A fresh political controversy has erupted in Tamil Nadu after the DMK accused TVK of colluding with the BJP following the police decision to deny permission for a statewide campaign against the National Education Policy (NEP) and Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) reservation.

DMK president MK Stalin alleged that TVK was acting in line with the BJP, while Dravidar Kazhagam criticized the protest ban, saying previous governments had allowed similar demonstrations. The organization has now postponed its campaign and announced it will challenge the decision through legal means.

DMK Accuses TVK of BJP Nexus After Protest Ban | Stalin Targets Vijay Over NEET Row

The Gujarat High Court in western India has declared it an "illegal act" for parents to compel children under the age of three to attend preschool.

The court made this statement while rejecting a bunch of petitions that challenged the state government's decision to establish six years as the minimum age requirement for Class One admission in the 2023-24 academic year.

A group of parents, whose children had not yet turned six by June 1, 2023, aimed to contest the state government's notification from January 31, 2020, which specified the age limit for admission to Class 1 in the 2023-24 academic year.

The petitioners requested the court to allow children who completed three years in preschool but hadn't yet reached the age of six by June 1, 2023, to be admitted for the current academic year.

They argued that denying admission would violate their right to education.

<h2>What did the court say?</h2>

The Gujarat High Court said that it's illegal on the part of parents to force their kids to attend preschool below the age of three. 
 
"Forcing children to go to a preschool below the age of three years is an illegal act on the part of the parents who are petitioners before us," the court observed. 
 
The court said that petitioners "cannot seek any leniency as they are guilty of a violation of the mandate of the Right to Education Rules (RTE), 2012 of the Right to Education Act, 2009", while referring to the law that gives all Indian children above the age of six right to study. 
 
The court said: "The right conferred upon a child by the constitutional provision of Article 21A and Section 3 of the RTE Act, 2009 begins after completion of the age of six years."

<h2>What does the rule say?</h2>

In accordance with the New Education Policy 2020&nbsp;— described as one of the most groundbreaking reforms in the Indian education system by Prime Minister Modi's administration&nbsp;—&nbsp;kids are supposed to be&nbsp;admitted at three years for nursery, four years for Lower Kindergarten (LKG), and five years for Upper Kindergarten (UKG).

Also watch |&nbsp;India gets new education policy after 34 years | Explainer | MHRD

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This implies that children must complete a three-year foundation before entering Class 1 at the age of six.

However, reports have claimed that many preschools in Gujarat and beyond&nbsp;still adhere to the older criteria, where nursery class admission criteria stood&nbsp;at 2.5 years.

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The Gujarat High Court in western India has declared it an "illegal act" for parents to compel children under the age of three to attend preschool. The court made this statement while rejecting a bunch of petitions that challenged the state government's decision to establish six years as the minimum age requirement for Class One admission in the 2023-24 academic year.

The Gujarat High Court in western India has declared it an "illegal act" for parents to compel children under the age of three to attend preschool. The court made this statement while rejecting a bunch of petitions that challenged the state government's decision to establish six years as the minimum age requirement for Class One admission in the 2023-24 academic year. A group of parents, whose children had not yet turned six by June 1, 2023, aimed to contest the state government's notification from January 31, 2020, which specified the age limit for admission to Class 1 in the 2023-24 academic year. The petitioners requested the court to allow children who completed three years in preschool but hadn't yet reached the age of six by June 1, 2023, to be admitted for the current academic year. They argued that denying admission would violate their right to education. What did the court say? The Gujarat High Court said that it's illegal on the part of parents to force their kids to attend preschool below the age of three. "Forcing children to go to a preschool below the age of three years is an illegal act on the part of the parents who are petitioners before us," the court observed. The court said that petitioners "cannot seek any leniency as they are guilty of a violation of the mandate of the Right to Education Rules (RTE), 2012 of the Right to Education Act, 2009", while referring to the law that gives all Indian children above the age of six right to study. The court said: "The right conferred upon a child by the constitutional provision of Article 21A and Section 3 of the RTE Act, 2009 begins after completion of the age of six years." What does the rule say? In accordance with the New Education Policy 2020 — described as one of the most groundbreaking reforms in the Indian education system by Prime Minister Modi's administration — kids are supposed to be admitted at three years for nursery, four years for Lower Kindergarten (LKG), and five years for Upper Kindergarten (UKG). Also watch | India gets new education policy after 34 years | Explainer | MHRD × This implies that children must complete a three-year foundation before entering Class 1 at the age of six. However, reports have claimed that many preschools in Gujarat and beyond still adhere to the older criteria, where nursery class admission criteria stood at 2.5 years. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

