An army of "invasive" green iguanas has attacked Florida, United States and turned into a big headache for the locals.

Thousands of these monstrous and cold-blooded lizards have entered the houses after relentless hunting for balmy&nbsp;weather across regions. The numbers of these lizards seem to be growing on a daily basis.

The reptilian invaders have also led to chaos in Palm Beach County and resulted in power cuts and damaged infrastructure costing a good sum.&nbsp;

The appearance of green iguanas is sudden as they emerge in swimming pools, gardens and the toilets of the houses, leaving residents shocked and stunned.

Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-identify-248-million-year-old-lizard-like-creature-that-survived-what-dinosaurs-couldnt-623945">Scientists identify 248 million-year-old lizard-like creature that survived what dinosaurs couldn't</a>

These notorious critters have been digging near water bodies because of erosion issues have emerged. The iguanas chewed the cables and led to 16 blackouts in West Palm Beach which plunged multiple homes into darkness, as reported by the Daily Star.

While speaking to ClickOrlando, biology expert Matthew Atkinson said, "Honestly as their population gets bigger and bigger in South Florida, they're like any other animal. They want to find habitats and resources that they can use to thrive. And so, as there's a ton more down there, they need to have somewhere else to go. So, they're just kind of moving up."

<h2>How iguanas can turn dangerous for people in Florida?</h2>

Wildlife experts have warned that iguanas are capable of spreading bugs like salmonella among the pets kept at home.&nbsp;

They can also give a nasty bite with their jaws and can seriously injure people. Once the temperatures drop at night, these reptiles become immobilised and fall from the trees at times. If they fall on people, it can seriously injure them.

Watch:&nbsp;Woman receives Lizard instead of Airfryer&nbsp;

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/woman-receives-lizard-instead-of-airfryer-trending-on-wion-744173/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Since the iguanas have been increasing in Florida, people have been advised to look upwards when walking in the night and also not rile them up when they spot them.

Speaking to the&nbsp;BBC, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Lisa Thompson said, "The FWC reminds the public that if they encounter a cold-stunned iguana, they should not bring it into their homes. Iguanas are wild animals and once they recover and warm up, they could act defensively."

(With inputs from agencies)

An army of "invasive" green iguanas has attacked Florida, United States and turned into a big headache for the locals. Thousands of these monstrous and cold-blooded lizards have entered the houses after relentless hunting for balmy weather across regions.

An army of "invasive" green iguanas has attacked Florida, United States and turned into a big headache for the locals. Thousands of these monstrous and cold-blooded lizards have entered the houses after relentless hunting for balmy weather across regions. The numbers of these lizards seem to be growing on a daily basis. The reptilian invaders have also led to chaos in Palm Beach County and resulted in power cuts and damaged infrastructure costing a good sum. The appearance of green iguanas is sudden as they emerge in swimming pools, gardens and the toilets of the houses, leaving residents shocked and stunned. Also Read: Scientists identify 248 million-year-old lizard-like creature that survived what dinosaurs couldn't These notorious critters have been digging near water bodies because of erosion issues have emerged. The iguanas chewed the cables and led to 16 blackouts in West Palm Beach which plunged multiple homes into darkness, as reported by the Daily Star. While speaking to ClickOrlando, biology expert Matthew Atkinson said, "Honestly as their population gets bigger and bigger in South Florida, they're like any other animal. They want to find habitats and resources that they can use to thrive. And so, as there's a ton more down there, they need to have somewhere else to go. So, they're just kind of moving up." How iguanas can turn dangerous for people in Florida? Wildlife experts have warned that iguanas are capable of spreading bugs like salmonella among the pets kept at home. They can also give a nasty bite with their jaws and can seriously injure people. Once the temperatures drop at night, these reptiles become immobilised and fall from the trees at times. If they fall on people, it can seriously injure them. Watch: Woman receives Lizard instead of Airfryer Since the iguanas have been increasing in Florida, people have been advised to look upwards when walking in the night and also not rile them up when they spot them. Speaking to the BBC, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Lisa Thompson said, "The FWC reminds the public that if they encounter a cold-stunned iguana, they should not bring it into their homes. Iguanas are wild animals and once they recover and warm up, they could act defensively." (With inputs from agencies)

Giant lizards 'are raining' in Florida! Green iguanas invade homes amid balmy weather

Ukrainians living across Europe watched in horror and disbelief from afar Thursday as Russia’s invasion of their home country began with shelling and rocket attacks in several cities.

