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A unique triple star system has been discovered using NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and Artificial Intelligence. A group of NASA astronomers and citizen scientists were stunned to see a distant trio of celestial objects locked with each other.&nbsp;

Designated TIC 290061484, details about the groundbreaking discovery have been published in The Astrophysical Journal. The system comprises two inner stars, both of which orbit each other every 1.8 days. The third star moves around this pair of stars and takes a little longer to complete one orbit, which happens in nearly 25 days.

The outer star has broken a nearly 70-year-old record for the shortest outer orbital period in such systems. The previous record was held by a third star that orbited an inner pair in 33 days which was found in 1956.

The discovery happened after TESS observed cosmic "strobe lights". Launched in April 2018, TESS has been purposed to find exoplanets and gaze into different star systems with its four high-powered cameras.&nbsp;

The TIC system is almost flat, making it easy for the satellite to detect changes in light as they pass in front of each other. The stars cross right in front of, or eclipse, each other while orbiting. At this moment, the nearer star blocks some of the farther star's light.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="Earth has hosted mini-moons before and one of them will revisit in 27 years">Earth has hosted mini-moons before and one of them will revisit in 27 years</a>

The trip bound to each other was found through flickers in starlight. The flickers were recorded and passed through a machine learning program, after which the pattern of dimming and brightening was found, indicating a three-star system.

Citizen scientists, IA Terentev of Russia and HM Schwengeler of Switzerland were then called in to examine the images taken by TESS and look for the large number of eclipses indicative of a 2+1 triple system.

They are part of the Visual Survey Group, where volunteers sort through images to help professional astronomers.

“It’s exciting to identify a system like this because they’re rarely found, but they may be more common than current tallies suggest,” Saul Rappaport, an emeritus professor at MIT, who led the Visual Survey Group and worked on the study, said in a statement.

"We're mainly looking for signatures of compact multi-star systems, unusual pulsating stars in binary systems, and weird objects," he added.

The orbits of the three stars is so tight that it can fit inside that of Mercury’s orbit around our Sun. This has meant that no planet was able to be born in the system. The study further says that the three stars will merge in about 20 million years, resulting in a supernova explosion.

A unique triple star system has been discovered using NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and Artificial Intelligence. A group of NASA astronomers and citizen scientists were stunned to see a distant trio of celestial objects locked with each other.

A unique triple star system has been discovered using NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and Artificial Intelligence. A group of NASA astronomers and citizen scientists were stunned to see a distant trio of celestial objects locked with each other. Designated TIC 290061484, details about the groundbreaking discovery have been published in The Astrophysical Journal. The system comprises two inner stars, both of which orbit each other every 1.8 days. The third star moves around this pair of stars and takes a little longer to complete one orbit, which happens in nearly 25 days. The outer star has broken a nearly 70-year-old record for the shortest outer orbital period in such systems. The previous record was held by a third star that orbited an inner pair in 33 days which was found in 1956. The discovery happened after TESS observed cosmic "strobe lights". Launched in April 2018, TESS has been purposed to find exoplanets and gaze into different star systems with its four high-powered cameras. The TIC system is almost flat, making it easy for the satellite to detect changes in light as they pass in front of each other. The stars cross right in front of, or eclipse, each other while orbiting. At this moment, the nearer star blocks some of the farther star's light. Also Read: Earth has hosted mini-moons before and one of them will revisit in 27 years The trip bound to each other was found through flickers in starlight. The flickers were recorded and passed through a machine learning program, after which the pattern of dimming and brightening was found, indicating a three-star system. Citizen scientists, IA Terentev of Russia and HM Schwengeler of Switzerland were then called in to examine the images taken by TESS and look for the large number of eclipses indicative of a 2+1 triple system. They are part of the Visual Survey Group, where volunteers sort through images to help professional astronomers. “It’s exciting to identify a system like this because they’re rarely found, but they may be more common than current tallies suggest,” Saul Rappaport, an emeritus professor at MIT, who led the Visual Survey Group and worked on the study, said in a statement. "We're mainly looking for signatures of compact multi-star systems, unusual pulsating stars in binary systems, and weird objects," he added. The orbits of the three stars is so tight that it can fit inside that of Mercury’s orbit around our Sun. This has meant that no planet was able to be born in the system. The study further says that the three stars will merge in about 20 million years, resulting in a supernova explosion.

Star circling two other stars that orbit each other shatters a 70-year-old record

The massive asteroid that is believed to have ended the era of dinosaurs when it crashed into Earth some 66 million years ago was not the only culprit, researchers found recently.

After performing detailed scans of an underwater crater off the coast of Guinea in West Africa, researchers discovered that it was created when another large asteroid smashed into Earth around the same time at the end of the Cretaceous period.

The violent collision between 65 million and 67 million years ago produced a crater more than five miles across, the scans reveal. Scientists estimate that the asteroid measured a quarter of a mile wide struck Earth at nearly 45,000 miles per hour.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earth-has-hosted-mini-moons-before-and-one-of-them-will-revisit-in-27-years-764394">Earth has hosted mini-moons in the past, and one of them will revisit in 27 years</a>

Though the other space rock was much smaller than the asteroid that caused the mass extinction of dinosaurs, it was large enough to leave scars on the face of the planet.&nbsp;

“The new images paint a picture of the catastrophic event,” said Dr Uisdean Nicholson, a marine geologist at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, who first discovered the Nadir crater in 2022. At the time, the details of the impact were unclear.

<h2>Impact of another massive collision</h2>

Scientists devised 3D seismic imaging to map the crater rim on the Earth to further understand about the impact of the second collision. The team also analysed the scars that lie 30 metres beneath the ocean floor.&nbsp;

“There are around 20 confirmed marine craters worldwide, and none of them has been captured in anything close to this level of detail,” said Nicholson. “It’s exquisite.”

Researchers found that the collision set off intense tremors that liquefied beneath the ocean floor causing faults to form below the seabed. This impact triggered landslides with visible traces thousands of square miles beyond the crater rim and also created a tsunami more than 800 metres high that would have travelled across the Atlantic.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earth-has-a-hidden-massive-sixth-ocean-in-a-crystal-structure-under-its-crust-heres-why-764140">Earth has a hidden massive sixth ocean in a crystal structure under its crust. Here's why</a>

The details of the research are published in Nature Communications Earth &amp; Environment.

The team of researchers though cannot pinpoint the exact location where the asteroid struck the Earth, the discovery of the crater and its approximate age has itself prompted speculation that it may have belonged to a cluster of dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period.

“The closest humans have come to seeing something like this is the 1908 Tunguska event, when a 50-metre asteroid entered Earth’s atmosphere and exploded in the skies above Siberia,” Nicholson said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The massive asteroid that is believed to have ended the era of dinosaurs when it crashed into Earth some 66 million years ago was not the only culprit, researchers found recently.

The massive asteroid that is believed to have ended the era of dinosaurs when it crashed into Earth some 66 million years ago was not the only culprit, researchers found recently. After performing detailed scans of an underwater crater off the coast of Guinea in West Africa, researchers discovered that it was created when another large asteroid smashed into Earth around the same time at the end of the Cretaceous period. The violent collision between 65 million and 67 million years ago produced a crater more than five miles across, the scans reveal. Scientists estimate that the asteroid measured a quarter of a mile wide struck Earth at nearly 45,000 miles per hour. Also Read | Earth has hosted mini-moons in the past, and one of them will revisit in 27 years Though the other space rock was much smaller than the asteroid that caused the mass extinction of dinosaurs, it was large enough to leave scars on the face of the planet. “The new images paint a picture of the catastrophic event,” said Dr Uisdean Nicholson, a marine geologist at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, who first discovered the Nadir crater in 2022. At the time, the details of the impact were unclear. Impact of another massive collision Scientists devised 3D seismic imaging to map the crater rim on the Earth to further understand about the impact of the second collision. The team also analysed the scars that lie 30 metres beneath the ocean floor. “There are around 20 confirmed marine craters worldwide, and none of them has been captured in anything close to this level of detail,” said Nicholson. “It’s exquisite.” Researchers found that the collision set off intense tremors that liquefied beneath the ocean floor causing faults to form below the seabed. This impact triggered landslides with visible traces thousands of square miles beyond the crater rim and also created a tsunami more than 800 metres high that would have travelled across the Atlantic. Also Read | Earth has a hidden massive sixth ocean in a crystal structure under its crust. Here's why The details of the research are published in Nature Communications Earth & Environment. The team of researchers though cannot pinpoint the exact location where the asteroid struck the Earth, the discovery of the crater and its approximate age has itself prompted speculation that it may have belonged to a cluster of dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period. “The closest humans have come to seeing something like this is the 1908 Tunguska event, when a 50-metre asteroid entered Earth’s atmosphere and exploded in the skies above Siberia,” Nicholson said. (With inputs from agencies)

Massive asteroid that eradicated dinosaurs when it crashed into Earth was not alone: Researchers

While humans are advancing to the age of using automation and artificially intelligent technologies, our furry friends may be confused or cautious of them. A video has surfaced&nbsp;on social media showing a humorous exchange between real dogs and a robot dog.

The clip shows a robot dog approaching and attempting to interact with three dogs. One of the dogs jogs towards the robot dog, curious about what it is just as the robot moves in its direction. When the dog reaches close enough, it watches it cautiously and then runs away, looking scared. The robot dog even stops and waves at the small dog.

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Robot dogs are designed to mimic the appearance, behavior, and functions of real dogs. These robots come in various forms, ranging from simple toy-like versions to advanced models equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated sensors.<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/robots?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#robots</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/robotics?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#robotics</a>… <a href="https://t.co/Z9WU2djZ8N">pic.twitter.com/Z9WU2djZ8N</a>
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Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/meta-inspired-creepy-ai-spectacles-can-find-strangers-names-and-addresses-764213">Meta-inspired creepy AI spectacles can find strangers' names and addresses</a>

The robot then follows the second dog, bigger than the first one, who appears equally scared and rushes away. Humorously, the robot can be seen running and chasing after the two dogs, as the scared pets attempt to get far away.

The four-legged machine walks smoothly first on the path and then on the uneven surface of the grass, without any trouble. While the silver and grey-coloured robot dog lacks a tail, it balances itself well.

The caption read, “Robot dogs are designed to mimic the appearance, behaviour, and functions of real dogs. These robots come in various forms, ranging from simple toy-like versions to advanced models equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated sensors.”

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/weird-origin-of-radio-waves-which-travelled-eight-billion-years-to-earth-found-is-it-alien-signal-or-764143">'Weird' origin of radio waves, which travelled eight billion years to Earth, found. Is it alien signal or...?</a>

The video is shared on X by Wevolver, a tech company. According to their bio, “Wevolver is the platform that provides the knowledge and connections to develop better technology.”&nbsp;

The company has shared various videos of robotics and engineering and has a following of over 48.7k on its X handle. As per their website, their team is based across five continents and is listed among the Top 20 Most Innovative Web-platforms by Fast Company, an American monthly business magazine.

(With inputs from agencies)

While humans are advancing to the age of using automation and artificially intelligent technologies, our furry friends may be confused or cautious of them. A video has surfaced on social media showing a humorous exchange between real dogs and a robot dog.

While humans are advancing to the age of using automation and artificially intelligent technologies, our furry friends may be confused or cautious of them. A video has surfaced on social media showing a humorous exchange between real dogs and a robot dog. The clip shows a robot dog approaching and attempting to interact with three dogs. One of the dogs jogs towards the robot dog, curious about what it is just as the robot moves in its direction. When the dog reaches close enough, it watches it cautiously and then runs away, looking scared. The robot dog even stops and waves at the small dog. Robot dogs are designed to mimic the appearance, behavior, and functions of real dogs. These robots come in various forms, ranging from simple toy-like versions to advanced models equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated sensors.#robots #robotics… pic.twitter.com/Z9WU2djZ8N — Wevolver (@WevolverApp) October 2, 2024 × Also read | Meta-inspired creepy AI spectacles can find strangers' names and addresses The robot then follows the second dog, bigger than the first one, who appears equally scared and rushes away. Humorously, the robot can be seen running and chasing after the two dogs, as the scared pets attempt to get far away. The four-legged machine walks smoothly first on the path and then on the uneven surface of the grass, without any trouble. While the silver and grey-coloured robot dog lacks a tail, it balances itself well. The caption read, “Robot dogs are designed to mimic the appearance, behaviour, and functions of real dogs. These robots come in various forms, ranging from simple toy-like versions to advanced models equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated sensors.” Also read | 'Weird' origin of radio waves, which travelled eight billion years to Earth, found. Is it alien signal or...? The video is shared on X by Wevolver, a tech company. According to their bio, “Wevolver is the platform that provides the knowledge and connections to develop better technology.” The company has shared various videos of robotics and engineering and has a following of over 48.7k on its X handle. As per their website, their team is based across five continents and is listed among the Top 20 Most Innovative Web-platforms by Fast Company, an American monthly business magazine. (With inputs from agencies)

Watch: What happens when a robot dog interacts with real ones

An alien-like fungus - called 'Devil's Fingers' - has made a rare appearance in the New Forest, United Kingdom.

The fungus smells "like rotting flesh" and has a ghoulish&nbsp;hand-like appearance which appears to be coming straight out of the grave.

It was discovered by a retired teacher Julia Rosser, as reported by The Daily Mail. The 67-year-old said, "This one looked more like a hand than any I have ever seen before. It looked like it was reaching out from beyond the grave. It looked very creepy."

This fungus is generally found in late October but it has made appearance early because of the wet weather.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/deadly-fungal-infections-spread-like-silent-pandemic-can-kill-40mn-people-in-just-25-years-study-760914">Deadly fungal infections spreading like 'silent pandemic', can kill 40mn people in just 25 years: Study</a>

"I found Devil's Fingers in roughly the same area last year so I was on the lookout for them. They burst out of the ground with these red tentacles or fingers," said Rosser.

This strange-looking fungus also has other names like "octopus stinkhorn" or "octopus fungus".

<h2>All about Devil's Fingers</h2>

The fungus is native to New Zealand and Australia and is believed to have been carried to France as part of the military supplies during the First World War.

"The species is from the southern hemisphere and was first discovered in Britain in 1914," explained Wildlife Trusts.

