<p>The Chandrayaan-3 rover Pragyan has found the presence of sulphur near the south pole of the lunar surface, the Indian Space Research Organisation said.</p>

<p>While conducting first-ever in-situ measurements on the elemental composition of the lunar surface, the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument onboard the rover found sulphur.</p>

<p>"These in-situ measurements confirm the presence of Sulphur (S) in the region unambiguously, something that was not feasible by the instruments onboard the orbiters," it said.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Chandrayaan-3 Mission:<br />
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In-situ scientific experiments continue .....<br />
<br />
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) instrument onboard the Rover unambiguously confirms the presence of Sulphur (S) in the lunar surface near the south pole, through first-ever in-situ measurements.… <a href="https://t.co/vDQmByWcSL">pic.twitter.com/vDQmByWcSL</a></p>
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1696529346872451541?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 29, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p>Not only Sulphur, but the LIBS instrument also found the presence of aluminium&nbsp;(Al), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and titanium (Ti) on the lunar surface.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Further measurements have revealed the presence of manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), and oxygen (O)," it said.</p>

<p>The rover is now conducting experiments to find the presence of hydrogen, ISRO said.</p>

<h2><strong>Chandrayaan 3 shares first observations about moon's soil temperature</strong></h2>

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<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/chandrayaan-3-mission-pragyan-rover-stumbles-upon-giant-crater-on-moons-south-pole-629965">Chandrayaan-3 mission: Pragyan rover stumbles upon giant crater on Moon’s south pole</a></p>

<p>LIBS is a scientific technique that analyses the composition of materials by exposing them to intense laser pulses. A high-energy laser pulse is focused onto the surface of a material, such as a rock or soil. The laser pulse generates an extremely hot and localised plasma.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/moon-done-lets-go-study-the-sun-isro-aditya-l1-launch-on-saturday-sept-2nd-629955">Moon done, let's go study the Sun: ISRO to launch Aditya-L1 on September 2</a></p>

<p>The collected plasma light is spectrally resolved and detected by detectors such as Charge Coupled Devices. Since each element emits a characteristic set of wavelengths of light when it's in a plasma state, the elemental composition of the material is determined.</p>

<h2><strong>Other discoveries made by Pragyan rover</strong></h2>

<p>India's Chandrayaan-3, since its successful landing on the Moon on August 23, has been making several ground-breaking discoveries. Apart from stumbling upon giant craters in the south polar region, the Pragyan rover has also found massive temperature variations on the lunar surface.</p>

<p>During its observation of lunar top soil, the rover's ChaSTE (Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment) instrument found that the temperature on the surface of the Moon was around 50 degrees Celsius, and it increased to over 60 degrees at the height of 20mm. At minus 80mm depth, which is below the ground, the temperature dropped&nbsp;to minus 10 degrees Celsius.</p>

<p>The ChaSTE measures the temperature profile of the lunar topsoil around the pole&nbsp;to understand the thermal behaviour of the moon's surface. It has a temperature probe equipped with a controlled penetration mechanism capable of reaching a depth of 10 cm beneath the surface. The probe is fitted with 10 individual temperature sensors</p>

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The Chandrayaan-3 rover Pragyan has found the presence of sulphur near the south pole of the lunar surface, the Indian Space Research Organisation said. While conducting first-ever in-situ measurements on the elemental composition of the lunar surface, the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument onboard the rover found sulphur.

