Could Viagra, the widely used drug for erectile dysfunction, become part of the fight against cancer?

A new study suggests that sildenafil, commonly known by its brand name Viagra, may help slow the spread of cancer by limiting the ability of cancer cells to use cholesterol—an essential component that helps them migrate and form new tumors.

Researchers say the drug's anti-metastatic effects could become even stronger when combined with statins, which reduce cholesterol production. The findings, published in the journal Cancer Research, also indicate that patients taking sildenafil showed improved survival rates.

While the research is promising, scientists emphasize that more clinical studies are needed before Viagra can be recommended as a cancer treatment.

Viagra May Help Fight Cancer Spread? Scientists Discover Promising New Use for Sildenafil

A promising new drug is raising hopes for bladder cancer patients by potentially reducing the need for life-changing surgery. Researchers say the treatment could mark a significant step forward in cancer care, offering patients an alternative approach while improving quality of life.

Could this breakthrough transform the future of bladder cancer treatment? Here's what the latest findings reveal.

:ngame-changer for Bladder Cancer Patients?

In the world of chronic life-threatening diseases, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), up to 50 per cent of cancers can be treated successfully. Rest are designated as incurable ones.&nbsp;

But a recent experimental study done on 16 cancer patients by a California-based Pact Pharma may have given a silver lining as far as the treatment of incurable cancer is concerned. This small clinical trial has shown that researchers can use Nobel Prize-winning CRISPR gene editing technology&nbsp;to alter immune cells so that they will recognise proteins attached to a person’s tumorous cells,&nbsp;to get rid of them successfully. These&nbsp;cells can then be safely set loose in the body to find and destroy their targeted tumourous developments in the body.&nbsp;

In the study, people with untreatable cancers had their immune systems redesigned to attack their own tumours. The results have been called a "leap forward" and a "powerful" demonstration of the potential of such technology.&nbsp;

The experiment involved individual-specific treatment

Each patient had a treatment developed just for them, which targeted the specific weak spots in their tumour.&nbsp;

However, the treatment has been deemed 'expensive and time-consuming'.&nbsp;

The treatment involves boosted levels of T-cells

The work focuses on parts of the human immune system called T-cells. They may be understood as the soldiers that remain always on guard to combat the pathogens or disease-causing particles present in the body.&nbsp;

Often, cancers can be tricky for the T-cells to spot and hunt down because they are the body's own corrupted cells, not alien cells or particles from outside.&nbsp;

The therapy experimented upon 16 cancer patients boosted the level of these cancer-spotting T-cells. They were tailored to each patient since each cancerous development of body cells is different from one another.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/report-more-accurate-test-for-cervical-cancer-developed-by-scientists-in-uk-austria-526789">More accurate test for cervical cancer developed by scientists in UK, Austria</a>

The researchers edited the genetic composition of these T-cells by using the gene-editing technology CRISPR. After putting these edited T-cells into the patient, the tumourous cells were hunted down by the body's own T-cells, a landmark development in itself.

The trial involved people with colon, breast or lung cancers that had failed to respond to other treatments.

The study was designed to test the safety and feasibility of the technology and showed the modified cells were finding their way into the tumour.

The disease continued to get worse in 11 patients but stabilised in the other five. However, it will take larger studies to work out the correct dose and how effective it really is.

WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-medical-miracle-clinical-trial-manages-to-free-14-patients-of-cancer-486370">Gravitas: Medical miracle: Clinical trial manages to free 14 patients of cancer</a>

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"This is a leap forward in developing a personalised treatment for cancer," said Dr Antoni Ribas, one of the researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, who tested the approach.

The results of the study were presented at a meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer and published simultaneously in the journal 'Nature'.&nbsp;

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In the world of chronic life-threatening diseases, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), up to 50 per cent of cancers can be treated successfully.