According to experts, the fungus gets hatched from an "egg" which is slimy and gelatinous in nature and its tentacle-like arms start protruding as it grows.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-wants-to-grow-fungus-and-algae-houses-on-moon-for-astronauts-763462">NASA wants to 'grow' fungus and algae houses on Moon for astronauts</a>

It is easy to spot because of its bright red colour, however, it is very rare in the United Kingdom.

"About 5cm high, tentacles can be up to 7cm long. Usually, there are at least 3 or 4 tentacles. Often found amongst leaf litter under trees or in parks and gardens," stated Wildlife Trusts.&nbsp;

"This fungus smells like rotting flesh which attracts insects to arms where the spores are found. The spores are then spread by the visiting insects," they added.

(With inputs from agencies)

An alien-like fungus - called 'Devil's Fingers' - has made a rare appearance in the New Forest, United Kingdom. The fungus smells "like rotting flesh" and has a ghoulish hand-like appearance which appears to be coming straight out of the grave.

An alien-like fungus - called 'Devil's Fingers' - has made a rare appearance in the New Forest, United Kingdom. The fungus smells "like rotting flesh" and has a ghoulish hand-like appearance which appears to be coming straight out of the grave. It was discovered by a retired teacher Julia Rosser, as reported by The Daily Mail. The 67-year-old said, "This one looked more like a hand than any I have ever seen before. It looked like it was reaching out from beyond the grave. It looked very creepy." This fungus is generally found in late October but it has made appearance early because of the wet weather. Also Read: Deadly fungal infections spreading like 'silent pandemic', can kill 40mn people in just 25 years: Study "I found Devil's Fingers in roughly the same area last year so I was on the lookout for them. They burst out of the ground with these red tentacles or fingers," said Rosser. This strange-looking fungus also has other names like "octopus stinkhorn" or "octopus fungus". All about Devil's Fingers The fungus is native to New Zealand and Australia and is believed to have been carried to France as part of the military supplies during the First World War. "The species is from the southern hemisphere and was first discovered in Britain in 1914," explained Wildlife Trusts. According to experts, the fungus gets hatched from an "egg" which is slimy and gelatinous in nature and its tentacle-like arms start protruding as it grows. Also Read: NASA wants to 'grow' fungus and algae houses on Moon for astronauts It is easy to spot because of its bright red colour, however, it is very rare in the United Kingdom. "About 5cm high, tentacles can be up to 7cm long. Usually, there are at least 3 or 4 tentacles. Often found amongst leaf litter under trees or in parks and gardens," stated Wildlife Trusts. "This fungus smells like rotting flesh which attracts insects to arms where the spores are found. The spores are then spread by the visiting insects," they added. (With inputs from agencies)

Alien-like fungus 'Devil's Fingers' with smell of rotten flesh makes rare appearance in UK

Two Harvard students, taking inspiration from Meta's smart glasses, created a strange AI-powered spectacle which can easily invade someone's privacy without their knowledge.

This device, called 'I-XRAY', uses facial recognition software as well as AI to instantly ascertain the identities of people.

The students shared an astonishing video which showed the power of the spectacles. In the video, the glasses were quickly telling the names and personal details of strangers they were seeing.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/can-ai-help-scientists-predict-accurate-earthquakes-heres-what-experts-say-757370">Can AI help scientists predict earthquakes accurately? Here's what experts say</a>

These personal details included home address, work history and even the names of parents of the individual.

<h2>Here's how these AI glasses work</h2>

The stream for the faces of people is monitored by a computer programme which can match the face to the images available publicly across the internet.

After this, the AI fetches details like the person's name, occupation and other details. The results go to a different application which has been created by the students.

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Несколько студентов из Гарварда сделали устройство для распознавания лиц на ходу. Для этого они использовали очки от Ray-Ban и Цукерберга, а также свой софт под названием I-XRAY 🧵<a href="https://t.co/1u1kzQDWyf">pic.twitter.com/1u1kzQDWyf</a>
— Завтракаст • подкаст (@zavtracast) <a href="https://twitter.com/zavtracast/status/1841793473831170233?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 3, 2024</a></blockquote>
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The glasses have been created by two&nbsp;engineers - AnhPhu Nguyen and Caine Ardayfio - at Harvard University in Cambridge,&nbsp;Massachusetts.&nbsp;

"The purpose of building this tool is not for misuse, and we are not releasing it," said the engineers in a document which explained the technology.

"Our goal is to demonstrate the current capabilities of smart glasses, face search engines, large language models and public databases. [We're] raising awareness that extracting someone's home address and other personal details from just their face on the street is possible today," they added.

<h2>Engineers share the video of spectacles on X</h2>

Taking to X, Nguyen&nbsp;shared a video of the technology and wrote the caption, "Are we ready for a world where our data is exposed at a glance?"

Watch:&nbsp;ChatGPT CEO Sam Altman Says AI Won't Replace Human Writers Anytime Soon

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chatgpt-ceo-sam-altman-says-ai-wont-replace-human-writers-anytime-soon-763055/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

In the clip, the students were seen using a combination of existing tech on the market for creating AI glasses "that reveal anyone's personal details just from looking at them".&nbsp;

I-XRAY has been using FastPeopleSearch which is an online tool that needs only the name of someone to find their personal information like home addresses, phone numbers, age, and relatives from social media profiles and publicly available records.

"It's all fed back to an app we wrote on our phone," said Nguyen in the video shared on X.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Two Harvard students, taking inspiration from Meta's smart glasses, created a strange AI-powered spectacle which can easily invade someone's privacy without their knowledge.

Two Harvard students, taking inspiration from Meta's smart glasses, created a strange AI-powered spectacle which can easily invade someone's privacy without their knowledge. This device, called 'I-XRAY', uses facial recognition software as well as AI to instantly ascertain the identities of people. The students shared an astonishing video which showed the power of the spectacles. In the video, the glasses were quickly telling the names and personal details of strangers they were seeing. Also Read: Can AI help scientists predict earthquakes accurately? Here's what experts say These personal details included home address, work history and even the names of parents of the individual. Here's how these AI glasses work The stream for the faces of people is monitored by a computer programme which can match the face to the images available publicly across the internet. After this, the AI fetches details like the person's name, occupation and other details. The results go to a different application which has been created by the students. Несколько студентов из Гарварда сделали устройство для распознавания лиц на ходу. Для этого они использовали очки от Ray-Ban и Цукерберга, а также свой софт под названием I-XRAY 🧵pic.twitter.com/1u1kzQDWyf — Завтракаст • подкаст (@zavtracast) October 3, 2024 × The glasses have been created by two engineers - AnhPhu Nguyen and Caine Ardayfio - at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. "The purpose of building this tool is not for misuse, and we are not releasing it," said the engineers in a document which explained the technology. "Our goal is to demonstrate the current capabilities of smart glasses, face search engines, large language models and public databases. [We're] raising awareness that extracting someone's home address and other personal details from just their face on the street is possible today," they added. Engineers share the video of spectacles on X Taking to X, Nguyen shared a video of the technology and wrote the caption, "Are we ready for a world where our data is exposed at a glance?" Watch: ChatGPT CEO Sam Altman Says AI Won't Replace Human Writers Anytime Soon In the clip, the students were seen using a combination of existing tech on the market for creating AI glasses "that reveal anyone's personal details just from looking at them". I-XRAY has been using FastPeopleSearch which is an online tool that needs only the name of someone to find their personal information like home addresses, phone numbers, age, and relatives from social media profiles and publicly available records. "It's all fed back to an app we wrote on our phone," said Nguyen in the video shared on X. (With inputs from agencies)

Meta-inspired creepy AI spectacles can find strangers' names and addresses

In an intriguing experiment, scientists have tried to analyse the brains of humans when they see one of the world's most famous paintings - "Girl With The Pearl Earring" which has been painted by Johannes Vermeer.

In the experiment, neuroscientists found that the brain experiences a special neurological phenomenon called "Sustained Attentional Loop" when they see the painting.&nbsp;

The neuroscientists were commissioned by the Mauritshuis Museum in The Hague - which has kept the 17th-century masterpiece - to measure&nbsp;the brain&nbsp;output of the audience.

In the observations, it was found that the eye of the viewer gets automatically drawn towards the eye of the girl, then to her mouth, and then moves on to the pearl and finally goes back to the eye.

Research company Neurensics employee Martin de Munnik said that because of this phenomenon, the observer looks at the painting for a longer duration in comparison to others.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-van-goghs-starry-night-recreated-as-park-in-bosnian-hills-749403">Van Gogh's Starry Night recreated as park in Bosnian hills</a>

"You have to pay attention whether you want to or not. You have to love her whether you want to or not," Munnik said.

Scientists, while measuring the brainwaves, also found that the precuneus was getting stimulated the most. Precuneus is a part of the brain that manages a human's consciousness and personal identity.

"It was predictable that the Girl was special. But the 'why' was also a surprise to us," De Munnik said.

He added that this is the first study in which EEG and MRI brain scanning machine have been used to measure human's neurological response to artwork.

"The longer you look at somebody, the more beautiful or more attractive somebody becomes. Why are you familiar with this painting and not with the other paintings? Because of this special thing she has," he said.

<h2>Genuine vs reproduced painting: How the brain responds to art pieces?</h2>

The scientists also checked the brain's neurological response when seeing the genuine painting and when observing its reproduction.

Watch:&nbsp;Van Gogh's Art Attacked Again in London

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/van-goghs-art-attacked-again-in-london-763240/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

It was discovered that the viewer's emotional reaction to the original painting was ten times stronger than to its reproduction.

Mauritshuis Director Martine Gosselink said that this experiment showed how important it is for people to see the original painting.

"It's so important to engage with art, whether it's photography, or dance, or old masters from the 17th century," said the director, while speaking to AFP in an interview.

"It is important, and it really helps to develop your brain... The brain doesn't lie," she said.

(With inputs from agencies)

In an intriguing experiment, scientists have tried to analyse the brains of humans when they see one of the world's most famous paintings - "Girl With The Pearl Earring" which has been painted by Johannes Vermeer.

In an intriguing experiment, scientists have tried to analyse the brains of humans when they see one of the world's most famous paintings - "Girl With The Pearl Earring" which has been painted by Johannes Vermeer. In the experiment, neuroscientists found that the brain experiences a special neurological phenomenon called "Sustained Attentional Loop" when they see the painting. The neuroscientists were commissioned by the Mauritshuis Museum in The Hague - which has kept the 17th-century masterpiece - to measure the brain output of the audience. In the observations, it was found that the eye of the viewer gets automatically drawn towards the eye of the girl, then to her mouth, and then moves on to the pearl and finally goes back to the eye. Research company Neurensics employee Martin de Munnik said that because of this phenomenon, the observer looks at the painting for a longer duration in comparison to others. Also Read: Van Gogh's Starry Night recreated as park in Bosnian hills "You have to pay attention whether you want to or not. You have to love her whether you want to or not," Munnik said. Scientists, while measuring the brainwaves, also found that the precuneus was getting stimulated the most. Precuneus is a part of the brain that manages a human's consciousness and personal identity. "It was predictable that the Girl was special. But the 'why' was also a surprise to us," De Munnik said. He added that this is the first study in which EEG and MRI brain scanning machine have been used to measure human's neurological response to artwork. "The longer you look at somebody, the more beautiful or more attractive somebody becomes. Why are you familiar with this painting and not with the other paintings? Because of this special thing she has," he said. Genuine vs reproduced painting: How the brain responds to art pieces? The scientists also checked the brain's neurological response when seeing the genuine painting and when observing its reproduction. Watch: Van Gogh's Art Attacked Again in London It was discovered that the viewer's emotional reaction to the original painting was ten times stronger than to its reproduction. Mauritshuis Director Martine Gosselink said that this experiment showed how important it is for people to see the original painting. "It's so important to engage with art, whether it's photography, or dance, or old masters from the 17th century," said the director, while speaking to AFP in an interview. "It is important, and it really helps to develop your brain... The brain doesn't lie," she said. (With inputs from agencies)

THIS iconic painting is doing something with the brains of its viewers. Scientists say it's called...

The James Webb Space Telescope has captured something remarkable - one supernova seen three times because of a twist in spacetime. This phenomenon is known as gravitational lensing.&nbsp;

Light gets bent in certain regions of spacetime because of the mass of massive cosmic structures like black holes and even clusters of galaxies. These areas are called gravitational lenses. Like regular lenses bring farther objects closer to us, something similar happens in this case as well.

The gravitational lens in this case was because of a collection of galaxies in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy cluster is named PLCK G165.7+67.0, or G165. The collective gravitational heft of these galaxies bends and focuses the light from more distant sources.

“To achieve three images, the light travelled along three different paths. Since each path had a different length, and light travelled at the same speed, the supernova was imaged in this Webb observation at three different times during its explosion,” said Brenda Frye, study co-author and an astronomer at the University of Arizona.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/major-geomagnetic-storm-incoming-sun-releases-extremely-powerful-flare-764034">Major solar storm incoming! Sun releases extremely powerful flare</a>

Only some parts of the research have been published and an upcoming paper on the supernova is currently hosted on the preprint server arXiv.

<h2>Gravitational lens and the supernova</h2>

These regions bend the lights from extremely distant objects in space, making it easier to see them from Earth. Since they are situated millions of miles away from Earth, they are also like ancient relics residing in the cosmos.

Researchers noticed that the gravitational lens in this case, magnified a supernova, that is the bright explosion linked to the death of some stars, and multiplied it in the sky.

JWST's Near-Infrared Camera (or NIRCam) captured the galaxy cluster and the supernova in March, April, and May of last year.

The galaxy cluster G165 is situated 3.6 billion light-years from Earth. However, the supernova is even more distant and hence, older.

The gravitational lens appears to have flattened the galaxy cluster and light has been warped into an arc-like shape. There are three specks of light stretched across the arc - each speck is the same supernova.

Frye compared the supernova seen three times to a person appearing three times as seen from three different angles in a three-panelled vanity mirror.

“In the trifold mirror analogy, a time-delay ensued in which the right-hand mirror depicted a person lifting a comb, the left-hand mirror showed hair being combed, and the middle mirror displayed the person putting down the comb,” Frye said.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

The James Webb Space Telescope has captured something remarkable - one supernova seen three times because of a twist in spacetime. This phenomenon is known as gravitational lensing.

