Just hours into Election Day, Republican candidate Donald Trump sent several X posts asking people to 'stay in line,' as the former United States president and his supporters appear to fear that people might leave if polling slows or gets delayed.

"STAY IN LINE - TOO BIG TO RIG!," he posted on X on Tuesday (Nov 5), hinting that polling might stop at designated times without allowing everyone to vote.&nbsp;

Watch: US Elections: Voters Head to the Polls to Vote For Harris or Trump

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The post was accompanied by an image saying 'Protect the Vote', which linked to a website:&nbsp;protectthevote.com.

Interestingly, at the time of writing this, the website was not opening, and returning an error message.

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they've been doing it for a while, <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%24RIGGED&amp;src=ctag&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">$RIGGED</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TooBigToRig?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#TooBigToRig</a> <a href="https://t.co/xTzrvWZw2I">pic.twitter.com/xTzrvWZw2I</a>
— deiudaboy (@PensiveKek) <a href="https://twitter.com/PensiveKek/status/1853078161958773115?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 3, 2024</a></blockquote>
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Trump's alarmist messaging is reminiscent of the 'stop the steal' movement that happened soon after it emerged on 2020 Election Night that he was losing. That protest snowballed into the Capitol Hill riot of 2021 on January 6.

Trump's surrogates and supporters are filling social media with memes with hashtags like 'stay in line' and 'too big to rig,' making it clear that they want only one outcome this election night.

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PRESIDENT TRUMP TOOK A BULLET FOR YOU 
 
IF MACHINES GO DOWN WHILE YOU ARE IN LINE 
 
YOU STAY IN LINE ALL DAY UNTIL YOU VOTE FOR THIS MAN<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/STAYINLINE?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#STAYINLINE</a> 
 
<a href="https://t.co/pi0LWUv75p">pic.twitter.com/pi0LWUv75p</a>
— Drew Hernandez (@DrewHLive) <a href="https://twitter.com/DrewHLive/status/1853816398155256236?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 5, 2024</a></blockquote>
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The Trump X handle repeatedly posted messages asking people not to leave polling stations till they vote.

"Republicans: We are doing GREAT! Stay on Line. Do not let them move you. STAY ON LINE AND VOTE!," said one.

"If you're there before the official close of the polls, don't let anyone intimidate you or force you out of line," said another.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/allies-tell-trump-to-declare-victory-prematurely-if-he-secures-lead-in-swing-states-report-773670">Also read: US election: Allies tell Trump to declare victory prematurely if he secures lead in swing states, says report</a> 
 
'StayInLine' is now&nbsp;a hashtag, with several people posting images, videos and memes.

One such post said: "These are the front lines of a war to save our country. Serve with honour. #StayInLine".

"President Trump took a bullet for you. If machines go down while you are in line, you stay in line all day until you vote for this man," said another supporter of the Republican presidential candidate.

This makes one wonder: Is Trump already laying the groundwork to reject the election results in case he loses to Kamala Harris by a thin margin?

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/puerto-rico-is-not-voting-in-us-presidential-elections-but-has-trump-and-harris-on-ballot-heres-why-773612">Also read: Puerto Rico is not voting in US presidential elections but has Trump and Harris on ballot. Here's why</a> 
 
That's quite a possibility, given that opinion polls had predicted that his contest with his Democratic rival is supertight.

Earlier, after casting his vote, Trump has assured that there will not be any violence, expressing confidence that he is winning the election.

Just hours into Election Day, Republican candidate Donald Trump sent several X posts asking people to 'stay in line,' as the former United States president and his supporters appear to fear that people might leave if polling slows or gets delayed.

Just hours into Election Day, Republican candidate Donald Trump sent several X posts asking people to 'stay in line,' as the former United States president and his supporters appear to fear that people might leave if polling slows or gets delayed. "STAY IN LINE - TOO BIG TO RIG!," he posted on X on Tuesday (Nov 5), hinting that polling might stop at designated times without allowing everyone to vote. Watch: US Elections: Voters Head to the Polls to Vote For Harris or Trump × The post was accompanied by an image saying 'Protect the Vote', which linked to a website: protectthevote.com. Interestingly, at the time of writing this, the website was not opening, and returning an error message. they've been doing it for a while, $RIGGED #TooBigToRig pic.twitter.com/xTzrvWZw2I — deiudaboy (@PensiveKek) November 3, 2024 × Trump's alarmist messaging is reminiscent of the 'stop the steal' movement that happened soon after it emerged on 2020 Election Night that he was losing. That protest snowballed into the Capitol Hill riot of 2021 on January 6. Trump's surrogates and supporters are filling social media with memes with hashtags like 'stay in line' and 'too big to rig,' making it clear that they want only one outcome this election night. PRESIDENT TRUMP TOOK A BULLET FOR YOU IF MACHINES GO DOWN WHILE YOU ARE IN LINE YOU STAY IN LINE ALL DAY UNTIL YOU VOTE FOR THIS MAN#STAYINLINE pic.twitter.com/pi0LWUv75p — Drew Hernandez (@DrewHLive) November 5, 2024 × The Trump X handle repeatedly posted messages asking people not to leave polling stations till they vote. "Republicans: We are doing GREAT! Stay on Line. Do not let them move you. STAY ON LINE AND VOTE!," said one. "If you're there before the official close of the polls, don't let anyone intimidate you or force you out of line," said another. Also read: US election: Allies tell Trump to declare victory prematurely if he secures lead in swing states, says report 'StayInLine' is now a hashtag, with several people posting images, videos and memes. One such post said: "These are the front lines of a war to save our country. Serve with honour. #StayInLine". "President Trump took a bullet for you. If machines go down while you are in line, you stay in line all day until you vote for this man," said another supporter of the Republican presidential candidate. This makes one wonder: Is Trump already laying the groundwork to reject the election results in case he loses to Kamala Harris by a thin margin? Also read: Puerto Rico is not voting in US presidential elections but has Trump and Harris on ballot. Here's why That's quite a possibility, given that opinion polls had predicted that his contest with his Democratic rival is supertight. Earlier, after casting his vote, Trump has assured that there will not be any violence, expressing confidence that he is winning the election.

US Election 2024: 'STAY IN LINE - TOO BIG TO RIG', exhorts Trump. Is he already crying foul?

Abortion-related ballot measures will be voted on in 10 states along with general elections, where Democrat Kamala Harris and Republican Donald Trump are in a tight race for president.

Florida, Colorado, Maryland, Arizona, Montana, Nebraska, Missouri, Nevada, New York and South Dakota are the states voting on ballot measures on reproductive rights on Tuesday (Nov. 5) along with the general elections.

Championed by the Democrats, reproductive rights are a key issue for many women voters in this election.

Depending on whether the&nbsp;state is Democrat- or Republican-ruled, these ballot measures contain pro-life or pro-choice questions.

Watch: US Elections: Women Who Want Abortion Rights But Support Donald Trump&nbsp;

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The measures come two years after the US Supreme Court overturned Roe v Wade, the verdict on a landmark case that gave women reproductive rights.

Before the general elections, seven state referendums were held on abortion, and the pro-choice bloc won all of them.

Whatever be the results of these measures, legal challenges are certain to follow. And new legislation will have to be enacted in order for them to come into effect.

Below are the details of ballot measures in these 10 states:

<h2>Arizona Proposition 139, Right to Abortion Initiative</h2>

In this battleground state, the measure seeks to enshrine the right to abortion until fetal viability, or about 24 weeks, in the state constitution. The state has banned abortion after 15 weeks.

<h2>Colorado Amendment 79, Right to Abortion and Health Insurance Coverage Initiative</h2>

The measure in the state, which currently has no gestational limit on abortion, seeks to amend the state constitution to block the government from denying, impeding or discriminating against individuals’ right to abortion. It needs 55 per cent of ayes to pass.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/study-reveals-rise-in-infant-mortality-rate-following-abortion-bans-in-us-769838">Also read: Study reveals rise in infant mortality rate following abortion bans in US</a>

<h2>Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative</h2>

In Republican-led Florida, the question is whether to replace the state's six-week ban with protections up to fetal viability and enshrine the same in its constitution. It needs 60 per cent votes in favour to pass.

<h2>Maryland Question 1, Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment</h2>

The measure, initiated by legislators and not citizens unlike in other states, aims to enshrine in the state constitution the right to reproductive freedom, including abortion. This state has no gestational limit.

<h2>Nebraska Initiative 434, Prohibit Abortions After the First Trimester Amendment</h2>

Unlike other states, Nebraska has two competing ballot measures on the abortion issue: one on protecting abortion rights up to fetal viability, and the other maintaining the state’s existing 12-week ban. Whichever measure gets the most votes among the two will pass.

<h2>Nevada Question 6, Right to Abortion Initiative</h2>

The desert state's measure seeks to protect the right to abortion up until viability, or after viability, in cases where a patient’s health or life may be under threat.

<h2>New York Proposal 1, Equal Protection of Law Amendment</h2>

This measure is broader in scope, seeking to end discrimination on the basis of sex, including sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, and reproductive health. As of now, the state protects right to abortion until fetal viability.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/texas-abortion-ban-kills-teenager-as-she-experienced-pregnancy-complications-reports-773387">Also read: Texas abortion ban kills teenager as she experienced pregnancy complications: Reports</a>

<h2>South Dakota Constitutional Amendment G, Right to Abortion Initiative</h2>

Limited in scope, the measure seeks abortion rights in the first trimester of pregnancy. There is already a legal challenge on the validity of signatures that led to this measure being on the ballot. This means the ballot result could be null and void if the signatures are ruled invalid.

<h2>Missouri Amendment 3, Right to Reproductive Freedom Initiative</h2>

The state has imposed near-total ban on abortion. The measure seeks to overturn it and enshrine a guarantee of reproductive freedom, including abortion care, in the state constitution.