Many shared feelings of helplessness as they received frantic calls from loved ones back home describing attacks nearby, instructing them what to do if they were killed in the conflict, or sending requests to empty bank accounts.

At protests in London on Thursday, some wept. Some fingered prayer beads. And many said they were determined to raise their voices and demand greater action by the world to end Russian aggression.

Yulia Tomashckuk, 29, wore sunglasses to shield her tears as she clutched a small Ukrainian flag. A village that neighbours her hometown in western Ukraine had been attacked, she said, news that her mother relayed to her by phone before dawn Thursday.

“I just felt I was useless sitting at home watching the news — here at least I can show there are people who support Ukraine, who are against war and who want Putin to be shown his place,” she said. “He needs to be stopped now.”

Russian President Vladimir Putin was the focus of much of the outrage.

Chants of “Putin, hands off Ukraine” and “U.K. support Ukraine” echoed from the crowd of hundreds that gathered outside Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s office at 10 Downing St. on Thursday.

Even before Russian strikes on Ukraine began, Britain and the European Union earlier this week announced targeted sanctions against Moscow. On Thursday, Johnson announced new actions from Britain and its allies that included asset freezes on major banks and individuals, a ban on Russian airline Aeroflot, and a ban on many technology exports to Russia.

Those who gathered near his office waved Ukrainian flags and demanded more stringent sanctions and broader actions from the West in response to Russian military action.

“I’m shocked, probably like everyone, because my family is still in Ukraine,” said Mariya Tymchyshyn, 30, who took time off work to join the protests. “We were panicked as well: We don’t know what to do. No one can be ready for this.”

Tymchyshyn’s family lives in the western part of Ukraine, away from the most fierce attacks, but she was worried for her grandparents, who as survivors of World War II have already lived through intense fighting in Ukraine.

“It’s probably the hardest part for us,” she said. “I was trying to calm down my grandmother, but she remembers being a child at that time and a bomb killed her mother. I want peace for all of us.”

Inna Tereshchuk, 26, who has lived in Britain for eight years, said her family members “are all scared for their lives.”

She is trying to remain strong for them.

“We don’t know how long they will be alive, what Putin has on his mind,” she said. “The whole world knows about it, and no one is doing anything.”

She was joined at the protest by her friend Alina Clarke, 25, whose family lives near Kyiv. Clarke spoke with her father, who vowed to stand his ground, telling her that he was not going anywhere and planned “to stay until the end.”

“I hope that in every city and town all over the world Ukrainians are going to come out and show that we are not afraid of Putin, and we want him to take his hands off our country,” Clarke said. “Ukraine has every right to exist.”

A small group also gathered at the Russian Embassy in northwest London, where a number of protests have been held in recent days, but by Thursday morning they had taken on a more somber tone. Among the handful who stood outside the embassy were a number of Russians denouncing their government’s actions.

Tatiana Rudayak, 46, a Russian-British woman who held a blue sign with the words “Stop the War” painted on it in bright yellow paint, was keen to have her voice heard.

“I am here because my country has started a war, and I couldn’t live with myself if I didn’t protest that,” she said. “I was fluctuating between despair and fury and this is the only thing I can do.”

Denis Zihiltsov, 34, who said he had not slept the night before, came to the embassy holding a sign in Russian that read, “I’m Russian and I demand you stop killing our brothers. Glory to Ukraine.”

“It's heartbreaking,” he said. “It’s killing people for nothing.”

The Belarus Free Theatre, one of Europe’s most acclaimed theater troupes, was rehearsing a play in an east London studio Thursday, but all of its members were continually checking their phones for updates on the conflict.

Several of its members are Ukrainian and everyone knew someone trapped in the country.

Marichka Marczyk, at the rehearsals in London, said in a telephone interview that she’d just had a text exchange with her brother in Kyiv about what to do if he was killed in the conflict. “My will is simple,” he replied. “Burn my body/scatter the ashes,” adding: “All my riches to my kid.” Those riches include his honey bees.

Similar scenes played out in cities across Europe, where Ukrainian expatriates were grappling with the troubling news from their homeland. In Berlin’s Pariser Platz, hundreds of somber protesters wrapped in Ukrainian flags gathered Thursday.