The James Webb Space Telescope has captured something remarkable - one supernova seen three times because of a twist in spacetime. This phenomenon is known as gravitational lensing. Light gets bent in certain regions of spacetime because of the mass of massive cosmic structures like black holes and even clusters of galaxies. These areas are called gravitational lenses. Like regular lenses bring farther objects closer to us, something similar happens in this case as well. The gravitational lens in this case was because of a collection of galaxies in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy cluster is named PLCK G165.7+67.0, or G165. The collective gravitational heft of these galaxies bends and focuses the light from more distant sources. “To achieve three images, the light travelled along three different paths. Since each path had a different length, and light travelled at the same speed, the supernova was imaged in this Webb observation at three different times during its explosion,” said Brenda Frye, study co-author and an astronomer at the University of Arizona. Also Read: Major solar storm incoming! Sun releases extremely powerful flare Only some parts of the research have been published and an upcoming paper on the supernova is currently hosted on the preprint server arXiv. Gravitational lens and the supernova These regions bend the lights from extremely distant objects in space, making it easier to see them from Earth. Since they are situated millions of miles away from Earth, they are also like ancient relics residing in the cosmos. Researchers noticed that the gravitational lens in this case, magnified a supernova, that is the bright explosion linked to the death of some stars, and multiplied it in the sky. JWST's Near-Infrared Camera (or NIRCam) captured the galaxy cluster and the supernova in March, April, and May of last year. The galaxy cluster G165 is situated 3.6 billion light-years from Earth. However, the supernova is even more distant and hence, older. The gravitational lens appears to have flattened the galaxy cluster and light has been warped into an arc-like shape. There are three specks of light stretched across the arc - each speck is the same supernova. Frye compared the supernova seen three times to a person appearing three times as seen from three different angles in a three-panelled vanity mirror. “In the trifold mirror analogy, a time-delay ensued in which the right-hand mirror depicted a person lifting a comb, the left-hand mirror showed hair being combed, and the middle mirror displayed the person putting down the comb,” Frye said.

One supernova seen thrice in a photo clicked by JWST because of a quirk in spacetime

Woolly mammoths, before going extinct, likely struggled with allergies, which might have also played a role in their vanishing from Earth. A study conducted by a team of chemists and zoologists suggests that these creatures also had a diminished sense of smell which made mating harder.&nbsp;

Researchers analysed frozen mammoth tissue and found antibodies and allergens in them. This made them conclude that the mammoths faced allergies which affected them in many ways.

The study was published in the journal Earth History and Biodiversity.

“This was the first study where fragments of immunoglobulins were found in remains tens of thousands of years old,” the study’s first author, Gleb Zilberstein, told The Telegraph.

According to several studies, woolly mammoths inhabited North America, Asia, and northern Europe. They went extinct roughly 4,000 years ago but the reasons for this have always been speculative. Climate change and hunting by humans have always been seen as primary reasons for this.&nbsp;

However, the latest discovery suggests that allergies might have been one reason for their extinction.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/woolly-rhino-mummy-found-in-russian-far-east-confirms-a-feature-seen-in-cave-art-759638">Woolly rhino mummy found in Russian Far East confirms a feature seen in cave art</a>

Mammoths are ancient relatives of modern-day elephants who rely on their sense of smell to find food, water and sexual partners. However, the researchers say that pollen-induced nasal congestion might have hampered the woolly mammoths' sense of smell, making it hard for them to continue with their way of living.

“The development of allergies from plant pollen, changes in pollen’s allergic toxicity, pollen’s release period increasing or the emergence of a large quantity of flowering plants during climate change, could lead to decrements in sensitivity to odours in animals during the breeding season," the study says.

Since the animals were unable to find a mate because of nasal blockage hampering their sense of smell, sexual intercourse among the species saw a decline, as per the study.

Traces of antibodies which develop as an immune response to infections were found in the frozen mammoths discovered in Siberia. Organic compounds linked to pollen were also present, indicating the mammoths were likely inhaling pollen-filled air.

The researchers say that this condition was like an ancient hay fever and affected their ability to flourish. New plants species were coming up during the time the mammoths were going extinct, a period of global warming. Pollen released by these plants might have caused respiratory and olfactory issues for the animals.

Woolly mammoths, before going extinct, likely struggled with allergies, which might have also played a role in their vanishing from Earth. A study conducted by a team of chemists and zoologists suggests that these creatures also had a diminished sense of smell which made mating harder.

Woolly mammoths, before going extinct, likely struggled with allergies, which might have also played a role in their vanishing from Earth. A study conducted by a team of chemists and zoologists suggests that these creatures also had a diminished sense of smell which made mating harder. Researchers analysed frozen mammoth tissue and found antibodies and allergens in them. This made them conclude that the mammoths faced allergies which affected them in many ways. The study was published in the journal Earth History and Biodiversity. “This was the first study where fragments of immunoglobulins were found in remains tens of thousands of years old,” the study’s first author, Gleb Zilberstein, told The Telegraph. According to several studies, woolly mammoths inhabited North America, Asia, and northern Europe. They went extinct roughly 4,000 years ago but the reasons for this have always been speculative. Climate change and hunting by humans have always been seen as primary reasons for this. However, the latest discovery suggests that allergies might have been one reason for their extinction. Also Read: Woolly rhino mummy found in Russian Far East confirms a feature seen in cave art Mammoths are ancient relatives of modern-day elephants who rely on their sense of smell to find food, water and sexual partners. However, the researchers say that pollen-induced nasal congestion might have hampered the woolly mammoths' sense of smell, making it hard for them to continue with their way of living. “The development of allergies from plant pollen, changes in pollen’s allergic toxicity, pollen’s release period increasing or the emergence of a large quantity of flowering plants during climate change, could lead to decrements in sensitivity to odours in animals during the breeding season," the study says. Since the animals were unable to find a mate because of nasal blockage hampering their sense of smell, sexual intercourse among the species saw a decline, as per the study. Traces of antibodies which develop as an immune response to infections were found in the frozen mammoths discovered in Siberia. Organic compounds linked to pollen were also present, indicating the mammoths were likely inhaling pollen-filled air. The researchers say that this condition was like an ancient hay fever and affected their ability to flourish. New plants species were coming up during the time the mammoths were going extinct, a period of global warming. Pollen released by these plants might have caused respiratory and olfactory issues for the animals.

Did woolly mammoth go extinct because of a blocked nose? Study says they did

Scientists have stumbled upon a strange megastructure deep inside the Pacific Ocean near Easter Island, which may be the reason behind the East Pacific Rise - which is the fastest spreading ocean ridge in the world.

As per the researchers, the ancient ocean slabs are present at this site, which is hidden deep in the interior of the planet.

University of Maryland geologist Jingchuan Wang&nbsp;and his team have made this discovery with the help of seismic data, as reported by Science Alert.

The scientists sent bouncing sound waves deep inside the ground to form seismic maps and identified an odd blob of the mantle that has been slowly moving beneath the Nazca Plate that borders South America's continental plate.&nbsp;

The mantle makes up most of the volume of Earth, which is made up of heated silicate rocks that are sandwiched between a cool, thin outer crust and the core.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earth-has-a-hidden-massive-sixth-ocean-in-a-crystal-structure-under-its-crust-heres-why-764140">Earth has a hidden massive sixth ocean in a crystal structure under its crust. Here's why</a>

Across tens of millions of years, this layer has been flowing in cycles because of the extreme difference in temperature across the opposite edges. The cooler and denser material is getting drawn into the warmer interior.

The process is known as subduction, and the Nazca Plate is going through subduction currently beneath South America, which recycles the surface material back into the mantle.

<h2>Scientists say structural gap created between central and eastern Pacific</h2>

Scientists said that there is an ocean ridge on the other side of that plate beneath Easter Island, which is growing rapidly and a mysterious structural gap has been created between the central and eastern Pacific.

"Our discovery opens up new questions about how the deep Earth influences what we see on the surface across vast distances and timescales," Wang said.

"We found that in this region, the material was sinking at about half the speed we expected, which suggests the mantle transition zone can act like a barrier and slow down the movement of material through the Earth," he added.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/an-ancient-sunk-seafloor-beneath-pacific-is-impacting-earths-interior-heres-how-762979">An ancient sunk seafloor beneath Pacific is impacting Earth's interior. Here's how</a>

"This thickened area is like a fossilised fingerprint of an ancient piece of seafloor that subducted into the Earth approximately 250 million years ago. It's giving us a glimpse into Earth's past that we've never had before," Wang stated.

Wang, along with other scientists, has been working on the models of how tectonic plates have shifted throughout the history of Earth.

"This is just the beginning. We believe there are many more ancient structures waiting to be discovered in Earth's deep interior. Each one has the potential to reveal many new insights about our planet's complex past - and even lead to a better understanding of other planets beyond ours," he said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists have stumbled upon a strange megastructure deep inside the Pacific Ocean near Easter Island, which may be the reason behind the East Pacific Rise - which is the fastest spreading ocean ridge in the world.

Scientists have stumbled upon a strange megastructure deep inside the Pacific Ocean near Easter Island, which may be the reason behind the East Pacific Rise - which is the fastest spreading ocean ridge in the world. As per the researchers, the ancient ocean slabs are present at this site, which is hidden deep in the interior of the planet. University of Maryland geologist Jingchuan Wang and his team have made this discovery with the help of seismic data, as reported by Science Alert. The scientists sent bouncing sound waves deep inside the ground to form seismic maps and identified an odd blob of the mantle that has been slowly moving beneath the Nazca Plate that borders South America's continental plate. The mantle makes up most of the volume of Earth, which is made up of heated silicate rocks that are sandwiched between a cool, thin outer crust and the core. Also Read: Earth has a hidden massive sixth ocean in a crystal structure under its crust. Here's why Across tens of millions of years, this layer has been flowing in cycles because of the extreme difference in temperature across the opposite edges. The cooler and denser material is getting drawn into the warmer interior. The process is known as subduction, and the Nazca Plate is going through subduction currently beneath South America, which recycles the surface material back into the mantle. Scientists say structural gap created between central and eastern Pacific Scientists said that there is an ocean ridge on the other side of that plate beneath Easter Island, which is growing rapidly and a mysterious structural gap has been created between the central and eastern Pacific. "Our discovery opens up new questions about how the deep Earth influences what we see on the surface across vast distances and timescales," Wang said. "We found that in this region, the material was sinking at about half the speed we expected, which suggests the mantle transition zone can act like a barrier and slow down the movement of material through the Earth," he added. Also Read: An ancient sunk seafloor beneath Pacific is impacting Earth's interior. Here's how "This thickened area is like a fossilised fingerprint of an ancient piece of seafloor that subducted into the Earth approximately 250 million years ago. It's giving us a glimpse into Earth's past that we've never had before," Wang stated. Wang, along with other scientists, has been working on the models of how tectonic plates have shifted throughout the history of Earth. "This is just the beginning. We believe there are many more ancient structures waiting to be discovered in Earth's deep interior. Each one has the potential to reveal many new insights about our planet's complex past - and even lead to a better understanding of other planets beyond ours," he said. (With inputs from agencies)

A marvellous megastructure is sitting deep inside the Pacific. Scientists say it is...

The mysterious structure of Earth and its mantle has kept scientists hooked, and they keep studying it to make new discoveries every day.&nbsp;

The geography of Earth already felt different from what was taught to many of us in schools when scientists discovered a missing continent under the crust of the Earth, 375 years after it went missing.

Now, scientists have stumbled upon a massive ocean which remained hidden under the crust of Earth for all these years. The ocean consists of water stored in a crystal structure of the ringwoodite rock.&nbsp;

<h2>How did the ocean form under Earth's crust?</h2>

According to scientists, a rock - called 'ringwoodite' - was present 400 miles underground and had a huge supply of water which got stored in it.

Earlier, scientists found that the water was stored in a mantle rock, which was a sponge-like state, that is not solid, liquid, or gas but a fourth state.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/huge-water-presence-three-times-greater-than-oceans-of-earth-found-in-space-762993">Huge water presence, three times greater than oceans of Earth, found in space</a>

The findings were published in a scientific&nbsp;paper&nbsp;titled "Dehydration melting at the top of the lower mantle" in 2014.

"The ringwoodite is like a sponge, soaking up water, there is something very special about the crystal structure of ringwoodite that allows it to attract hydrogen and trap water," stated geophysicist Steve Jacobsen, who was part of the team of scientists.

"This mineral can contain a lot of water under conditions of the deep mantle. I think we are finally seeing evidence for a whole Earth water cycle, which may help explain the vast amount of liquid water on the surface of our habitable planet. Scientists have been looking for this missing deep water for decades," he added.

The discovery was made by scientists after studying earthquakes and finding that seismometers were detecting under the surface of the Earth.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/chinas-gigantic-hydroelectric-dam-has-been-changing-spin-of-earth-heres-how-761164">China's gigantic hydroelectric dam has been changing spin of Earth. Here's how</a>

Through the findings, scientists were able to ascertain that the water was present within the rock known as ringwoodite.

The presence of just 1 per cent of water in the ringwoodite rock meant that three times more water was present under the Earth's surface than is present in the five oceans on the surface.

Along with the ocean, the researchers&nbsp;made another significant discovery&nbsp;of an entirely new ecosystem when they checked the volcanic crust using an underwater robot.

(With inputs from agencies)

The mysterious structure of Earth and its mantle has kept scientists hooked, and they keep studying it to make new discoveries every day. The geography of Earth already felt different from what was taught to many of us in schools when scientists discovered a missing continent under the crust of the Earth, 375 years after it went missing.