The Chandrayaan-3 rover Pragyan has found the presence of sulphur near the south pole of the lunar surface, the Indian Space Research Organisation said. While conducting first-ever in-situ measurements on the elemental composition of the lunar surface, the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument onboard the rover found sulphur. "These in-situ measurements confirm the presence of Sulphur (S) in the region unambiguously, something that was not feasible by the instruments onboard the orbiters," it said. Chandrayaan-3 Mission: In-situ scientific experiments continue ..... Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) instrument onboard the Rover unambiguously confirms the presence of Sulphur (S) in the lunar surface near the south pole, through first-ever in-situ measurements.… pic.twitter.com/vDQmByWcSL — ISRO (@isro) August 29, 2023 × Not only Sulphur, but the LIBS instrument also found the presence of aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and titanium (Ti) on the lunar surface. "Further measurements have revealed the presence of manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), and oxygen (O)," it said. The rover is now conducting experiments to find the presence of hydrogen, ISRO said. Chandrayaan 3 shares first observations about moon's soil temperature Also read | Chandrayaan-3 mission: Pragyan rover stumbles upon giant crater on Moon’s south pole LIBS is a scientific technique that analyses the composition of materials by exposing them to intense laser pulses. A high-energy laser pulse is focused onto the surface of a material, such as a rock or soil. The laser pulse generates an extremely hot and localised plasma. Also read | Moon done, let's go study the Sun: ISRO to launch Aditya-L1 on September 2 The collected plasma light is spectrally resolved and detected by detectors such as Charge Coupled Devices. Since each element emits a characteristic set of wavelengths of light when it's in a plasma state, the elemental composition of the material is determined. Other discoveries made by Pragyan rover India's Chandrayaan-3, since its successful landing on the Moon on August 23, has been making several ground-breaking discoveries. Apart from stumbling upon giant craters in the south polar region, the Pragyan rover has also found massive temperature variations on the lunar surface. During its observation of lunar top soil, the rover's ChaSTE (Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment) instrument found that the temperature on the surface of the Moon was around 50 degrees Celsius, and it increased to over 60 degrees at the height of 20mm. At minus 80mm depth, which is below the ground, the temperature dropped to minus 10 degrees Celsius. The ChaSTE measures the temperature profile of the lunar topsoil around the pole to understand the thermal behaviour of the moon's surface. It has a temperature probe equipped with a controlled penetration mechanism capable of reaching a depth of 10 cm beneath the surface. The probe is fitted with 10 individual temperature sensors WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Chandrayaan-3 mission: Pragyan rover finds sulphur on Moon's south pole region, hunt on for hydrogen

<p>India on Wednesday (August 23) achieved a historic feat by soft-landing its Chandrayaan-3 on the Moon, becoming the first nation in the world to land a spacecraft on&nbsp;the Lunar South Pole. India’s success soon took the world by storm, including its arch-rival Pakistan.</p>

<p>For a change, Pakistanis have reacted jubilantly to India’s achievement this time around. From mocking the failure of India’s Chandrayaan-2 in 2019 to heaping praises on Chandrayaan-3, they have really come a long way.</p>

<p>For instance, Pakistan’s ex-minister of information and broadcasting Fawad Chaudhry recommended the country’s government televise the event live on national television. In 2019, he had mocked India saying that it was “not wise to venture into an unknown territory”. He had also used the hashtag ‘India Failed’ in his post on X, formerly Twitter.</p>

<p>But of all, the reaction by one witty Pakistani is garnering much attention in India. When one Pakistani YouTuber reached out to him seeking his comments on India’s success on the Moon, he quipped that he&nbsp;was already living on the Moon.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Watch the video here:</strong></p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Meanwhile, the Sense of Humor of Pakistani People are always top class. This on Chandrayaan <a href="https://t.co/Y127YPeyIv">pic.twitter.com/Y127YPeyIv</a></p>
— Joy (@Joydas) <a href="https://twitter.com/Joydas/status/1694386388014444603?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 23, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p>In the video, the Pakistani man drew a hilarious comparison between Pakistan and the Moon. In his words, both lacked basic necessities, including water, (cooking) gas, and electricity.</p>

<p>He hilariously implied that Pakistanis need not spend millions to reach the Moon as they were already enduring Moon-like conditions in their nation.</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;Why is Chandrayaan-3 landing on August 23</strong></p>

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<p>Meanwhile, while reacting to his witty comments, Indians couldn’t stop themselves from appreciating the sense of humour of Pakistanis.</p>