<h2>Montana CI-128, Right to Abortion Initiative</h2>

Montana has not banned abortion but the measure seeks to enshrine the right explicitly in the state constitution.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Abortion-related ballot measures will be voted on in 10 states along with general elections, where Democrat Kamala Harris and Republican Donald Trump are in a tight race for president.

Abortion-related ballot measures will be voted on in 10 states along with general elections, where Democrat Kamala Harris and Republican Donald Trump are in a tight race for president. Florida, Colorado, Maryland, Arizona, Montana, Nebraska, Missouri, Nevada, New York and South Dakota are the states voting on ballot measures on reproductive rights on Tuesday (Nov. 5) along with the general elections. Championed by the Democrats, reproductive rights are a key issue for many women voters in this election. Depending on whether the state is Democrat- or Republican-ruled, these ballot measures contain pro-life or pro-choice questions. Watch: US Elections: Women Who Want Abortion Rights But Support Donald Trump × The measures come two years after the US Supreme Court overturned Roe v Wade, the verdict on a landmark case that gave women reproductive rights. Before the general elections, seven state referendums were held on abortion, and the pro-choice bloc won all of them. Whatever be the results of these measures, legal challenges are certain to follow. And new legislation will have to be enacted in order for them to come into effect. Below are the details of ballot measures in these 10 states: Arizona Proposition 139, Right to Abortion Initiative In this battleground state, the measure seeks to enshrine the right to abortion until fetal viability, or about 24 weeks, in the state constitution. The state has banned abortion after 15 weeks. Colorado Amendment 79, Right to Abortion and Health Insurance Coverage Initiative The measure in the state, which currently has no gestational limit on abortion, seeks to amend the state constitution to block the government from denying, impeding or discriminating against individuals’ right to abortion. It needs 55 per cent of ayes to pass. Also read: Study reveals rise in infant mortality rate following abortion bans in US Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative In Republican-led Florida, the question is whether to replace the state's six-week ban with protections up to fetal viability and enshrine the same in its constitution. It needs 60 per cent votes in favour to pass. Maryland Question 1, Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment The measure, initiated by legislators and not citizens unlike in other states, aims to enshrine in the state constitution the right to reproductive freedom, including abortion. This state has no gestational limit. Nebraska Initiative 434, Prohibit Abortions After the First Trimester Amendment Unlike other states, Nebraska has two competing ballot measures on the abortion issue: one on protecting abortion rights up to fetal viability, and the other maintaining the state’s existing 12-week ban. Whichever measure gets the most votes among the two will pass. Nevada Question 6, Right to Abortion Initiative The desert state's measure seeks to protect the right to abortion up until viability, or after viability, in cases where a patient’s health or life may be under threat. New York Proposal 1, Equal Protection of Law Amendment This measure is broader in scope, seeking to end discrimination on the basis of sex, including sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, and reproductive health. As of now, the state protects right to abortion until fetal viability. Also read: Texas abortion ban kills teenager as she experienced pregnancy complications: Reports South Dakota Constitutional Amendment G, Right to Abortion Initiative Limited in scope, the measure seeks abortion rights in the first trimester of pregnancy. There is already a legal challenge on the validity of signatures that led to this measure being on the ballot. This means the ballot result could be null and void if the signatures are ruled invalid. Missouri Amendment 3, Right to Reproductive Freedom Initiative The state has imposed near-total ban on abortion. The measure seeks to overturn it and enshrine a guarantee of reproductive freedom, including abortion care, in the state constitution. Montana CI-128, Right to Abortion Initiative Montana has not banned abortion but the measure seeks to enshrine the right explicitly in the state constitution. (With inputs from agencies)

US Elections: Abortion is on the ballot in these 10 states. What are they voting for?

Election Night in the US begins as soon as polls close and the sun sets on November 5 in different time zones on the east and west coasts of America.

Will it be an orderly election that would declare either Democrat Kamala Harris or Republican Donald Trump as the winner? 
 
Or will there be chaos?

Here is how the election night will unfold, based on past experience.

Watch: US Election Outcome Key to Global Trade Policies

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Much of the US election results are, in a manner of speaking, 'taken over' by the media outlets, particularly TV channels like CNN, Fox News, NBC News, ABC News and CBS News, who keep projecting and 'calling the election' for different states based on their mathematical calculations.

The only news organisation that's officially allowed to declare elections is the Associated Press News agency.

The first states to close polling from 7 pm Eastern Time will start these trends. This will continue up to 1 am, November 6, when polls close last in Hawaii and Alaska.

As soon as the election is over, the exit polls will start trickling in, besides the state-level projections.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/china-braces-for-critical-week-amid-us-election-and-anticipated-stimulus-plans-773079">Also read: China braces for critical week amid US election and anticipated stimulus plans</a>

Exit polls, which will also include public opinion on various issues, could be a strong indicator of how people have voted.

What one should watch out for are the projections for the battleground states. This time, there are seven:&nbsp;Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.

<h2>Remember the magic number 270</h2>

Remember that the popular vote does not decide American presidential elections.

The picture will become clearer only when we know how many electoral votes each candidate got.

Among swing states, the polls will close first in Georgia. 
 
Whatever projections come out of Georgia&nbsp;could set the tone for the rest of the night. Unless there are legal challenges, Georgia could be the first state to declare who won its 16 electoral college votes, out of the total &nbsp;538 for the whole nation.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/donald-trump-vows-hell-revive-alien-enemies-act-during-final-campaign-rally-heres-what-it-is-773089">Also read: Donald Trump vows he'll revive Alien Enemies Act during final campaign rally. Here's what it is</a>

That could be delayed, if there are questions and lawsuits like last time.

Nationally, the Electoral College vote majority mark is 270, and whoever gets that number wins the election, irrespective of the popular vote.

While swing states are keenly watched, early results could come from small, non-battleground states.&nbsp;

Along with the presidential elections, several local polls are being held on November 5, whose results will trickle in throughout the election night and subsequent hours.

In cases where there are disputes, these results- federal or local -&nbsp;could drag on for days or months.

<h2>Two scenarios: Order vs Chaos</h2>

In case of an orderly election, the picture will be clear as soon as most of the swing state electoral college vote results are in, as long as the states considered non-battlegrounds suddenly spring surprises.

Already, there's such a surprise happening with Iowa, where according to polls, Trump - earlier thought to be winning- might face a challenge.

Where are the candidates going to be?

Trump will be watching the results and addressing supporters from a convention centre in Palm Beach, Florida.

Harris will be with her supporters at Howard University, a traditionally Black educational institution where she had studied.

<h2>Concede or not concede, that's the question</h2>

If the results are clear-cut, and there's no room for suspense or suspicion, the losing candidate traditionally concedes defeat on election night itself.

Once the concession speech/message is delivered by the losing candidate, the winner addresses his or her supporters with a victory speech.

But this election is far from 'traditional'.

Already there are court cases about dropped ballots, eligibility and citizenship questions, and vote suppression allegations.

The rivals, particularly Republicans, are fighting for each vote.

So it would be better to concentrate on what happens if the elections are not orderly.

In other words, what if one candidate does not concede?

At several counting centres, the Republicans - or Democrats, though that seems highly unlikely - could file numerous lawsuits challenging the outcome and seeking recounts.

The recounts, if ordered by the courts, can take hours or even days, as it is a laborious yet thorough process.&nbsp;

It is highly unlikely that Kamala Harris would not concede if the verdict is clearly favouring Trump.

But if Trump appears to lose, it could be a different scenario altogether, if we go by last time.

There is, however, a possible change of heart in Trump if he loses as per some experts, because of two key reasons. 
 
One is that he is already facing court cases related to the 2021 Capitol riots, which resulted from his refusal to accept the results.

A repeat of those 'crimes' could only see him going in and out of court for the rest of his life. 
 
Two, there's frankly not much left for him to fight for, as this is possibly his last shot at the White House given his advanced age.

<h2>What if states are not called by Election Night?</h2>

Things could get dragged on for days, or weeks, pending legal battles.

In 2020, several states were not called due to recounting or lawsuits.&nbsp;

This is quite possible as the opinion polls are saying that it is a tight race.&nbsp;

Such a long night happened in 2000 when votes were recounted in many parts after the contest between incumbent Republican President George W Bush and his Democratic challenger Al Gore. That election was ultimately settled by the US Supreme Court, in favour of Bush.

In the 2020 election, battleground states of Pennsylvania and Nevada were called four days after election day, while it took more than a week for Arizona. 
 
A delay in results, along with possible instigations by Trump and his surrogates, could rile up his supporters. That could lead to protests, counterprotests, violence and arrests. 
 
Will Americans keep calm this election season? 
 
Only hours left to know.

(With inputs from agencies)

Election Night in the US begins as soon as polls close and the sun sets on November 5 in different time zones on the east and west coasts of America. Will it be an orderly election that would declare either Democrat Kamala Harris or Republican Donald Trump as the winner?