In the world of chronic life-threatening diseases, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), up to 50 per cent of cancers can be treated successfully. Rest are designated as incurable ones. But a recent experimental study done on 16 cancer patients by a California-based Pact Pharma may have given a silver lining as far as the treatment of incurable cancer is concerned. This small clinical trial has shown that researchers can use Nobel Prize-winning CRISPR gene editing technology to alter immune cells so that they will recognise proteins attached to a person’s tumorous cells, to get rid of them successfully. These cells can then be safely set loose in the body to find and destroy their targeted tumourous developments in the body. In the study, people with untreatable cancers had their immune systems redesigned to attack their own tumours. The results have been called a "leap forward" and a "powerful" demonstration of the potential of such technology. The experiment involved individual-specific treatment Each patient had a treatment developed just for them, which targeted the specific weak spots in their tumour. However, the treatment has been deemed 'expensive and time-consuming'. The treatment involves boosted levels of T-cells The work focuses on parts of the human immune system called T-cells. They may be understood as the soldiers that remain always on guard to combat the pathogens or disease-causing particles present in the body. Often, cancers can be tricky for the T-cells to spot and hunt down because they are the body's own corrupted cells, not alien cells or particles from outside. The therapy experimented upon 16 cancer patients boosted the level of these cancer-spotting T-cells. They were tailored to each patient since each cancerous development of body cells is different from one another. ALSO READ | More accurate test for cervical cancer developed by scientists in UK, Austria The researchers edited the genetic composition of these T-cells by using the gene-editing technology CRISPR. After putting these edited T-cells into the patient, the tumourous cells were hunted down by the body's own T-cells, a landmark development in itself. The trial involved people with colon, breast or lung cancers that had failed to respond to other treatments. The study was designed to test the safety and feasibility of the technology and showed the modified cells were finding their way into the tumour. The disease continued to get worse in 11 patients but stabilised in the other five. However, it will take larger studies to work out the correct dose and how effective it really is. WATCH | Gravitas: Medical miracle: Clinical trial manages to free 14 patients of cancer × "This is a leap forward in developing a personalised treatment for cancer," said Dr Antoni Ribas, one of the researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, who tested the approach. The results of the study were presented at a meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer and published simultaneously in the journal 'Nature'. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Personalised treatments pave way for 'leap forward' in curing cancer

Researchers have discovered a new treatment for advanced melanoma during the Phase 3 clinical trial. They claim that it is far more effective than the existing leading therapy for metastatic melanoma.

The scientists at the Netherlands Cancer Institute said that the new treatment uses a patient’s own immune cells to fight cancer, and added that its therapy is similar to another type of treatment that has proven to be highly effective for blood cancers, called CAR-T therapy.

Under CAR-T therapy, patients’ T-cells are harvested and modified in the lab into cancer fighters. These modified cells are then infused back into the patient.

Similarly in the melanoma trial, the researchers used an approach called TIL therapy, which involves harvesting a patient’s immune cells—tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, which are taken from the tumour.

But instead of modifying these tumour cells in the lab like the CAR-T therapy, they’re simply amplified to produce billions of immune cells.

Those amplified immune cells are then injected back into the patient’s blood, where they work to kill the cancer.

Dr John Haanen, a medical oncologist at the Netherlands Cancer Institute, who led the new clinical trial, told NBC News, “We expand them from a million cells to several billion cells.”

The results of the trial were presented at the ESMO Congress 2022 meeting in Paris on Saturday.

To base their hypothesis, the doctors conducted a random trail and assigned 168 patients with metastatic melanoma to receive either TIL treatment or the current standard treatment—an&nbsp;immunotherapy drug&nbsp;called ipilimumab.

Ipilimumab treatment is used in people who don’t respond to a first-line treatment called anti-PD-1 therapy. Notably, all of the patients in the trial had not responded to that treatment.

After observing for three years, the scientists found that people on TIL therapy had a 50% reduction in disease progression and death compared to those who were treated with ipilimumab.&nbsp;

20 per cent of people on TIL therapy saw their tumours disappear completely, compared to 7 per cent in the ipilimumab group.