India's Gujarat High Court observes forcing kids below three to attend pre-school is illegal

We will have to take our students forward with 21st-century skills, said Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday, adding that the National Education Policy (NEP)-2020 will ensure the holistic development of students.

The Prime Minister said that the National Education Policy (NEP)-2020 has been built in such a way that the syllabus could be reduced and the focus could be on fundamentals. He also spoke about developing a National Curriculum Framework to make learning "integrated, inter-disciplinary, fun-based, and complete experience."

Apart from the Prime Minister, Union Minister for Education, Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, Minister of State (MoS) Sanjay Dhotre, among others from various States, also took part in the two-day conclave on School Education in 21st Century under National Education Policy (NEP)-2020, which began today.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/pm-modi-launches-flagship-fisheries-scheme-e-gopala-app-for-farmers-326531">Also read|&nbsp;PM Modi launches flagship fisheries scheme, e-Gopala app for farmers</a>

"NEP 2020 will ensure the holistic development of learners. We have to advance our students with 21st-century skills. These 21st Century skills will be: Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, Curiosity, Communication," the Prime Minister said.

"NEP will bring in a reduction in curriculum content to enhance essential learning and critical thinking. Stress will also be given to removing language barriers in order to achieve better results in learning," he added.

The Prime Minister thanked principals and teachers for their enthusiastic participation in the campaign to implement NEP-2020 and reiterated that building it was just the beginning.

"The new NEP is a means of fulfilling New India, New Expectations, New Requirements. Behind it is the hard work of the last 4-5 years, people of every field, every genre, every language have worked on it. But this work has not been completed yet," he said.

"Now the real work has started. Now we have to implement the National Education Policy in the same effective manner. And we will do this work together," he added.

He also said that every region in the country has some speciality, some traditional art, workmanship which requires "deep skills" and are very famous and the students residing in those areas should see and learn how they are produced so that they form an emotional bonding, respect and in future can also join these industries.&nbsp;

We will have to take our students forward with 21st-century skills, said Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday, adding that the National Education Policy (NEP)-2020 will ensure the holistic development of students.

We will have to take our students forward with 21st-century skills, said Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday, adding that the National Education Policy (NEP)-2020 will ensure the holistic development of students. The Prime Minister said that the National Education Policy (NEP)-2020 has been built in such a way that the syllabus could be reduced and the focus could be on fundamentals. He also spoke about developing a National Curriculum Framework to make learning "integrated, inter-disciplinary, fun-based, and complete experience." Apart from the Prime Minister, Union Minister for Education, Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, Minister of State (MoS) Sanjay Dhotre, among others from various States, also took part in the two-day conclave on School Education in 21st Century under National Education Policy (NEP)-2020, which began today. Also read| PM Modi launches flagship fisheries scheme, e-Gopala app for farmers "NEP 2020 will ensure the holistic development of learners. We have to advance our students with 21st-century skills. These 21st Century skills will be: Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, Curiosity, Communication," the Prime Minister said. "NEP will bring in a reduction in curriculum content to enhance essential learning and critical thinking. Stress will also be given to removing language barriers in order to achieve better results in learning," he added. The Prime Minister thanked principals and teachers for their enthusiastic participation in the campaign to implement NEP-2020 and reiterated that building it was just the beginning. "The new NEP is a means of fulfilling New India, New Expectations, New Requirements. Behind it is the hard work of the last 4-5 years, people of every field, every genre, every language have worked on it. But this work has not been completed yet," he said. "Now the real work has started. Now we have to implement the National Education Policy in the same effective manner. And we will do this work together," he added. He also said that every region in the country has some speciality, some traditional art, workmanship which requires "deep skills" and are very famous and the students residing in those areas should see and learn how they are produced so that they form an emotional bonding, respect and in future can also join these industries.