Election Night in the US begins as soon as polls close and the sun sets on November 5 in different time zones on the east and west coasts of America. Will it be an orderly election that would declare either Democrat Kamala Harris or Republican Donald Trump as the winner? Or will there be chaos? Here is how the election night will unfold, based on past experience. Watch: US Election Outcome Key to Global Trade Policies × Much of the US election results are, in a manner of speaking, 'taken over' by the media outlets, particularly TV channels like CNN, Fox News, NBC News, ABC News and CBS News, who keep projecting and 'calling the election' for different states based on their mathematical calculations. The only news organisation that's officially allowed to declare elections is the Associated Press News agency. The first states to close polling from 7 pm Eastern Time will start these trends. This will continue up to 1 am, November 6, when polls close last in Hawaii and Alaska. As soon as the election is over, the exit polls will start trickling in, besides the state-level projections. Also read: China braces for critical week amid US election and anticipated stimulus plans Exit polls, which will also include public opinion on various issues, could be a strong indicator of how people have voted. What one should watch out for are the projections for the battleground states. This time, there are seven: Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. Remember the magic number 270 Remember that the popular vote does not decide American presidential elections. The picture will become clearer only when we know how many electoral votes each candidate got. Among swing states, the polls will close first in Georgia. Whatever projections come out of Georgia could set the tone for the rest of the night. Unless there are legal challenges, Georgia could be the first state to declare who won its 16 electoral college votes, out of the total 538 for the whole nation. Also read: Donald Trump vows he'll revive Alien Enemies Act during final campaign rally. Here's what it is That could be delayed, if there are questions and lawsuits like last time. Nationally, the Electoral College vote majority mark is 270, and whoever gets that number wins the election, irrespective of the popular vote. While swing states are keenly watched, early results could come from small, non-battleground states. Along with the presidential elections, several local polls are being held on November 5, whose results will trickle in throughout the election night and subsequent hours. In cases where there are disputes, these results- federal or local - could drag on for days or months. Two scenarios: Order vs Chaos In case of an orderly election, the picture will be clear as soon as most of the swing state electoral college vote results are in, as long as the states considered non-battlegrounds suddenly spring surprises. Already, there's such a surprise happening with Iowa, where according to polls, Trump - earlier thought to be winning- might face a challenge. Where are the candidates going to be? Trump will be watching the results and addressing supporters from a convention centre in Palm Beach, Florida. Harris will be with her supporters at Howard University, a traditionally Black educational institution where she had studied. Concede or not concede, that's the question If the results are clear-cut, and there's no room for suspense or suspicion, the losing candidate traditionally concedes defeat on election night itself. Once the concession speech/message is delivered by the losing candidate, the winner addresses his or her supporters with a victory speech. But this election is far from 'traditional'. Already there are court cases about dropped ballots, eligibility and citizenship questions, and vote suppression allegations. The rivals, particularly Republicans, are fighting for each vote. So it would be better to concentrate on what happens if the elections are not orderly. In other words, what if one candidate does not concede? At several counting centres, the Republicans - or Democrats, though that seems highly unlikely - could file numerous lawsuits challenging the outcome and seeking recounts. The recounts, if ordered by the courts, can take hours or even days, as it is a laborious yet thorough process. It is highly unlikely that Kamala Harris would not concede if the verdict is clearly favouring Trump. But if Trump appears to lose, it could be a different scenario altogether, if we go by last time. There is, however, a possible change of heart in Trump if he loses as per some experts, because of two key reasons. One is that he is already facing court cases related to the 2021 Capitol riots, which resulted from his refusal to accept the results. A repeat of those 'crimes' could only see him going in and out of court for the rest of his life. Two, there's frankly not much left for him to fight for, as this is possibly his last shot at the White House given his advanced age. What if states are not called by Election Night? Things could get dragged on for days, or weeks, pending legal battles. In 2020, several states were not called due to recounting or lawsuits. This is quite possible as the opinion polls are saying that it is a tight race. Such a long night happened in 2000 when votes were recounted in many parts after the contest between incumbent Republican President George W Bush and his Democratic challenger Al Gore. That election was ultimately settled by the US Supreme Court, in favour of Bush. In the 2020 election, battleground states of Pennsylvania and Nevada were called four days after election day, while it took more than a week for Arizona. A delay in results, along with possible instigations by Trump and his surrogates, could rile up his supporters. That could lead to protests, counterprotests, violence and arrests. Will Americans keep calm this election season? Only hours left to know. (With inputs from agencies)

US Election Night: Order or chaos? Possible scenarios after Trump vs Harris race, explained

Is America preparing for election riots? Stores and properties in the US capital have put up big plywood planks,&nbsp;the National Guard is on standby, and security is beefed up across major government institutions&nbsp;as the US fears a redux of the 2020 election aftermath amid a likely nailbiting close contest between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump.

Watch: Statue Evokes The 'Stain' Of Jan 6 U.S. Capitol Riot

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In Washington DC, the seat of American government and Congress, metal security fences have been erected around the White House, US Capitol and the official residence of Harris, the incumbent vice president who will be reading out the final results of the election on January 6, as per Constitution.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/trump-calls-january-6-us-capitol-riots-a-day-of-love-harris-hits-out-at-him-768512">Also read: Trump calls January 6 US Capitol riots a 'day of love'; Harris hits out at him</a> 
 
It was on that day in 2021 that riots broke out when Congress was in a joint session to officially declare the winner of the Electoral College votes, which decides the final outcome of the US presidential elections.

The Washington Post reported that the eight-foot-high metal fences were built by the US Secret Service around the White House, Treasury Department complex, Lafayette Square and the Naval Observatory.

Bicycle-rack barriers were seen at the Capitol, which houses the US Senate and House of Representatives, the site of the 2021 Capitol Hill riot when Trump supporters ran amock after he rejected the election results.

In&nbsp;view of assassination attempts on Trump, the Secret Service is not leaving anything to chance. Security has been beefed up outside the West Palm Beach convention centre in Florida, where Trump will be watching the results along with supporters on Election Night on November 5.

Streets will be closed and traffic restrictions will be in place at Howard University, where Harris will be with her supporters during Election Night.

In scenes reminiscent of 2020-21, several businesses have been putting up plywood barriers in front of their properties in view of any potential mayhem.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/theres-so-much-room-for-error-netizens-react-as-election-worker-collects-ballots-from-dropbox-772819">Also read: 'So much room for error': Netizens react as US election worker collects ballots from dropbox</a> 
 
The Washington Post report said that security steps never seen before are in place, including drones, panic buttons and snipers on standby.

The snipers will be on the rooftop of key vote-counting centres.

Panic buttons will be given to election workers. 
 
Surveillance drones will be deployed at several places.

Earlier reports said that in several states across the country, the National Guard troops are on standby, particularly in Washington state, Oregon and Nevada in view of possible unrest after elections.

(With inputs from agencies)

Is America preparing for election riots? Stores and properties in the US capital have put up big plywood planks, the National Guard is on standby, and security is beefed up across major government institutions as the US fears a redux of the 2020 election aftermath amid a likely nailbiting close contest between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump.

Is America preparing for election riots? Stores and properties in the US capital have put up big plywood planks, the National Guard is on standby, and security is beefed up across major government institutions as the US fears a redux of the 2020 election aftermath amid a likely nailbiting close contest between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump. Watch: Statue Evokes The 'Stain' Of Jan 6 U.S. Capitol Riot × In Washington DC, the seat of American government and Congress, metal security fences have been erected around the White House, US Capitol and the official residence of Harris, the incumbent vice president who will be reading out the final results of the election on January 6, as per Constitution. Also read: Trump calls January 6 US Capitol riots a 'day of love'; Harris hits out at him It was on that day in 2021 that riots broke out when Congress was in a joint session to officially declare the winner of the Electoral College votes, which decides the final outcome of the US presidential elections. The Washington Post reported that the eight-foot-high metal fences were built by the US Secret Service around the White House, Treasury Department complex, Lafayette Square and the Naval Observatory. Bicycle-rack barriers were seen at the Capitol, which houses the US Senate and House of Representatives, the site of the 2021 Capitol Hill riot when Trump supporters ran amock after he rejected the election results. In view of assassination attempts on Trump, the Secret Service is not leaving anything to chance. Security has been beefed up outside the West Palm Beach convention centre in Florida, where Trump will be watching the results along with supporters on Election Night on November 5. Streets will be closed and traffic restrictions will be in place at Howard University, where Harris will be with her supporters during Election Night. In scenes reminiscent of 2020-21, several businesses have been putting up plywood barriers in front of their properties in view of any potential mayhem. Also read: 'So much room for error': Netizens react as US election worker collects ballots from dropbox The Washington Post report said that security steps never seen before are in place, including drones, panic buttons and snipers on standby. The snipers will be on the rooftop of key vote-counting centres. Panic buttons will be given to election workers. Surveillance drones will be deployed at several places. Earlier reports said that in several states across the country, the National Guard troops are on standby, particularly in Washington state, Oregon and Nevada in view of possible unrest after elections. (With inputs from agencies)

US election riots likely? Fences up, snipers, National Guard on standby to prevent 2020 redux

Barack Obama won the 2012 election, becoming the last Democrat president to serve two consecutive terms. However, his second term was marked by the rise of Donald Trump, who went on to become the Republican president, ousting the Democrats from power after eight years of Obama.

Many Americans loved the first African American president, with some even urging him to run again for a third term in 2016. But US presidents cannot have more than two terms, and Obama went on to campaign for the subsequent Democratic candidates, including Joe Biden, who was his vice president.

Watch: US Presidential Elections: Harris Rallies With Obama, Celebrities In Georgia

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In 2012, Obama was seeking a second term in the wake of the global financial crisis that started in late 2007 with the collapse of some major American banks, insurance firms and other financial institutions.

As the Great Reccession continued for the common people, the rich continued to become richer, which led to the Occupy Wall Street movement just a few months before the election.

Obama's Republcan rival was Mitt Romney, the former Massachusetts governor.

The key issues in the 2012 election cycle&nbsp;were the recovery of the American economy, the landmark yet contentious healthcare reforms of Obama, and his foreign policy.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/former-president-barack-obama-and-singer-bruce-springsteen-pitch-for-kamala-harris-771734">Also read: Former president Barack Obama and singer Bruce Springsteen pitch for Kamala Harris</a> 
 
Obama had passed the massive medical care reform called the Affordable Care Act, often referred to as Obamacare. He also spent much of his first term stabilising the economy after the financial crisis of 2007-08 left behind by his Republican predecessor George W Bush.

Unemployment, which was above 8 per cent as of 2012 remained a key issue during the 2012 election, as the working class was still feeling the pinch from the financial crisis.

This made many question the economic policies of Obama in his first term.

Romney seized on this opportunity to attack Obama.

Hightlighting his private sector experience - he was the co-founder of investment firm Bain Capital - Ronmey argued that he can fix the economy.

With the campaign slogan 'Believe in America,'&nbsp;Romney focused on claiming that debt increased and job growth was slow during Obama's first term.

