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/british-pm-confirms-parliament-suspension-until-october-14-246215">British PM Johnson confirms parliament suspension until October 14</a>

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday confirmed&nbsp;parliament suspension until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/jaishankar-briefs-russian-foreign-minister-lavrov-on-kashmir-discusses-upcoming-visit-of-pm-modi-to-russia-246240">Jaishankar briefs Russian foreign minister Lavrov on Kashmir; discusses upcoming visit of PM Modi to Russia</a>

India's&nbsp;external affairs minister S Jaishankar&nbsp;who is on a two-day India visit to Moscow held "intensive and focused" bilateral talks with his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov in the Russian capital during which he briefed him about abrogation of Article 370.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/governor-satya-pal-malik-outlines-jks-economic-plan-announces-50000-government-jobs-for-youth-246247">Governor Satya Pal Malik outlines J&amp;K's economic plan; announces 50,000 government jobs for youth</a>

Jammu and Kashmir(J&amp;K) Governor Satya Pal Malik on Wednesday announced 50,000 jobs were available in the&nbsp;J&amp;K administration&nbsp;as he appealed to the youth to get involved.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-set-to-outlaw-six-single-use-plastic-products-on-october-2-sources-246233">India set to outlaw six single-use plastic products on October 2: Sources</a>

India is set to impose a nationwide ban on&nbsp;plastic&nbsp;bags, cups and straws on October 2, officials said, in its most sweeping measure yet to stamp out single-use plastics from cities and villages that rank among the world's most polluted.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/as-imran-khan-completes-one-year-in-power-pakistans-fiscal-deficit-on-three-decade-high-246246">As Imran Khan completes one year in power, Pakistan's fiscal deficit on three-decade high</a>

The annual fiscal&nbsp;deficit of Pakistan&nbsp;rose to the highest in the last three decades at 8.9 per cent for the financial year 2018-19. The fiscal deficit is a difference between revenues and expenditures of the federal government.

British PM Johnson confirms parliament suspension until October 14 British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday confirmed parliament suspension until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan.

British PM Johnson confirms parliament suspension until October 14 British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday confirmed parliament suspension until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan. Jaishankar briefs Russian foreign minister Lavrov on Kashmir; discusses upcoming visit of PM Modi to Russia India's external affairs minister S Jaishankar who is on a two-day India visit to Moscow held "intensive and focused" bilateral talks with his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov in the Russian capital during which he briefed him about abrogation of Article 370. Governor Satya Pal Malik outlines J&K's economic plan; announces 50,000 government jobs for youth Jammu and Kashmir(J&K) Governor Satya Pal Malik on Wednesday announced 50,000 jobs were available in the J&K administration as he appealed to the youth to get involved. India set to outlaw six single-use plastic products on October 2: Sources India is set to impose a nationwide ban on plastic bags, cups and straws on October 2, officials said, in its most sweeping measure yet to stamp out single-use plastics from cities and villages that rank among the world's most polluted. As Imran Khan completes one year in power, Pakistan's fiscal deficit on three-decade high The annual fiscal deficit of Pakistan rose to the highest in the last three decades at 8.9 per cent for the financial year 2018-19. The fiscal deficit is a difference between revenues and expenditures of the federal government.

News brief: Big stories of the day

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson moved to limit parliament's opportunity to derail Brexit by cutting the amount of time it sits between now and EU exit day on October 31, infuriating opponents who accused him of leading a "very British coup".