<p>“India landed on moon. Pakistan humour is top class. Wah beii,” commented one user.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/chandrayaan-3-mission-pragyan-rover-safely-traversing-moon-making-indias-mark-on-lunar-soil-exclusive-628579"><strong>Also read:&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3: Pragyan rover traversing Moon since 1:30 am Thursday - Exclusive</strong></a></p>

<p>“Most of the Pakistani people are really funny. Got some humour,” commented another Indian.</p>

<p>V. Krishnan, an X user, posted that the man must be hired by a PR firm for the “positivity and humour.”</p>

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India on Wednesday (August 23) achieved a historic feat by soft-landing its Chandrayaan-3 on the Moon, becoming the first nation in the world to land a spacecraft on the Lunar South Pole.

India on Wednesday (August 23) achieved a historic feat by soft-landing its Chandrayaan-3 on the Moon, becoming the first nation in the world to land a spacecraft on the Lunar South Pole. India’s success soon took the world by storm, including its arch-rival Pakistan. For a change, Pakistanis have reacted jubilantly to India’s achievement this time around. From mocking the failure of India’s Chandrayaan-2 in 2019 to heaping praises on Chandrayaan-3, they have really come a long way. For instance, Pakistan’s ex-minister of information and broadcasting Fawad Chaudhry recommended the country’s government televise the event live on national television. In 2019, he had mocked India saying that it was “not wise to venture into an unknown territory”. He had also used the hashtag ‘India Failed’ in his post on X, formerly Twitter. But of all, the reaction by one witty Pakistani is garnering much attention in India. When one Pakistani YouTuber reached out to him seeking his comments on India’s success on the Moon, he quipped that he was already living on the Moon. Watch the video here: Meanwhile, the Sense of Humor of Pakistani People are always top class. This on Chandrayaan pic.twitter.com/Y127YPeyIv — Joy (@Joydas) August 23, 2023 × In the video, the Pakistani man drew a hilarious comparison between Pakistan and the Moon. In his words, both lacked basic necessities, including water, (cooking) gas, and electricity. He hilariously implied that Pakistanis need not spend millions to reach the Moon as they were already enduring Moon-like conditions in their nation. Watch: Why is Chandrayaan-3 landing on August 23 × Meanwhile, while reacting to his witty comments, Indians couldn’t stop themselves from appreciating the sense of humour of Pakistanis. “India landed on moon. Pakistan humour is top class. Wah beii,” commented one user. Also read: Chandrayaan-3: Pragyan rover traversing Moon since 1:30 am Thursday - Exclusive “Most of the Pakistani people are really funny. Got some humour,” commented another Indian. V. Krishnan, an X user, posted that the man must be hired by a PR firm for the “positivity and humour.” WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

This Pakistan man has the wittiest reaction to India's Chandrayaan-3 success. Watch!

<p><strong>Chandrayaan-3 launch: </strong>India is all set to launch its third moon mission, Chandrayaan-3 on July 14. The lunar mission by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) aims to put a lander and a rover on the moon’s South Pole. The Chandryaan-3 will be launched by <a href="https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/india-news/business-economy/lvm3-all-about-chandrayaan3-launch-vehicle-1688631723114">Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM3),</a> also known as Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III.</p>

<p>The primary aim of the third moon mission, worth Rs 615 crore ($82 million), is to achieve a successful soft landing of the lander on the moon, followed by the deployment of a rover to carry out a range of experiments.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Chandrayaan-3: Launch date and time</strong></h2>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/india-news/business-economy/chandrayaan3-what-you-should-know-about-indias-moon-mission-1688377995659">ISRO’s Chandrayaan-3</a> is scheduled to launch on Friday, July 14 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. The launch will take place at 2:35 pm IST. After a successful launch, the lander of Chandrayaan-3 is expected to embark on a journey lasting slightly over a month. It is then expected to soft-land on the lunar surface on August 23-24.</p>