Obama's campaign, with the slogan 'Forward', mobilised supporters on the progress made during his presidency on women's rights, immigration reform and healthcare. He even took a pro-LGBTQ stance closer to election date.&nbsp;

But on the healthcare front, Obama was often cornered by Romney, who advocated repeal of the Affordable Care Act.&nbsp;

They sparred on these issues at debates, with Obama appearing to be on the backfoot in the first one. But he recovered and improved his performance in later debates.

Well into the last days of campaign, Obama appeared to be on a weak position but his emotional and rousing speeches and Demcratic party's massive ground-level surge campaign managed to convince most voters to give him four more years.&nbsp;

The 2012 election also cemented the role of technology, which was already used in the previous one. Data analytics was used as effectively by Obama campaign as grassroot voter mobilisation.

Romeny somehow did not have the same arsenal when it came to using technology, particularly social media outreach to young voters.

There was also an increase in early voting, which is believed to have helped Obama.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/and-hes-talking-about-illegals-biden-slams-musk-over-illegal-worker-claims-tesla-ceo-hits-back-771298">Also read: 'And he's talking about illegals': Biden slams Musk over 'illegal worker' claims; Tesla CEO hits back</a>

The election, held on 6 November 2012, saw better participation from minorities and youngsters, which also was to Obama's advantage.

Eventually, Obama won re-election by getting 332 electoral college votes as against 206 for Romney, and 51 per cent of the popular vote as against 47 per cent for the Republican.

But the election was, in many ways, a predictor of the fact that American electorate was getting slowly divided. If you look at the results map in this story, it is clear that red states and blue states were practically split through the middle of the nation. Obama won the more populous and coastal states where miniorities and immigrants live in large numbers. Romney won much of the north, middle America and conservative south, often described as the Bible Belt.

Obama did extremly well with youth, Latinos and Blacks, whereas white voters appear to have preferred Romney. In the second term of Obama, that division only worsened, including protests after police killings of Black people.

The emergence of migrant communities as voting blocs became an issue for many in the white majority, who gravitated towards a more rightwing approach opposing immigration, a sentiment captured and amplified by Donald Trump.

(With inputs from agencies)

Barack Obama won the 2012 election, becoming the last Democrat president to serve two consecutive terms. However, his second term was marked by the rise of Donald Trump, who went on to become the Republican president, ousting the Democrats from power after eight years of Obama.

Barack Obama won the 2012 election, becoming the last Democrat president to serve two consecutive terms. However, his second term was marked by the rise of Donald Trump, who went on to become the Republican president, ousting the Democrats from power after eight years of Obama. Many Americans loved the first African American president, with some even urging him to run again for a third term in 2016. But US presidents cannot have more than two terms, and Obama went on to campaign for the subsequent Democratic candidates, including Joe Biden, who was his vice president. Watch: US Presidential Elections: Harris Rallies With Obama, Celebrities In Georgia × In 2012, Obama was seeking a second term in the wake of the global financial crisis that started in late 2007 with the collapse of some major American banks, insurance firms and other financial institutions. As the Great Reccession continued for the common people, the rich continued to become richer, which led to the Occupy Wall Street movement just a few months before the election. Obama's Republcan rival was Mitt Romney, the former Massachusetts governor. The key issues in the 2012 election cycle were the recovery of the American economy, the landmark yet contentious healthcare reforms of Obama, and his foreign policy. Also read: Former president Barack Obama and singer Bruce Springsteen pitch for Kamala Harris Obama had passed the massive medical care reform called the Affordable Care Act, often referred to as Obamacare. He also spent much of his first term stabilising the economy after the financial crisis of 2007-08 left behind by his Republican predecessor George W Bush. Unemployment, which was above 8 per cent as of 2012 remained a key issue during the 2012 election, as the working class was still feeling the pinch from the financial crisis. This made many question the economic policies of Obama in his first term. Romney seized on this opportunity to attack Obama. Hightlighting his private sector experience - he was the co-founder of investment firm Bain Capital - Ronmey argued that he can fix the economy. With the campaign slogan 'Believe in America,' Romney focused on claiming that debt increased and job growth was slow during Obama's first term. Obama's campaign, with the slogan 'Forward', mobilised supporters on the progress made during his presidency on women's rights, immigration reform and healthcare. He even took a pro-LGBTQ stance closer to election date. But on the healthcare front, Obama was often cornered by Romney, who advocated repeal of the Affordable Care Act. They sparred on these issues at debates, with Obama appearing to be on the backfoot in the first one. But he recovered and improved his performance in later debates. Well into the last days of campaign, Obama appeared to be on a weak position but his emotional and rousing speeches and Demcratic party's massive ground-level surge campaign managed to convince most voters to give him four more years. The 2012 election also cemented the role of technology, which was already used in the previous one. Data analytics was used as effectively by Obama campaign as grassroot voter mobilisation. Romeny somehow did not have the same arsenal when it came to using technology, particularly social media outreach to young voters. There was also an increase in early voting, which is believed to have helped Obama. Also read: 'And he's talking about illegals': Biden slams Musk over 'illegal worker' claims; Tesla CEO hits back The election, held on 6 November 2012, saw better participation from minorities and youngsters, which also was to Obama's advantage. Eventually, Obama won re-election by getting 332 electoral college votes as against 206 for Romney, and 51 per cent of the popular vote as against 47 per cent for the Republican. But the election was, in many ways, a predictor of the fact that American electorate was getting slowly divided. If you look at the results map in this story, it is clear that red states and blue states were practically split through the middle of the nation. Obama won the more populous and coastal states where miniorities and immigrants live in large numbers. Romney won much of the north, middle America and conservative south, often described as the Bible Belt. Obama did extremly well with youth, Latinos and Blacks, whereas white voters appear to have preferred Romney. In the second term of Obama, that division only worsened, including protests after police killings of Black people. The emergence of migrant communities as voting blocs became an issue for many in the white majority, who gravitated towards a more rightwing approach opposing immigration, a sentiment captured and amplified by Donald Trump. (With inputs from agencies)

US elections: Did Obama re-election lead to rise of Trump? Remembering Obama vs Romney in 2012

The story of the Democratic Party, from which Kamala Harris is racing for the White House, starts in the 19th century. Since its founding in 1828, America's&nbsp;oldest major political party has come a long way from protecting the interests of farmers, which made it take a stance in favour of slavery, to becoming the left-of-centre voice of the nation's politics.

Watch: Democratic National Convention: Biden urges Democrats to support Harris in race to White House

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The party is now considered as leftist as it could get in the US, carefully balancing free market, and neoliberal economic policies with progressive stances on social issues such as women's rights, abortion and migration.

However, by the time Barack Obama finished his second term as president, the Democrats were seen as too woke, which led to the gathering of right-wing forces under Donald Trump, catapulting the businessman into the presidency in 2016.

Since the mid-20th century, the Democratic Party has become the voice of the African-American-led civil rights movement, an incredible transformation from its earlier role in opposing the abolition of slavery.

The party's stance on social justice, including for religious minorities, the LGBTQ+ community, and immigrants, made it a force for diversity in a political landscape marked by the unique two-party system.&nbsp;

Democrats gave to America some of the most iconic presidents including John F Kennedy, Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, James K Polk, Grover Cleveland, Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D Roosevelt, Harry S Truman, Lyndon B Johnson, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama.

But they were not without their set of controversies. Kennedy was assassinated while in office. Clinton became the centre of a sex scandal involving a White House intern and faced an impeachment move which he survived.

And there's also a tendency for the Democrats to become a 'family party'. Several family members of Kennedy assumed political office, while Clinton's wife Hillary unsuccessfully ran for the White House against Trump. Obama's wife, Michelle, is a strong campaigner for the party with reports often indicating a larger political role for her that could even include a run for the presidency in the future.&nbsp;

For all its appearance of being liberal, the Democrats have a dark history of ravaging several parts of the world, particularly during the Cold War era.

Not too different from the Republicans, they supported brutal dictators across Latin America, Asia and West Asia, and 'colour-coded revolutions' in the periphery of the erstwhile Soviet Union in an attempt to surround Russia with pro-West governments.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/its-time-to-end-drama-kamala-harris-vows-in-her-closing-argument-771857">Harris vows to 'end drama' in 'closing argument' from Ellipse, site of US capitol riots</a>

The Democrats supported, encouraged or helped the so-called Arab Spring - a series of revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria and other nations in West Asia, that was followed by years of bloodshed, toppling of military dictators only to replace them with more military men,&nbsp;civil war, and the worsening of Jihadi terrorism in the Islamic world.

The Democrats had enjoyed a majority in the US Congress at several points in history. They had near-uninterrupted dominance of the House of Representatives between 1932 and 1938. They won the lower house in 1948, 1954, 1964, 1966, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2018 and 2022, though some of these periods saw their majority shrink.

In the Senate, Democrats won in 1932, 1934, 1936, 1948, 1954, 1964, 1966, 2006, 2008, 2018 and 2020.

In the 20th century, Democratic presidents were at the helm during most of the World Wars and much of the Cold War. They brought in policies for economic recovery and health care reform.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-elections-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-democratic-party-nominee-kamala-harris-771170">Also read: US Elections: All you need to know about the Democratic Party nominee Kamala Harris</a>

The Democratic Party is credited with giving energy to the civil rights movement, reducing inequality, expanding social welfare and giving leadership to the world in tackling the climate crisis.&nbsp;

While this made the Democrats the darling of minorities, much of the working class and marginalised people, their Republican rivals often accuse the party of being class warriors and Communists.

Will Kamala Harris, the current vice president, be elected as a true representative of the diversity of the American people?&nbsp;

Whether she makes it to the White House or not, the fact that a woman of mixed Asian and African descent was able to make it to the race is in itself a tribute to the Democrats' efforts to be the true representative of a very diverse and complex nation.

The story of the Democratic Party, from which Kamala Harris is racing for the White House, starts in the 19th century. Since its founding in 1828, America's oldest major political party has come a long way from protecting the interests of farmers, which made it take a stance in favour of slavery, to becoming the left-of-centre voice of the nation's politics.