Though they are still being observed, the median survival time of cancer patients who received TIL therapy was found to be over two years, compared to just over 1.5 years on ipilimumab therapy, researchers found.

(With inputs from agencies)

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&nbsp;

Researchers have discovered a new treatment for advanced melanoma during the Phase 3 clinical trial. They claim that it is far more effective than the existing leading therapy for metastatic melanoma.

Researchers have discovered a new treatment for advanced melanoma during the Phase 3 clinical trial. They claim that it is far more effective than the existing leading therapy for metastatic melanoma. The scientists at the Netherlands Cancer Institute said that the new treatment uses a patient’s own immune cells to fight cancer, and added that its therapy is similar to another type of treatment that has proven to be highly effective for blood cancers, called CAR-T therapy. Under CAR-T therapy, patients’ T-cells are harvested and modified in the lab into cancer fighters. These modified cells are then infused back into the patient. Similarly in the melanoma trial, the researchers used an approach called TIL therapy, which involves harvesting a patient’s immune cells—tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, which are taken from the tumour. But instead of modifying these tumour cells in the lab like the CAR-T therapy, they’re simply amplified to produce billions of immune cells. Those amplified immune cells are then injected back into the patient’s blood, where they work to kill the cancer. Dr John Haanen, a medical oncologist at the Netherlands Cancer Institute, who led the new clinical trial, told NBC News, “We expand them from a million cells to several billion cells.” The results of the trial were presented at the ESMO Congress 2022 meeting in Paris on Saturday. To base their hypothesis, the doctors conducted a random trail and assigned 168 patients with metastatic melanoma to receive either TIL treatment or the current standard treatment—an immunotherapy drug called ipilimumab. Ipilimumab treatment is used in people who don’t respond to a first-line treatment called anti-PD-1 therapy. Notably, all of the patients in the trial had not responded to that treatment. After observing for three years, the scientists found that people on TIL therapy had a 50% reduction in disease progression and death compared to those who were treated with ipilimumab. 20 per cent of people on TIL therapy saw their tumours disappear completely, compared to 7 per cent in the ipilimumab group. Though they are still being observed, the median survival time of cancer patients who received TIL therapy was found to be over two years, compared to just over 1.5 years on ipilimumab therapy, researchers found. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Scientists find novel cell based therapy to treat metastatic melanoma

The world is bringing in new solutions and treatments for deadly diseases every day and Cancer, undoubtedly, is one of the deadliest diseases.&nbsp;

Scientists at UCL have created a breakthrough cancer therapy that guides magnetic seeds inside the brain to heat up and destroy tumours using an MRI scanner.

The study has been published in the journal 'Advanced Science`'

This therapy, which was shown to work in mice, is called "minimally invasive image-guided ablation" or MINIMA. It includes a ferromagnetic thermoseed that is navigated to a tumour using magnetic propulsion gradients generated by an MRI scanner, before being heated remotely to kill cancer cells nearby.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/how-life-began-study-explains-how-a-moon-helps-create-life-on-a-planet-450068" hreflang="en">'How life began': Study explains how a moon helps create life on a planet</a>

The findings are a "proof-of-concept" for precise and effective treatment of hard-to-reach cancers such as glioblastoma, along with other cancers such as prostate that would benefit from less invasive treatment.

Senior author, Professor Mark Lythgoe (UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging) said: "MINIMA is a new MRI-guided therapy that has the potential to avoid traditional side effects by precisely treating the tumour without harming healthy tissues. Because the heating seed is magnetic, the magnetic fields in the MRI scanner can be used to remotely steer the seed through tissue to the tumour. Once at the tumour, the seed can then be heated, destroying the cancer cells, while causing limited damage to surrounding healthy tissues."

In their study, the UCL team demonstrated the three key elements of MINIMA to a high degree of accuracy: precise seed imaging; navigation of brain tissue using a tailored MRI system; and eradication of a tumour by heating it in a mouse model.