<h2><strong>Chandrayaan-3: Where and how to watch the launch live?</strong></h2>

<p>Anyone interested in watching the launch live from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre’s Launch View Gallery can do so by registering on the link provided by ISRO's official Twitter account.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Interested candidates can stream the launch online in real-time on the ISRO official YouTube channel or Doordarshan.&nbsp;</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">LVM3-M4/Chandrayaan-3 Mission:<br />
Vehicle electrical tests completed.<br />
<br />
Citizens are invited to witness the launch from the Launch View Gallery at SDSC-SHAR, Sriharikota, by registering at <a href="https://t.co/J9jd8ylRcC">https://t.co/J9jd8ylRcC</a></p>
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1677203551557238786?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 7, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<h2><strong>Chandrayaan-3: Will India achieve a successful soft landing on moon this time?</strong></h2>

<p>Chandrayaan-3 is the third instalment of the Chandrayaan series and India's second attempt to achieve a soft landing on the Moon's surface. Only three countries have successfully landed spacecraft on the airless lunar surface.</p>

<p>Ahead of the Chandrayaan-3 launch, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman S Somanath on Monday said that they “will be able to do a soft landing on the Moon” during the mission.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In order to achieve this feat, many changes and new additions are made to the third instalment of the Chandrayaan series. It consists of an indigenous Lander module (LM), a Propulsion module (PM), and a rover with the objective of developing and demonstrating new technologies required for interplanetary missions.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/countdown-begins-isro-to-launch-chandrayaan-3-on-july-14-all-details-here-612770">Countdown begins: ISRO to launch Chandrayaan-3 on July 14 | All details here</a></p>

<p>The Lander will have the capability to soft land at a specified lunar site and deploy the rover which will carry out in-situ chemical analysis of the lunar surface during the course of its mobility.</p>

<p>The propulsion module will carry the lander from launch vehicle injection to the final lunar 100 km circular polar orbit and separate the two.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

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Chandrayaan-3 launch: India is all set to launch its third moon mission, Chandrayaan-3 on July 14. The lunar mission by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) aims to put a lander and a rover on the moon’s South Pole.

Chandrayaan-3 launch: India is all set to launch its third moon mission, Chandrayaan-3 on July 14. The lunar mission by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) aims to put a lander and a rover on the moon’s South Pole. The Chandryaan-3 will be launched by Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM3), also known as Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III. The primary aim of the third moon mission, worth Rs 615 crore ($82 million), is to achieve a successful soft landing of the lander on the moon, followed by the deployment of a rover to carry out a range of experiments. Chandrayaan-3: Launch date and time ISRO’s Chandrayaan-3 is scheduled to launch on Friday, July 14 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. The launch will take place at 2:35 pm IST. After a successful launch, the lander of Chandrayaan-3 is expected to embark on a journey lasting slightly over a month. It is then expected to soft-land on the lunar surface on August 23-24. Chandrayaan-3: Where and how to watch the launch live? Anyone interested in watching the launch live from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre’s Launch View Gallery can do so by registering on the link provided by ISRO's official Twitter account. Interested candidates can stream the launch online in real-time on the ISRO official YouTube channel or Doordarshan. LVM3-M4/Chandrayaan-3 Mission: Vehicle electrical tests completed. Citizens are invited to witness the launch from the Launch View Gallery at SDSC-SHAR, Sriharikota, by registering at https://t.co/J9jd8ylRcC — ISRO (@isro) July 7, 2023 × Chandrayaan-3: Will India achieve a successful soft landing on moon this time? Chandrayaan-3 is the third instalment of the Chandrayaan series and India's second attempt to achieve a soft landing on the Moon's surface. Only three countries have successfully landed spacecraft on the airless lunar surface. Ahead of the Chandrayaan-3 launch, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman S Somanath on Monday said that they “will be able to do a soft landing on the Moon” during the mission. In order to achieve this feat, many changes and new additions are made to the third instalment of the Chandrayaan series. It consists of an indigenous Lander module (LM), a Propulsion module (PM), and a rover with the objective of developing and demonstrating new technologies required for interplanetary missions. Also Read | Countdown begins: ISRO to launch Chandrayaan-3 on July 14 | All details here The Lander will have the capability to soft land at a specified lunar site and deploy the rover which will carry out in-situ chemical analysis of the lunar surface during the course of its mobility. The propulsion module will carry the lander from launch vehicle injection to the final lunar 100 km circular polar orbit and separate the two. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Chandrayaan-3: India's third moon mission to launch on July 14. Here's how to watch the historic launch live