The story of the Democratic Party, from which Kamala Harris is racing for the White House, starts in the 19th century. Since its founding in 1828, America's oldest major political party has come a long way from protecting the interests of farmers, which made it take a stance in favour of slavery, to becoming the left-of-centre voice of the nation's politics. Watch: Democratic National Convention: Biden urges Democrats to support Harris in race to White House × The party is now considered as leftist as it could get in the US, carefully balancing free market, and neoliberal economic policies with progressive stances on social issues such as women's rights, abortion and migration. However, by the time Barack Obama finished his second term as president, the Democrats were seen as too woke, which led to the gathering of right-wing forces under Donald Trump, catapulting the businessman into the presidency in 2016. Since the mid-20th century, the Democratic Party has become the voice of the African-American-led civil rights movement, an incredible transformation from its earlier role in opposing the abolition of slavery. The party's stance on social justice, including for religious minorities, the LGBTQ+ community, and immigrants, made it a force for diversity in a political landscape marked by the unique two-party system. Democrats gave to America some of the most iconic presidents including John F Kennedy, Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, James K Polk, Grover Cleveland, Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D Roosevelt, Harry S Truman, Lyndon B Johnson, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama. But they were not without their set of controversies. Kennedy was assassinated while in office. Clinton became the centre of a sex scandal involving a White House intern and faced an impeachment move which he survived. And there's also a tendency for the Democrats to become a 'family party'. Several family members of Kennedy assumed political office, while Clinton's wife Hillary unsuccessfully ran for the White House against Trump. Obama's wife, Michelle, is a strong campaigner for the party with reports often indicating a larger political role for her that could even include a run for the presidency in the future. For all its appearance of being liberal, the Democrats have a dark history of ravaging several parts of the world, particularly during the Cold War era. Not too different from the Republicans, they supported brutal dictators across Latin America, Asia and West Asia, and 'colour-coded revolutions' in the periphery of the erstwhile Soviet Union in an attempt to surround Russia with pro-West governments. Also read: Harris vows to 'end drama' in 'closing argument' from Ellipse, site of US capitol riots The Democrats supported, encouraged or helped the so-called Arab Spring - a series of revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria and other nations in West Asia, that was followed by years of bloodshed, toppling of military dictators only to replace them with more military men, civil war, and the worsening of Jihadi terrorism in the Islamic world. The Democrats had enjoyed a majority in the US Congress at several points in history. They had near-uninterrupted dominance of the House of Representatives between 1932 and 1938. They won the lower house in 1948, 1954, 1964, 1966, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2018 and 2022, though some of these periods saw their majority shrink. In the Senate, Democrats won in 1932, 1934, 1936, 1948, 1954, 1964, 1966, 2006, 2008, 2018 and 2020. In the 20th century, Democratic presidents were at the helm during most of the World Wars and much of the Cold War. They brought in policies for economic recovery and health care reform. Also read: US Elections: All you need to know about the Democratic Party nominee Kamala Harris The Democratic Party is credited with giving energy to the civil rights movement, reducing inequality, expanding social welfare and giving leadership to the world in tackling the climate crisis. While this made the Democrats the darling of minorities, much of the working class and marginalised people, their Republican rivals often accuse the party of being class warriors and Communists. Will Kamala Harris, the current vice president, be elected as a true representative of the diversity of the American people? Whether she makes it to the White House or not, the fact that a woman of mixed Asian and African descent was able to make it to the race is in itself a tribute to the Democrats' efforts to be the true representative of a very diverse and complex nation.

US Elections: Democratic Party of Kamala Harris - What you should know

Over the past 10 years, the Republican Party has been reshaped as an outpost of Donald Trump's views, but the Grand Old Party of US politics has a storied history far from its current right-wing avatar.

Not many know that the Republican Party was founded by anti-slavery activists in 1854.

Watch: Trump at Republican Convention after assassination bid | Republicans formally nominate Trump

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Along with groups like former Whigs and Free Soilers, they created the party to fight against the expansion of slavery of Africans into new areas in the United States.

Equally unbelievable when compared to the present stance of Democrats is that that party had supported slavery. The Republicans became the main opposition to the Democratic party with their fight against slavery.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/trump-comes-up-with-a-shocking-idea-to-end-violent-crime-in-us-suggests-a-day-like-the-purge-763269">Also read: Trump comes up with shocking idea to end violent crime in US, suggests a day like 'The Purge'</a>

Possibly the most well-known figure in the Republican party is&nbsp;Abraham Lincoln, who became the first Republican president and went on to serve from 1861 to 1865 till his assassination.

Lincoln's election in 1860 took place amid the conflict between the pro-slavery southern states and the rest of the union, which eventually led to the American Civil War following the secession move by the South.

Under Lincoln, the abolitionist North won the Civil War, and the Republican president made the Emancipation Proclamation, which set the US on a path towards ending slavery.

Republican party gave several other prominent presidents including Ulysses S Grant, Theodore Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan. It also has the not-so-bright record of Richard Nixon, the only US president who was forced to resign.&nbsp;

The slow move of the party towards conservative and right-wing politics and economic policies was cemented by Reagan, and his Republican successors George HW Bush, his son George W Bush and then, Donald Trump.

At various times, the Republicans controlled Congress and the US legislature. They had the majority in the House of Representatives in 1947-49 and 2011-2019. In the Senate, they were in the majority in the 1980s and early 2000s, wresting majority again in the 2015-2021 period.

When compared to the anti-slavery idealism of its founders which was progressive for its time, the current politics of the Republicans is almost unbelievable.&nbsp;

The party currently advocates free-market policies and limited government intervention in people's lives, particularly in taxation.

While it endorses individual freedom away from government authority, the party is also conservative in its fiscal and social policies.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/liz-cheney-urges-republican-women-to-side-with-harris-in-us-elections-over-abortion-rights-769821">Also read: Liz Cheney urges Republican women to side with Harris in US elections over abortion rights</a>

Amplified by Trump, who has changed the composition of the Republican party in the past eight years with his relatives or allies in key positions, the Republicans have a relatively hardline approach towards immigration and race relations, appearing to favour the white majority.

Trump is an ardent opponent of immigration, particularly from Latin American and Muslim nations.&nbsp;

His party is also opposed to taxing the rich, and government intervention in healthcare and medical insurance.

On the issue of abortion, the current Republicans prefer the right to life to the right of choice.

Republican presidents like George Bush and George W Bush have led the meddling of the US in global issues, including W's move to export democracy that led to civil wars, conflicts and the rise of Islamic terrorism in West Asia, and at least partially caused the 9/11 attacks of 2001.&nbsp;

Under Trump, the Republican Party seemed to favour American isolationism, with his key slogan being Make America Great Again.

Will Trump lead the Grand Old Party back into power and shape the legislative and policy landscape of the US?

We will know in November. 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

Over the past 10 years, the Republican Party has been reshaped as an outpost of Donald Trump's views, but the Grand Old Party of US politics has a storied history far from its current right-wing avatar.

Over the past 10 years, the Republican Party has been reshaped as an outpost of Donald Trump's views, but the Grand Old Party of US politics has a storied history far from its current right-wing avatar. Not many know that the Republican Party was founded by anti-slavery activists in 1854. Watch: Trump at Republican Convention after assassination bid | Republicans formally nominate Trump × Along with groups like former Whigs and Free Soilers, they created the party to fight against the expansion of slavery of Africans into new areas in the United States. Equally unbelievable when compared to the present stance of Democrats is that that party had supported slavery. The Republicans became the main opposition to the Democratic party with their fight against slavery. Also read: Trump comes up with shocking idea to end violent crime in US, suggests a day like 'The Purge' Possibly the most well-known figure in the Republican party is Abraham Lincoln, who became the first Republican president and went on to serve from 1861 to 1865 till his assassination. Lincoln's election in 1860 took place amid the conflict between the pro-slavery southern states and the rest of the union, which eventually led to the American Civil War following the secession move by the South. Under Lincoln, the abolitionist North won the Civil War, and the Republican president made the Emancipation Proclamation, which set the US on a path towards ending slavery. Republican party gave several other prominent presidents including Ulysses S Grant, Theodore Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan. It also has the not-so-bright record of Richard Nixon, the only US president who was forced to resign. The slow move of the party towards conservative and right-wing politics and economic policies was cemented by Reagan, and his Republican successors George HW Bush, his son George W Bush and then, Donald Trump. At various times, the Republicans controlled Congress and the US legislature. They had the majority in the House of Representatives in 1947-49 and 2011-2019. In the Senate, they were in the majority in the 1980s and early 2000s, wresting majority again in the 2015-2021 period. When compared to the anti-slavery idealism of its founders which was progressive for its time, the current politics of the Republicans is almost unbelievable. The party currently advocates free-market policies and limited government intervention in people's lives, particularly in taxation. While it endorses individual freedom away from government authority, the party is also conservative in its fiscal and social policies. Also read: Liz Cheney urges Republican women to side with Harris in US elections over abortion rights Amplified by Trump, who has changed the composition of the Republican party in the past eight years with his relatives or allies in key positions, the Republicans have a relatively hardline approach towards immigration and race relations, appearing to favour the white majority. Trump is an ardent opponent of immigration, particularly from Latin American and Muslim nations. His party is also opposed to taxing the rich, and government intervention in healthcare and medical insurance. On the issue of abortion, the current Republicans prefer the right to life to the right of choice. Republican presidents like George Bush and George W Bush have led the meddling of the US in global issues, including W's move to export democracy that led to civil wars, conflicts and the rise of Islamic terrorism in West Asia, and at least partially caused the 9/11 attacks of 2001. Under Trump, the Republican Party seemed to favour American isolationism, with his key slogan being Make America Great Again. Will Trump lead the Grand Old Party back into power and shape the legislative and policy landscape of the US? We will know in November. (With inputs from agencies)

US Elections 2024: Republican party of Donald Trump - What you should know

As Donald Trump and Kamala Harris fight in the race for the White House, one key term is back in the limelight: the US Electoral College.