Lyudmyla Mlosch, 70, who runs an association for Ukrainians in Berlin, had been up since 5:30 a.m., trying to organize temporary shelter for friends, family and others who manage to leave the country. Her son and his family live in northwestern Ukraine and her grandson is studying at the university in Kyiv.

“My heart is broken in two,” she said.

“It’s such awful news; I’m so sad — I just feel helpless,” she said. “When Putin says Ukraine belongs to Russia, I don’t understand how he could do such a thing to his brother and his sister,” she said.

In Madrid, a small group of protesters, some in tears, gathered outside the Russian Embassy to demand an end to the invasion. They waved Ukrainian flags and shouted “terrorists.”

Nadiya Pshenychniak, a cleaner who has lived in Madrid for 20 years, said that she was extremely worried for her family in the western Ukrainian city of Lviv, including one of her daughters who recently had a kidney transplant. But, she added, “This is sadly not such a big surprise, because Russia has always wanted Ukraine and has a long history of doing horrible things to our people.”

Pshenychniak, 69, had plans to visit her family in the summer, but she now fears that it may be some time before she will see them again.

Near the Russian embassy in Rome, which was blocked off by the police, hundreds rallied.

“Only together can we win — we have to remain united,” said Oles Horodetskyy, the president of the Christian Association of Ukrainians in Italy, who helped organize the protest.

Horodetskyy said Ukrainian associations in Italy were organizing to “give as much help as possible,” and they hoped to create a humanitarian corridor to send clothing and food to Ukraine. The details were to be announced, he said, sighing. “It’s only the first day. It’s complicated.”

Hundreds of Ukrainian expatriates living in France also protested in front of the massive, soviet-style Russian Embassy in Paris on Thursday, waving Ukrainian flags and singing patriotic songs.

“There’s so much emotion,” said Valeria Skubrii, a 25-year-old Ukrainian sommelier in Paris, as the crowd behind her burst into the Ukrainian national anthem.

Skubrii said her parents called at 4 a.m. from Odessa, where they live, and where Russian troops landed earlier in the day. “My father this morning went to get some medicine — a blast near him was so strong that it threw him to the ground,” she said.

Oleksandra Chevtchenko, a member of a Ukrainian feminist protest group who fled Ukraine in 2013, said in a telephone interview from Paris that the invasion was “unbelievable.”

“My mind is kind of frozen, I don’t know what to do, what to feel,” she said.

Ukrainians living across Europe watched in horror and disbelief from afar Thursday as Russia’s invasion of their home country began with shelling and rocket attacks in several cities.

