US strikes on Iran nuclear sites new assessment: Out of the three Iranian nuclear sites hit by the US B2 bombers and Tomahawk missiles in June, only one - Fordow- was ‘mostly destroyed’ while the other two - Natanz and Isfahan - were less damaged. The latter two might still have the capability to resume nuclear enrichment within months if Iran chooses to do so. This is as per a new US assessment, as reported by NBC News on Thursday (July 17).<h2>How much were the Iranian nuclear sites damaged in US strikes?</h2>As per the US assessment, the Fordow uranium enrichment site was set back by as much as two years in the air strikes. The site, deeply buried in mountainous terrain, was hit with 30,000-pound bunker buster bombs or GBU-57s.But both Natanz and Isfahan have tunnels and facilities likely beyond the reach of GBU-57s, NBC report noted citing US officials.While surface targets at Isfahan were hit with Tomahawk missiles, GBU-57s were used at Natanz.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/fordow-was-just-the-beginning-new-iranian-site-twice-as-deep-as-fordow-1751042742463/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/fordow-was-just-the-beginning-new-iranian-site-twice-as-deep-as-fordow-1751042742463/embed</a>&nbsp;In the June strike that ended the 12-day war between Israel and Iran, Fordow site's work was significantly set back, said the assessment which was given to US lawmakers, defence department officials, and allied countries, reported NBC.The US strikes reportedly 'buried most enriched uranium' at Isfahan and Fordow, making extraction and enrichment difficult, as per the NBC report.&nbsp; Israel, which believes that some highly enriched uranium remains buried but is effectively unreachable, has threatened new strikes if Iran tries to recover it.Iran’s air defences were largely destroyed, making future strikes easier, as per the assessment.&nbsp;“It was made clear that Iran no longer has any more [air defences], so the idea that they can easily rebuild anything is ludicrous,” the NBC report quoted one official as saying.<h2>The plan was to strike six sites</h2>According to the report, the US Central Command had a plan as early as 2023 to strike Iranian nuclear sites. That plan was more extensive than what finally came about this June. It was to strike six sites over several weeks, deploying air defences and missile capabilities. But President Donald Trump rejected the plan. “We were willing to go all the way in our options, but the president did not want to,” the NBC report quoted an official as saying, as Trump preferred to avoid prolonged conflicts and high casualties on both sides.<h2>Iran nuclear site attacks: Official messaging and reality continue to differ</h2>The extent of damage to Iranian sites following the US strikes has been a major issue of debate inside and outside the US.&nbsp;Soon after the strikes, Trump called the operation 'a spectacular military success' and claimed that Iran’s key enrichment facilities were "completely and totally obliterated.”&nbsp; CIA Director John Ratcliffe claimed that the metal conversion facility at Natanz was “destroyed to the point that it would take years to rebuild.”&nbsp; But soon, various intelligence assessments gave more qualified descriptions, with the latest pointing towards significant damage to Fordow but less to Natanz and Isfahan.<h2>More strikes on Iran nuclear sites can't be ruled out</h2>The report said that the US and Israeli governments are still discussing more strikes in future on the less-damaged sites if Iran rebuilds them. If Iran rebuilds its nuclear programme or refuses to restart negotiations on it, the US could again enter the conflict.

Israel, which believes that some highly enriched uranium remains buried but is effectively unreachable, has threatened new strikes if Iran tries to recover it.