The US president is elected on the basis of two, not one, elections: the popular votes, followed by electoral college votes.

This is a unique form of proportionate voting which could be confusing to people in other countries.

Here is what you should know about the Electoral College.

Watch: US Presidential Elections: Donald Trump, Kamala Harris Make Final Push For Victory

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Simply put, the Electoral College is a group of electors chosen to represent the election choices of each American state.

Based on population data derived from the Census, each state is allocated a specific number of electoral college votes that adds up to 538 (see list below).

<h2>Why was the Electoral College established in the US?</h2>

The Electoral College system was established in view of the possibility that, considering the different population sizes of each state, the popular vote could be skewed in favour of one winner.

For instance, whoever wins California could take the White House, as it has the largest population. This would not be a proportionate mandate that takes into account the wishes of the people of all states.&nbsp;

In order to solve this, the Founding Fathers of the US introduced the Electoral College as a compromise between congressional selection and direct popular vote.

The Electoral College consists of 538 votes. Whoever gets a total of 270 or more electoral college votes wins the election.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-election-la-times-owner-blocks-newspaper-from-endorsing-kamala-harris-heres-why-771258">Also read: US election: LA Times owner blocks newspaper from endorsing Kamala Harris. Here's why</a>

The electors' numbers in each state are proportionate to how many members of Congress it sends. One electoral college vote is equal to one house seat plus two senate seats.

The District of Columbia, which is not a state, has three electors. This exemption was given under the 23rd Amendment of the Constitution, which treats the District of Columbia as a state for electoral college purposes.

<h2>How are Electoral College electors chosen?</h2>

In the general elections, voters are actually choosing their preferred electors rather than directly voting for the presidential candidates.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/trump-wraps-up-msg-rally-while-grooving-with-melania-vows-to-win-new-york-771283">Also read: Trump wraps up MSG rally while grooving with Melania, vows to win New York</a> 
 
In most states, the 'winner-takes-all' system is used, meaning all electoral votes for these states go to the candidate who has won the popular vote there.

The states of Maine and Nebraska, however, use a proportionate&nbsp;method.

<h2>How electoral votes are recorded and announced</h2>

Once the general election is over on 5th November, the state officials will prepare a Certificate of Ascertainment listing the electors and their votes, which is sent to the National Archives and Records Administration or NARA.&nbsp;

These electors will meet on the first Tuesday after the second Wednesday in December to cast their votes for president and vice president.&nbsp;

Their votes are then recorded and sent to Congress, which counts them on January 6 at a joint session presided over by the incumbent vice president.&nbsp;

The announcement of the electoral college by the Congress will follow.

This is the formal declaration of the president-elect and vice president-elect, ending the US presidential election process.

The new president will the oath of office on January 20.

<h2>The Electoral College in numbers: States and votes</h2>

As already mentioned, there are a total of 538 electoral votes, and the majority mark, or the magic number, is 270.

Below are the electoral college votes of each state, and District of Columbia

Alabama - 9 votes

Kentucky - 8 votes

North Dakota - 3 votes

Alaska - 3 votes

Louisiana - 8 votes

Ohio - 17 votes

Arizona - 11 votes

Maine - 4 votes

Oklahoma - 7 votes

Arkansas - 6 votes

Maryland - 10 votes

Oregon - 8 votes

California - 54 votes

Massachusetts - 11 votes

Pennsylvania - 19 votes

Colorado - 10 votes

Michigan - 15 votes

Rhode Island - 4 votes

Connecticut - 7 votes

Minnesota - 10 votes

South Carolina - 9 votes

Delaware - 3 votes

Mississippi - 6 votes

South Dakota - 3 votes

District of Columbia - 3 votes

Missouri - 10 votes

Tennessee - 11 votes

Florida - 30 votes

Montana - 4 votes

Texas - 40 votes

Georgia - 16 votes

Nebraska - 5 votes

Utah - 6 votes

Hawaii - 4 votes

Nevada - 6 votes

Vermont - 3 votes

Idaho - 4 votes

New Hampshire - 4 votes

Virginia - 13 votes

Illinois - 19 votes

New Jersey - 14 votes

Washington - 12 votes

Indiana - 11 votes

New Mexico - 5 votes

West Virginia - 4 votes

Iowa - 6 votes

New York - 28 votes

Wisconsin - 10 votes

Kansas - 6 votes

North Carolina - 16 votes

Wyoming - 3 votes

(With inputs from agencies)

As Donald Trump and Kamala Harris fight in the race for the White House, one key term is back in the limelight: the US Electoral College. The US president is elected on the basis of two, not one, elections: the popular votes, followed by electoral college votes.

As Donald Trump and Kamala Harris fight in the race for the White House, one key term is back in the limelight: the US Electoral College. The US president is elected on the basis of two, not one, elections: the popular votes, followed by electoral college votes. This is a unique form of proportionate voting which could be confusing to people in other countries. Here is what you should know about the Electoral College. Watch: US Presidential Elections: Donald Trump, Kamala Harris Make Final Push For Victory × Simply put, the Electoral College is a group of electors chosen to represent the election choices of each American state. Based on population data derived from the Census, each state is allocated a specific number of electoral college votes that adds up to 538 (see list below). Why was the Electoral College established in the US? The Electoral College system was established in view of the possibility that, considering the different population sizes of each state, the popular vote could be skewed in favour of one winner. For instance, whoever wins California could take the White House, as it has the largest population. This would not be a proportionate mandate that takes into account the wishes of the people of all states. In order to solve this, the Founding Fathers of the US introduced the Electoral College as a compromise between congressional selection and direct popular vote. The Electoral College consists of 538 votes. Whoever gets a total of 270 or more electoral college votes wins the election. Also read: US election: LA Times owner blocks newspaper from endorsing Kamala Harris. Here's why The electors' numbers in each state are proportionate to how many members of Congress it sends. One electoral college vote is equal to one house seat plus two senate seats. The District of Columbia, which is not a state, has three electors. This exemption was given under the 23rd Amendment of the Constitution, which treats the District of Columbia as a state for electoral college purposes. How are Electoral College electors chosen? In the general elections, voters are actually choosing their preferred electors rather than directly voting for the presidential candidates. Also read: Trump wraps up MSG rally while grooving with Melania, vows to win New York In most states, the 'winner-takes-all' system is used, meaning all electoral votes for these states go to the candidate who has won the popular vote there. The states of Maine and Nebraska, however, use a proportionate method. How electoral votes are recorded and announced Once the general election is over on 5th November, the state officials will prepare a Certificate of Ascertainment listing the electors and their votes, which is sent to the National Archives and Records Administration or NARA. These electors will meet on the first Tuesday after the second Wednesday in December to cast their votes for president and vice president. Their votes are then recorded and sent to Congress, which counts them on January 6 at a joint session presided over by the incumbent vice president. The announcement of the electoral college by the Congress will follow. This is the formal declaration of the president-elect and vice president-elect, ending the US presidential election process. The new president will the oath of office on January 20. The Electoral College in numbers: States and votes As already mentioned, there are a total of 538 electoral votes, and the majority mark, or the magic number, is 270. Below are the electoral college votes of each state, and District of Columbia Alabama - 9 votes Kentucky - 8 votes North Dakota - 3 votes Alaska - 3 votes Louisiana - 8 votes Ohio - 17 votes Arizona - 11 votes Maine - 4 votes Oklahoma - 7 votes Arkansas - 6 votes Maryland - 10 votes Oregon - 8 votes California - 54 votes Massachusetts - 11 votes Pennsylvania - 19 votes Colorado - 10 votes Michigan - 15 votes Rhode Island - 4 votes Connecticut - 7 votes Minnesota - 10 votes South Carolina - 9 votes Delaware - 3 votes Mississippi - 6 votes South Dakota - 3 votes District of Columbia - 3 votes Missouri - 10 votes Tennessee - 11 votes Florida - 30 votes Montana - 4 votes Texas - 40 votes Georgia - 16 votes Nebraska - 5 votes Utah - 6 votes Hawaii - 4 votes Nevada - 6 votes Vermont - 3 votes Idaho - 4 votes New Hampshire - 4 votes Virginia - 13 votes Illinois - 19 votes New Jersey - 14 votes Washington - 12 votes Indiana - 11 votes New Mexico - 5 votes West Virginia - 4 votes Iowa - 6 votes New York - 28 votes Wisconsin - 10 votes Kansas - 6 votes North Carolina - 16 votes Wyoming - 3 votes (With inputs from agencies)

US elections: What is Electoral College? Understanding myths and facts

In shocking remarks, High Commissioner Sanjay Verma, who was recalled from Canada, warned Indian parents against sending children for higher studies to the country, saying they live in poor conditions which Khalistani terrorists often exploit by influencing and trying to recruit them.

In interviews to Indian media outlets including PTI and NDTV this week, Verma highlighted the unemployment and unsanitary conditions in which Indian students, even from well-to-do families, are forced to live when in Canada.

This is due to the soaring rents and cost of living in Canadian cities.

Watch: India-Canada Diplomatic Row: Indian Envoy Slams Trudeau Government

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Verma said that Khalistani extremists initially give food and money to the students who often end up working in low-paying jobs like cab driving or daily wage labour to sustain themselves inspite of their high education levels.

Highlighting the grim living situation of the students, he said often up to eight individuals&nbsp;live in cramped accommodations.

In a tongue-in-cheek remark, Verma said he was making some 'allegations' without giving evidence, similar to what Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau had said about having 'credible allegations' about Indian involvement in the killing of a Khalistani terrorist Hardeep Singh Nijjar, without offering proof.

Verma alleged the Canadian government is seeing the Khalistani separatists as an intelligence asset and encouraging them. He claimed that Khalistani operatives might even be affiliated with Canada’s security agency, CSIS.&nbsp;

“Khalistani extremists are being encouraged all the time. This is my allegation, I also know that some of these Khalistani extremists and terrorists are deep assets of CSIS, again I'm not giving any evidence.”