Ukrainians living across Europe watched in horror and disbelief from afar Thursday as Russia’s invasion of their home country began with shelling and rocket attacks in several cities. Many shared feelings of helplessness as they received frantic calls from loved ones back home describing attacks nearby, instructing them what to do if they were killed in the conflict, or sending requests to empty bank accounts. At protests in London on Thursday, some wept. Some fingered prayer beads. And many said they were determined to raise their voices and demand greater action by the world to end Russian aggression. Yulia Tomashckuk, 29, wore sunglasses to shield her tears as she clutched a small Ukrainian flag. A village that neighbours her hometown in western Ukraine had been attacked, she said, news that her mother relayed to her by phone before dawn Thursday. “I just felt I was useless sitting at home watching the news — here at least I can show there are people who support Ukraine, who are against war and who want Putin to be shown his place,” she said. “He needs to be stopped now.” Russian President Vladimir Putin was the focus of much of the outrage. Chants of “Putin, hands off Ukraine” and “U.K. support Ukraine” echoed from the crowd of hundreds that gathered outside Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s office at 10 Downing St. on Thursday. Even before Russian strikes on Ukraine began, Britain and the European Union earlier this week announced targeted sanctions against Moscow. On Thursday, Johnson announced new actions from Britain and its allies that included asset freezes on major banks and individuals, a ban on Russian airline Aeroflot, and a ban on many technology exports to Russia. Those who gathered near his office waved Ukrainian flags and demanded more stringent sanctions and broader actions from the West in response to Russian military action. “I’m shocked, probably like everyone, because my family is still in Ukraine,” said Mariya Tymchyshyn, 30, who took time off work to join the protests. “We were panicked as well: We don’t know what to do. No one can be ready for this.” Tymchyshyn’s family lives in the western part of Ukraine, away from the most fierce attacks, but she was worried for her grandparents, who as survivors of World War II have already lived through intense fighting in Ukraine. “It’s probably the hardest part for us,” she said. “I was trying to calm down my grandmother, but she remembers being a child at that time and a bomb killed her mother. I want peace for all of us.” Inna Tereshchuk, 26, who has lived in Britain for eight years, said her family members “are all scared for their lives.” She is trying to remain strong for them. “We don’t know how long they will be alive, what Putin has on his mind,” she said. “The whole world knows about it, and no one is doing anything.” She was joined at the protest by her friend Alina Clarke, 25, whose family lives near Kyiv. Clarke spoke with her father, who vowed to stand his ground, telling her that he was not going anywhere and planned “to stay until the end.” “I hope that in every city and town all over the world Ukrainians are going to come out and show that we are not afraid of Putin, and we want him to take his hands off our country,” Clarke said. “Ukraine has every right to exist.” A small group also gathered at the Russian Embassy in northwest London, where a number of protests have been held in recent days, but by Thursday morning they had taken on a more somber tone. Among the handful who stood outside the embassy were a number of Russians denouncing their government’s actions. Tatiana Rudayak, 46, a Russian-British woman who held a blue sign with the words “Stop the War” painted on it in bright yellow paint, was keen to have her voice heard. “I am here because my country has started a war, and I couldn’t live with myself if I didn’t protest that,” she said. “I was fluctuating between despair and fury and this is the only thing I can do.” Denis Zihiltsov, 34, who said he had not slept the night before, came to the embassy holding a sign in Russian that read, “I’m Russian and I demand you stop killing our brothers. Glory to Ukraine.” “It's heartbreaking,” he said. “It’s killing people for nothing.” The Belarus Free Theatre, one of Europe’s most acclaimed theater troupes, was rehearsing a play in an east London studio Thursday, but all of its members were continually checking their phones for updates on the conflict. Several of its members are Ukrainian and everyone knew someone trapped in the country. Marichka Marczyk, at the rehearsals in London, said in a telephone interview that she’d just had a text exchange with her brother in Kyiv about what to do if he was killed in the conflict. “My will is simple,” he replied. “Burn my body/scatter the ashes,” adding: “All my riches to my kid.” Those riches include his honey bees. Similar scenes played out in cities across Europe, where Ukrainian expatriates were grappling with the troubling news from their homeland. In Berlin’s Pariser Platz, hundreds of somber protesters wrapped in Ukrainian flags gathered Thursday. Lyudmyla Mlosch, 70, who runs an association for Ukrainians in Berlin, had been up since 5:30 a.m., trying to organize temporary shelter for friends, family and others who manage to leave the country. Her son and his family live in northwestern Ukraine and her grandson is studying at the university in Kyiv. “My heart is broken in two,” she said. “It’s such awful news; I’m so sad — I just feel helpless,” she said. “When Putin says Ukraine belongs to Russia, I don’t understand how he could do such a thing to his brother and his sister,” she said. In Madrid, a small group of protesters, some in tears, gathered outside the Russian Embassy to demand an end to the invasion. They waved Ukrainian flags and shouted “terrorists.” Nadiya Pshenychniak, a cleaner who has lived in Madrid for 20 years, said that she was extremely worried for her family in the western Ukrainian city of Lviv, including one of her daughters who recently had a kidney transplant. But, she added, “This is sadly not such a big surprise, because Russia has always wanted Ukraine and has a long history of doing horrible things to our people.” Pshenychniak, 69, had plans to visit her family in the summer, but she now fears that it may be some time before she will see them again. Near the Russian embassy in Rome, which was blocked off by the police, hundreds rallied. “Only together can we win — we have to remain united,” said Oles Horodetskyy, the president of the Christian Association of Ukrainians in Italy, who helped organize the protest. Horodetskyy said Ukrainian associations in Italy were organizing to “give as much help as possible,” and they hoped to create a humanitarian corridor to send clothing and food to Ukraine. The details were to be announced, he said, sighing. “It’s only the first day. It’s complicated.” Hundreds of Ukrainian expatriates living in France also protested in front of the massive, soviet-style Russian Embassy in Paris on Thursday, waving Ukrainian flags and singing patriotic songs. “There’s so much emotion,” said Valeria Skubrii, a 25-year-old Ukrainian sommelier in Paris, as the crowd behind her burst into the Ukrainian national anthem. Skubrii said her parents called at 4 a.m. from Odessa, where they live, and where Russian troops landed earlier in the day. “My father this morning went to get some medicine — a blast near him was so strong that it threw him to the ground,” she said. Oleksandra Chevtchenko, a member of a Ukrainian feminist protest group who fled Ukraine in 2013, said in a telephone interview from Paris that the invasion was “unbelievable.” “My mind is kind of frozen, I don’t know what to do, what to feel,” she said.

