Penny Marshall, the endearingly graceless actress with the thick Bronx accent who starred on US&nbsp;television`s 'Laverne &amp; Shirley'&nbsp;before becoming a pioneering film director with hits including 'Big'&nbsp;and 'A League of Their Own,'&nbsp;has died at 75, the New York Daily News reported on Tuesday.

Marshall died of complications of diabetes at her home in California on Monday, the newspaper reported, citing Marshall`s publicist.

Penny Marshall, the endearingly graceless actress with the thick Bronx accent who starred on US television`s 'Laverne & Shirley' before becoming a pioneering film director with hits including 'Big' and 'A League of Their Own,' has died at 75, the New York Daily News reported on Tuesday.

Penny Marshall, the endearingly graceless actress with the thick Bronx accent who starred on US television`s 'Laverne & Shirley' before becoming a pioneering film director with hits including 'Big' and 'A League of Their Own,' has died at 75, the New York Daily News reported on Tuesday. Marshall died of complications of diabetes at her home in California on Monday, the newspaper reported, citing Marshall`s publicist.

Penny Marshall, 'Big' director and TV's 'Laverne,' dead at 75

By: Julia von Oettingen and&nbsp;Rajesh Vedanthan*

Prince, a three-year-old boy, is brought to the emergency room in Monrovia, Liberia, with fever and a decreased level of consciousness. He is critically ill. He is treated for malaria.

Time is the only way to tell if this was the right treatment choice — but time may not be on his side. An astute nurse asks a visiting doctor if she can borrow a blood glucose monitor and nails the diagnosis: Type 1 diabetes, requiring urgent administration of insulin to save the boy's life.

While Prince was lucky to get a correct diagnosis on time, blood glucose monitors are rarely available in resource-limited clinics in sub-Saharan Africa.

Situations like this occur daily in low-resource settings: A sick patient, a clinical suspicion, but no confirmatory testing. As a result, many patients are misdiagnosed, receive unnecessary or harmful treatments, or die.

Thankfully, blood glucose measurement — an important laboratory test — just made it onto the first edition of the WHO Essential Diagnostics List (EDL).

This new list is a great step forward in making the most crucial diagnostic tests available globally.

However, future editions of this list will need to cover an even broader range of tests.

Beyond the 'Big Three'

The WHO EDL, published on May 16, 2018, is a first step towards addressing the "diagnostics desert" that health-care providers and patients alike still face in many resource-limited settings.

WHO and its expert committee carefully put together a priority list of essential "in vitro" (laboratory-based) diagnostics to guide governments and health-care stakeholders on what tests to make available. The aim was to address the highest priority health-care needs.

Like its 40-year-old WHO sibling, the Essential Medicines List, this list promises to have a big impact on the availability of laboratory-based diagnostics globally, and on the quality of health-care delivery and population health.

WHO and its expert committee should be applauded for this essential accomplishment, including the effort to look beyond the traditional "Big Three" infections (TB, HIV and malaria).

While the list still has an obvious focus on infectious diseases, the consideration of essential non-communicable diseases (NCD) diagnostics is timely, if not overdue.

Detecting diabetes and heart disease

Cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, cancer and diabetes have emerged as the most important epidemics of the 21st century.

In an era where such NCDs have surpassed infectious diseases as the major killers globally, it is essential then that international organizations, and specifically the WHO, adapt their policies and guidelines to this reality.

The number of NCD-related diagnostic tests that made it onto the 113-item list establishes an important starting point for the future. For example, making blood glucose measurements a priority will help to improve detection of diabetes among the striking 50 per cent of people in low- and middle-income countries who do not know they have it.

This may give millions the chance of timely treatment and improved long-term outcomes.

A vital blood test for Troponin levels, for example — which helps diagnose a heart attack — can be life-saving. Other laboratory tests (e.g. liver function tests) can help diagnose many NCDs.

An incomplete list

Certainly, this list is not yet complete, but we hope future editions can be. We hope, eventually, to see other essential diagnostics included.

The diagnosis of cancers, such as colon, breast and lung cancers, can be facilitated by tumour markers and pathology diagnostics. Neurologic disorders frequently require cerebrospinal fluid and drug levels. Thyroid function studies help diagnose thyroid dysfunction — one of the most common endocrine disorders.