The mysterious structure of Earth and its mantle has kept scientists hooked, and they keep studying it to make new discoveries every day. The geography of Earth already felt different from what was taught to many of us in schools when scientists discovered a missing continent under the crust of the Earth, 375 years after it went missing. Now, scientists have stumbled upon a massive ocean which remained hidden under the crust of Earth for all these years. The ocean consists of water stored in a crystal structure of the ringwoodite rock. How did the ocean form under Earth's crust? According to scientists, a rock - called 'ringwoodite' - was present 400 miles underground and had a huge supply of water which got stored in it. Earlier, scientists found that the water was stored in a mantle rock, which was a sponge-like state, that is not solid, liquid, or gas but a fourth state. Also Read: Huge water presence, three times greater than oceans of Earth, found in space The findings were published in a scientific paper titled "Dehydration melting at the top of the lower mantle" in 2014. "The ringwoodite is like a sponge, soaking up water, there is something very special about the crystal structure of ringwoodite that allows it to attract hydrogen and trap water," stated geophysicist Steve Jacobsen, who was part of the team of scientists. "This mineral can contain a lot of water under conditions of the deep mantle. I think we are finally seeing evidence for a whole Earth water cycle, which may help explain the vast amount of liquid water on the surface of our habitable planet. Scientists have been looking for this missing deep water for decades," he added. The discovery was made by scientists after studying earthquakes and finding that seismometers were detecting under the surface of the Earth. Also Read: China's gigantic hydroelectric dam has been changing spin of Earth. Here's how Through the findings, scientists were able to ascertain that the water was present within the rock known as ringwoodite. The presence of just 1 per cent of water in the ringwoodite rock meant that three times more water was present under the Earth's surface than is present in the five oceans on the surface. Along with the ocean, the researchers made another significant discovery of an entirely new ecosystem when they checked the volcanic crust using an underwater robot. (With inputs from agencies)

Earth has a hidden massive sixth ocean in a crystal structure under its crust. Here's why

The high-energy burst of radio waves, which recently made headlines for travelling for eight billion years in space before reaching&nbsp;Earth, had a "weird" place of origin, which scientists have now identified.

The radio wave, which is called a fast radio burst (FRB), was one of those hundreds of fleeting blasts of energy which have been detected by scientists across the years.

When it was detected, some astronomers made a wild guess that it could be a signal sent by alien life to our planet.

<h2>Here's what scientists found about the origin of radio waves</h2>

Scientists, while studying the FRB, found that it had originated from a cluster of galaxies which were present in the universe when it was only five billion years old.

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The FRB, which has been dubbed as FRB 20220610A, was discovered as the most farthest and powerful signal ever detected by astronomers.

It has now been found that the home of radio signals are seven tightly packed galaxies, as reported by The Daily Mail.

"None have ever been seen in such a compact group," stated astronomer Yuxin (Vic) Dong, who was part of the team at Northwestern University which studied the origin of FRB 20220610A.&nbsp;"Its birthplace is truly rare," Dong said.

The head of the team of scientists at&nbsp;Northwestern, Alexa Gordon said, "It's these types of environments, these weird ones, that are driving us toward better understanding the mystery of FRBs."

These flashes of light, which appeared as the radio band of the electromagnetic spectrum, were most likely temporary and appeared randomly from space, as per scientists.

Watch:&nbsp;The Curious Case Of The Prematurely Aging Space Heart

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/the-curious-case-of-the-prematurely-aging-space-heart-762633/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Astronomer Wen-fai Dong, who looked into FRB 20220610A, stated that in the new Hubble images, these galaxies appeared in oblong shapes or 'tidal tales' which suggested that they may have had collisions through which fast radio burst may have birthed.

"Without the Hubble's imaging, it would still remain a mystery as to whether this FRB originated from one monolithic galaxy or from some type of interacting system," said Gordon, in a&nbsp;NASA statement.

Northwestern astronomer&nbsp;Wen-fai Fong, who was also part of the project, also confirmed the oblong shapes or 'tidal tales' of some of the seven galaxies which hinted at the chances of collisions.

"There are some signs that the group members are 'interacting. In other words, they could be trading materials or possibly on a path to merging," Fong said.

(With inputs from agencies)

The high-energy burst of radio waves, which recently made headlines for travelling for eight billion years in space before reaching Earth, had a "weird" place of origin, which scientists have now identified.

The high-energy burst of radio waves, which recently made headlines for travelling for eight billion years in space before reaching Earth, had a "weird" place of origin, which scientists have now identified. The radio wave, which is called a fast radio burst (FRB), was one of those hundreds of fleeting blasts of energy which have been detected by scientists across the years. When it was detected, some astronomers made a wild guess that it could be a signal sent by alien life to our planet. Here's what scientists found about the origin of radio waves Scientists, while studying the FRB, found that it had originated from a cluster of galaxies which were present in the universe when it was only five billion years old. Also Read: The International Space Station has been leaking for five years. NASA calls it 'highest-level risk' The FRB, which has been dubbed as FRB 20220610A, was discovered as the most farthest and powerful signal ever detected by astronomers. It has now been found that the home of radio signals are seven tightly packed galaxies, as reported by The Daily Mail. "None have ever been seen in such a compact group," stated astronomer Yuxin (Vic) Dong, who was part of the team at Northwestern University which studied the origin of FRB 20220610A. "Its birthplace is truly rare," Dong said. The head of the team of scientists at Northwestern, Alexa Gordon said, "It's these types of environments, these weird ones, that are driving us toward better understanding the mystery of FRBs." These flashes of light, which appeared as the radio band of the electromagnetic spectrum, were most likely temporary and appeared randomly from space, as per scientists. Watch: The Curious Case Of The Prematurely Aging Space Heart Astronomer Wen-fai Dong, who looked into FRB 20220610A, stated that in the new Hubble images, these galaxies appeared in oblong shapes or 'tidal tales' which suggested that they may have had collisions through which fast radio burst may have birthed. "Without the Hubble's imaging, it would still remain a mystery as to whether this FRB originated from one monolithic galaxy or from some type of interacting system," said Gordon, in a NASA statement. Northwestern astronomer Wen-fai Fong, who was also part of the project, also confirmed the oblong shapes or 'tidal tales' of some of the seven galaxies which hinted at the chances of collisions. "There are some signs that the group members are 'interacting. In other words, they could be trading materials or possibly on a path to merging," Fong said. (With inputs from agencies)

'Weird' origin of radio waves, which travelled eight billion years to Earth, found. Is it alien signal or...?

NASA has been on high alert as two massive asteroids - 2024 SD3&nbsp;and&nbsp;2024 SR4 - are set to pass by Earth on October 3. The asteroids are being tracked by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

<h2>Here's what we know about these asteroids</h2>

<h3>Asteroid&nbsp;2024 SD3</h3>

Asteroid&nbsp;2024 SD3 is 68 feet&nbsp;in width and is around the size of a small aeroplane. It will make a close flyby Earth at a distance of nearly 1,490,000 kilometres.&nbsp;

The asteroid is racing at a speed of 65,629 km/h, which is a good opportunity for NASA’s asteroid tracking teams to study space rock.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ceres-largest-object-in-asteroid-belt-shows-signs-of-life-near-ertunet-crater-762152">Ceres, largest object in asteroid belt, shows signs of habitability near Ertunet Crater</a>

It falls under the category of "potentially hazardous" because of its velocity and size but will maintain a safe distance from Earth.&nbsp;

<h3>Asteroid 2024 SR4</h3>

Asteroid 2024 SR4 is a little smaller in size and measures 51 feet. It will make its closest approach to Earth on the same day and will fly at a distance of 1,670,000 kilometres. Hence, there is no threat of proximity.

The asteroid is travelling at a speed of 41,835 km/h and is being monitored by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

<h2>How is NASA tracking asteroids?</h2>

NASA, along with other space agencies, has established a network of telescopes and advanced computing for identifying near-Earth objects (NEOs).&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Europe Launches Hera Mission Set To Unveil The Secrets Of Dimorphos Asteroid

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/europe-launches-hera-mission-set-to-unveil-the-secrets-of-dimorphos-asteroid-763447/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Even though many of the NEOs don't come very near to Earth, some of them do come at a scary distance and get tagged as potentially hazardous asteroids which need more attention.&nbsp;

Such asteroids are more than 460 feet (140 metres) in size and their orbits bring them within a distance of 7.5 million kilometres from Earth.&nbsp;

NASA's Centre for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) has been monitoring all the NEOs and looking for any potential impact risks.

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA has been on high alert as two massive asteroids - 2024 SD3 and 2024 SR4 - are set to pass by Earth on October 3. The asteroids are being tracked by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

NASA has been on high alert as two massive asteroids - 2024 SD3 and 2024 SR4 - are set to pass by Earth on October 3. The asteroids are being tracked by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Here's what we know about these asteroids Asteroid 2024 SD3 Asteroid 2024 SD3 is 68 feet in width and is around the size of a small aeroplane. It will make a close flyby Earth at a distance of nearly 1,490,000 kilometres. The asteroid is racing at a speed of 65,629 km/h, which is a good opportunity for NASA’s asteroid tracking teams to study space rock. Also Read: Ceres, largest object in asteroid belt, shows signs of habitability near Ertunet Crater It falls under the category of "potentially hazardous" because of its velocity and size but will maintain a safe distance from Earth. Asteroid 2024 SR4 Asteroid 2024 SR4 is a little smaller in size and measures 51 feet. It will make its closest approach to Earth on the same day and will fly at a distance of 1,670,000 kilometres. Hence, there is no threat of proximity. The asteroid is travelling at a speed of 41,835 km/h and is being monitored by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. How is NASA tracking asteroids? NASA, along with other space agencies, has established a network of telescopes and advanced computing for identifying near-Earth objects (NEOs). Watch: Europe Launches Hera Mission Set To Unveil The Secrets Of Dimorphos Asteroid Even though many of the NEOs don't come very near to Earth, some of them do come at a scary distance and get tagged as potentially hazardous asteroids which need more attention. Such asteroids are more than 460 feet (140 metres) in size and their orbits bring them within a distance of 7.5 million kilometres from Earth. NASA's Centre for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) has been monitoring all the NEOs and looking for any potential impact risks. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA issues sudden alert as two massive asteroids race towards Earth, on collision path

Sodas and fruit juices are loaded with sugar and health experts advise against consuming them in excess. A new study has now found that regular consumption of these drinks can increase your risk of stroke.

The discovery was part of new global research studies, co-led by the University of Galway in collaboration with McMaster University in Canada and an international network of stroke researchers.

Coffee is also likely to contribute to the risk if one consumes more than four cups of the beverage daily.&nbsp;

Researchers conducted two analyses of the INTERSTROKE research project, one on the effects of fizzy drinks, fruit juice/drink, and water and the other on tea and coffee.

The projects involved almost 27,000 people from 27 countries, of which nearly 13,500 people had experienced their first stroke.

The study found that fizzy drinks, either sweetened using sugar or artificially, such as Diet&nbsp;Coke, increase the chances of a person suffering a stroke by 22 per cent. This risk goes up further if two or more drinks are consumed daily.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-alcohol-drinking-linked-to-risk-of-these-six-major-types-of-cancer-says-new-report-764077">Alcohol drinking linked to risk of these six major types of cancer, says new report</a>

People living in Eastern/Central Europe and the Middle East, Africa, and South America were found to be at a higher risk than others.

Fruit juice was found to be made with concentrates and loaded with added sugars and preservatives, making them unhealthy and putting one at risk of a stroke.&nbsp;

They were linked to a 37 per cent increase in the chance of stroke due to bleeding (intracranial haemorrhage). The risk tripled when two such drinks were consumed in a day. Women were most at risk in this group.

<h2>Water and tea remove stroke risk</h2>

Water once again emerged as the saviour, with seven cups daily found to considerably reduce the chances of a stroke due to a blood clot.&nbsp;

Meanwhile, more than four cups of coffee a day increased the chance of stroke by 37 per cent, but lower intake was not linked to stroke. Tea emerged as the better option, reducing the chances of stroke by 18-20 per cent.&nbsp;

Black tea is advisable and is linked with a 29 per cent lower chance of stroke, with green tea also found to have health benefits.&nbsp;

However, adding milk to tea can cancel out the benefits associated with tea when it comes to stroke.

Sodas and fruit juices are loaded with sugar and health experts advise against consuming them in excess. A new study has now found that regular consumption of these drinks can increase your risk of stroke.

Sodas and fruit juices are loaded with sugar and health experts advise against consuming them in excess. A new study has now found that regular consumption of these drinks can increase your risk of stroke. The discovery was part of new global research studies, co-led by the University of Galway in collaboration with McMaster University in Canada and an international network of stroke researchers. Coffee is also likely to contribute to the risk if one consumes more than four cups of the beverage daily. Researchers conducted two analyses of the INTERSTROKE research project, one on the effects of fizzy drinks, fruit juice/drink, and water and the other on tea and coffee. The projects involved almost 27,000 people from 27 countries, of which nearly 13,500 people had experienced their first stroke. The study found that fizzy drinks, either sweetened using sugar or artificially, such as Diet Coke, increase the chances of a person suffering a stroke by 22 per cent. This risk goes up further if two or more drinks are consumed daily. Also Read: Alcohol drinking linked to risk of these six major types of cancer, says new report People living in Eastern/Central Europe and the Middle East, Africa, and South America were found to be at a higher risk than others. Fruit juice was found to be made with concentrates and loaded with added sugars and preservatives, making them unhealthy and putting one at risk of a stroke. They were linked to a 37 per cent increase in the chance of stroke due to bleeding (intracranial haemorrhage). The risk tripled when two such drinks were consumed in a day. Women were most at risk in this group. Water and tea remove stroke risk Water once again emerged as the saviour, with seven cups daily found to considerably reduce the chances of a stroke due to a blood clot. Meanwhile, more than four cups of coffee a day increased the chance of stroke by 37 per cent, but lower intake was not linked to stroke. Tea emerged as the better option, reducing the chances of stroke by 18-20 per cent. Black tea is advisable and is linked with a 29 per cent lower chance of stroke, with green tea also found to have health benefits. However, adding milk to tea can cancel out the benefits associated with tea when it comes to stroke.

Sweet beverages and coffee increase chances of a stroke. To reduce risk, drink...

Another massive geomagnetic storm is on its way towards Earth, the second in five months. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued&nbsp;a&nbsp;warning about the latest solar storm on Wednesday.&nbsp;

NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center said that a G1, or minor, storm is likely to hit Earth on Thursday, October 3. A stronger solar storm, a G3, could hit later on Friday, October 4.&nbsp;

A major explosion reportedly happened on the Sun's surface on Tuesday, triggering the second most powerful solar flare in the past few years. According to NOAA, the flare originated in a solar region which houses numerous sunspots. This ferocious area is called Active Region 3842, and the solar flare was rated an X7.1.&nbsp;

Flares are rated based on their severity, with the weakest being classified as b-class flares and the strongest as x-class flares.

Each letter marks a 10-fold increase in power over the one lower on the scale. Therefore, the latest X7.1 solar flare is extremely strong and has been described as the second most powerful of the current solar cycle.