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson moved to limit parliament's opportunity to derail Brexit by cutting the amount of time it sits between now and EU exit day on October 31, infuriating opponents who accused him of leading a "very British coup". In his boldest move yet to take the country out of the European Union with or without a divorce deal, Johnson said he would set Oct. 14 for the Queen's Speech - the formal state opening of a new session of parliament that is proceeded by a suspension of the House of Commons. That would effectively shut parliament from mid-September for around a month. Raising the stakes in the constitutional crisis gripping Britain, it could also force Johnson's opponents to up their own game by calling a no-confidence vote in the government, potentially leading to an election. The news sent the pound down sharply. The Church of England said a chaotic EU exit would hurt the poor and fail to bring reconciliation or peace in a fractured country. Asked in a broadcast interview if he was trying to block politicians from delaying Britain's departure from the EU, Johnson replied: "That is completely untrue. "There will be ample time on both sides of that crucial October 17 (European Union leaders') summit, ample time in parliament for MPs (Members of Parliament) to debate the EU, to debate Brexit and all the other issues, ample time." The move provoked outrage amongst Johnson's opponents and even some senior politicians in his own Conservative Party. "Make no mistake, this is a very British coup," John McDonnell, the second most powerful man in the opposition Labour Party, said. "Whatever one's views on Brexit, once you allow a prime minister to prevent the full and free operation of our democratic institutions you are on a very precarious path." Uncharted territory More than three years after the United Kingdom voted 52% to 48% to quit the European Union, it is still unclear on what terms - or indeed whether - the bloc's second-largest economy will leave the club it joined in 1973. With just 65 days until exit day, parliamentarians are battling to prevent the prime minister from steering the country out of the EU without a transition deal, pitching one of Europe's most stable countries into uncharted territory. On Tuesday, the leaders of Britain's opposition parties had agreed to seek to use parliamentary procedure to force Johnson to ask Brussels for a delay to Brexit beyond Oct. 31. But with the prime minister finally showing his hand, they may try to bring him down instead. With Johnson holding a working majority of just one seat in the 650-seat parliament, members of his Conservative Party who oppose a no-deal Brexit will have to decide where their loyalties lie. "I think (a no-confidence vote) is more likely, because if it is impossible to prevent prorogation, then I think it's going to be very difficult for people like myself to keep confidence in the government," pro-EU Conservative lawmaker Dominic Grieve said, using an alternative term for the suspension of parliament. While suspending parliament ahead of a Queen's Speech is the historical norm in Britain, the decision to limit parliamentary scrutiny weeks before the country's most contentious policy decision in decades prompted an immediate outcry. Parliament's speaker John Bercow, a powerful figure who has shown a willingness to break procedural precedents in order to ensure lawmakers can debate Brexit fully, said it was "blindingly obvious" the move was designed to restrict debate. "Shutting down Parliament would be an offence against the democratic process and the rights of Parliamentarians as the people’s elected representatives," Bercow, who voted to remain in the EU in 2016, said in a statement. Constitutional outrage Philip Hammond, a member of Johnson's party and former finance minister who has pledged to block a disorderly Brexit, said it would be a constitutional outrage if parliament cannot hold the government to account. Sterling fell sharply, losing around a cent against the U.S. dollar and the euro, as investors took the news as a sign that a no-deal Brexit, and the prospect of a hit to Britain's economy, was more likely. Johnson argued, however, that the move was designed to allow his government to press on with its domestic agenda. Typically, a Queen's Speech is held every year. Johnson is a new prime minister, who took over from Theresa May in July, and so would be expected to have his own legislative priorities. He says he wants to agree a divorce deal with Brussels but needs the bloc to change its stance on a key sticking point around neighbour Ireland first. A leading campaigner in the 2016 Brexit referendum, he has also said Britain must leave the EU to maintain faith in politics. Parliament returns from its summer break on Sept. 3 and had been expected to sit for two weeks before breaking up again to allow political parties to hold their annual conferences. Typically it begins sitting again in early October. The Queen's Speech is the formal state opening of a new session of parliament at which Queen Elizabeth, 93, reads a speech prepared by the government. A Queen's Speech on Oct. 14 would delay parliament's return and leave lawmakers with just over two weeks until Britain is due to leave the EU on Oct. 31. Those lawmakers opposed to a no-deal Brexit will likely have to make their response next week if they are to avoid running out of time.

Uproar as British PM Johnson cuts parliament time before Brexit

Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday said he planned to prorogue, or suspend, parliament just days from now to hamper efforts by lawmakers to quash a no-deal Brexit. Watch this video to know more.

News Alert: UK Parliament to be suspended

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday confirmed parliament suspension until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday confirmed parliament suspension until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan. The move, reported by the British media BBC and The Guardian, limits the amount of parliamentary time available to lawmakers who want to prevent the prime minister from leaving the EU without an exit deal. It comes a day after lawmakers who are opposed to a so-called no-deal Brexit met to discuss ways they could use parliamentary procedure to force Johnson to seek a delay to Brexit. A meeting about the government's move to limit parliamentary time took place at Queen Elizabeth's Scottish summer residence in Balmoral on Wednesday. Parliament returns on September 3 and had been expected to sit for two weeks before breaking up again to allow each national political party to hold their annual conference. Typically it begins sitting again in early October. The BBC said Johnson would set an October 14 date for the Queen's Speech - the formal state opening of a new session of parliament at which Queen Elizabeth reads a speech prepared by the government, setting out a legislative agenda for the coming year. A Queen's Speech on October 14 would delay parliament's return, and leave lawmakers with just over two weeks until Britain is due to leave the EU on October 31. (With inputs from agencies)

British PM Johnson confirms parliament suspension until October 14

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uk-alone-will-be-to-blame-for-no-deal-brexit-eu-tells-johnson-246104">Britain's government</a> will seek to extend the period during which parliament does not normally sit, shutting it for around a month until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan, the BBC reported.

The move, also reported by the Guardian, limits the amount of parliamentary time available to lawmakers who want to prevent Prime Minister Boris Johnson from leaving the EU without an exit deal.

Johnson's office did not immediately comment on the reports, which caused the pound to fall.

It comes a day after lawmakers who are opposed to a so-called <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/britains-corbyn-will-do-everything-necessary-to-stop-no-deal-brexit-245995">no-deal Brexit</a> met to discuss ways they could use parliamentary procedure to force Johnson to seek a delay to Brexit.