We have to equip students with 21st-century skills, NEP will ensure holistic development: PM Modi

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Monday that nation's new education policy focuses on practical learning, acquiring skills and making India a "knowledge economy" in the 21st century.&nbsp;

"Our youth will now be able to learn according to their interests," Modi said, in his virtual inaugural address to the 'Governors' conference on the Role of NEP in Transforming Higher Education'.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/opinions-blogs/the-new-education-policy-2020-320527">The new Education Policy, 2020</a>

India's National Education Policy (NEP) was approved in July and replaces the 34-year-old policy framed in 1986.&nbsp;

The prime minister said that earlier students used to choose a stream that was beyond their aptitude, but with the new changes in the policy, these issues have been addressed.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/new-education-policy-focusses-on-how-to-think-pm-modi-318796">New Education Policy focusses on how to think: PM Modi</a>

He also said the NEP will promote vocational exposure from a very early age, which will make youth better prepared for life and their employability in India and globally will improve.&nbsp;

Modi further added that to address "brain drain", "the NEP has paved the way for opening campuses of best international institutions in the country to bring them within reach of youth from simple families."&nbsp;

The NEP targets "learning instead of studying" and is based on "critical thinking rather than curriculum" with special attention on "passion, practicality, and performance", he said.&nbsp;

Asserting that India has been an ancient centre of learning, the prime minister said his government is working to make it a hub of "knowledge economy" in the 21st century.&nbsp;

"It is our collective responsibility that the policy is implemented in letter and spirit. The more teachers, parents, students are associated with education policy, the more relevant and broadbased it will be," Modi said.&nbsp;

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Monday that nation's new education policy focuses on practical learning, acquiring skills and making India a "knowledge economy" in the 21st century.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Monday that nation's new education policy focuses on practical learning, acquiring skills and making India a "knowledge economy" in the 21st century. "Our youth will now be able to learn according to their interests," Modi said, in his virtual inaugural address to the 'Governors' conference on the Role of NEP in Transforming Higher Education'. Also read | The new Education Policy, 2020 India's National Education Policy (NEP) was approved in July and replaces the 34-year-old policy framed in 1986. The prime minister said that earlier students used to choose a stream that was beyond their aptitude, but with the new changes in the policy, these issues have been addressed. Also read | New Education Policy focusses on how to think: PM Modi He also said the NEP will promote vocational exposure from a very early age, which will make youth better prepared for life and their employability in India and globally will improve. Modi further added that to address "brain drain", "the NEP has paved the way for opening campuses of best international institutions in the country to bring them within reach of youth from simple families." The NEP targets "learning instead of studying" and is based on "critical thinking rather than curriculum" with special attention on "passion, practicality, and performance", he said. Asserting that India has been an ancient centre of learning, the prime minister said his government is working to make it a hub of "knowledge economy" in the 21st century. "It is our collective responsibility that the policy is implemented in letter and spirit. The more teachers, parents, students are associated with education policy, the more relevant and broadbased it will be," Modi said.

India's new education policy focuses on 'learning' than 'studying': PM Modi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday said the new National Education Policy focusses on 'how to think', while the education system till now in the country emphasised on 'what to think'.

He also said that there were no major changes in the country's education system over the years. As a result, instead of promoting values of curiosity and imagination, herd mentality was being encouraged.

The prime minister made these remarks while delivering the inaugural address at the 'Conclave on Transformational Reforms in Higher Education under National Education Policy' via video link.

Modi said it is a matter of happiness that after the introduction of the National Education Policy, no region or section has said that it has any kind of bias, or is leaning towards one side.

There is a lot of emphasis on teacher training in the National Education Policy, he pointed out.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday said the new National Education Policy focusses on 'how to think', while the education system till now in the country emphasised on 'what to think'.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday said the new National Education Policy focusses on 'how to think', while the education system till now in the country emphasised on 'what to think'. He also said that there were no major changes in the country's education system over the years. As a result, instead of promoting values of curiosity and imagination, herd mentality was being encouraged. The prime minister made these remarks while delivering the inaugural address at the 'Conclave on Transformational Reforms in Higher Education under National Education Policy' via video link. Modi said it is a matter of happiness that after the introduction of the National Education Policy, no region or section has said that it has any kind of bias, or is leaning towards one side. There is a lot of emphasis on teacher training in the National Education Policy, he pointed out.