Magnetic thermoseeds are round with a diameter of 2 millimeters; made of metal alloy, and are implanted superficially before they are navigated to the tumour.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/extreme-heating-in-oceans-becoming-new-normal-as-it-passed-point-of-no-return-years-ago-449872" hreflang="en">Extreme heating in oceans becoming 'new normal' as it 'passed point of no return' years ago</a>

Lead author, Rebecca Baker, (UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging) said: "Using an MRI scanner to deliver a therapy in this way allows the therapeutic seed and the tumour to be imaged throughout the procedure, ensuring the treatment is delivered with precision and without having to perform open surgery. This could be beneficial to patients by reducing recovery times and minimising the chance of side effects."

Around the world, MRI scanners are commonly available in hospitals for the diagnosis of diseases like cancer. Researchers at UCL demonstrated that MINIMA has the potential to elevate MRI scanners from diagnostic devices to therapeutic platforms.

Professor Lythgoe added: "We are now able to image and navigate a thermoseed in real-time through the brain using an MRI scanner. As MRI is already used to detect the boundaries of cancers, the seed can be moved precisely to ensure it does not stray into surrounding healthy tissue. As the seed is guided through the tissue it can be heated to destroy the cancer. This combines therapy and diagnosis into a single device, creating a completely new class of imaging therapy."

Watch |&nbsp;Taiwanese company finds innovative way to deal with medical waste

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Co-author Dr Lewis Thorne, a consultant neurosurgeon at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, said: "I treat patients with the most common form of brain cancer, glioblastoma. Following surgery, the average survival time is 12-18 months. MINIMA can successfully destroy cancer in a mouse and has the potential to extend survival and limit damage to adjacent brain tissues in patients."

Professor Mark Emberton (UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science), lead cancer clinician in the study, said: "Improving the precision of our cancer treatments is arguably one of the greatest unmet needs we have today."

Prostate cancer is diagnosed in one out of eight men. Incontinence and impotence are two of the debilitating side effects commonly associated with treatments such as radiotherapy and surgery.

By targeting and destroying prostate tumour tissue precisely, MINIMA may reduce damage to normal cells.

"In the longer term", Professor Lythgoe added, "we will change the shape of the seed to act as a tiny cutting scalpel that could be guided through tissue, which would allow surgeons to perform remotely controlled operations, revolutionising non-invasive surgery."&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The world is bringing in new solutions and treatments for deadly diseases every day and Cancer, undoubtedly, is one of the deadliest diseases. Scientists at UCL have created a breakthrough cancer therapy that guides magnetic seeds inside the brain to heat up and destroy tumours using an MRI scanner.

