Physicists at ETH Zurich achieved perfect randomness using entanglement in quantum mechanics. The breakthrough is huge for cryptography, passwords, and security keys. 

Physicists achieve 'perfect randomness'. Here is why it matters

<p>A 15-year-old, Laurent Simons, at Antwerp University, Belgium have successfully defended his PhD thesis, last week. This is one of the earliest cases of the completion of a doctorate in the field. His work focused on the complex areas of the study, such as Bose polarons in superfluid and supersolid systems. These are the kind of topics that are explored in advanced stages of an academic career. Simons reportedly has an IQ of 145.</p><h2>Laurent Simons, Belgium's ‘Little Einstein’</h2><p>Born on December 26, 2009, Laurent Simons is also called &nbsp;‘Little Einstein'. He started his primary school journey at the age of four and finished at six. He completed his bachelor in electrical engineering before reaching the age of 10 from the Eindhoven University of Technology. He completed another Bachelor's in Physics from the University of Antwerp at the age of 12, ie, he completed six semesters in one year. He further completed a tailor-made Master of Science program in Antwerp in cooperation with universities in Israel, the UK, and the US. &nbsp;Reports suggest that Laurent has a photographic memory. In November 2022, he started working in a doctoral position in experimental physics at the Max Planck Institute in Munich. Simons said that he wants to start working on his goal to create superhumans.</p>

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<p>People heaped praises on Laurent "Congrats, Laurent, you are a genius, but don't forget you are a normal teen too, play and spend time with your teen friends! Be multi-dimensional! Travel, play, hang out." His parents, Alexander and Lydia, have been extremely cautious with him since his childhood, turning down offers from various technological institutes in China and the &nbsp;US. Laurent has also opened up about the experience that pushed him towards science, after losing his grandparents, his focus is on “extending life expectancy.” His approach aims to combine physics, chemistry, medicine and artificial intelligence.&nbsp;</p>

Laurent Simons, the 15-year-old Belgian prodigy known as “Little Einstein,” has successfully defended his PhD thesis on Bose polarons. With an IQ of 145, accelerated degrees, and a vision to create superhumans, his journey continues to inspire the world.

A 15-year-old, Laurent Simons, at Antwerp University, Belgium have successfully defended his PhD thesis, last week. This is one of the earliest cases of the completion of a doctorate in the field. His work focused on the complex areas of the study, such as Bose polarons in superfluid and supersolid systems. These are the kind of topics that are explored in advanced stages of an academic career. Simons reportedly has an IQ of 145. Laurent Simons, Belgium's ‘Little Einstein’ Born on December 26, 2009, Laurent Simons is also called ‘Little Einstein'. He started his primary school journey at the age of four and finished at six. He completed his bachelor in electrical engineering before reaching the age of 10 from the Eindhoven University of Technology. He completed another Bachelor's in Physics from the University of Antwerp at the age of 12, ie, he completed six semesters in one year. He further completed a tailor-made Master of Science program in Antwerp in cooperation with universities in Israel, the UK, and the US. Reports suggest that Laurent has a photographic memory. In November 2022, he started working in a doctoral position in experimental physics at the Max Planck Institute in Munich. Simons said that he wants to start working on his goal to create superhumans.

<p>Laurent Simons, the 15-year-old Belgian prodigy known as “Little Einstein,” has successfully defended his PhD thesis on Bose polarons. With an IQ of 145, accelerated degrees, and a vision to create superhumans, his journey continues to inspire the world.</p>

15-year-old child prodigy in Belgium completes PhD in Quantum Mechanics

<p>One of the most fundamental elements of the universe, time may not be real but an illusion created by quantum physics, suggests a new study.</p>

<p>The groundbreaking study shows time emerging from quantum entanglement- a weird connection between two very distinct particles.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Time has always been a tricky subject to define in Physics due to its inconsistent behaviour between the best universe theories available. Time has always led to a dead-end, preventing researchers from explaining all of the physics in the universe, what is called a “theory of everything.”</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/cryopreservation-the-rich-are-freezing-themselves-in-hopes-of-coming-back-to-life-in-the-future-740150">The rich are freezing themselves in hopes of coming back to life in the future</a></p>

<p>But the new study, published on May 10 in the journal Physical Review A, brings hope in solving this deadlock.</p>

<p>"There exists a way to introduce time which is consistent with both classical laws and quantum laws and is a manifestation of entanglement," first author Alessandro Coppo, a physicist at the National Research Council of Italy, told Live Science.</p>