We also hope to see an eventual expansion of the family of "essentials" to include medical equipment and devices.

These include: Growth charts and blood pressure cuffs at a primary-care level an electrocardiogram, X-ray and ultrasound at a secondary-care level and CT and MRI scanners, lung function tests, surgical devices and fiber-optic scopes at a tertiary-care level.

Affordable and accessible testing

If the EDL is to improve the health of the global population, we will also need to lobby for the five "As" of access: Affordability, availability, accessibility, accommodation and acceptability.

With political guidance, willpower and necessary pressure, public and private entities can work towards affordability of essential diagnostics. We must strengthen national, regional and local health systems — to work out supply chains and laboratory networks that ensure availability and accessibility for a wide public.

We must develop innovative testing strategies that accommodate the needs of remote and vulnerable populations — such as point-of-care tests that can be used by community health workers.

The expansion of the WHO essential list family to include an EDL is a promising start to broadened access to essential diagnostics globally, and to deliver on WHO's goal of Universal Health Coverage.

We need action now — to ensure the list becomes a powerful tool, addressing an ever-broadening spectrum of diseases. This way, every individual can have the chance of a proper diagnosis, treatment and survival.

Julia von Oettingen is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, McGill University and Rajesh Vedanthan and Associate Professor in Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

(Disclaimer: The opinions expressed above are the personal views of the author and do not reflect the views of ZMCL)

(This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-desperate-global-need-for-medical-diagnostics-97531">article</a>.)&nbsp;

Cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, cancer and diabetes have emerged as the most important epidemics of the 21st century

By: Julia von Oettingen and Rajesh Vedanthan* Prince, a three-year-old boy, is brought to the emergency room in Monrovia, Liberia, with fever and a decreased level of consciousness. He is critically ill. He is treated for malaria. Time is the only way to tell if this was the right treatment choice — but time may not be on his side. An astute nurse asks a visiting doctor if she can borrow a blood glucose monitor and nails the diagnosis: Type 1 diabetes, requiring urgent administration of insulin to save the boy's life. While Prince was lucky to get a correct diagnosis on time, blood glucose monitors are rarely available in resource-limited clinics in sub-Saharan Africa. Situations like this occur daily in low-resource settings: A sick patient, a clinical suspicion, but no confirmatory testing. As a result, many patients are misdiagnosed, receive unnecessary or harmful treatments, or die. Thankfully, blood glucose measurement — an important laboratory test — just made it onto the first edition of the WHO Essential Diagnostics List (EDL). This new list is a great step forward in making the most crucial diagnostic tests available globally. However, future editions of this list will need to cover an even broader range of tests. Beyond the 'Big Three' The WHO EDL, published on May 16, 2018, is a first step towards addressing the "diagnostics desert" that health-care providers and patients alike still face in many resource-limited settings. WHO and its expert committee carefully put together a priority list of essential "in vitro" (laboratory-based) diagnostics to guide governments and health-care stakeholders on what tests to make available. The aim was to address the highest priority health-care needs. Like its 40-year-old WHO sibling, the Essential Medicines List, this list promises to have a big impact on the availability of laboratory-based diagnostics globally, and on the quality of health-care delivery and population health. WHO and its expert committee should be applauded for this essential accomplishment, including the effort to look beyond the traditional "Big Three" infections (TB, HIV and malaria). While the list still has an obvious focus on infectious diseases, the consideration of essential non-communicable diseases (NCD) diagnostics is timely, if not overdue. Detecting diabetes and heart disease Cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, cancer and diabetes have emerged as the most important epidemics of the 21st century. In an era where such NCDs have surpassed infectious diseases as the major killers globally, it is essential then that international organizations, and specifically the WHO, adapt their policies and guidelines to this reality. The number of NCD-related diagnostic tests that made it onto the 113-item list establishes an important starting point for the future. For example, making blood glucose measurements a priority will help to improve detection of diabetes among the striking 50 per cent of people in low- and middle-income countries who do not know they have it. This may give millions the chance of timely treatment and improved long-term outcomes. A vital blood test for Troponin levels, for example — which helps diagnose a heart attack — can be life-saving. Other laboratory tests (e.g. liver function tests) can help diagnose many NCDs. An incomplete list Certainly, this list is not yet complete, but we hope future editions can be. We hope, eventually, to see other essential diagnostics included. The diagnosis of cancers, such as colon, breast and lung cancers, can be facilitated by tumour markers and pathology diagnostics. Neurologic disorders frequently require cerebrospinal fluid and drug levels. Thyroid function studies help diagnose thyroid dysfunction — one of the most common endocrine disorders. We also hope to see an eventual expansion of the family of "essentials" to include medical equipment and devices. These include: Growth charts and blood pressure cuffs at a primary-care level an electrocardiogram, X-ray and ultrasound at a secondary-care level and CT and MRI scanners, lung function tests, surgical devices and fiber-optic scopes at a tertiary-care level. Affordable and accessible testing If the EDL is to improve the health of the global population, we will also need to lobby for the five "As" of access: Affordability, availability, accessibility, accommodation and acceptability. With political guidance, willpower and necessary pressure, public and private entities can work towards affordability of essential diagnostics. We must strengthen national, regional and local health systems — to work out supply chains and laboratory networks that ensure availability and accessibility for a wide public. We must develop innovative testing strategies that accommodate the needs of remote and vulnerable populations — such as point-of-care tests that can be used by community health workers. The expansion of the WHO essential list family to include an EDL is a promising start to broadened access to essential diagnostics globally, and to deliver on WHO's goal of Universal Health Coverage. We need action now — to ensure the list becomes a powerful tool, addressing an ever-broadening spectrum of diseases. This way, every individual can have the chance of a proper diagnosis, treatment and survival. Julia von Oettingen is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, McGill University and Rajesh Vedanthan and Associate Professor in Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. (Disclaimer: The opinions expressed above are the personal views of the author and do not reflect the views of ZMCL) (This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.)