Geomagnetic storms are the result of blasts on the Sun’s surface. These storms create solar flares, sending out huge amounts of plasma into space. These solar particles hit the planet’s atmosphere, disrupting communication systems.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/uranus-moons-might-host-liquid-oceans-with-conditions-ripe-for-life-763870">Uranus' moons might host liquid oceans with conditions ripe for life</a>

NOAA had earlier said that the latest event on the Sun's surface could lead to coronal mass ejection (CME), shooting out huge plumes of plasma and solar particles into space.&nbsp;

<h2>How severe is new solar storm?</h2>

A geomagnetic storm is coming our way and the severity will be “dependent upon the orientation of the embedded magnetic field,” according to the alert.

Electrical systems, such as power grids and satellites, are likely to face the brunt of the solar storm and can be disrupted.&nbsp;

The solar storm will bring with it beautiful auroras which are likely to be visible over many of the northern US states, the lower Midwest, and even Oregon.

Solar activity witnesses an 11-year cycle and our Sun is currently in the middle of its twenty-fifth cycle. Tuesday’s solar flare was the second most powerful recorded since the new cycle started in 2020.

While astronomers believed it would be a mild one, we have already witnessed extreme solar events this year, including a severe geomagnetic storm back in May which brought with it widespread auroras.

The strongest solar flare, an X8.7, of this cycle, was recorded a few days later.

Another massive geomagnetic storm is on its way towards Earth, the second in five months. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued a warning about the latest solar storm on Wednesday.

Another massive geomagnetic storm is on its way towards Earth, the second in five months. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued a warning about the latest solar storm on Wednesday. NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center said that a G1, or minor, storm is likely to hit Earth on Thursday, October 3. A stronger solar storm, a G3, could hit later on Friday, October 4. A major explosion reportedly happened on the Sun's surface on Tuesday, triggering the second most powerful solar flare in the past few years. According to NOAA, the flare originated in a solar region which houses numerous sunspots. This ferocious area is called Active Region 3842, and the solar flare was rated an X7.1. Flares are rated based on their severity, with the weakest being classified as b-class flares and the strongest as x-class flares. Each letter marks a 10-fold increase in power over the one lower on the scale. Therefore, the latest X7.1 solar flare is extremely strong and has been described as the second most powerful of the current solar cycle. Geomagnetic storms are the result of blasts on the Sun’s surface. These storms create solar flares, sending out huge amounts of plasma into space. These solar particles hit the planet’s atmosphere, disrupting communication systems. Also Read: Uranus' moons might host liquid oceans with conditions ripe for life NOAA had earlier said that the latest event on the Sun's surface could lead to coronal mass ejection (CME), shooting out huge plumes of plasma and solar particles into space. How severe is new solar storm? A geomagnetic storm is coming our way and the severity will be “dependent upon the orientation of the embedded magnetic field,” according to the alert. Electrical systems, such as power grids and satellites, are likely to face the brunt of the solar storm and can be disrupted. The solar storm will bring with it beautiful auroras which are likely to be visible over many of the northern US states, the lower Midwest, and even Oregon. Solar activity witnesses an 11-year cycle and our Sun is currently in the middle of its twenty-fifth cycle. Tuesday’s solar flare was the second most powerful recorded since the new cycle started in 2020. While astronomers believed it would be a mild one, we have already witnessed extreme solar events this year, including a severe geomagnetic storm back in May which brought with it widespread auroras. The strongest solar flare, an X8.7, of this cycle, was recorded a few days later.

Major solar storm incoming! Sun releases extremely powerful flare

Food is associated with happiness for many of us; no wonder there's something called stress eating. Now, a study on fruit flies found that there is a link between swallowing food and the release of happy hormones in the brain.

How do we humans distinguish between good and bad food? For most of us, our parents told us what to eat and what not to.&nbsp;But how do animals do the same process? Deciding what to eat, according to the researchers who conducted the fruit fly study, is "arguably the single-most salient decision that an animal has to make" as it's a critical part of survival in the wild.

That decision, it appears, is coded in the brains based on a reward system, or simply put, the release of happy hormones when good food goes through the gut.

Watch: Gravitas | Bread, butter classified as ultra-processed food, time to go back to Rotis &amp; ghee?

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"We wanted to gain a detailed understanding of how the digestive system communicates with the brain when consuming food," says neuroscientist Michael Pankratz, from the University of Bonn in Germany, who was a researcher in the study. "In order to do this, we had to understand which neurons are involved in this flow of information and how they are triggered," he was quoted as saying in ScienceAlert.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-shocking-study-finds-70-per-cent-of-baby-foods-in-us-grocery-stores-are-unhealthy-752011">Also read: Shocking study finds 70 per cent of baby foods in US grocery stores are unhealthy</a>

The University of Bonn researchers&nbsp;examined the larvae&nbsp;of a fruit fly, or drosophila, to find out how swallowing affects the brain.&nbsp;For this, the scientists created 3D models of the larvae&nbsp;after slicing them down into thousands of small pieces and examining them under microscopes.&nbsp;

They identified a 'stretch receptor' in the esophagus of the larvae&nbsp;that's linked to specific neurons in the brain of the fruit fly.&nbsp;

They found that some of these neurons play a role in detecting the quality of food and the happy hormone 'serotonin' is released when the food is good.

"[The neurons] can detect whether it is food or not and also evaluate its quality. They only produce serotonin if good quality food is detected, which in turn ensures that the larva continues to eat," ScienceAlert quoted neuroscientist Andreas Schoofs from the University of Bonn as saying.

This then triggers more desire for eating.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/this-japanese-spoon-makes-food-taste-saltier-without-actually-adding-more-salt-heres-how-724204">Also read: This Japanese spoon makes food taste saltier without actually adding more salt. Here's how</a> 
 
The study suggests that such a mechanism could exist for humans too. If that hypothesis is proven, it could open up ways into understanding our eating patterns and motivations.&nbsp;

&nbsp;Fruit flies could be a good indicator, as their nervous system is simple and easier to study basic biological processes. Consider that these insects have only 200,000 neurons compared to 100 billion for us humans. They can thus be a scaled-down version of the human body.

The researchers seek to examine whether these same happy-hormone-releasing processes exist in other species too.&nbsp;

The gut is often called the second brain. While emotions will have an effect on our stomach, various ailments of the digestive system affect our moods and emotions too. One day, scientists will make sense of all this.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Food is associated with happiness for many of us; no wonder there's something called stress eating. Now, a study on fruit flies found that there is a link between swallowing food and the release of happy hormones in the brain.

Food is associated with happiness for many of us; no wonder there's something called stress eating. Now, a study on fruit flies found that there is a link between swallowing food and the release of happy hormones in the brain. How do we humans distinguish between good and bad food? For most of us, our parents told us what to eat and what not to. But how do animals do the same process? Deciding what to eat, according to the researchers who conducted the fruit fly study, is "arguably the single-most salient decision that an animal has to make" as it's a critical part of survival in the wild. That decision, it appears, is coded in the brains based on a reward system, or simply put, the release of happy hormones when good food goes through the gut. Watch: Gravitas | Bread, butter classified as ultra-processed food, time to go back to Rotis & ghee? × "We wanted to gain a detailed understanding of how the digestive system communicates with the brain when consuming food," says neuroscientist Michael Pankratz, from the University of Bonn in Germany, who was a researcher in the study. "In order to do this, we had to understand which neurons are involved in this flow of information and how they are triggered," he was quoted as saying in ScienceAlert. Also read: Shocking study finds 70 per cent of baby foods in US grocery stores are unhealthy The University of Bonn researchers examined the larvae of a fruit fly, or drosophila, to find out how swallowing affects the brain. For this, the scientists created 3D models of the larvae after slicing them down into thousands of small pieces and examining them under microscopes. They identified a 'stretch receptor' in the esophagus of the larvae that's linked to specific neurons in the brain of the fruit fly. They found that some of these neurons play a role in detecting the quality of food and the happy hormone 'serotonin' is released when the food is good. "[The neurons] can detect whether it is food or not and also evaluate its quality. They only produce serotonin if good quality food is detected, which in turn ensures that the larva continues to eat," ScienceAlert quoted neuroscientist Andreas Schoofs from the University of Bonn as saying. This then triggers more desire for eating. Also read: This Japanese spoon makes food taste saltier without actually adding more salt. Here's how The study suggests that such a mechanism could exist for humans too. If that hypothesis is proven, it could open up ways into understanding our eating patterns and motivations. Fruit flies could be a good indicator, as their nervous system is simple and easier to study basic biological processes. Consider that these insects have only 200,000 neurons compared to 100 billion for us humans. They can thus be a scaled-down version of the human body. The researchers seek to examine whether these same happy-hormone-releasing processes exist in other species too. The gut is often called the second brain. While emotions will have an effect on our stomach, various ailments of the digestive system affect our moods and emotions too. One day, scientists will make sense of all this. (With inputs from agencies)

Why do we eat? Study finds swallowing releases 'happy hormones', triggering desire for more food

Scientists believe that an unexplored portion of our solar system might host liquid oceans and conditions ripe for life. More and more planetary scientists have been calling for a mission to Uranus and its moons.&nbsp;

Till now, only&nbsp;Jupiter's and Saturn's moons have been on the radar in this area, and likely possess subsurface liquid-water oceans. Jovian moon Europa and the Saturnian moon Enceladus, have been an area of interest in this regard. They are not in the "Goldilocks zone", which is the optimal distance from a star at which liquid water can exist on a world's surface.&nbsp;

However, they are considered ripe candidates to check for habitable conditions based on the theory that life can probably emerge inside the water bodies when heated through various mechanisms.&nbsp;

In this scenario, Uranus has now also caught the attention of several scientists. Scientists point to telltale signs suggesting several Uranus moons have internal liquid oceans and chemical compositions that could be favourable to life.&nbsp;

Planetary scientists have talked about Uranus and its moons in a recent paper. They suggest sending spacecraft to these moons and looking for signs indicating habitability and how these worlds formed and evolved.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/rare-deep-sea-creature-seen-walking-on-13-foot-long-legs-at-depth-of-10800-feet-763813">Rare deep-sea creature seen walking on 13-foot-long legs at depth of 10,800 feet</a>

"The most exciting prospect at the (Uranian) moons is that they could still host subsurface oceans at present. It is a low probability for some of them, so if the mission does find oceans in all/most of them, then it will help better understand what mechanisms help keep the interiors of these moons warm," says Julie Castillo-Rogez, a planetary scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.&nbsp;

<h2>Conditions favourable for life on Uranus' moons?</h2>

When NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft flew by the Uranian system in 1986, it collected data which was reanalysed by a team led by Castillo-Rogez in 2022. The team studied five of Uranus' largest moons — Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon and Miranda. The radius and density of these moons were studied, along with other factors, and the team found that Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon might hold internal liquid oceans between their cores and icy crust.&nbsp;

However, since the Uranus system is extremely far from the sun, Castillo-Rogez believes that the main source of heat for these moons "comes from the decay of radioactive elements, specifically potassium, uranium and thorium", he told Space.com.

Further, there is evidence that Miranda and Ariel witnessed geologic activity, like tectonics and ice volcanoes, 100 million to 1 billion years ago.&nbsp;

Experts say that a mission to Uranus can investigate the internal thermal conditions on the moons, as they play a massive role in the functioning of life. It can also learn about salinity, since if the liquid oceans are too salty, life may not be able to survive there. Life forms would also need a steady source of chemical energy since any life here would reside in the interiors to avoid radiation and be close to the water.&nbsp;

Scientists believe that an unexplored portion of our solar system might host liquid oceans and conditions ripe for life. More and more planetary scientists have been calling for a mission to Uranus and its moons.

Scientists believe that an unexplored portion of our solar system might host liquid oceans and conditions ripe for life. More and more planetary scientists have been calling for a mission to Uranus and its moons. Till now, only Jupiter's and Saturn's moons have been on the radar in this area, and likely possess subsurface liquid-water oceans. Jovian moon Europa and the Saturnian moon Enceladus, have been an area of interest in this regard. They are not in the "Goldilocks zone", which is the optimal distance from a star at which liquid water can exist on a world's surface. However, they are considered ripe candidates to check for habitable conditions based on the theory that life can probably emerge inside the water bodies when heated through various mechanisms. In this scenario, Uranus has now also caught the attention of several scientists. Scientists point to telltale signs suggesting several Uranus moons have internal liquid oceans and chemical compositions that could be favourable to life. Planetary scientists have talked about Uranus and its moons in a recent paper. They suggest sending spacecraft to these moons and looking for signs indicating habitability and how these worlds formed and evolved. Also Read: Rare deep-sea creature seen walking on 13-foot-long legs at depth of 10,800 feet "The most exciting prospect at the (Uranian) moons is that they could still host subsurface oceans at present. It is a low probability for some of them, so if the mission does find oceans in all/most of them, then it will help better understand what mechanisms help keep the interiors of these moons warm," says Julie Castillo-Rogez, a planetary scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Conditions favourable for life on Uranus' moons? When NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft flew by the Uranian system in 1986, it collected data which was reanalysed by a team led by Castillo-Rogez in 2022. The team studied five of Uranus' largest moons — Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon and Miranda. The radius and density of these moons were studied, along with other factors, and the team found that Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon might hold internal liquid oceans between their cores and icy crust. However, since the Uranus system is extremely far from the sun, Castillo-Rogez believes that the main source of heat for these moons "comes from the decay of radioactive elements, specifically potassium, uranium and thorium", he told Space.com. Further, there is evidence that Miranda and Ariel witnessed geologic activity, like tectonics and ice volcanoes, 100 million to 1 billion years ago. Experts say that a mission to Uranus can investigate the internal thermal conditions on the moons, as they play a massive role in the functioning of life. It can also learn about salinity, since if the liquid oceans are too salty, life may not be able to survive there. Life forms would also need a steady source of chemical energy since any life here would reside in the interiors to avoid radiation and be close to the water.

Uranus' moons might host liquid oceans with conditions ripe for life

Footage from the depths of the Tonga Trench in the South Pacific has captured a bigfin squid (Magnapinna) walking on its 13-foot-long tentacles. The rarely-seen creature was seen 10,800 feet (3,300 metres) below the surface of the water and was snapped by an underwater rover deployed by the Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre.