<p>India is all set to make history on July 15 with its <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/countdown-begins-for-launch-of-chandrayaan-ii-tomorrow-235687">second Moon mission, Chandrayaan-2</a>.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
India's most ambitious Moon mission will launch from Sriharikota's space centre in Andhra Pradesh at 2:51&nbsp;am on July 15.</p>

<p>It is scheduled to make a landing on the lunar surface by September 6 or 7.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/live-chandrayaan-2-indias-second-lunar-exploration-mission-235637"><strong>Live: Chandrayaan-2 — India's second lunar exploration mission</strong></a></p>

<p>The mission is a giant leap in India's space program.</p>

<p>Ahead of the launch here is a quick glimpse of what the mission will be like.</p>

<p>Launched from Sriharikota in southern India on a one hundred per cent Indian rocket, Chandryaan-2, meaning lunar vehicle in Sanskrit, is heading for the unexplored part of the Moon, south pole.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/chandrayaan-2-isro-gears-up-to-launch-second-sojourn-to-the-moon-235692">In pics: Chandrayaan-2 — ISRO gears up to launch second sojourn to the Moon</a></p>

<p>It should arrive at the beginning of September 2019 after a 380,000-kilometre voyage.</p>

<p><strong>Watch: ISRO Chairman K Sivan speaks exclusively to WION</strong></p>

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<p>Once it’s in lunar orbit 100 kilometres above the surface, the spacecraft will send a lander on a controlled descent to the surface.</p>

<p>The lander will then release a six-wheeled solar-powered rover that will cover about 200 metres of lunar territory.</p>

<p>The aim of the fourteen-day mission is to examine the surface, gathering data on minerals and even water in the form of ice.</p>

<p>Eleven years after the Chandrayaan- 1 mission, which placed a probe in orbit around the Moon, India aims to become the fourth country to send a mission to the Moon’s surface after the US, the Soviet Union and China.</p>

<p>But India's ambitions don't stop there; they hope the first manned mission to space will take off before 2022.</p>


India is all set to make history on July 15 with its second Moon mission, Chandrayaan-2. India's most ambitious Moon mission will launch from Sriharikota's space centre in Andhra Pradesh at 2:51 am on July 15.

India is all set to make history on July 15 with its second Moon mission, Chandrayaan-2. India's most ambitious Moon mission will launch from Sriharikota's space centre in Andhra Pradesh at 2:51 am on July 15. It is scheduled to make a landing on the lunar surface by September 6 or 7. Live: Chandrayaan-2 — India's second lunar exploration mission The mission is a giant leap in India's space program. Ahead of the launch here is a quick glimpse of what the mission will be like. Launched from Sriharikota in southern India on a one hundred per cent Indian rocket, Chandryaan-2, meaning lunar vehicle in Sanskrit, is heading for the unexplored part of the Moon, south pole. In pics: Chandrayaan-2 — ISRO gears up to launch second sojourn to the Moon It should arrive at the beginning of September 2019 after a 380,000-kilometre voyage. Watch: ISRO Chairman K Sivan speaks exclusively to WION × Once it’s in lunar orbit 100 kilometres above the surface, the spacecraft will send a lander on a controlled descent to the surface. The lander will then release a six-wheeled solar-powered rover that will cover about 200 metres of lunar territory. The aim of the fourteen-day mission is to examine the surface, gathering data on minerals and even water in the form of ice. Eleven years after the Chandrayaan- 1 mission, which placed a probe in orbit around the Moon, India aims to become the fourth country to send a mission to the Moon’s surface after the US, the Soviet Union and China. But India's ambitions don't stop there; they hope the first manned mission to space will take off before 2022.

Things to know about India's most ambitious Moon mission Chandrayaan-2