Opinion: The desperate global need for medical diagnostics

Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said Thursday that hew as being treated for "kidney-related problems" and that he was working from a "controlled environment at home".&nbsp

"I am being treated for kidney related problems & certain infections that I have contracted. I am therefore currently working from controlled environment at home," he tweeted.&nbsp

"The future course of my treatment would be determined by the doctors treating me," he added.&nbsp

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I am being treated for kidney related problems & certain infections that I have contracted. I am therefore currently working from controlled environment at home. The future course of my treatment would be determined by the doctors treating me.
— Arun Jaitley (@arunjaitley) <a href="https://twitter.com/arunjaitley/status/981897254964486144?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 5, 2018</a></blockquote>
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Government officials said Thursday that Jaitley had <a href="http://www.wionews.com/india-news/finance-minister-arun-jaitley-unwell-cancels-foreign-travel-128454?first_load=no">cancelled</a> a visit to London next week for annual economic talks.

Jaitley, 65, was due to meet Britain's finance minister Philip Hammond at the India-UK economic dialogue and deliver a talk on "Looking Ahead to 2022: India's Global Vision" at Chatham House, a policy think tank.

The organisers of the talk said the programme had been cancelled, without giving a reason.

"He will not visit London next week as he is not keeping well," one of the Indian officials said.

Jaitley skipped a meeting of finance ministers from the Group of 20 countries in Argentina last month. He told Reuters at the time he was not in a position to take a long flight.

In 2014 he had a gastric bypass operation to keep his diabetes in check.&nbsp

Jaitley went to Delhi's All India Institute of Medical Sciences for tests related to a kidney ailment, officials at the Finance Ministry and at the medical facility said.

A medical report is due on Friday, one of the Finance Ministry officials said. They declined to be named because of the sensitivity of the matter and the Finance Ministry did not make any formal comment on the minister's health.&nbsp

(With inputs from Reuters) 
&nbsp

'The future course of my treatment would be determined by the doctors treating me,' he added

Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said Thursday that hew as being treated for "kidney-related problems" and that he was working from a "controlled environment at home". "I am being treated for kidney related problems & certain infections that I have contracted. I am therefore currently working from controlled environment at home," he tweeted. "The future course of my treatment would be determined by the doctors treating me," he added. I am being treated for kidney related problems & certain infections that I have contracted. I am therefore currently working from controlled environment at home. The future course of my treatment would be determined by the doctors treating me. — Arun Jaitley (@arunjaitley) April 5, 2018 × Government officials said Thursday that Jaitley had cancelled a visit to London next week for annual economic talks. Jaitley, 65, was due to meet Britain's finance minister Philip Hammond at the India-UK economic dialogue and deliver a talk on "Looking Ahead to 2022: India's Global Vision" at Chatham House, a policy think tank. The organisers of the talk said the programme had been cancelled, without giving a reason. "He will not visit London next week as he is not keeping well," one of the Indian officials said. Jaitley skipped a meeting of finance ministers from the Group of 20 countries in Argentina last month. He told Reuters at the time he was not in a position to take a long flight. In 2014 he had a gastric bypass operation to keep his diabetes in check. Jaitley went to Delhi's All India Institute of Medical Sciences for tests related to a kidney ailment, officials at the Finance Ministry and at the medical facility said. A medical report is due on Friday, one of the Finance Ministry officials said. They declined to be named because of the sensitivity of the matter and the Finance Ministry did not make any formal comment on the minister's health. (With inputs from Reuters)

Being treated for kidney-related problems, working from controlled environment at home: Arun Jaitley

Researchers have found that people who use mouthwash regularly may have an increased risk of developing diabetes.

Researchers at the Harvard University in US, including one of Indian origin, found that rinsing with mouth wash -- which contains anti-bacterial fluid -- could kill helpful microbes which live in the mouth and protect against obesity and diabetes.

Helpful bacteria in the mouth can protect against diabetes and obesity, said Kaumudi Joshipura, professor at Harvard School of Public Health.

The microbes in the mouth help the body produce nitric oxide, which regulates insulin levels.

Nitric oxide is also important for regulating the metabolism, balancing energy and keeping blood sugar levels in check.&nbsp;

&quot;Most of these antibacterial ingredients in mouthwash are not selective,&quot; Kaumudi Joshipura was quoted as saying by The Telegraph.

&quot;In other words, they do not target specific oral bacteria - instead, these ingredients can act on a broad range of bacteria,&quot; Joshipura told The Telegraph.

Researchers found that people who used mouthwash twice a day were around 55 per cent more likely to develop diabetes or dangerously elevated sugar levels, within three years.

The study had a sample size of 1,206 overweight people between 40 and 65 years of age who were at a risk of getting diabetes.

Around 17 per cent of people developed diabetes or pre-diabetes over the study period. The risk increased to 20 per cent for those using mouthwash once a day, and 30 per cent for those who used it in the morning and evening.

The study was published in the journal &quot;Nitric Oxide&quot;.

Rinsing with mouth wash -- which contains anti-bacterial fluid -- could kill helpful microbes which live in the mouth and protect against obesity and diabetes, research suggests

Researchers have found that people who use mouthwash regularly may have an increased risk of developing diabetes. Researchers at the Harvard University in US, including one of Indian origin, found that rinsing with mouth wash -- which contains anti-bacterial fluid -- could kill helpful microbes which live in the mouth and protect against obesity and diabetes. Helpful bacteria in the mouth can protect against diabetes and obesity, said Kaumudi Joshipura, professor at Harvard School of Public Health. The microbes in the mouth help the body produce nitric oxide, which regulates insulin levels. Nitric oxide is also important for regulating the metabolism, balancing energy and keeping blood sugar levels in check. "Most of these antibacterial ingredients in mouthwash are not selective," Kaumudi Joshipura was quoted as saying by The Telegraph. "In other words, they do not target specific oral bacteria - instead, these ingredients can act on a broad range of bacteria," Joshipura told The Telegraph. Researchers found that people who used mouthwash twice a day were around 55 per cent more likely to develop diabetes or dangerously elevated sugar levels, within three years. The study had a sample size of 1,206 overweight people between 40 and 65 years of age who were at a risk of getting diabetes. Around 17 per cent of people developed diabetes or pre-diabetes over the study period. The risk increased to 20 per cent for those using mouthwash once a day, and 30 per cent for those who used it in the morning and evening. The study was published in the journal "Nitric Oxide".

Mouthwash may increase risk of diabetes: Harvard study

World Diabetes Day is marked on November 14 each year.

The day aims to spread awareness about the medical condition -- once found largely only in older people but now becoming more common in the younger generations.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Each November, communities across the country observe the day to focus attention on diabetes and its impact on millions of people around the world.

Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.