Magnapinna sightings are so rare that only 20 of them have been documented to date. It is one of the deepest-dwelling squids in scientific records.&nbsp;

Ocean Conservancy says their fins stretch to about 90 per cent of the length of the mantle or the main body. The largest bigfin squid to be ever recorded was more than 20 feet long. It is not clear how long they can grow, but experts believe it might be way more than what current records say, up to at least 26 feet.

"Some scientists speculate they use their arms and tentacles as a spiderweb-like net to capture small prey as they swim by. They also suspect that the odd angle of their arms and tentacles (which some have compared to elbows) helps ensure the long appendages don't get tangled," the Conservancy says.

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&nbsp;

Alan Jamieson, a professor and deep-sea scientist at the University of Western Australia who collected the footage, told Live Science, "We always hope to see this type of animal."

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/another-doomsday-fish-makes-an-appearance-this-time-in-australia-761868">Another 'doomsday fish' makes an appearance, this time in Australia</a>

"[Bigfin squid] are not something you would actively go looking for, they are a species that relies on us coming across them by accident."

The bigfin squid captured on video was deemed to be a young squid since its tentacles weren't as long as an adult squid. Evidence of the big squid was published in the journal Marine Biology in September.

These creatures are found at extreme depths and the deepest bigfin squid recorded was spotted around 15,400 feet deep in the Kermadec Trench in the Pacific Ocean.

A bigfin squid was previously seen in the Philippine Sea in January 2022, deep in the Philippine Trench.

Footage from the depths of the Tonga Trench in the South Pacific has captured a bigfin squid (Magnapinna) walking on its 13-foot-long tentacles. The rarely-seen creature was seen 10,800 feet (3,300 metres) below the surface of the water and was snapped by an underwater rover deployed by the Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre.

Footage from the depths of the Tonga Trench in the South Pacific has captured a bigfin squid (Magnapinna) walking on its 13-foot-long tentacles. The rarely-seen creature was seen 10,800 feet (3,300 metres) below the surface of the water and was snapped by an underwater rover deployed by the Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre. Magnapinna sightings are so rare that only 20 of them have been documented to date. It is one of the deepest-dwelling squids in scientific records. Ocean Conservancy says their fins stretch to about 90 per cent of the length of the mantle or the main body. The largest bigfin squid to be ever recorded was more than 20 feet long. It is not clear how long they can grow, but experts believe it might be way more than what current records say, up to at least 26 feet. "Some scientists speculate they use their arms and tentacles as a spiderweb-like net to capture small prey as they swim by. They also suspect that the odd angle of their arms and tentacles (which some have compared to elbows) helps ensure the long appendages don't get tangled," the Conservancy says. × Alan Jamieson, a professor and deep-sea scientist at the University of Western Australia who collected the footage, told Live Science, "We always hope to see this type of animal." Also Read: Another 'doomsday fish' makes an appearance, this time in Australia "[Bigfin squid] are not something you would actively go looking for, they are a species that relies on us coming across them by accident." The bigfin squid captured on video was deemed to be a young squid since its tentacles weren't as long as an adult squid. Evidence of the big squid was published in the journal Marine Biology in September. These creatures are found at extreme depths and the deepest bigfin squid recorded was spotted around 15,400 feet deep in the Kermadec Trench in the Pacific Ocean. A bigfin squid was previously seen in the Philippine Sea in January 2022, deep in the Philippine Trench.

Rare deep-sea creature seen walking on 13-foot-long legs at depth of 10,800 feet

Barnard's star is the closest solo star to the solar system. Now, scientists have discovered a planet orbiting it. The exoplanet, or sub-earth, has been named Barnard b.

The exoplanet is located six light years away from us. It weighs 37 per cent of our planet, which is about half the size of Venus. It is classified as a sub-planet due to such low mass.

Watch:&nbsp;Indian astronauts to train at NASA from August 
&nbsp;

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Similar to what happens in our solar system, the exoplanet is seen revolving around Barnard's star, which is a red dwarf. 
 
<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/stranded-astronauts-welcome-aboard-spacex-rescue-crew-at-space-station-763435">Also read:&nbsp;&nbsp;Stranded astronauts welcome aboard SpaceX rescue crew at space station</a> 
 
As per NASA's description, red dwarfs have only a fraction of the Sun’s size and mass. They’re also the coolest stars and appear more orange in colour than red. Barnard's star, for instance, is 2,500 degrees cooler than the Sun.

It takes more than three Earth days for the sub-earth&nbsp;Barnard b&nbsp;to orbit around Barnard's star, also known as GJ 699.

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<h2>But could there be life in Barnard b? </h2>

No, as the exoplanet is not located in the habitable zone. It is 1.8 million miles from Barnard's star, which is considered a close orbit. This makes it impossible for liquid water to form on Barnard b. Therefore, there may not be life in the sub-earth as we know it.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/space-station-venus-orbiter-mega-rocket-indian-govt-grants-approvals-funds-759889">Also read: Space station, Venus orbiter, mega rocket: Indian government grants approvals, funds</a>

"Barnard b is one of the lowest-mass exoplanets known and one of the few known with a mass less than that of Earth. But the planet is too close to the host star, closer than the habitable zone," team leader Jonay González Hernández, from the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias in Spain, said. 
 
"Even if the star is about 2,500 degrees cooler than our sun, it is too hot to maintain liquid water on the surface," ScienceAlert quoted him as saying.

Astronomers have been looking at exoplanets as they could offer clues into how life is formed, and if there are hospitable planets other than our Earth.

The detection of&nbsp;Barnard b happened after years of research. It was made possible by the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile.

The astronomers were initially able to detect Barnard b's gravitational effects on its host star.&nbsp;

There were hints of the existence of the planet since 2018.&nbsp;Following closer observation, Barnard b was located by scientists, who also think there may be at least three more exoplanets orbiting Barnard's star.

"Even if it took a long time, we were always confident that we could find something," Space.com quoted astronomer Jonay González Hernández of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands in Spain as saying.&nbsp;

Barnard's star is a constant subject of observation and curiosity for astronomers, as it could offer insights into the existence of star-planet systems similar to our solar system, that could potentially host life.

(With inputs from agencies)

Barnard's star is the closest solo star to the solar system. Now, scientists have discovered a planet orbiting it. The exoplanet, or sub-earth, has been named Barnard b.

Barnard's star is the closest solo star to the solar system. Now, scientists have discovered a planet orbiting it. The exoplanet, or sub-earth, has been named Barnard b. The exoplanet is located six light years away from us. It weighs 37 per cent of our planet, which is about half the size of Venus. It is classified as a sub-planet due to such low mass. Watch: Indian astronauts to train at NASA from August × Similar to what happens in our solar system, the exoplanet is seen revolving around Barnard's star, which is a red dwarf. Also read: Stranded astronauts welcome aboard SpaceX rescue crew at space station As per NASA's description, red dwarfs have only a fraction of the Sun’s size and mass. They’re also the coolest stars and appear more orange in colour than red. Barnard's star, for instance, is 2,500 degrees cooler than the Sun. It takes more than three Earth days for the sub-earth Barnard b to orbit around Barnard's star, also known as GJ 699. × But could there be life in Barnard b? No, as the exoplanet is not located in the habitable zone. It is 1.8 million miles from Barnard's star, which is considered a close orbit. This makes it impossible for liquid water to form on Barnard b. Therefore, there may not be life in the sub-earth as we know it. Also read: Space station, Venus orbiter, mega rocket: Indian government grants approvals, funds "Barnard b is one of the lowest-mass exoplanets known and one of the few known with a mass less than that of Earth. But the planet is too close to the host star, closer than the habitable zone," team leader Jonay González Hernández, from the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias in Spain, said. "Even if the star is about 2,500 degrees cooler than our sun, it is too hot to maintain liquid water on the surface," ScienceAlert quoted him as saying. Astronomers have been looking at exoplanets as they could offer clues into how life is formed, and if there are hospitable planets other than our Earth. The detection of Barnard b happened after years of research. It was made possible by the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile. The astronomers were initially able to detect Barnard b's gravitational effects on its host star. There were hints of the existence of the planet since 2018. Following closer observation, Barnard b was located by scientists, who also think there may be at least three more exoplanets orbiting Barnard's star. "Even if it took a long time, we were always confident that we could find something," Space.com quoted astronomer Jonay González Hernández of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands in Spain as saying. Barnard's star is a constant subject of observation and curiosity for astronomers, as it could offer insights into the existence of star-planet systems similar to our solar system, that could potentially host life. (With inputs from agencies)

Exoplanet discovery: Barnard's star, the nearest single star to Earth, has a tiny planet Barnard b

Nearly 180 years after two ships embarked on an expedition to map the Canadian Arctic’s Northwest Passage, a disturbing detail about the journey that turned tragic has emerged.

Two ships – HMS Erebus and HMS Terror – set sail from Kent, England on May 19, 1845.

But things turned sour quickly for the crew as five of them fell sick and left the expedition midway. Later, both the ships got trapped in Arctic ice. The crew was faced with a deadly situation and so 105 of them left the ship in search of help. A lot of them died before they could abandon it. In total, 129 sailors lost their lives.

Indigenous people saw what transpired after that which was corroborated by marks discovered on some of the remains. Records show that those who managed to stay alive the longest turned to cannibalism and were forced to eat the dead.&nbsp;

The latest finding shows that one of the unfortunate ones to be subjected to cannibalism was none other than James Fitzjames,&nbsp;captain of the HMS Erebus, Gizmodo reported.

Researchers have been studying human bones and teeth collected from King William Island, the place at least 100 crew members went to after leaving the ship. At least 451 bones belonging to 13 people were found in one location. DNA experts at Canada’s University of Waterloo and Lakehead University worked to reveal who these bones belonged to.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/starship-booster-looks-like-an-ancient-artefact-fetched-from-sea-like-the-ruins-of-761770">Starship booster looks like an ancient artefact fetched from sea. 'Like the ruins of...'</a>

They compared the DNA with living relatives of the sailors and published findings in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.

“We worked with a good quality sample that allowed us to generate a Y-chromosome profile, and we were lucky enough to obtain a match,” said Stephen Fratpietro of Lakehead University’s Paleo-DNA lab.

Fitzjames was a senior member and had made a record of commander Sir John Franklin's death. But after he also died, others depended on his remains for survival, records show. Researchers cite cut marks on his jawbone to say that it appears that they at least tried to eat him.

Till now, they have successfully identified two of the people on the ill-fated ship. In 2021, some of the remains were found to belong to John Gregory, a warrant officer who served on the Erebus.&nbsp;

Notably, Erebus was rediscovered in 2014, while the Terror was found in 2016.&nbsp;

Nearly 180 years after two ships embarked on an expedition to map the Canadian Arctic’s Northwest Passage, a disturbing detail about the journey that turned tragic has emerged.

Nearly 180 years after two ships embarked on an expedition to map the Canadian Arctic’s Northwest Passage, a disturbing detail about the journey that turned tragic has emerged. Two ships – HMS Erebus and HMS Terror – set sail from Kent, England on May 19, 1845. But things turned sour quickly for the crew as five of them fell sick and left the expedition midway. Later, both the ships got trapped in Arctic ice. The crew was faced with a deadly situation and so 105 of them left the ship in search of help. A lot of them died before they could abandon it. In total, 129 sailors lost their lives. Indigenous people saw what transpired after that which was corroborated by marks discovered on some of the remains. Records show that those who managed to stay alive the longest turned to cannibalism and were forced to eat the dead. The latest finding shows that one of the unfortunate ones to be subjected to cannibalism was none other than James Fitzjames, captain of the HMS Erebus, Gizmodo reported. Researchers have been studying human bones and teeth collected from King William Island, the place at least 100 crew members went to after leaving the ship. At least 451 bones belonging to 13 people were found in one location. DNA experts at Canada’s University of Waterloo and Lakehead University worked to reveal who these bones belonged to. Also Read: Starship booster looks like an ancient artefact fetched from sea. 'Like the ruins of...' They compared the DNA with living relatives of the sailors and published findings in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. “We worked with a good quality sample that allowed us to generate a Y-chromosome profile, and we were lucky enough to obtain a match,” said Stephen Fratpietro of Lakehead University’s Paleo-DNA lab. Fitzjames was a senior member and had made a record of commander Sir John Franklin's death. But after he also died, others depended on his remains for survival, records show. Researchers cite cut marks on his jawbone to say that it appears that they at least tried to eat him. Till now, they have successfully identified two of the people on the ill-fated ship. In 2021, some of the remains were found to belong to John Gregory, a warrant officer who served on the Erebus. Notably, Erebus was rediscovered in 2014, while the Terror was found in 2016.

Captain became food for sailors of ill-fated ships stuck in Arctic 180 years ago

Scientists have finally figured out what caused the mysterious craters in Siberia. Surprisingly, these massive pits in the ground are also a result of climate change.

The first of these craters was found in 2014 in Siberia’s Yamal Peninsula. Several more of them were found in the following years. Geologists concluded that they were the result of some kind of explosions.

These craters in Siberia are quite large, with some of them measuring as deep as 165 feet (50 metres). The cause of the explosion was not clear yet.&nbsp;

After scientists detected high levels of methane in the regions, they theorised that the combustible gas was being released because of the rise in the average temperature. Notably, the Siberian permafrost is hiding large amounts of methane. However, later studies found that permafrost alone could not have caused such blasts.

A team of chemical engineers has now published its findings in Geophysical Research Letters, saying that rapid underground pressure changes caused the explosions.

"There are very, very specific conditions that allow for this phenomenon to happen," Ana Morgado, a chemical engineer at the University of Cambridge who worked on the study, said in a press release. “We’re talking about a very niche geological space.”

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-wants-to-grow-fungus-and-algae-houses-on-moon-for-astronauts-763462">NASA wants to grow fungus and algae structures on Moon to house astronauts</a>

The team examined the composition of the ground in and around the craters. Chemical reactions were ruled out as the reason and they believed that there had to be a physical source for them which they found beneath the permafrost that sits under the topsoil.&nbsp;

<h2>Cause for craters in Siberia found deep inside Earth</h2>

While the latter thaws and refreezes, the former remains permanently frozen. Under permafrost lies cryopegs, a geologic layer comprising salt that doesn’t freeze.

In the Yamal Peninsula, cryopegs are about three feet thick and located as deep as 165 feet underground. Under this layer hides another layer filled with crystalised methane.