The world is bringing in new solutions and treatments for deadly diseases every day and Cancer, undoubtedly, is one of the deadliest diseases. Scientists at UCL have created a breakthrough cancer therapy that guides magnetic seeds inside the brain to heat up and destroy tumours using an MRI scanner. The study has been published in the journal 'Advanced Science`' This therapy, which was shown to work in mice, is called "minimally invasive image-guided ablation" or MINIMA. It includes a ferromagnetic thermoseed that is navigated to a tumour using magnetic propulsion gradients generated by an MRI scanner, before being heated remotely to kill cancer cells nearby. Also read | 'How life began': Study explains how a moon helps create life on a planet The findings are a "proof-of-concept" for precise and effective treatment of hard-to-reach cancers such as glioblastoma, along with other cancers such as prostate that would benefit from less invasive treatment. Senior author, Professor Mark Lythgoe (UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging) said: "MINIMA is a new MRI-guided therapy that has the potential to avoid traditional side effects by precisely treating the tumour without harming healthy tissues. Because the heating seed is magnetic, the magnetic fields in the MRI scanner can be used to remotely steer the seed through tissue to the tumour. Once at the tumour, the seed can then be heated, destroying the cancer cells, while causing limited damage to surrounding healthy tissues." In their study, the UCL team demonstrated the three key elements of MINIMA to a high degree of accuracy: precise seed imaging; navigation of brain tissue using a tailored MRI system; and eradication of a tumour by heating it in a mouse model. Magnetic thermoseeds are round with a diameter of 2 millimeters; made of metal alloy, and are implanted superficially before they are navigated to the tumour. Also read | Extreme heating in oceans becoming 'new normal' as it 'passed point of no return' years ago Lead author, Rebecca Baker, (UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging) said: "Using an MRI scanner to deliver a therapy in this way allows the therapeutic seed and the tumour to be imaged throughout the procedure, ensuring the treatment is delivered with precision and without having to perform open surgery. This could be beneficial to patients by reducing recovery times and minimising the chance of side effects." Around the world, MRI scanners are commonly available in hospitals for the diagnosis of diseases like cancer. Researchers at UCL demonstrated that MINIMA has the potential to elevate MRI scanners from diagnostic devices to therapeutic platforms. Professor Lythgoe added: "We are now able to image and navigate a thermoseed in real-time through the brain using an MRI scanner. As MRI is already used to detect the boundaries of cancers, the seed can be moved precisely to ensure it does not stray into surrounding healthy tissue. As the seed is guided through the tissue it can be heated to destroy the cancer. This combines therapy and diagnosis into a single device, creating a completely new class of imaging therapy." Watch | Taiwanese company finds innovative way to deal with medical waste Co-author Dr Lewis Thorne, a consultant neurosurgeon at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, said: "I treat patients with the most common form of brain cancer, glioblastoma. Following surgery, the average survival time is 12-18 months. MINIMA can successfully destroy cancer in a mouse and has the potential to extend survival and limit damage to adjacent brain tissues in patients." Professor Mark Emberton (UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science), lead cancer clinician in the study, said: "Improving the precision of our cancer treatments is arguably one of the greatest unmet needs we have today." Prostate cancer is diagnosed in one out of eight men. Incontinence and impotence are two of the debilitating side effects commonly associated with treatments such as radiotherapy and surgery. By targeting and destroying prostate tumour tissue precisely, MINIMA may reduce damage to normal cells. "In the longer term", Professor Lythgoe added, "we will change the shape of the seed to act as a tiny cutting scalpel that could be guided through tissue, which would allow surgeons to perform remotely controlled operations, revolutionising non-invasive surgery." (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists discover a way to target and destroy cancer cells: Here's how the ground-breaking therapy works

Scientists discover a way to target & destroy cancer cells: Here's how the ground-breaking therapy works

A new therapy is showing positive results in the US, but children in India suffering from blood cancer may not be able to access it anytime soon, Frances Milnes, Market Access Head of multi-national pharma giant Novartis, shared this information.

Introduced last month in the US, Chimeric Anitigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a last resort for children suffering B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), a type of blood cancer.

In India, over the last 20 years, number of children affected by ALL has doubled and the number stands at an estimated 25,000 children diagnosed with ALL every year. It will be tough to bring the CAR-T therapy to India because the cost of the therapy is eye-watering.

The one-time therapy costs Rs 3.8 crore or US$4,75,000 and Novartis has no plans to make it accessible to India in near future.

It is the first-ever FDA approved cell therapy and it shows high rates of remission. Over 80% of pediatric patients who were treated got cured. &quot;Most children have stem-cell transplants and are cured but it relapses in some children, and in most children with relapse the CAR-T therapy works and it is really the last chance for them,&quot; said Milnes. Currently, the therapy is available in only a few accredited hospitals in the US to patients who are insured.

&quot;We are not looking at India as a market at the moment because of affordability issues. Also, it is too early to say anything. We are now moving towards introducing it in Europe first,&quot; said Milnes.