Ukrainians abroad talk of shock and disbelief as homeland is invaded

Arctic. Atlantic. Long ago, the two oceans existed in harmony, with warm and salty Atlantic waters gently flowing into the Arctic. The layered nature of the Arctic — sea ice on top, cool freshwater in the middle, and warm, salty water at the bottom — helped hold the boundary between the polar ocean and the warmer Atlantic.

But everything changed when the larger ocean began flowing faster than the polar ocean could accommodate, weakening the distinction between the layers and transforming Arctic waters into something closer to the Atlantic. This process, called Atlantification, is part of the reason the Arctic is warming faster than any other ocean.

“It’s not a new invasion of the Arctic,” said Yueng-Djern Lenn, a physical oceanographer at Bangor University in Wales. “What’s new is that the properties of the Arctic are changing.”

Satellites offer some of the clearest measurements of changes in the Arctic Ocean and sea ice. But their records only go back around 40 years, obscuring how the climate of the ocean may have changed in prior decades.

“To go back, we need a sort of time machine,” said Tommaso Tesi, a researcher at the Institute of Polar Sciences-CNR, Italy.

In a paper published Wednesday in the journal Science Advances, Tesi and colleagues were able to turn back time with yardlong sediment cores taken from the seafloor, which archived 800 years of historical changes in Arctic waters. Their analysis found Atlantification started at the beginning of the 20th century — decades before the process had been documented by satellite imagery. The Arctic has warmed by around 2 degrees Celsius since 1900. But this early Atlantification did not appear in existing historical climate models, a discrepancy the authors say may reveal gaps in those estimates.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/new-zealand-mp-julie-anne-genter-pedals-to-hospital-in-labour-gives-birth-after-an-hour-432526">Also read |&nbsp;New Zealand MP, Julie Anne Genter, pedals to hospital in labour; gives birth after an hour</a>

“It’s a bit unsettling because we rely on these models for future climate predictions,” Tesi said.

Mohamed Ezat, a researcher at the Tromso campus of the Arctic University of Norway and who was not involved with the research, called the findings “remarkable.”

“Information on long-term past changes in Arctic Ocean hydrography are needed, and long overdue,” Ezat wrote in an email.

In 2017, the researchers extracted a sediment core from the seafloor of Kongsfjorden, a glacial fjord in the east end of the Fram Strait, a gateway between the Norwegian archipelago Svalbard and Greenland, where Arctic and Atlantic waters mingle.

The researchers sliced up the core at regular intervals and dried those layers. Then came the painstaking process of sifting out and identifying the samples’ foraminifera — single-celled organisms that build intricate shells around themselves using minerals in the ocean.

When foraminifera die, their shells drift to the seafloor and accumulate in layers of sediment. The creatures are crucial clues in sediment samples; by identifying which foraminifera are present in a sample and analyzing the chemistry of their shells, scientists can glean the properties of past oceans.

The team’s original idea was to reconstruct the oceanographic conditions of a region that contained both Arctic and Atlantic waters, going back 1,000 to 2,000 years. But, in the slices of the core dating back to the early 20th century, the researchers noticed a sudden, massive increase in the concentration of foraminifera that prefer salty environments — a sign of Atlantification, far earlier than anyone had documented.

“It was quite a lot of surprises in one study,” said Francesco Muschitiello, an oceanographer at the University of Cambridge and an author on the paper.

The sheer amount of sediment was so high that the researchers could assemble a chronology of past climate down to five- or 10-year increments. Additionally, a molecular biomarker could pinpoint a specific year, 1916, when coal mining began in Kongsfjorden. Since the foraminiferal shift occurred just before this marker, the researchers estimate Atlantification began around 1907, give or take a decade.

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When the researchers compared the data from their paleoclimate model with others to see if they overlapped, they found existing climate models had no sign of this early Atlantification. The researchers suggest a number of possible reasons behind this absence, such as an underestimation of the role of freshwater mixing in the Arctic or the region’s sensitivity to warming.