These layers have existed in this state for several years. However, the warming climate is now changing their equation, something that has been happening since the 1980s.

Scientists found the water in the topsoil had&nbsp;become meltier and trickled deeper below, reaching the cryopegs. This caused a buildup and increased the pressure in cryopegs.&nbsp;

This created cracks on the surface, causing the pressure to drop quickly. The gas is then forcefully released from the ground, creating an explosion and the mystery craters.&nbsp;

Scientists have finally figured out what caused the mysterious craters in Siberia. Surprisingly, these massive pits in the ground are also a result of climate change.

Scientists have finally figured out what caused the mysterious craters in Siberia. Surprisingly, these massive pits in the ground are also a result of climate change. The first of these craters was found in 2014 in Siberia’s Yamal Peninsula. Several more of them were found in the following years. Geologists concluded that they were the result of some kind of explosions. These craters in Siberia are quite large, with some of them measuring as deep as 165 feet (50 metres). The cause of the explosion was not clear yet. After scientists detected high levels of methane in the regions, they theorised that the combustible gas was being released because of the rise in the average temperature. Notably, the Siberian permafrost is hiding large amounts of methane. However, later studies found that permafrost alone could not have caused such blasts. A team of chemical engineers has now published its findings in Geophysical Research Letters, saying that rapid underground pressure changes caused the explosions. "There are very, very specific conditions that allow for this phenomenon to happen," Ana Morgado, a chemical engineer at the University of Cambridge who worked on the study, said in a press release. “We’re talking about a very niche geological space.” Also Read: NASA wants to grow fungus and algae structures on Moon to house astronauts The team examined the composition of the ground in and around the craters. Chemical reactions were ruled out as the reason and they believed that there had to be a physical source for them which they found beneath the permafrost that sits under the topsoil. Cause for craters in Siberia found deep inside Earth While the latter thaws and refreezes, the former remains permanently frozen. Under permafrost lies cryopegs, a geologic layer comprising salt that doesn’t freeze. In the Yamal Peninsula, cryopegs are about three feet thick and located as deep as 165 feet underground. Under this layer hides another layer filled with crystalised methane. These layers have existed in this state for several years. However, the warming climate is now changing their equation, something that has been happening since the 1980s. Scientists found the water in the topsoil had become meltier and trickled deeper below, reaching the cryopegs. This caused a buildup and increased the pressure in cryopegs. This created cracks on the surface, causing the pressure to drop quickly. The gas is then forcefully released from the ground, creating an explosion and the mystery craters.

Ground exploded in Siberia due to climate change, creating massive craters

It's the season of comets it seems. As Comet A3 makes its way towards the Sun, another one is already on its way. The ATLAS survey in Hawaii discovered the new comet on September 27 and it hasn't been named yet.

It has been provisionally designated A11bP7I and is expected to be as bright as Venus. According to spaceweather.com, it will be so bright that you might be able to catch it hovering in the sky even during daytime. And yes, this also means that you won't need any special equipment to see the comet.

The newly discovered comet belongs to the "Kreutz sungrazer" category and will make an appearance towards the end of October and early November.&nbsp;

<h2>Peak time to see the comet</h2>

Mark your calendars for October 28, and this is when it will be at perihelion, which is at its closest point to the sun. It will have a brightness magnitude of -5 to -7 on this day. This is when you can scan the skies even during daytime to catch a glimpse of it.&nbsp;

Before perihelion, it would be best viewed in the Southern Hemisphere. If it survives its trip to the&nbsp;sun, people in the Northern Hemisphere might be able to witness a spectacular show.

<h2>What are Kreutz sungrazer comets?</h2>

Kreutz sungrazers are comets that come from the Kreutz family of comets that come extremely close to the sun.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/comet-a3-icy-visitor-from-oort-cloud-is-becoming-brighter-here-is-when-to-watch-and-how-762534">Icy visitor from Oort Cloud is becoming brighter. When to watch and how</a>

The name "sungrazers" originates from the fact that these comets have orbits that bring them within a few thousand kilometres of the sun's surface.

Because of their proximity to the sun, most of them are killed. However, the larger ones that escape the wrath of our star develop bright tails and also become visible from Earth.

Sungrazers are believed to originate from one massive comet that broke apart around 2,000 years ago.

The last sungrazer comet to pay us a visit was Ikeya–Seki (C/1965 S1) in 1965. It was also visible during noon at the time and was much brighter than A11bP7I.

"A11bP7I is at least 4-5 magnitudes fainter than Ikeya-Seki at the same distance," Qicheng Zhang, an astronomer at the Lowell Observatory, told spaceweather.com.&nbsp;

"Nonetheless, it could still produce a prominent visual display in early November if it survives its close encounter with the sun." 
&nbsp;

It's the season of comets it seems. As Comet A3 makes its way towards the Sun, another one is already on its way. The ATLAS survey in Hawaii discovered the new comet on September 27 and it hasn't been named yet.

It's the season of comets it seems. As Comet A3 makes its way towards the Sun, another one is already on its way. The ATLAS survey in Hawaii discovered the new comet on September 27 and it hasn't been named yet. It has been provisionally designated A11bP7I and is expected to be as bright as Venus. According to spaceweather.com, it will be so bright that you might be able to catch it hovering in the sky even during daytime. And yes, this also means that you won't need any special equipment to see the comet. The newly discovered comet belongs to the "Kreutz sungrazer" category and will make an appearance towards the end of October and early November. Peak time to see the comet Mark your calendars for October 28, and this is when it will be at perihelion, which is at its closest point to the sun. It will have a brightness magnitude of -5 to -7 on this day. This is when you can scan the skies even during daytime to catch a glimpse of it. Before perihelion, it would be best viewed in the Southern Hemisphere. If it survives its trip to the sun, people in the Northern Hemisphere might be able to witness a spectacular show. What are Kreutz sungrazer comets? Kreutz sungrazers are comets that come from the Kreutz family of comets that come extremely close to the sun. Also Read: Icy visitor from Oort Cloud is becoming brighter. When to watch and how The name "sungrazers" originates from the fact that these comets have orbits that bring them within a few thousand kilometres of the sun's surface. Because of their proximity to the sun, most of them are killed. However, the larger ones that escape the wrath of our star develop bright tails and also become visible from Earth. Sungrazers are believed to originate from one massive comet that broke apart around 2,000 years ago. The last sungrazer comet to pay us a visit was Ikeya–Seki (C/1965 S1) in 1965. It was also visible during noon at the time and was much brighter than A11bP7I. "A11bP7I is at least 4-5 magnitudes fainter than Ikeya-Seki at the same distance," Qicheng Zhang, an astronomer at the Lowell Observatory, told spaceweather.com. "Nonetheless, it could still produce a prominent visual display in early November if it survives its close encounter with the sun."

October sky: After A3, super bright 'sungrazer' comet will be visible at noon

The two astronauts stuck at the International Space Station since June welcomed the SpaceX capsule crew, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov, with whom they will return home next year.

The two-crew rescue mission launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on Saturday reserved two more seats for Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore. The SpaceX Crew Dragon docked at the ISS on Sunday. Hague and Gorbunov are to remain on the space station until February.

Originally, the Crew-9 flight was to have a four-person crew, but two astronauts were removed to accommodate Williams and Wilmore, who were stranded after Boeing Starliner experienced technical difficulties.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-international-space-station-has-been-leaking-for-five-years-nasa-calls-it-highest-level-risk-763145">The International Space Station has been leaking for five years. NASA calls it 'highest-level risk'</a>

During the Starliner's first test flight, the spacecraft had helium leaks and thruster failure, making it unsafe for the crew to return in it. It was then sent back to Earth unmanned earlier this month.

“I just want to say welcome to our new compadres,” Williams, the space station commander, said as Hague and Gorbunov entered and were embraced by the nine astronauts aboard the space station.

“Coming through the hatch and seeing all the smiles, and as much as I’ve laughed and cried in the last 10 minutes, I know it’s going to be an amazing expedition,” said Hague.

He added the flight was smooth.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/spacex-to-send-5-uncrewed-starships-to-mars-in-2-years-claims-elon-musk-761072">SpaceX to send 5 uncrewed Starships to Mars in 2 years, claims Elon Musk</a>

The crew on the space station is replaced around every six months. SpaceX has been providing the taxi for astronauts ever since 2020. While NASA also hired Boeing to carry crew to the space station, software issues and Starliner failures have resulted in over a billion dollars of repairs and years of delay.

<h2>Stranded astronauts to return next year</h2>

The SpaceX capsule is set to return around February next year with Wilmore and Williams on board. The duo’s test flight was supposed to last about a week but has stranded them at the space station for nearly four months now.

“We always miss our families. I miss my two dogs; I miss my friends,” Williams said earlier this month. “There are so many people on Earth that are sending us messages, and it makes you feel just right at home with everybody.”

(With inputs from agencies)

The two astronauts stuck at the International Space Station since June welcomed the SpaceX capsule crew, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov, with whom they will return home next year.

The two astronauts stuck at the International Space Station since June welcomed the SpaceX capsule crew, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov, with whom they will return home next year. The two-crew rescue mission launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on Saturday reserved two more seats for Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore. The SpaceX Crew Dragon docked at the ISS on Sunday. Hague and Gorbunov are to remain on the space station until February. Originally, the Crew-9 flight was to have a four-person crew, but two astronauts were removed to accommodate Williams and Wilmore, who were stranded after Boeing Starliner experienced technical difficulties. Also read | The International Space Station has been leaking for five years. NASA calls it 'highest-level risk' During the Starliner's first test flight, the spacecraft had helium leaks and thruster failure, making it unsafe for the crew to return in it. It was then sent back to Earth unmanned earlier this month. “I just want to say welcome to our new compadres,” Williams, the space station commander, said as Hague and Gorbunov entered and were embraced by the nine astronauts aboard the space station. “Coming through the hatch and seeing all the smiles, and as much as I’ve laughed and cried in the last 10 minutes, I know it’s going to be an amazing expedition,” said Hague. He added the flight was smooth. Also read | SpaceX to send 5 uncrewed Starships to Mars in 2 years, claims Elon Musk The crew on the space station is replaced around every six months. SpaceX has been providing the taxi for astronauts ever since 2020. While NASA also hired Boeing to carry crew to the space station, software issues and Starliner failures have resulted in over a billion dollars of repairs and years of delay. Stranded astronauts to return next year The SpaceX capsule is set to return around February next year with Wilmore and Williams on board. The duo’s test flight was supposed to last about a week but has stranded them at the space station for nearly four months now. “We always miss our families. I miss my two dogs; I miss my friends,” Williams said earlier this month. “There are so many people on Earth that are sending us messages, and it makes you feel just right at home with everybody.” (With inputs from agencies)

Stranded astronauts welcome aboard SpaceX rescue crew at space station

Humans might live in mushroom colonies, built using fungus, algae and water on the Moon in the coming years. This is if NASA's new plan is executed perfectly.

The space agency plans to conquer the Moon and build colonies where humans can live and conduct more experiments. It is supposed to act as a springboard to reach further into space, especially Mars.&nbsp;

However, NASA is faced with the dilemma of building these structures since it might not be possible to send bricks and steel to the Moon, and even if it can, whether or not they can sustain the lunar environment is an altogether different question. Besides, sending just one pound of material to the moon costs a whopping million dollars.&nbsp;

This is where fungus comes into the picture, as per fresh plans to settle humans there, which is expected to prove cost-effective as well as resilient.

Al Jazeera reported that NASA is planning to use mycotecture, a method that uses fungal spores and algae, to not build, but grow structures in space.

NASA is collaborating with others to make it a reality. Chris Maurer, founder of the architecture firm Redhouse, a company partnering with the space agency, told Al Jazeera, "You can’t take boards or bricks. So what are you going to build with?"

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The answer lies in the lunar soil, water and mould, which will be sent to the Moon in sealed and inflatable form. The fungal spores, when combined with algae and water, will literally start growing into habitable structures which will provide the perfect place for humans to stay.&nbsp;

Experts say these mushroom buildings will protect astronauts from dangerous space events, such as the widespread harmful radiation and micrometeorites.

Radiation, Maurer says, is the primary reason why man has never returned to the Moon since the epic Apollo missions.&nbsp;

He says fungus-based structures will prove to be a game-changer in man's quest to go back to the moon, and further into space. Just eight centimetres of the material can block over 99 per cent of radiation. The magnum of this plan can be gauged by the fact that in contrast 10 feet of lunar dust does the same job.&nbsp;

As the first step, NASA will test small-scale models on the moon by 2028.&nbsp;

NASA wants to build bases on the Moon which astronauts will use as stepping stones to travel towards their next destination - Mars.&nbsp;

Similar mushroom structures will be used to build&nbsp;on Mars as well in which humans will be able to dwell safely.&nbsp;

Humans might live in mushroom colonies, built using fungus, algae and water on the Moon in the coming years. This is if NASA's new plan is executed perfectly. The space agency plans to conquer the Moon and build colonies where humans can live and conduct more experiments.

Humans might live in mushroom colonies, built using fungus, algae and water on the Moon in the coming years. This is if NASA's new plan is executed perfectly. The space agency plans to conquer the Moon and build colonies where humans can live and conduct more experiments. It is supposed to act as a springboard to reach further into space, especially Mars. However, NASA is faced with the dilemma of building these structures since it might not be possible to send bricks and steel to the Moon, and even if it can, whether or not they can sustain the lunar environment is an altogether different question. Besides, sending just one pound of material to the moon costs a whopping million dollars. This is where fungus comes into the picture, as per fresh plans to settle humans there, which is expected to prove cost-effective as well as resilient. Al Jazeera reported that NASA is planning to use mycotecture, a method that uses fungal spores and algae, to not build, but grow structures in space. NASA is collaborating with others to make it a reality. Chris Maurer, founder of the architecture firm Redhouse, a company partnering with the space agency, told Al Jazeera, "You can’t take boards or bricks. So what are you going to build with?" Also Read: Scientists are on a mission to find 1.5-million-year-old ice, oldest in the world The answer lies in the lunar soil, water and mould, which will be sent to the Moon in sealed and inflatable form. The fungal spores, when combined with algae and water, will literally start growing into habitable structures which will provide the perfect place for humans to stay. Experts say these mushroom buildings will protect astronauts from dangerous space events, such as the widespread harmful radiation and micrometeorites. Radiation, Maurer says, is the primary reason why man has never returned to the Moon since the epic Apollo missions. He says fungus-based structures will prove to be a game-changer in man's quest to go back to the moon, and further into space. Just eight centimetres of the material can block over 99 per cent of radiation. The magnum of this plan can be gauged by the fact that in contrast 10 feet of lunar dust does the same job. As the first step, NASA will test small-scale models on the moon by 2028. NASA wants to build bases on the Moon which astronauts will use as stepping stones to travel towards their next destination - Mars. Similar mushroom structures will be used to build on Mars as well in which humans will be able to dwell safely.