Cell therapy is a novel approach to fight tough cancers. Kymriah, first such drug developed by Novartis, earlier this year for treatment of blood cancer when other treatments fail is showing hope.It involves extracting and genetically modifying millions of patient&#39;s T-cells to destroy malignant cancers.

Milnes said that it took an immensely long time for the process of research and formulation of the therapy. &quot;We remove cells from the patient and take them to a processing plant. After about 21 days, the cells are ready to be reintroduced in the patients. The process is to modify the cells and scale them up to make sure there are enough cells to put back in the body, so they can go and fight the cancer,&quot; said Milnes.

&quot;It is an exciting therapy. It is one of a kind and helps give patients another shot at life. However it is too expensive for Indians to afford and we are hoping that Indians can access it in India sooner,&quot; said Dr Sameer Kaul, Surgical Oncologist at Indraprastha Apollo Hospital in New Delhi.

Millnes said that the patient will only get charged by the pharma company if they have responded to the therapy by the end of the first month. &quot;This is outcomes based contracting or pricing and you do not pay if the therapy fails to work on you,&quot; Milnes stated.

Top scientific journal Nature reported that remission in patients lasted a median six months and most patients remained in remission for up to 21 months from the time they were administered the therapy. Remission suggests lessening or disappearance of symptoms of the disease. In the US, Novartis is looking at fighting new indications, like adult cancers with CAR-T now and trials are underway.

Introduced last month in the US, Chimeric Anitigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a last resort for children suffering B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a type of blood cancer

A new therapy is showing positive results in the US, but children in India suffering from blood cancer may not be able to access it anytime soon, Frances Milnes, Market Access Head of multi-national pharma giant Novartis, shared this information. Introduced last month in the US, Chimeric Anitigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a last resort for children suffering B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), a type of blood cancer. In India, over the last 20 years, number of children affected by ALL has doubled and the number stands at an estimated 25,000 children diagnosed with ALL every year. It will be tough to bring the CAR-T therapy to India because the cost of the therapy is eye-watering. The one-time therapy costs Rs 3.8 crore or US$4,75,000 and Novartis has no plans to make it accessible to India in near future. It is the first-ever FDA approved cell therapy and it shows high rates of remission. Over 80% of pediatric patients who were treated got cured. "Most children have stem-cell transplants and are cured but it relapses in some children, and in most children with relapse the CAR-T therapy works and it is really the last chance for them," said Milnes. Currently, the therapy is available in only a few accredited hospitals in the US to patients who are insured. "We are not looking at India as a market at the moment because of affordability issues. Also, it is too early to say anything. We are now moving towards introducing it in Europe first," said Milnes. Cell therapy is a novel approach to fight tough cancers. Kymriah, first such drug developed by Novartis, earlier this year for treatment of blood cancer when other treatments fail is showing hope.It involves extracting and genetically modifying millions of patient's T-cells to destroy malignant cancers. Milnes said that it took an immensely long time for the process of research and formulation of the therapy. "We remove cells from the patient and take them to a processing plant. After about 21 days, the cells are ready to be reintroduced in the patients. The process is to modify the cells and scale them up to make sure there are enough cells to put back in the body, so they can go and fight the cancer," said Milnes. "It is an exciting therapy. It is one of a kind and helps give patients another shot at life. However it is too expensive for Indians to afford and we are hoping that Indians can access it in India sooner," said Dr Sameer Kaul, Surgical Oncologist at Indraprastha Apollo Hospital in New Delhi. Millnes said that the patient will only get charged by the pharma company if they have responded to the therapy by the end of the first month. "This is outcomes based contracting or pricing and you do not pay if the therapy fails to work on you," Milnes stated. Top scientific journal Nature reported that remission in patients lasted a median six months and most patients remained in remission for up to 21 months from the time they were administered the therapy. Remission suggests lessening or disappearance of symptoms of the disease. In the US, Novartis is looking at fighting new indications, like adult cancers with CAR-T now and trials are underway.

New cancer therapy for kids shows results in US but at Rs 3.8 crore, distant dream in India

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