US strikes on Iran nuclear sites new assessment: Out of the three Iranian nuclear sites hit by the US B2 bombers and Tomahawk missiles in June, only one - Fordow- was ‘mostly destroyed’ while the other two - Natanz and Isfahan - were less damaged. The latter two might still have the capability to resume nuclear enrichment within months if Iran chooses to do so. This is as per a new US assessment, as reported by NBC News on Thursday (July 17). How much were the Iranian nuclear sites damaged in US strikes? As per the US assessment, the Fordow uranium enrichment site was set back by as much as two years in the air strikes. The site, deeply buried in mountainous terrain, was hit with 30,000-pound bunker buster bombs or GBU-57s. But both Natanz and Isfahan have tunnels and facilities likely beyond the reach of GBU-57s, NBC report noted citing US officials. While surface targets at Isfahan were hit with Tomahawk missiles, GBU-57s were used at Natanz. https://www.wionews.com/videos/fordow-was-just-the-beginning-new-iranian-site-twice-as-deep-as-fordow-1751042742463/embed In the June strike that ended the 12-day war between Israel and Iran, Fordow site's work was significantly set back, said the assessment which was given to US lawmakers, defence department officials, and allied countries, reported NBC. The US strikes reportedly 'buried most enriched uranium' at Isfahan and Fordow, making extraction and enrichment difficult, as per the NBC report. Israel, which believes that some highly enriched uranium remains buried but is effectively unreachable, has threatened new strikes if Iran tries to recover it. Iran’s air defences were largely destroyed, making future strikes easier, as per the assessment. “It was made clear that Iran no longer has any more [air defences], so the idea that they can easily rebuild anything is ludicrous,” the NBC report quoted one official as saying. The plan was to strike six sites According to the report, the US Central Command had a plan as early as 2023 to strike Iranian nuclear sites. That plan was more extensive than what finally came about this June. It was to strike six sites over several weeks, deploying air defences and missile capabilities. But President Donald Trump rejected the plan. “We were willing to go all the way in our options, but the president did not want to,” the NBC report quoted an official as saying, as Trump preferred to avoid prolonged conflicts and high casualties on both sides. Iran nuclear site attacks: Official messaging and reality continue to differ The extent of damage to Iranian sites following the US strikes has been a major issue of debate inside and outside the US. Soon after the strikes, Trump called the operation 'a spectacular military success' and claimed that Iran’s key enrichment facilities were "completely and totally obliterated.” CIA Director John Ratcliffe claimed that the metal conversion facility at Natanz was “destroyed to the point that it would take years to rebuild.” But soon, various intelligence assessments gave more qualified descriptions, with the latest pointing towards significant damage to Fordow but less to Natanz and Isfahan. More strikes on Iran nuclear sites can't be ruled out The report said that the US and Israeli governments are still discussing more strikes in future on the less-damaged sites if Iran rebuilds them. If Iran rebuilds its nuclear programme or refuses to restart negotiations on it, the US could again enter the conflict.

Israel, which believes that some highly enriched uranium remains buried but is effectively unreachable, has threatened new strikes if Iran tries to recover it.

B2 bombers failed? Only 1 out of 3 Iranian nuclear sites hit by US suffered. Fordow ‘mostly destroyed,’ Natanz and Isfahan were…

The US bunker-buster bombs deployed through B-2 stealth bombers attacked three Iranian nuclear facilities last weekend amid the Israel-Iran war, but shockingly, the United States was the one that provided Tehran with the seeds of nuclear technology. It all goes back to the 1960s, the US shipped the Tehran Research Reactor to Iran, as part of the “Atoms for Peace” program.First, the US did this under the tag of "peace", but decades later, the US warplanes attacked Iran's nuclear sites, including Natanz, Isfahan, and Fordow as it sees it as a threat now.<h2>Atoms of Peace</h2>Then US President Dwight D Eisenhower launched the "Atoms of Peace" programme, to share civilian technology with allies. At that time, Iran was ruled by Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The country was a model Cold War partner, secular and eager to modernise. &nbsp;The US introduced Iran with nuclear technology as it installed the Tehran Research Reactor, training Iranian scientists at elite institutions like MIT, and encouraging partnerships with European allies.For the US, it was nothing more than a strategy to extend influence, contain Soviet power and show the "benevolent" use of atomic energy. But, little did it know, that it created an entire ecosystem of nuclear capacity inside Iran.Robert Einhorn, a former US arms control negotiator and now a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, said, "We gave Iran its starter kit. We weren't terribly concerned about nuclear proliferation in those days, so we were pretty promiscuous about transferring nuclear technology."However, the reactor does not contribute to Iran's enrichment of uranium, the arduous process that is a key process in making nuclear bombs. Moreover, it runs on nuclear fuel which is far too weak to even power a bomb.Years later, it became an object of national pride for Iran and a potential source of military power.But Iran which got the reactor in 1967 was very different from what it has become now. Then, it was led by a monarch, or shah, who was a Swiss-educated aristocrat. Pahlavi wanted to modernise his country and make it a world power but with America's support. He even banned the women's veil and promoted modern art.But it didn't take much time for Shah to talk about Iran's "right" to produce nuclear fuel at home, something that can also be applied to nuclear weapons development.But as the US showed concern and objected, Pahlavi turned to other nations for nuclear assistance, including Germany and South Africa.<h2>US stopped delivering reactors</h2>In 1978, the Carter administration raised concerns and insisted that an Iranian contract to purchase eight American reactors be amended. It then restricted Iran from reprocessing without permission. Then, the US never delivered reactors.When the Islamic Revolution happened in 1979, it created hatred for America and support for the Shah. Iran’s new clerical rulers, led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, initially showed little interest in continuing an expensive project associated with the Shah and Western powers.But later in the 1980s after an eight-year war with Iraq, Ayatollah Khameini reconsidered how much nuclear technology is needed and it turned to Pakistan. The Pakistani scientist and nuclear black marketeer Abdul Qadeer Khan sold Iran centrifuges to enrich uranium to bomb-grade levels of purity.<h2>The real reason</h2>Gary Samore, the top White House nuclear official in the Clinton and Obama administrations said that Iran acquiring centrifuges was the main reason its nuclear program escalated into a global issue.“Iran’s enrichment program is not the result of U.S. assistance,” Samore said. “The Iranians got their centrifuge technology from Pakistan, and they have developed their centrifuges based on that Pakistani technology — which itself was based on European designs.”But even after years, the issue remains unsolved between Iran and the US. Today, Trump announced that the US will be holding fresh talks with Iran next week, with a possible nuclear agreement on the table. This comes a day after Israel-Iran agreed to a ceasefire after a 12-day war.&nbsp;