New Education Policy focusses on how to think: PM Modi

The Centre did not hold discussions with West Bengal before framing the New Education Policy (NEP), said State Education Minister Partha Chatterjee said on Friday.

He said discussions might have been held with others, but not with anybody from the West Bengal government.

"To my knowledge, nothing has happened; not even a single time with respect to PM Modi. I can say emphatically that no one from Bengal was part of the discussions," he told reporters.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/new-education-policy-focusses-on-how-to-think-pm-modi-318796" hreflang="en">New Education Policy focusses on how to think: PM Modi</a>

Chatterjee said, "We gave our thoughts on the draft resolution of national education policy but nothing was discussed."

Earlier, PM Narendra Modi said, "Till now our focus was on 'what to think'&nbsp;but the NEP focuses on 'how to think'. There is a flood of information in today's age. We need the ability to decide which information to accept. NEP has stressed on inquiry-based, discussion-based, and analysis-based thinking."

"Some people said that implementation of NEP would be a challenge. We have to implement it together. I am committed to this cause," he said.&nbsp;

The Centre did not hold discussions with West Bengal before framing the New Education Policy (NEP), said State Education Minister Partha Chatterjee said on Friday.

The Centre did not hold discussions with West Bengal before framing the New Education Policy (NEP), said State Education Minister Partha Chatterjee said on Friday. He said discussions might have been held with others, but not with anybody from the West Bengal government. "To my knowledge, nothing has happened; not even a single time with respect to PM Modi. I can say emphatically that no one from Bengal was part of the discussions," he told reporters. Also read: New Education Policy focusses on how to think: PM Modi Chatterjee said, "We gave our thoughts on the draft resolution of national education policy but nothing was discussed." Earlier, PM Narendra Modi said, "Till now our focus was on 'what to think' but the NEP focuses on 'how to think'. There is a flood of information in today's age. We need the ability to decide which information to accept. NEP has stressed on inquiry-based, discussion-based, and analysis-based thinking." "Some people said that implementation of NEP would be a challenge. We have to implement it together. I am committed to this cause," he said.

Not consulted before New Education Policy, says West Bengal minister

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday said that India’s National Education Policy was about the spirit which reflects that the country was shifting from the burden of the school bag, which does not last beyond school, to the boon of learning which helps for life, from simply memorising to critical thinking.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday said that India’s National Education Policy was about the spirit which reflects that the country was shifting from the burden of the school bag, which does not last beyond school, to the boon of learning which helps for life, from simply memorising to critical thinking. Modi was addressing students participating in the Smart India Hackathon 2020. National Education Policy 2020 announced recently has been framed keeping in mind the aspirations of the youth of 21st century of our country, he said. New Education Policy was launched on Wednesday, July 29. PM said that languages of India will progress and develop further due to the changes brought in the education policy. ''This will not only increase India's knowledge but will also increase its unity,'' he added. 21st century is the era of knowledge, Modi said. ''This is the time for increased focus on learning, research, innovation. This is exactly what India’s National Education Policy, 2020 does,'' he added. The PM further said that his government was focussing on the quality of education in India. ''We have attempted to make our education system the most advance and modern for students of our country,'' he said.

We are shifting from burden of school bag to boon of learning: PM Modi

Union HRD minister Ramesh Pokhriyal, Union Information and Broadcasting Minister Prakash Javadekar, Secretary Higher education Amit Khare and Secretary School education Anita Karwal held a press conference at 4 pm to talk about NEP, which was set up in 1968 and was last updated in 1992.

India gets new education policy after 34 years | Explainer | MHRD

The Union Cabinet approved the National Education Policy 2020 on Wednesday. Below are some of the key features of the new policy:

* This is the first education policy of the 21st century and replaces the thirty-four-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986.

* The new policy aims for universalisation of education from pre-school to secondary level with 100 per cent Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030 and aims to raise GER in higher education to 50 per cent by 2025.

*To enroll for a Ph.D, a Master’s degree or a 4-year Bachelor’s degree with Research shall be required. The M.Phil programme shall be discontinued.