Lenn, who was not involved with the research, sees a difference between this early Atlantification and the present, rapid Atlantification, which is largely driven by melting Arctic sea ice. “It’s too soon after the start of the Industrial Revolution for us to have accumulated excess heat in the planetary system for it to be anthropogenic at that point,” Lenn said.

The authors are not sure of the precise reasons behind the early Atlantification. If human influences are the cause, then “the whole system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than we previously thought,” Muschitiello said.

In another possibility, earlier natural warming may have made the Arctic Ocean much more sensitive to the accelerated Atlantification of recent decades. “Could it be that we destabilised a system that was already shifting?” Tesi said.

This is the maddening mystery of any paleoclimate model. “None of us were there,” Lenn said, laughing.

Although this is true of humans, it is not true of corals in the Fram Strait. The long-lived animals record changes in climate and other parameters, making them excellent sentinels of climate history. Tesi hopes to study the strait’s cold-living corals next, to see what insight they may offer into the Atlantic’s usurpation of the Arctic.

Arctic. Atlantic. Long ago, the two oceans existed in harmony, with warm and salty Atlantic waters gently flowing into the Arctic. The layered nature of the Arctic — sea ice on top, cool freshwater in the middle, and warm, salty water at the bottom — helped hold the boundary between the polar ocean and the warmer Atlantic.

Arctic. Atlantic. Long ago, the two oceans existed in harmony, with warm and salty Atlantic waters gently flowing into the Arctic. The layered nature of the Arctic — sea ice on top, cool freshwater in the middle, and warm, salty water at the bottom — helped hold the boundary between the polar ocean and the warmer Atlantic. But everything changed when the larger ocean began flowing faster than the polar ocean could accommodate, weakening the distinction between the layers and transforming Arctic waters into something closer to the Atlantic. This process, called Atlantification, is part of the reason the Arctic is warming faster than any other ocean. “It’s not a new invasion of the Arctic,” said Yueng-Djern Lenn, a physical oceanographer at Bangor University in Wales. “What’s new is that the properties of the Arctic are changing.” Satellites offer some of the clearest measurements of changes in the Arctic Ocean and sea ice. But their records only go back around 40 years, obscuring how the climate of the ocean may have changed in prior decades. “To go back, we need a sort of time machine,” said Tommaso Tesi, a researcher at the Institute of Polar Sciences-CNR, Italy. In a paper published Wednesday in the journal Science Advances, Tesi and colleagues were able to turn back time with yardlong sediment cores taken from the seafloor, which archived 800 years of historical changes in Arctic waters. Their analysis found Atlantification started at the beginning of the 20th century — decades before the process had been documented by satellite imagery. The Arctic has warmed by around 2 degrees Celsius since 1900. But this early Atlantification did not appear in existing historical climate models, a discrepancy the authors say may reveal gaps in those estimates. Also read | New Zealand MP, Julie Anne Genter, pedals to hospital in labour; gives birth after an hour “It’s a bit unsettling because we rely on these models for future climate predictions,” Tesi said. Mohamed Ezat, a researcher at the Tromso campus of the Arctic University of Norway and who was not involved with the research, called the findings “remarkable.” “Information on long-term past changes in Arctic Ocean hydrography are needed, and long overdue,” Ezat wrote in an email. In 2017, the researchers extracted a sediment core from the seafloor of Kongsfjorden, a glacial fjord in the east end of the Fram Strait, a gateway between the Norwegian archipelago Svalbard and Greenland, where Arctic and Atlantic waters mingle. The researchers sliced up the core at regular intervals and dried those layers. Then came the painstaking process of sifting out and identifying the samples’ foraminifera — single-celled organisms that build intricate shells around themselves using minerals in the ocean. When foraminifera die, their shells drift to the seafloor and accumulate in layers of sediment. The creatures are crucial clues in sediment samples; by identifying which foraminifera are present in a sample and analyzing the chemistry of their shells, scientists can glean the properties of past oceans. The team’s original idea was to reconstruct the oceanographic conditions of a region that contained both Arctic and Atlantic waters, going back 1,000 to 2,000 years. But, in the slices of the core dating back to the early 20th century, the researchers noticed a sudden, massive increase in the concentration of foraminifera that prefer salty environments — a sign of Atlantification, far earlier than anyone had documented. “It was quite a lot of surprises in one study,” said Francesco Muschitiello, an oceanographer at the University of Cambridge and an author on the paper. The sheer amount of sediment was so high that the researchers could assemble a chronology of past climate down to five- or 10-year increments. Additionally, a molecular biomarker could pinpoint a specific year, 1916, when coal mining began in Kongsfjorden. Since the foraminiferal shift occurred just before this marker, the researchers estimate Atlantification began around 1907, give or take a decade. Also read | Scottish schoolgirls boycott gender-neutral toilets due to misbehaviour by boys When the researchers compared the data from their paleoclimate model with others to see if they overlapped, they found existing climate models had no sign of this early Atlantification. The researchers suggest a number of possible reasons behind this absence, such as an underestimation of the role of freshwater mixing in the Arctic or the region’s sensitivity to warming. Lenn, who was not involved with the research, sees a difference between this early Atlantification and the present, rapid Atlantification, which is largely driven by melting Arctic sea ice. “It’s too soon after the start of the Industrial Revolution for us to have accumulated excess heat in the planetary system for it to be anthropogenic at that point,” Lenn said. The authors are not sure of the precise reasons behind the early Atlantification. If human influences are the cause, then “the whole system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than we previously thought,” Muschitiello said. In another possibility, earlier natural warming may have made the Arctic Ocean much more sensitive to the accelerated Atlantification of recent decades. “Could it be that we destabilised a system that was already shifting?” Tesi said. This is the maddening mystery of any paleoclimate model. “None of us were there,” Lenn said, laughing. Although this is true of humans, it is not true of corals in the Fram Strait. The long-lived animals record changes in climate and other parameters, making them excellent sentinels of climate history. Tesi hopes to study the strait’s cold-living corals next, to see what insight they may offer into the Atlantic’s usurpation of the Arctic.