<h2><strong>The problem of time</strong></h2>

<p>There are two theories on time- one in quantum mechanics and one illustrated by Einstein’s theory of general relativity.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In quantum mechanics, time is a fixed phenomenon with a&nbsp;unidirectional flow from the past to the present. It remains external from the ever-changing quantum systems it measures and can be seen only by observing changes to outside entities, such as the hands of a clock.</p>

<p>But to Einstein's theory of general relativity- time is interwoven with space and can be warped and dilated at high speeds or in the presence of gravity.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/dune-style-spacesuits-can-convert-urine-into-water-and-can-be-used-in-artemis-missions-740120">Arrakis-style spacesuits can convert urine into water within 5 minutes</a></p>

<p>This leaves our two best theories of reality at a fundamental impasse. Without its resolution, a coherent theory of everything remains out of reach.</p>

<p>"It seems there is a serious inconsistency in quantum theory," Coppo said. "This is what we call the problem of time."</p>

<h2><strong>Probable solution</strong></h2>

<p>To resolve this problem, the researchers turned to a theory called the Page and Wootters mechanism. First proposed in 1983, the theory suggests that time emerges for one object through its quantum entanglement with another acting as a clock. For an unentangled system, on the other hand, time does not exist, and the system perceives the universe as frozen and unchanging.&nbsp;</p>

<p>By applying this theory to two entangled but noninteracting theoretical quantum states — one a vibrating harmonic oscillator and the other a set of tiny magnets acting as a clock — the physicists found that their system could be perfectly described by the Schrödinger equation.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/boeing-starliner-is-facing-a-hot-doghouse-problem-and-nasa-is-working-to-fix-it-740082">A 'hot doghouse' problem is plaguing Boeing Starliner and NASA is working to fix it</a></p>

<p>They repeated their calculations twice, assuming first that the magnet clock and then the harmonic oscillator were macroscopic (larger) objects. Their equations simplified, suggesting that time's flow is a consequence of entanglement even for objects on large scales.</p>

<p>"We strongly believe that the correct and logical direction is to start from quantum physics and understand how to reach classical physics, not the other way around," Coppo said.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


One of the most fundamental elements of the universe, time may not be real but an illusion created by quantum physics, suggests a new study. The groundbreaking study shows time emerging from quantum entanglement- a weird connection between two very distinct particles.

One of the most fundamental elements of the universe, time may not be real but an illusion created by quantum physics, suggests a new study. The groundbreaking study shows time emerging from quantum entanglement- a weird connection between two very distinct particles. Time has always been a tricky subject to define in Physics due to its inconsistent behaviour between the best universe theories available. Time has always led to a dead-end, preventing researchers from explaining all of the physics in the universe, what is called a “theory of everything.” Also Read | The rich are freezing themselves in hopes of coming back to life in the future But the new study, published on May 10 in the journal Physical Review A, brings hope in solving this deadlock. "There exists a way to introduce time which is consistent with both classical laws and quantum laws and is a manifestation of entanglement," first author Alessandro Coppo, a physicist at the National Research Council of Italy, told Live Science. The problem of time There are two theories on time- one in quantum mechanics and one illustrated by Einstein’s theory of general relativity. In quantum mechanics, time is a fixed phenomenon with a unidirectional flow from the past to the present. It remains external from the ever-changing quantum systems it measures and can be seen only by observing changes to outside entities, such as the hands of a clock. But to Einstein's theory of general relativity- time is interwoven with space and can be warped and dilated at high speeds or in the presence of gravity. Also Read | Arrakis-style spacesuits can convert urine into water within 5 minutes This leaves our two best theories of reality at a fundamental impasse. Without its resolution, a coherent theory of everything remains out of reach. "It seems there is a serious inconsistency in quantum theory," Coppo said. "This is what we call the problem of time." Probable solution To resolve this problem, the researchers turned to a theory called the Page and Wootters mechanism. First proposed in 1983, the theory suggests that time emerges for one object through its quantum entanglement with another acting as a clock. For an unentangled system, on the other hand, time does not exist, and the system perceives the universe as frozen and unchanging. By applying this theory to two entangled but noninteracting theoretical quantum states — one a vibrating harmonic oscillator and the other a set of tiny magnets acting as a clock — the physicists found that their system could be perfectly described by the Schrödinger equation. Also Read | A 'hot doghouse' problem is plaguing Boeing Starliner and NASA is working to fix it They repeated their calculations twice, assuming first that the magnet clock and then the harmonic oscillator were macroscopic (larger) objects. Their equations simplified, suggesting that time's flow is a consequence of entanglement even for objects on large scales. "We strongly believe that the correct and logical direction is to start from quantum physics and understand how to reach classical physics, not the other way around," Coppo said. (With inputs from agencies)