Earlier considered to be only found in older people, diabetes is becoming common in the younger generation; According to a 2015 study by Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, in India 97,700 children were suffering from Type 1 Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes, also called juvenile diabetes. type 1 is opposite of&nbsp;the form of diabetes that affects adults. Juvenile diabetes has no cure but can be controlled by taking four injections a day of insulin drug to maintain blood sugar levels. Tablets have absolutely no effect on this form of diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is much harder to identify at an early age as they start with very common symptoms like a child will drink a lot of liquids, urinate several times, eat much more than normal and still lose weight.

If these symptoms in a child of any age witnessed for more than four days should prompt a visit to a pediatrician.

Despite taking daily injections if the disease diagnoses quickly Children do well. on the other hand, if not treated appropriately it could go worse and may result in loss of life.

One of the many misconceptions about type 1 diabetes is that keeping the child totally off sweets, rice, and potatoes; parents should not do that.&nbsp;Starving your child to control diabetes does not work, as a child needs nutritious food to grow.

Another myth about diabetes among parents is that they start to keep their child away from physical activities instead, they should encourage their child to go out more and do regular exercise and should participate in sports activities.

This has been seen that in&nbsp;some cases, the child sometimes goes into depression because of diabetes so parents need to take care of that. Not only your child&#39;s physical health is important but parents should also focus on the child&rsquo;s emotional, mental and social well-being. 
&nbsp;

World Diabetes Day is marked each year on November 14

World Diabetes Day is marked on November 14 each year. The day aims to spread awareness about the medical condition -- once found largely only in older people but now becoming more common in the younger generations. Each November, communities across the country observe the day to focus attention on diabetes and its impact on millions of people around the world. Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. Earlier considered to be only found in older people, diabetes is becoming common in the younger generation; According to a 2015 study by Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, in India 97,700 children were suffering from Type 1 Diabetes. Type 1 diabetes, also called juvenile diabetes. type 1 is opposite of the form of diabetes that affects adults. Juvenile diabetes has no cure but can be controlled by taking four injections a day of insulin drug to maintain blood sugar levels. Tablets have absolutely no effect on this form of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is much harder to identify at an early age as they start with very common symptoms like a child will drink a lot of liquids, urinate several times, eat much more than normal and still lose weight. If these symptoms in a child of any age witnessed for more than four days should prompt a visit to a pediatrician. Despite taking daily injections if the disease diagnoses quickly Children do well. on the other hand, if not treated appropriately it could go worse and may result in loss of life. One of the many misconceptions about type 1 diabetes is that keeping the child totally off sweets, rice, and potatoes; parents should not do that. Starving your child to control diabetes does not work, as a child needs nutritious food to grow. Another myth about diabetes among parents is that they start to keep their child away from physical activities instead, they should encourage their child to go out more and do regular exercise and should participate in sports activities. This has been seen that in some cases, the child sometimes goes into depression because of diabetes so parents need to take care of that. Not only your child's physical health is important but parents should also focus on the child’s emotional, mental and social well-being.

World Diabetes day: Common myths about type 1 diabetes, commonly found in children

Kashmir residents said today they are facing shortages of prescription drugs, as parts of the region remained under curfew for an 11th day following deadly clashes between protesters and security forces. 
 
As the overall death toll from days of violence rose to 45, shopkeepers warned supplies were running low because trucks were unable to reach them, while residents complained of being &quot;caged&quot; in their homes. 
 
&quot;People are suffering without medicines. A lot of people are struggling for medicines for diabetes, hypertension and anti-depressants,&quot; said Nazir Ahmed who owns a pharmacy in the old part of the main city of Srinagar. 
 
With most vehicles ordered off the roads under the curfew, Ahmed said he walked five kilometres to a warehouse to buy medicines. 
 
&quot;No fresh supplies are coming from outside. This will last two to three days for my neighbourhood,&quot; Ahmed said, carrying plastic bags full of medicines. 
 
Shops and other businesses have been shuttered under the curfew which the government says is needed to curb the street clashes that erupted after the death of a Hizbul Mujahideen commander on July 8. 
 
Burhan Wani, killed during a gunbattle with government forces, was commander of the region&#39;s biggest separatist group Hizbul Mujahideen, listed as a terror group by India, United States and the European Union among others, one of several fighting for decades against Indian troops deployed in the territory. 
 