A meeting about the government's move to limit parliamentary time was due to take place at Queen Elizabeth's Scottish summer residence in Balmoral on Wednesday, the Guardian's political editor, Heather Stewart, said on Twitter.

"Suggestion from more than one source of a Privy Council meeting at Balmoral today, to discuss/agree extending the conference recess until 14 October," Stewart said.

Buckingham Palace declined to comment.

Boris Johnson; Britain's biggest embarrassment

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The BBC's political editor Laura Kuenssberg said senior ministers would hold a conference call on Wednesday morning.

Parliament returns on September 3 and had been expected to sit for two weeks before breaking up again to allow each national political party to hold their annual conference. Typically it begins sitting again in early October.

The BBC said Johnson would set an October 14 date for the Queen's Speech - the formal state opening of a new session of parliament at which Queen Elizabeth reads a speech prepared by the government, setting out a legislative agenda for the coming year.

A Queen's Speech on October 14 would delay parliament's return, and leave lawmakers with just over two weeks until Britain is due to leave the EU on October 31.

Britain's government will seek to extend the period during which parliament does not normally sit, shutting it for around a month until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan, the BBC reported.

Britain's government will seek to extend the period during which parliament does not normally sit, shutting it for around a month until October 14, as part of a drive to prevent politicians from derailing its Brexit plan, the BBC reported. The move, also reported by the Guardian, limits the amount of parliamentary time available to lawmakers who want to prevent Prime Minister Boris Johnson from leaving the EU without an exit deal. Johnson's office did not immediately comment on the reports, which caused the pound to fall. It comes a day after lawmakers who are opposed to a so-called no-deal Brexit met to discuss ways they could use parliamentary procedure to force Johnson to seek a delay to Brexit. A meeting about the government's move to limit parliamentary time was due to take place at Queen Elizabeth's Scottish summer residence in Balmoral on Wednesday, the Guardian's political editor, Heather Stewart, said on Twitter. "Suggestion from more than one source of a Privy Council meeting at Balmoral today, to discuss/agree extending the conference recess until 14 October," Stewart said. Buckingham Palace declined to comment. Boris Johnson; Britain's biggest embarrassment The BBC's political editor Laura Kuenssberg said senior ministers would hold a conference call on Wednesday morning. Parliament returns on September 3 and had been expected to sit for two weeks before breaking up again to allow each national political party to hold their annual conference. Typically it begins sitting again in early October. The BBC said Johnson would set an October 14 date for the Queen's Speech - the formal state opening of a new session of parliament at which Queen Elizabeth reads a speech prepared by the government, setting out a legislative agenda for the coming year. A Queen's Speech on October 14 would delay parliament's return, and leave lawmakers with just over two weeks until Britain is due to leave the EU on October 31.

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson plans to restrict parliament time before Brexit: Report

Britain will be solely to blame if it crashes out of the EU in a chaotic "no-deal" Brexit, the bloc told Prime Minister Boris Johnson Tuesday in the latest clash between Brussels and London.

Britain will be solely to blame if it crashes out of the EU in a chaotic "no-deal" Brexit, the bloc told Prime Minister Boris Johnson Tuesday in the latest clash between Brussels and London. With the clock ticking and Johnson adamant the EU must accept significant changes to the existing withdrawal agreement, fears are growing that Britain could leave without a deal, causing major economic turmoil. Days after Johnson and EU Council President Donald Tusk traded jibes over who would be responsible if Britain leaves the bloc on October 31 without an agreement, European Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker waded into the row. EU countries have challenged Johnson to come up with workable alternatives to the "Irish backstop" arrangements that he insists must be changed and Juncker used a phone call with the British leader to insist the bloc would not be to blame if things fall apart. "He recalled that while the EU is fully prepared for a 'no-deal' scenario, it will do everything it can to avoid such a situation," the commission said in a statement outlining the call. "A 'no-deal' scenario will only ever be the UK's decision, not the EU's." Brexit Party leader Nigel Farage on Tuesday urged Johnson to abandon the existing withdrawal agreement struck by previous premier Theresa May and quit the bloc without a deal. Johnson is adamant the withdrawal agreement struck by May -- rejected by his lawmakers three times -- is dead in the water and changes must be made, particularly on arrangements for the border between EU member Ireland and British-ruled Northern Ireland. After talks in Paris and Berlin last week and at the G7 at the weekend, Johnson said the chances of reaching a deal with the EU that he can approve were "marginally" higher. Juncker's office said he had "repeated his willingness to work constructively with Prime Minister Johnson and to look at any concrete proposals he may have, as long as they are compatible with the withdrawal agreement". "President Juncker underlined that the EU27's support for Ireland is steadfast and that the EU will continue to be very attentive to Ireland’s interests," the statement said.

UK alone will be to blame for no-deal Brexit: EU tells Prime Minister Johnson

In a meet with Indian PM Modi, U.S President Donald Trump said that it would be best if the Kashmir issue is resolved bilaterally.

Trump changes tune on Kashmir issue

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