* NEP 2020 will bring two crore out of school children back into the main stream.

* The 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively. It will include 12 years of schooling and three years of Anganwadi and pre-schooling.

* NCERT will develop a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE) for children up to the age of eight.

* NEP 2020 calls for setting up of a National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy by the Education Ministry. States will prepare an implementation plan for attaining universal foundational literacy and numeracy in all primary schools for all learners by grade 3 by 2025.

* A National Book Promotion Policy is to be formulated.

* All students will take school examinations in Grades 3, 5, and 8 which will be conducted by the appropriate authority. Board exams for Grades 10 and 12 will be continued, but redesigned with holistic development as the aim.

* A new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), will be set up as a standard-setting body.

* NEP emphasises on setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund and also Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.

* Every state/district will be encouraged to establish ''Bal Bhavans'' as a special daytime boarding school, to participate in art-related, career-related, and play-related activities. Free school infrastructure can be used as Samajik Chetna Kendras.

* A common National Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST) will be developed by the National Council for Teacher Education by 2022, in consultation with NCERT, SCERTs, teachers and expert organizations from across levels and regions.

* States/UTs will set up independent State School Standards Authority (SSSA). The SCERT will develop a School Quality Assessment and Accreditation Framework (SQAAF) through consultations with all stakeholders.

* NEP 2020 aims to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education including vocational education from 26.3 per cent in 2018 to 50 per cent by 2035 and aims to add 3.5 crore new seats to higher education institutions.

* The policy envisages broad-based, multi-disciplinary, holistic Under Graduate education with flexible curricula, creative combinations of subjects, integration of vocational education and multiple entry and exit points with appropriate certification.

* An Academic Bank of Credit is to be established for digitally storing academic credits earned from different HEIs so that these can be transferred and counted towards final degree earned.

* Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at par with IITs, IIMs, to be set up as models of best multidisciplinary education of global standards in the country.

* The National Research Foundation will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.

* Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) will be set up as a single overarching umbrella body for entire higher education, excluding medical and legal education.

* Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation and academic standards.

* Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years and a stage-wise mechanism is to be established for granting graded autonomy to colleges.

* A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be formulated by the NCTE in consultation with NCERT.

* By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4-year integrated B.Ed. degree.

* Stringent action will be taken against substandard stand-alone Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs).

* A National Mission for Mentoring will be established, with a large pool of outstanding senior/retired faculty who would be willing to provide short and long-term mentoring/professional support to university/college teachers.

* The National Scholarship Portal will be expanded to track the progress of students receiving scholarships.

* Private HEIs will be encouraged to offer larger numbers of free ships and scholarships to their students.

* Measures such as online courses and digital repositories, funding for research, improved student services, credit-based recognition of MOOCs, etc., will be taken to ensure distance learning is at par with the highest quality in-class programmes.

* A comprehensive set of recommendations for promoting online education consequent to the recent rise in epidemics and pandemics in order to ensure preparedness with alternative modes of quality education whenever and wherever traditional modes of education are not possible, has been covered.

* A dedicated unit for the purpose of orchestrating the building of digital infrastructure, digital content and capacity building will be created in the HRD ministry to look after the e-education needs of both school and higher education.

* An autonomous body, the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration.

* NEP recommends setting an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI), National Institute (or Institutes) for Pali, Persian and Prakrit, strengthening of Sanskrit and all language departments in HEIs, &nbsp;and use mother tongue/local language as a medium of instruction in more HEI &nbsp;programmes.

* Internationalisation of education will be facilitated through both institutional collaborations, and student and faculty mobility and allowing entry of top world ranked universities to open campuses in India.

* Stand-alone technical universities, health science universities, legal and agricultural universities etc will aim to become multi-disciplinary institutions.

* Policy aims to achieve 100% youth and adult literacy.

* The Centre and the States will work together to increase the public investment in Education sector to reach 6 per cent of GDP at the earliest.

The Union Cabinet approved the National Education Policy 2020 on Wednesday. Below are some of the key features of the new policy: * This is the first education policy of the 21st century and replaces the thirty-four-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986.