These extremists, he warned, are luring students with help, and then leading them into a vortex of radicalisation.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/pro-khalistan-elements-have-infiltrated-canadas-defence-forces-and-parliament-says-recalled-envoy-770443">Also read: Pro-Khalistan elements have infiltrated Canada’s defence forces and parliament, says recalled envoy</a>

"Given the condition of that economy there are few jobs...students are offered money and food, and this is how Khalistani terrorists and extremists influence them with nefarious plans,” he said.

The students, he claimed, are pressured into taking part in anti-India protests, post images and videos of the same,&nbsp;and then told to seek asylum in Canada on the pretext of fear of punishment in India. 
 
<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/eam-jaishankar-slams-canadas-double-standards-on-free-speech-as-india-canada-relations-hit-new-low-769523">Also read: EAM Jaishankar slams Canada’s ‘double standards’ on free speech as India-Canada relations hit new low</a> 
&nbsp;

He advised Indian parents to keep in regular touch with their wards studying in Canada and be vigilant about the influences surrounding them.

He also asked families to guide their children from "unwise choices" like going to Canada,&nbsp;pointing out the disillusionment the youngsters face about their educational and professional future in the country. 
 
"Many of our children are not getting what they dreamed of. In fact, I can tell you that eight students are sharing one room for accommodation," he said.

On the academic front also, the situation is not bright, as Verma said some students attend classes just once a week and work the rest of the week.

"The entire week, they are forced to work as daily wage earners in stores," he said of the students, who often come from good families in India.

India recalled Verma amid renewed diplomatic tensions with Canada which were already in the dumps.

The latest flare-up came after PM Trudeau repeated his 'credible allegations' about Indian involvement in the killing of Nijjar, following which both countries recalled or expelled some of their diplomats.

(With inputs from agencies) 
&nbsp;

In shocking remarks, High Commissioner Sanjay Verma, who was recalled from Canada, warned Indian parents against sending children for higher studies to the country, saying they live in poor conditions which Khalistani terrorists often exploit by influencing and trying to recruit them.

In shocking remarks, High Commissioner Sanjay Verma, who was recalled from Canada, warned Indian parents against sending children for higher studies to the country, saying they live in poor conditions which Khalistani terrorists often exploit by influencing and trying to recruit them. In interviews to Indian media outlets including PTI and NDTV this week, Verma highlighted the unemployment and unsanitary conditions in which Indian students, even from well-to-do families, are forced to live when in Canada. This is due to the soaring rents and cost of living in Canadian cities. Watch: India-Canada Diplomatic Row: Indian Envoy Slams Trudeau Government × Verma said that Khalistani extremists initially give food and money to the students who often end up working in low-paying jobs like cab driving or daily wage labour to sustain themselves inspite of their high education levels. Highlighting the grim living situation of the students, he said often up to eight individuals live in cramped accommodations. In a tongue-in-cheek remark, Verma said he was making some 'allegations' without giving evidence, similar to what Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau had said about having 'credible allegations' about Indian involvement in the killing of a Khalistani terrorist Hardeep Singh Nijjar, without offering proof. Verma alleged the Canadian government is seeing the Khalistani separatists as an intelligence asset and encouraging them. He claimed that Khalistani operatives might even be affiliated with Canada’s security agency, CSIS. “Khalistani extremists are being encouraged all the time. This is my allegation, I also know that some of these Khalistani extremists and terrorists are deep assets of CSIS, again I'm not giving any evidence.” These extremists, he warned, are luring students with help, and then leading them into a vortex of radicalisation. Also read: Pro-Khalistan elements have infiltrated Canada’s defence forces and parliament, says recalled envoy "Given the condition of that economy there are few jobs...students are offered money and food, and this is how Khalistani terrorists and extremists influence them with nefarious plans,” he said. The students, he claimed, are pressured into taking part in anti-India protests, post images and videos of the same, and then told to seek asylum in Canada on the pretext of fear of punishment in India. Also read: EAM Jaishankar slams Canada’s ‘double standards’ on free speech as India-Canada relations hit new low He advised Indian parents to keep in regular touch with their wards studying in Canada and be vigilant about the influences surrounding them. He also asked families to guide their children from "unwise choices" like going to Canada, pointing out the disillusionment the youngsters face about their educational and professional future in the country. "Many of our children are not getting what they dreamed of. In fact, I can tell you that eight students are sharing one room for accommodation," he said. On the academic front also, the situation is not bright, as Verma said some students attend classes just once a week and work the rest of the week. "The entire week, they are forced to work as daily wage earners in stores," he said of the students, who often come from good families in India. India recalled Verma amid renewed diplomatic tensions with Canada which were already in the dumps. The latest flare-up came after PM Trudeau repeated his 'credible allegations' about Indian involvement in the killing of Nijjar, following which both countries recalled or expelled some of their diplomats. (With inputs from agencies)

Indian parents sending students to Canada, read envoy's warning on poor conditions, Khalistan terror link

Apple has launched a feature on its iMessage platform that will allow children to report nude images and videos to the tech firm that would then bring it to the notice of law enforcement agencies.

The change is being rolled out first in Australia from Thursday (Oct 24).

The beta release is part of an update of Apple's operating system and extends the safety measures earlier given to users aged under 13 since iOS 17.

Watch: Shocking Rise In AI-produced Child Abuse Material

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Here is how the new feature aimed at further protecting user privacy will work:

The iPhones can automatically detect images and videos that contain nudity that children might receive or attempt to send in iMessage, AirDrop, FaceTime and Photos.

When such sensitive imagery is&nbsp;detected, the young users will be given intervention screens before they can proceed.

There will be options to contact a parent or guardian and to&nbsp;report the images and videos to Apple.

The device will then generate reports containing the visuals, as well as messages preceding and following the images and videos.

The report will include contact information of both the sender and receiver.&nbsp;

Users can fill out a form to explain what happened, which Apple will review.

Action such as disabling the users' ability to send messages through iMessage will follow. 
 
Apple can also report the issue to law enforcement agencies.

The tech giant said the feature will eventually be rolled out across the world after the beta test in Australia.

Australia was chosen as the first region in the wake of new rules being implemented in the country to crack down on controversial content on tech platforms and devices.

The new rules require companies to monitor child abuse and terror-related content on messaging and cloud services in Australia by the end of 2024.

While Apple maintains that the new features would&nbsp;protect end-to-end encryption and raised concerns about mass surveillance, the law has been softened a bit.

Yet, the&nbsp;Australian&nbsp;government insists that&nbsp;companies must&nbsp;take action to tackle child abuse and terror content.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/new-york-catholic-diocese-to-pay-323mn-to-530-child-sex-abuse-survivors-in-largest-diocese-bankruptcy-762507">New York Catholic diocese to pay $323mn to 530 child sex abuse survivors, in largest US diocese bankruptcy</a>

Apple has drawn criticism across the world over its reluctance to ease up on its end-to-end encryption to help law enforcement.

There was earlier a plan from Apple to scan photos and videos stored in its iCloud for child sexual abuse material (CSAM), but that was scrapped in late 2022 over privacy concerns.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/india-trumps-china-as-manufacturer-of-apples-most-expensive-iphone-pro-and-pro-max-models-751537">Also read: India trumps China as manufacturer of Apple's most expensive iPhone Pro and Pro Max models</a> 
 
In the UK, the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children had accused Apple of vastly undercounting how often CSAM appears in its products, according to a report in The Guardian newspaper.

Apple reported only 267 cases of suspected CSAM on its platforms in 2023.

That's seen as a massive under-reporting when compared to Meta, the owner of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, which submitted more than 30 million CSAM reports. 
 
Google sent nearly 1.5 million reports in the same period.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Apple has launched a feature on its iMessage platform that will allow children to report nude images and videos to the tech firm that would then bring it to the notice of law enforcement agencies.

Apple has launched a feature on its iMessage platform that will allow children to report nude images and videos to the tech firm that would then bring it to the notice of law enforcement agencies. The change is being rolled out first in Australia from Thursday (Oct 24). The beta release is part of an update of Apple's operating system and extends the safety measures earlier given to users aged under 13 since iOS 17. Watch: Shocking Rise In AI-produced Child Abuse Material × Here is how the new feature aimed at further protecting user privacy will work: The iPhones can automatically detect images and videos that contain nudity that children might receive or attempt to send in iMessage, AirDrop, FaceTime and Photos. When such sensitive imagery is detected, the young users will be given intervention screens before they can proceed. There will be options to contact a parent or guardian and to report the images and videos to Apple. The device will then generate reports containing the visuals, as well as messages preceding and following the images and videos. The report will include contact information of both the sender and receiver. Users can fill out a form to explain what happened, which Apple will review. Action such as disabling the users' ability to send messages through iMessage will follow. Apple can also report the issue to law enforcement agencies. The tech giant said the feature will eventually be rolled out across the world after the beta test in Australia. Australia was chosen as the first region in the wake of new rules being implemented in the country to crack down on controversial content on tech platforms and devices. The new rules require companies to monitor child abuse and terror-related content on messaging and cloud services in Australia by the end of 2024. While Apple maintains that the new features would protect end-to-end encryption and raised concerns about mass surveillance, the law has been softened a bit. Yet, the Australian government insists that companies must take action to tackle child abuse and terror content. Also read: New York Catholic diocese to pay $323mn to 530 child sex abuse survivors, in largest US diocese bankruptcy Apple has drawn criticism across the world over its reluctance to ease up on its end-to-end encryption to help law enforcement. There was earlier a plan from Apple to scan photos and videos stored in its iCloud for child sexual abuse material (CSAM), but that was scrapped in late 2022 over privacy concerns. Also read: India trumps China as manufacturer of Apple's most expensive iPhone Pro and Pro Max models In the UK, the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children had accused Apple of vastly undercounting how often CSAM appears in its products, according to a report in The Guardian newspaper. Apple reported only 267 cases of suspected CSAM on its platforms in 2023. That's seen as a massive under-reporting when compared to Meta, the owner of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, which submitted more than 30 million CSAM reports. Google sent nearly 1.5 million reports in the same period. (With inputs from agencies)

Now, children using iMessage platform can report nudity to Apple; feature rolls out in Australia

How do we know dinosaurs? As 3D models, toys, sculptures, animated movies, or even dinosaur costumes. What if they can be turned into robots? In what might look like science fiction, researchers are re-creating the biological mechanisms of long-extinct species with some help from robotics. The aim is to study the complex processes of evolution across millennia.