The clashes are the deadliest in Muslim-majority Kashmir since 2010 when massive demonstrations were held against Indian rule. 
 
Kashmir has been divided between rivals India and Pakistan since independence in 1947, but both claim the Himalayan territory in full. 
 
In the latest violence two protesters were killed late Monday when soldiers opened fire on stone-throwing demonstrators in the south. 
 
The army said in a statement troops were forced to shoot when a &quot;large mob turned violent&quot; and &quot;attempted to snatch weapons from the soldiers&quot;, adding that the deaths were regretted. 
 
In parts of Srinagar today, residents kept watch for volunteers from local charities delivering supplies including food on foot. 
 
An elderly woman suffering from hypertension and a heart condition said she hoped they would bring medicines soon. 
 
&quot;I don&#39;t have my medicines. Some volunteers came, but they did not have the medicines I need,&quot; Noora, 80, who uses one name, said from her doorstep. 
 
&quot;We are just caged inside our home,&quot; her son, Ghulam Nabi Ahangar, added. 
 
Ahangar said security forces were firing tear gas and pepper spray at night to deter people from venturing outside. 
 
&quot;The poisonous gases stay inside our home and lungs the whole night. Our children are falling sick and cannot sleep,&quot; Ahangar told AFP. 
 
Some pharmacies outside hospitals are open but few residents can reach them, while internet and phone services remain patchy. 
 
&quot;Patients who have not been able to reach hospitals will come in large numbers once the curfew is lifted. It will be another huge emergency,&quot; said Kaisar Ahmed, head of Sri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital and six other government hospitals in Srinagar. 
 
(AFP)

Shopkeepers warned supplies were running low as trucks were unable to reach them. Residents complained of being 'caged' in their homes

Kashmir residents said today they are facing shortages of prescription drugs, as parts of the region remained under curfew for an 11th day following deadly clashes between protesters and security forces. As the overall death toll from days of violence rose to 45, shopkeepers warned supplies were running low because trucks were unable to reach them, while residents complained of being "caged" in their homes. "People are suffering without medicines. A lot of people are struggling for medicines for diabetes, hypertension and anti-depressants," said Nazir Ahmed who owns a pharmacy in the old part of the main city of Srinagar. With most vehicles ordered off the roads under the curfew, Ahmed said he walked five kilometres to a warehouse to buy medicines. "No fresh supplies are coming from outside. This will last two to three days for my neighbourhood," Ahmed said, carrying plastic bags full of medicines. Shops and other businesses have been shuttered under the curfew which the government says is needed to curb the street clashes that erupted after the death of a Hizbul Mujahideen commander on July 8. Burhan Wani, killed during a gunbattle with government forces, was commander of the region's biggest separatist group Hizbul Mujahideen, listed as a terror group by India, United States and the European Union among others, one of several fighting for decades against Indian troops deployed in the territory. The clashes are the deadliest in Muslim-majority Kashmir since 2010 when massive demonstrations were held against Indian rule. Kashmir has been divided between rivals India and Pakistan since independence in 1947, but both claim the Himalayan territory in full. In the latest violence two protesters were killed late Monday when soldiers opened fire on stone-throwing demonstrators in the south. The army said in a statement troops were forced to shoot when a "large mob turned violent" and "attempted to snatch weapons from the soldiers", adding that the deaths were regretted. In parts of Srinagar today, residents kept watch for volunteers from local charities delivering supplies including food on foot. An elderly woman suffering from hypertension and a heart condition said she hoped they would bring medicines soon. "I don't have my medicines. Some volunteers came, but they did not have the medicines I need," Noora, 80, who uses one name, said from her doorstep. "We are just caged inside our home," her son, Ghulam Nabi Ahangar, added. Ahangar said security forces were firing tear gas and pepper spray at night to deter people from venturing outside. "The poisonous gases stay inside our home and lungs the whole night. Our children are falling sick and cannot sleep," Ahangar told AFP. Some pharmacies outside hospitals are open but few residents can reach them, while internet and phone services remain patchy. "Patients who have not been able to reach hospitals will come in large numbers once the curfew is lifted. It will be another huge emergency," said Kaisar Ahmed, head of Sri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital and six other government hospitals in Srinagar. (AFP)

Kashmir unrest: Residents under curfew face medicine shortage

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