The Union Cabinet approved the National Education Policy 2020 on Wednesday. Below are some of the key features of the new policy: * This is the first education policy of the 21st century and replaces the thirty-four-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986. * The new policy aims for universalisation of education from pre-school to secondary level with 100 per cent Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030 and aims to raise GER in higher education to 50 per cent by 2025. *To enroll for a Ph.D, a Master’s degree or a 4-year Bachelor’s degree with Research shall be required. The M.Phil programme shall be discontinued. * NEP 2020 will bring two crore out of school children back into the main stream. * The 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively. It will include 12 years of schooling and three years of Anganwadi and pre-schooling. * NCERT will develop a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE) for children up to the age of eight. * NEP 2020 calls for setting up of a National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy by the Education Ministry. States will prepare an implementation plan for attaining universal foundational literacy and numeracy in all primary schools for all learners by grade 3 by 2025. * A National Book Promotion Policy is to be formulated. * All students will take school examinations in Grades 3, 5, and 8 which will be conducted by the appropriate authority. Board exams for Grades 10 and 12 will be continued, but redesigned with holistic development as the aim. * A new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), will be set up as a standard-setting body. * NEP emphasises on setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund and also Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups. * Every state/district will be encouraged to establish ''Bal Bhavans'' as a special daytime boarding school, to participate in art-related, career-related, and play-related activities. Free school infrastructure can be used as Samajik Chetna Kendras. * A common National Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST) will be developed by the National Council for Teacher Education by 2022, in consultation with NCERT, SCERTs, teachers and expert organizations from across levels and regions. * States/UTs will set up independent State School Standards Authority (SSSA). The SCERT will develop a School Quality Assessment and Accreditation Framework (SQAAF) through consultations with all stakeholders. * NEP 2020 aims to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education including vocational education from 26.3 per cent in 2018 to 50 per cent by 2035 and aims to add 3.5 crore new seats to higher education institutions. * The policy envisages broad-based, multi-disciplinary, holistic Under Graduate education with flexible curricula, creative combinations of subjects, integration of vocational education and multiple entry and exit points with appropriate certification. * An Academic Bank of Credit is to be established for digitally storing academic credits earned from different HEIs so that these can be transferred and counted towards final degree earned. * Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at par with IITs, IIMs, to be set up as models of best multidisciplinary education of global standards in the country. * The National Research Foundation will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education. * Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) will be set up as a single overarching umbrella body for entire higher education, excluding medical and legal education. * Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation and academic standards. * Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years and a stage-wise mechanism is to be established for granting graded autonomy to colleges. * A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be formulated by the NCTE in consultation with NCERT. * By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4-year integrated B.Ed. degree. * Stringent action will be taken against substandard stand-alone Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs). * A National Mission for Mentoring will be established, with a large pool of outstanding senior/retired faculty who would be willing to provide short and long-term mentoring/professional support to university/college teachers. * The National Scholarship Portal will be expanded to track the progress of students receiving scholarships. * Private HEIs will be encouraged to offer larger numbers of free ships and scholarships to their students. * Measures such as online courses and digital repositories, funding for research, improved student services, credit-based recognition of MOOCs, etc., will be taken to ensure distance learning is at par with the highest quality in-class programmes. * A comprehensive set of recommendations for promoting online education consequent to the recent rise in epidemics and pandemics in order to ensure preparedness with alternative modes of quality education whenever and wherever traditional modes of education are not possible, has been covered. * A dedicated unit for the purpose of orchestrating the building of digital infrastructure, digital content and capacity building will be created in the HRD ministry to look after the e-education needs of both school and higher education. * An autonomous body, the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration. * NEP recommends setting an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI), National Institute (or Institutes) for Pali, Persian and Prakrit, strengthening of Sanskrit and all language departments in HEIs, and use mother tongue/local language as a medium of instruction in more HEI programmes. * Internationalisation of education will be facilitated through both institutional collaborations, and student and faculty mobility and allowing entry of top world ranked universities to open campuses in India. * Stand-alone technical universities, health science universities, legal and agricultural universities etc will aim to become multi-disciplinary institutions. * Policy aims to achieve 100% youth and adult literacy. * The Centre and the States will work together to increase the public investment in Education sector to reach 6 per cent of GDP at the earliest.

From 4 years B.Ed. degree to removing M.Phil: Highlights of National Education Policy 2020

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