NASA wants to 'grow' fungus and algae houses on Moon for astronauts

Rwanda is battling the deadly Marburg virus, which has killed at least six people in its first-ever outbreak.

The country's health minister, Sabin Nsanzimana, said that most of those killed were healthcare workers in the intensive care unit of the hospital.

Since Friday (September 27), 26 cases of the Marburg virus have been confirmed in the country. To stop the virus from spreading, the government has implemented measures like contact tracing, quarantining affected individuals and launching public health awareness campaigns.&nbsp;

<h2>What is the Marburg virus?</h2>

The Marburg virus is a highly infectious virus and has a high fatality rate from 24 per cent to 88 per cent, as per the World Health Organisation.&nbsp;

In 1967, the virus was first identified and linked to African green monkeys imported from Uganda.

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<h2>How does the virus spread among people?</h2>

Egyptian rousette fruit bat is the primary carrier of the Marburg virus, from which it is transmitted to humans. The virus is also carried by African green monkeys and pigs.

Among humans, the virus spreads through contact with contaminated bedding or surfaces, infected semen and bodily fluids (blood, saliva, vomit, etc.).

<h2>What are the symptoms of Marburg virus?</h2>

In the patients infected with the Marburg virus, symptoms like high fever, severe headaches, and muscle pains are seen in the initial days.

After three days, patients have reported suffering severe symptoms like watery diarrhoea, stomach pain, vomiting, and bleeding from various parts of the body.

"The appearance of patients at this phase has been described as showing 'ghost-like' drawn features, deep-set eyes, expressionless faces, and extreme lethargy," stated the WHO.

In some patients, a non-itchy rash has also been seen between two and seven days. Some people also develop severe haemorrhagic manifestations in a week.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Next Covid From China: Killer Virus Found in Chinese Fur Farms

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In fatal cases, there is bleeding from multiple areas like the nose, gums, eyes&nbsp;and vagina.

<h2>How can the&nbsp;disease be treated?</h2>

The doctors have been providing supportive care and administering oral or intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. However, as per the WHO, there is no proven treatment for the&nbsp;Marburg virus.

To test the symptoms of Marburg virus infection, people are using diagnostic methods like antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antigen detection tests, serum neutralization tests, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, and virus isolation by cell culture.

<h2>What measures should be adopted to control spread of the virus?</h2>

According to the health authorities, to control the spread of the virus, control measures like no physical contact with those infected, avoiding eating bushmeat or coming in contact with pigs, washing hands regularly, and using sanitiser should be implemented.

(With inputs from agencies)

Rwanda is battling the deadly Marburg virus, which has killed at least six people in its first-ever outbreak. The country's health minister, Sabin Nsanzimana, said that most of those killed were healthcare workers in the intensive care unit of the hospital.

Rwanda is battling the deadly Marburg virus, which has killed at least six people in its first-ever outbreak. The country's health minister, Sabin Nsanzimana, said that most of those killed were healthcare workers in the intensive care unit of the hospital. Since Friday (September 27), 26 cases of the Marburg virus have been confirmed in the country. To stop the virus from spreading, the government has implemented measures like contact tracing, quarantining affected individuals and launching public health awareness campaigns. What is the Marburg virus? The Marburg virus is a highly infectious virus and has a high fatality rate from 24 per cent to 88 per cent, as per the World Health Organisation. In 1967, the virus was first identified and linked to African green monkeys imported from Uganda. Also Read: Virus EV-D68, which sometimes paralyses kids, is spreading across US: Reports How does the virus spread among people? Egyptian rousette fruit bat is the primary carrier of the Marburg virus, from which it is transmitted to humans. The virus is also carried by African green monkeys and pigs. Among humans, the virus spreads through contact with contaminated bedding or surfaces, infected semen and bodily fluids (blood, saliva, vomit, etc.). What are the symptoms of Marburg virus? In the patients infected with the Marburg virus, symptoms like high fever, severe headaches, and muscle pains are seen in the initial days. After three days, patients have reported suffering severe symptoms like watery diarrhoea, stomach pain, vomiting, and bleeding from various parts of the body. "The appearance of patients at this phase has been described as showing 'ghost-like' drawn features, deep-set eyes, expressionless faces, and extreme lethargy," stated the WHO. In some patients, a non-itchy rash has also been seen between two and seven days. Some people also develop severe haemorrhagic manifestations in a week. Watch: Next Covid From China: Killer Virus Found in Chinese Fur Farms In fatal cases, there is bleeding from multiple areas like the nose, gums, eyes and vagina. How can the disease be treated? The doctors have been providing supportive care and administering oral or intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. However, as per the WHO, there is no proven treatment for the Marburg virus. To test the symptoms of Marburg virus infection, people are using diagnostic methods like antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antigen detection tests, serum neutralization tests, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, and virus isolation by cell culture. What measures should be adopted to control spread of the virus? According to the health authorities, to control the spread of the virus, control measures like no physical contact with those infected, avoiding eating bushmeat or coming in contact with pigs, washing hands regularly, and using sanitiser should be implemented. (With inputs from agencies)

Killer ‘eye-bleeding’ Marburg virus creates havoc in Rwanda. Here's what it is

Scientists at NASA have been battling a "highest-level risk" at the International Space Station which has been leaking for five years with no solution to the problem found yet.

In a new report, NASA's space officials - who have been given the responsibility of managing the International Space Station - have expressed their concern regarding a small Russian part of the station which is a tunnel connecting a larger module to a docking port and is leaking.

<h2>All about the leakage at ISS</h2>

The US and Russian officials have been aware of the condition of this small PrK module - which is present between the Progress spacecraft airlock and the&nbsp;Zvezda module - and has been facing a leakage since September 2019.

In the new report, which was published by NASA's inspector general, new details were provided regarding the severity of the problem in the space agency.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/spacex-to-launch-mission-crew-9-to-bring-stranded-starliner-astronauts-home-762832">SpaceX launches mission Crew-9 to bring stranded Starliner astronauts home</a>

In February, NASA had observed that the leak rate had increased from less than 1 pound of atmosphere a day to 2.4 pounds a day and in April, the rate reached 3.7 pounds a day.&nbsp;

The cause of the leak has not been identified by either Russian or US officials even after years of investigation.&nbsp;

"Although the root cause of the leak remains unknown, both agencies have narrowed their focus to internal and external welds," stated the report, which was signed by Deputy Inspector General George A. Scott.

<h2>Here's how NASA officials plan to handle the leakage</h2>

NASA officials have planned to mitigate the risk by keeping the hatch - which is present on the&nbsp;Zvezda module - closed.

However, if the leakage worsens, they may consider permanently closing the hatch.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;NASA astronaut stuck in space reports ‘strange noises’ coming from Starliner capsule

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-astronaut-stuck-in-space-reports-strange-noises-coming-from-starliner-capsule-755353/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

However, Ars Technica reported in June that leakage has reached the highest level of concern.

"In May and June 2024, ISS Program and Roscosmos officials met to discuss heightened concerns with the increased leak rate," stated the report of the inspector general.&nbsp;

"The ISS Program subsequently elevated the Service Module Transfer Tunnel leak risk to the highest level of risk in its risk management system. According to NASA, Roscosmos is confident they will be able to monitor and close the hatch to the Service Module prior to the leak rate reaching an untenable level. However, NASA and Roscosmos have not reached an agreement on the point at which the leak rate is untenable," it added.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists at NASA have been battling a "highest-level risk" at the International Space Station which has been leaking for five years with no solution to the problem found yet.

Scientists at NASA have been battling a "highest-level risk" at the International Space Station which has been leaking for five years with no solution to the problem found yet. In a new report, NASA's space officials - who have been given the responsibility of managing the International Space Station - have expressed their concern regarding a small Russian part of the station which is a tunnel connecting a larger module to a docking port and is leaking. All about the leakage at ISS The US and Russian officials have been aware of the condition of this small PrK module - which is present between the Progress spacecraft airlock and the Zvezda module - and has been facing a leakage since September 2019. In the new report, which was published by NASA's inspector general, new details were provided regarding the severity of the problem in the space agency. Also Read: SpaceX launches mission Crew-9 to bring stranded Starliner astronauts home In February, NASA had observed that the leak rate had increased from less than 1 pound of atmosphere a day to 2.4 pounds a day and in April, the rate reached 3.7 pounds a day. The cause of the leak has not been identified by either Russian or US officials even after years of investigation. "Although the root cause of the leak remains unknown, both agencies have narrowed their focus to internal and external welds," stated the report, which was signed by Deputy Inspector General George A. Scott. Here's how NASA officials plan to handle the leakage NASA officials have planned to mitigate the risk by keeping the hatch - which is present on the Zvezda module - closed. However, if the leakage worsens, they may consider permanently closing the hatch. Watch: NASA astronaut stuck in space reports ‘strange noises’ coming from Starliner capsule However, Ars Technica reported in June that leakage has reached the highest level of concern. "In May and June 2024, ISS Program and Roscosmos officials met to discuss heightened concerns with the increased leak rate," stated the report of the inspector general. "The ISS Program subsequently elevated the Service Module Transfer Tunnel leak risk to the highest level of risk in its risk management system. According to NASA, Roscosmos is confident they will be able to monitor and close the hatch to the Service Module prior to the leak rate reaching an untenable level. However, NASA and Roscosmos have not reached an agreement on the point at which the leak rate is untenable," it added. (With inputs from agencies)

The International Space Station has been leaking for five years. NASA calls it 'highest-level risk'

After more than 80,000 years, a comet will again become visible from Earth - in a treat for the sky gazers - during two separate phases in the next month.

Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, which is also called Comet A3, will now orbit around the Sun after more than 80,000 years,&nbsp;according to a report published on Earth.com.

The comet has become visible from Earth from September 27 and will appear in the sky before sunrise on October 2.

It is likely to appear like a fuzzy ball with a tail which stretches across the sky.

"C/2023 A3 has an orbital period of approximately 80,000 years, classifying it as a long-period comet. This means its behaviour and appearance can be unpredictable, with potential changes in brightness and tail development as it approaches the sun," said Minjae Kim, a space expert in the University of Warwick's astronomy department, while speaking to Earth.com.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-comet-tsuchinshan-atlas-en-route-to-sun-captured-from-iss-760651">Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS en route to sun captured from ISS</a>

"If predictions hold, it could be visible to the naked eye, appearing as a fuzzy star with a tail stretching across the sky.&nbsp;Otherwise, binoculars or a small telescope may reveal more detail in the comet’s structure and tail," Kim explained.

The comet achieved its perihelion on September 27 which means it came to the closest point to the sun and will not go on a trip back towards the outer solar system,&nbsp;as per WKMG.

The comet will also become visible in the middle of October if the comet lives after its trip around the Sun. This is because comets generally break apart as they come closer to the sun.

After the trip, the comet will become visible to the naked eye when it comes closest to Earth and its best visibility is likely to be from October 12 until October 20.

Every night, the comet will move higher up in the sky till it disappears again for the next 80,000 years.

Watch:&nbsp;Two black holes caught merging, event to provide insight into galaxy formation&nbsp;

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/two-black-holes-caught-merging-event-to-provide-insight-into-galaxy-formation-wion-originals-761880/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Astronomical app for stargazers Starwalk said that this comet is the "most anticipated comet of the year."

<h2>Here's how you can watch Comet C/2023 A3</h2>

Those who wish to see the comet with the naked eye should check the moon in its waning crescent phase. The comet's position can change as per the moon on different dates.&nbsp;

Comet C/2023 A3 is nearly 157.1 million miles away from Earth and is travelling at a speed of around 70km per second (150,000 miles per hour).

(With inputs from agencies)

After more than 80,000 years, a comet will again become visible from Earth - in a treat for the sky gazers - during two separate phases in the next month. Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, which is also called Comet A3, will now orbit around the Sun after more than 80,000 years, according to a report published on Earth.

After more than 80,000 years, a comet will again become visible from Earth - in a treat for the sky gazers - during two separate phases in the next month. Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, which is also called Comet A3, will now orbit around the Sun after more than 80,000 years, according to a report published on Earth.com. The comet has become visible from Earth from September 27 and will appear in the sky before sunrise on October 2. It is likely to appear like a fuzzy ball with a tail which stretches across the sky. "C/2023 A3 has an orbital period of approximately 80,000 years, classifying it as a long-period comet. This means its behaviour and appearance can be unpredictable, with potential changes in brightness and tail development as it approaches the sun," said Minjae Kim, a space expert in the University of Warwick's astronomy department, while speaking to Earth.com. Also Read: Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS en route to sun captured from ISS "If predictions hold, it could be visible to the naked eye, appearing as a fuzzy star with a tail stretching across the sky. Otherwise, binoculars or a small telescope may reveal more detail in the comet’s structure and tail," Kim explained. The comet achieved its perihelion on September 27 which means it came to the closest point to the sun and will not go on a trip back towards the outer solar system, as per WKMG. The comet will also become visible in the middle of October if the comet lives after its trip around the Sun. This is because comets generally break apart as they come closer to the sun. After the trip, the comet will become visible to the naked eye when it comes closest to Earth and its best visibility is likely to be from October 12 until October 20. Every night, the comet will move higher up in the sky till it disappears again for the next 80,000 years. Watch: Two black holes caught merging, event to provide insight into galaxy formation Astronomical app for stargazers Starwalk said that this comet is the "most anticipated comet of the year." Here's how you can watch Comet C/2023 A3 Those who wish to see the comet with the naked eye should check the moon in its waning crescent phase. The comet's position can change as per the moon on different dates. Comet C/2023 A3 is nearly 157.1 million miles away from Earth and is travelling at a speed of around 70km per second (150,000 miles per hour). (With inputs from agencies)

Comet C/2023 A3 will be visible from Earth after 80,000 years. Here's where to watch it

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