Time may not be real, but an illusion created by quantum physics, study suggests

<p>The researchers from Princeton and Japanese scientists have uncovered a puzzling phenomenon within the realm of superconductivity. In their experiment, focused on ultrathin layers of insulating material, they observed the surprising "sudden death" of swirling quantum fluctuations at a critical transition point.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>What does it mean?</strong></h2>

<p>This unexpected behavior challenges current theories and holds the potential for groundbreaking insights into superconductivity.</p>

<p>Imagine a congested highway transforming into a frictionless superhighway. That's the gist of superconductivity, where electrons flow seamlessly with zero resistance.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-superconductivity-breakthrough-for-next-age-electrical-transmission-570740">Scientists achieve superconductivity breakthrough for next-age electrical transmission</a></strong></p>

<p>Physicists from Princeton University and the Japanese National Institute for Materials Science delved into this transition within a two-dimensional material, witnessing an unexpected occurrence.</p>

<p>As the material shifted from a normal, "traffic-jammed" state to a superconductor, the chaotic dance of quantum fluctuations abruptly disappeared.</p>

<p>This "sudden death" defies existing models of superconductivity, akin to a car teleporting across a highway instead of smoothly changing lanes.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Researchers are now working to revise their understanding and formulate new models that can account for this peculiar behavior.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Scientists claim superconductor breakthrough</strong></p>

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<p>The implications of this research extend beyond the study of superconductivity.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It promises to advance our comprehension of quantum physics in solids, opening new avenues for the exploration of quantum condensed matter physics.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The results, documented in the journal Nature Physics under the title "Unconventional Superconducting Quantum Criticality in Monolayer WTe2," reveal that the abrupt cessation of quantum mechanical fluctuations displays unique quantum behaviors and properties that challenge established theories.</p>

<p>Led by Sanfeng Wu, assistant professor of physics at Princeton University, the research not only challenges conventional wisdom in superconductivity but also sets the stage for a deeper understanding of quantum phenomena in various materials.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>What is the bottom line?</strong></h2>

<p>As scientists grapple with this unexpected "sudden death" of quantum fluctuations, the potential for transformative breakthroughs in the field becomes increasingly possible.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The researchers from Princeton and Japanese scientists have uncovered a puzzling phenomenon within the realm of superconductivity. In their experiment, focused on ultrathin layers of insulating material, they observed the surprising "sudden death" of swirling quantum fluctuations at a critical transition point.

The researchers from Princeton and Japanese scientists have uncovered a puzzling phenomenon within the realm of superconductivity. In their experiment, focused on ultrathin layers of insulating material, they observed the surprising "sudden death" of swirling quantum fluctuations at a critical transition point. What does it mean? This unexpected behavior challenges current theories and holds the potential for groundbreaking insights into superconductivity. Imagine a congested highway transforming into a frictionless superhighway. That's the gist of superconductivity, where electrons flow seamlessly with zero resistance. Also read | Scientists achieve superconductivity breakthrough for next-age electrical transmission Physicists from Princeton University and the Japanese National Institute for Materials Science delved into this transition within a two-dimensional material, witnessing an unexpected occurrence. As the material shifted from a normal, "traffic-jammed" state to a superconductor, the chaotic dance of quantum fluctuations abruptly disappeared. This "sudden death" defies existing models of superconductivity, akin to a car teleporting across a highway instead of smoothly changing lanes. Researchers are now working to revise their understanding and formulate new models that can account for this peculiar behavior. Also watch | Gravitas: Scientists claim superconductor breakthrough × The implications of this research extend beyond the study of superconductivity. It promises to advance our comprehension of quantum physics in solids, opening new avenues for the exploration of quantum condensed matter physics. The results, documented in the journal Nature Physics under the title "Unconventional Superconducting Quantum Criticality in Monolayer WTe2," reveal that the abrupt cessation of quantum mechanical fluctuations displays unique quantum behaviors and properties that challenge established theories. Led by Sanfeng Wu, assistant professor of physics at Princeton University, the research not only challenges conventional wisdom in superconductivity but also sets the stage for a deeper understanding of quantum phenomena in various materials. What is the bottom line? As scientists grapple with this unexpected "sudden death" of quantum fluctuations, the potential for transformative breakthroughs in the field becomes increasingly possible. (With inputs from agencies)

Superconductor mystery deepens after 'sudden death' of quantum fluctuations

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