Welcome to the world of 'paleo-inspired robotics,' a pioneering field of study that combines the prehistoric with the modern by animating extinct animals as robot models.

While evolution took millions of years, engineering these robots can simulate this process in just a day, according to &nbsp;Dr Michael Ishida from the Cambridge University.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Hungarian Scientists Develop Decentralised Drone Swarms

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"With a couple lines of code or a new 3D-printed leg we can simulate those millions of years of evolution in a single day of engineering effort,” The Guardian quoted him as saying.

As a start, the scientists led by Ishida&nbsp;are re-creating the movements of fossilised ancestors of fish.

His team is studying how mudskippers evolved to walk on land using robotics.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiF447k46aJAxXNk1YBHbjZDXUQxfQBKAB6BAgJEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-2000-year-old-temple-is-submerged-underwater-in-italy-it-was-featured-in-indiana-jones-770096" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/this-2000-year-old-temple-is-submerged-underwater-in-italy-it-was-featured-in-indiana-jones-770096&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiF447k46aJAxXNk1YBHbjZDXUQxfQBKAB6BAgJEAE">THIS 2,000-year-old temple is submerged underwater in Italy. It was featured in 'Indiana Jones'</a>

They are creating robots that can replicate the anatomy of mudskippers to understand the evolutionary pressures that made these animals come out of water.

While engineers have traditionally built robots to mimic living animals, the focus of this study is towards reconstructing entire ancient species, the researchers noted in the journal Science Robotics.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiF447k46aJAxXNk1YBHbjZDXUQxfQBKAB6BAgQEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/oldest-quasars-ever-observed-in-early-universe-are-extremely-lonely-768938" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/oldest-quasars-ever-observed-in-early-universe-are-extremely-lonely-768938&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiF447k46aJAxXNk1YBHbjZDXUQxfQBKAB6BAgQEAE">Oldest quasars ever observed in early universe are extremely lonely</a>

Such analysis of organisms would help in the understanding of locomotion, as the robots can operate in real environments as opposed to complex computer simulations and animation.

How will it push science forward?

The research will answer questions like how vertebrates moved from water to land, and how some dinosaurs developed the ability to fly, creating the ancestors of birds.

“These robots can help us test hypotheses about the history of life,” Prof Steve Brusatte at the University of Edinburgh said.

“It would be mesmerising to build a robot to, say, understand how giant dinosaurs walked and moved. But what is especially exciting to me is the potential of using robots to study major evolutionary transitions,” The Guardian quoted Brusatte, who is not part of the project, as saying.

(With inputs from agencies) 
&nbsp;

How do we know dinosaurs? As 3D models, toys, sculptures, animated movies, or even dinosaur costumes. What if they can be turned into robots? In what might look like science fiction, researchers are re-creating the biological mechanisms of long-extinct species with some help from robotics.

How do we know dinosaurs? As 3D models, toys, sculptures, animated movies, or even dinosaur costumes. What if they can be turned into robots? In what might look like science fiction, researchers are re-creating the biological mechanisms of long-extinct species with some help from robotics. The aim is to study the complex processes of evolution across millennia. Welcome to the world of 'paleo-inspired robotics,' a pioneering field of study that combines the prehistoric with the modern by animating extinct animals as robot models. While evolution took millions of years, engineering these robots can simulate this process in just a day, according to Dr Michael Ishida from the Cambridge University. Watch: Hungarian Scientists Develop Decentralised Drone Swarms × "With a couple lines of code or a new 3D-printed leg we can simulate those millions of years of evolution in a single day of engineering effort,” The Guardian quoted him as saying. As a start, the scientists led by Ishida are re-creating the movements of fossilised ancestors of fish. His team is studying how mudskippers evolved to walk on land using robotics. Also read: THIS 2,000-year-old temple is submerged underwater in Italy. It was featured in 'Indiana Jones' They are creating robots that can replicate the anatomy of mudskippers to understand the evolutionary pressures that made these animals come out of water. While engineers have traditionally built robots to mimic living animals, the focus of this study is towards reconstructing entire ancient species, the researchers noted in the journal Science Robotics. Also read: Oldest quasars ever observed in early universe are extremely lonely Such analysis of organisms would help in the understanding of locomotion, as the robots can operate in real environments as opposed to complex computer simulations and animation. How will it push science forward? The research will answer questions like how vertebrates moved from water to land, and how some dinosaurs developed the ability to fly, creating the ancestors of birds. “These robots can help us test hypotheses about the history of life,” Prof Steve Brusatte at the University of Edinburgh said. “It would be mesmerising to build a robot to, say, understand how giant dinosaurs walked and moved. But what is especially exciting to me is the potential of using robots to study major evolutionary transitions,” The Guardian quoted Brusatte, who is not part of the project, as saying. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists make robotic models of extinct animals to capture million-year evolution in single day

The human brain can process some sentence structures in as little as 125 milliseconds, a power that scientists did not know existed till now,&nbsp;dispelling the notion that we decipher sentences word by word.

Earlier theories have suggested that human brains process sentences by understanding the meaning of each word.

The recent&nbsp;study by New York University researchers led by Prof Liina Pylkkanen found that the participants&nbsp;were able to recognise familiar grammatical structures, similar to visual recognition, as in, how we identify our cars in parking lots.

Watch: Love Turns Pain Into Pleasure? New Study Reveals Why Some Crave Spicy Food

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To uncover this hitherto unknown brain power, the scientists studied 36 participants using a non-invasive brain scanning device.

They were shown brief sentences and were able to quickly and accurately understand those that had the standard subject-verb-object&nbsp;sequences.

First, a three-word starting sentence was flashed for 300 milliseconds, then a similar sentence, with one different word or order.

They were asked to indicate whether the sentences were identical.

The study found higher brain activity in the left-middle temporal cortex of the brains within 130 milliseconds when grammatically standard sentences were shown.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-key-part-of-womens-brains-is-shrinking-by-80-during-pregnancy-creating-permanent-etchings-study-759326">Also read: A key part of women's brains is shrinking by 80% during pregnancy, creating 'permanent etchings': Study</a> 
 
Comprehending lists that contained nouns, however, took a longer time, with&nbsp;activity in the left-middle temporal cortex 50ms slower.

Curiously enough, sentences were recognised faster even when they had grammar errors, or were implausible.

The researchers concluded that faster comprehension happens when one is familiar with sentence structures rather than meaning.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-find-12000-year-old-preserved-human-brain-resisting-decomposition-702201">Also read: Scientists find 12,000-year-old preserved human brains resisting decomposition</a> 
 
Published in Science Advances, the research findings show that at-a-glance language processing may have parallels with visual perception. In other words, we can 'see' whole sentences just like pictures, and comprehend their meaning without having to go through words sequentially.&nbsp;

The research was done in the English language. But similar dynamics may exist for other languages with their unique grammatical features, posit the researchers.

Prof Liina Pylkkanen, co-author of the study from New York University, said, “We don’t yet know exactly how this ultrafast structure detection is possible. 
 
"But the general hypothesis is that when something you perceive fits really well with what you know about – in this case, we’re talking about knowledge of the grammar – this top-down knowledge can help you identify the stimulus really fast," The Guardian quoted her as saying.

(With inputs from agencies)

The human brain can process some sentence structures in as little as 125 milliseconds, a power that scientists did not know existed till now, dispelling the notion that we decipher sentences word by word.

The human brain can process some sentence structures in as little as 125 milliseconds, a power that scientists did not know existed till now, dispelling the notion that we decipher sentences word by word. Earlier theories have suggested that human brains process sentences by understanding the meaning of each word. The recent study by New York University researchers led by Prof Liina Pylkkanen found that the participants were able to recognise familiar grammatical structures, similar to visual recognition, as in, how we identify our cars in parking lots. Watch: Love Turns Pain Into Pleasure? New Study Reveals Why Some Crave Spicy Food × To uncover this hitherto unknown brain power, the scientists studied 36 participants using a non-invasive brain scanning device. They were shown brief sentences and were able to quickly and accurately understand those that had the standard subject-verb-object sequences. First, a three-word starting sentence was flashed for 300 milliseconds, then a similar sentence, with one different word or order. They were asked to indicate whether the sentences were identical. The study found higher brain activity in the left-middle temporal cortex of the brains within 130 milliseconds when grammatically standard sentences were shown. Also read: A key part of women's brains is shrinking by 80% during pregnancy, creating 'permanent etchings': Study Comprehending lists that contained nouns, however, took a longer time, with activity in the left-middle temporal cortex 50ms slower. Curiously enough, sentences were recognised faster even when they had grammar errors, or were implausible. The researchers concluded that faster comprehension happens when one is familiar with sentence structures rather than meaning. Also read: Scientists find 12,000-year-old preserved human brains resisting decomposition Published in Science Advances, the research findings show that at-a-glance language processing may have parallels with visual perception. In other words, we can 'see' whole sentences just like pictures, and comprehend their meaning without having to go through words sequentially. The research was done in the English language. But similar dynamics may exist for other languages with their unique grammatical features, posit the researchers. Prof Liina Pylkkanen, co-author of the study from New York University, said, “We don’t yet know exactly how this ultrafast structure detection is possible. "But the general hypothesis is that when something you perceive fits really well with what you know about – in this case, we’re talking about knowledge of the grammar – this top-down knowledge can help you identify the stimulus really fast," The Guardian quoted her as saying. (With inputs from agencies)

Our brains can process full sentences in split-seconds, just like we see photos, says study

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