This ocean invaded its neighbour earlier than anyone thought

Yoga guru Baba Ramdev on Sunday said India should invade Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (POK) and make it a part of India.&nbsp;

"It is true that terrorists are trained in Pakistan, a solution to this problem is that India should invade PoK and make it a part of the country," he said.&nbsp;

He also said that India should also help in freedom of Balochistan, only then Pakistan will correct its course.

Ramdev made this statement after Pakistan’s ousted Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on Saturday admitted that homegrown terrorist outfits were responsible for the 2008 attacks in Mumbai.

On November 26, 2008, 10 armed Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists forced their way into Mumbai and carried out coordinated shooting and bombing. Commonly called the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks, the city was under siege till November 29. Coordinated attacks killed 166 and injured over 300. Only one of the terrorists, Ajmal Kasab, could be caught alive. On May 3, 2010, he was found guilty of 80 offences and was sentenced to death on four counts and to a life sentence on five counts. He was executed on November 21, 2012.

Ramdev is in Bihar since Tuesday for holding training camps in districts like Nalanda and Gaya.

Earlier, Yoga Guru Baba Ramdev called on Lalu Prasad to congratulate him on his son's marriage and advised the ailing leader to practice safe breathing exercises like Anulom Vilom Pranayama to maintain good health.

Ramdev is in Bihar since Tuesday for holding training camps in districts like Nalanda and Gaya.

Yoga guru Baba Ramdev on Sunday said India should invade Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (POK) and make it a part of India. "It is true that terrorists are trained in Pakistan, a solution to this problem is that India should invade PoK and make it a part of the country," he said. He also said that India should also help in freedom of Balochistan, only then Pakistan will correct its course. Ramdev made this statement after Pakistan’s ousted Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on Saturday admitted that homegrown terrorist outfits were responsible for the 2008 attacks in Mumbai. On November 26, 2008, 10 armed Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists forced their way into Mumbai and carried out coordinated shooting and bombing. Commonly called the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks, the city was under siege till November 29. Coordinated attacks killed 166 and injured over 300. Only one of the terrorists, Ajmal Kasab, could be caught alive. On May 3, 2010, he was found guilty of 80 offences and was sentenced to death on four counts and to a life sentence on five counts. He was executed on November 21, 2012. Ramdev is in Bihar since Tuesday for holding training camps in districts like Nalanda and Gaya. Earlier, Yoga Guru Baba Ramdev called on Lalu Prasad to congratulate him on his son's marriage and advised the ailing leader to practice safe breathing exercises like Anulom Vilom Pranayama to maintain good health.

India should invade Pakistan-occupied Kashmir: Yoga guru Baba Ramdev

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