The US did this under the tag of "peace", but decades later, the US warplanes attacked Iran's nuclear sites, including Natanz, Isfahan, and Fordow as it sees it as a threat now.

The US bunker-buster bombs deployed through B-2 stealth bombers attacked three Iranian nuclear facilities last weekend amid the Israel-Iran war, but shockingly, the United States was the one that provided Tehran with the seeds of nuclear technology. It all goes back to the 1960s, the US shipped the Tehran Research Reactor to Iran, as part of the “Atoms for Peace” program. First, the US did this under the tag of "peace", but decades later, the US warplanes attacked Iran's nuclear sites, including Natanz, Isfahan, and Fordow as it sees it as a threat now. Atoms of Peace Then US President Dwight D Eisenhower launched the "Atoms of Peace" programme, to share civilian technology with allies. At that time, Iran was ruled by Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The country was a model Cold War partner, secular and eager to modernise. The US introduced Iran with nuclear technology as it installed the Tehran Research Reactor, training Iranian scientists at elite institutions like MIT, and encouraging partnerships with European allies. For the US, it was nothing more than a strategy to extend influence, contain Soviet power and show the "benevolent" use of atomic energy. But, little did it know, that it created an entire ecosystem of nuclear capacity inside Iran. Robert Einhorn, a former US arms control negotiator and now a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, said, "We gave Iran its starter kit. We weren't terribly concerned about nuclear proliferation in those days, so we were pretty promiscuous about transferring nuclear technology." However, the reactor does not contribute to Iran's enrichment of uranium, the arduous process that is a key process in making nuclear bombs. Moreover, it runs on nuclear fuel which is far too weak to even power a bomb. Years later, it became an object of national pride for Iran and a potential source of military power. But Iran which got the reactor in 1967 was very different from what it has become now. Then, it was led by a monarch, or shah, who was a Swiss-educated aristocrat. Pahlavi wanted to modernise his country and make it a world power but with America's support. He even banned the women's veil and promoted modern art. But it didn't take much time for Shah to talk about Iran's "right" to produce nuclear fuel at home, something that can also be applied to nuclear weapons development. But as the US showed concern and objected, Pahlavi turned to other nations for nuclear assistance, including Germany and South Africa. US stopped delivering reactors In 1978, the Carter administration raised concerns and insisted that an Iranian contract to purchase eight American reactors be amended. It then restricted Iran from reprocessing without permission. Then, the US never delivered reactors. When the Islamic Revolution happened in 1979, it created hatred for America and support for the Shah. Iran’s new clerical rulers, led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, initially showed little interest in continuing an expensive project associated with the Shah and Western powers. But later in the 1980s after an eight-year war with Iraq, Ayatollah Khameini reconsidered how much nuclear technology is needed and it turned to Pakistan. The Pakistani scientist and nuclear black marketeer Abdul Qadeer Khan sold Iran centrifuges to enrich uranium to bomb-grade levels of purity. The real reason Gary Samore, the top White House nuclear official in the Clinton and Obama administrations said that Iran acquiring centrifuges was the main reason its nuclear program escalated into a global issue. “Iran’s enrichment program is not the result of U.S. assistance,” Samore said. “The Iranians got their centrifuge technology from Pakistan, and they have developed their centrifuges based on that Pakistani technology — which itself was based on European designs.” But even after years, the issue remains unsolved between Iran and the US. Today, Trump announced that the US will be holding fresh talks with Iran next week, with a possible nuclear agreement on the table. This comes a day after Israel-Iran agreed to a ceasefire after a 12-day war.

The US did this under the tag of "peace", but decades later, the US warplanes attacked Iran's nuclear sites, including Natanz, Isfahan, and Fordow as it sees it as a threat now.

US introduced Iran with nuclear technology in 1960s — Then attacked it with B-2 bombers 65 years later | WION EXPLAINS

US President Donald Trump has repeatedly warned that Iran must not acquire nuclear weapons. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu shares this view, recently calling Israel’s surprise strikes on Iran a “pre-emptive measure” to prevent Tehran from developing an atomic bomb.Iran denies any intention of building nuclear arms and insists its programme is for peaceful use. It is a signatory to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which forbids non-nuclear states from acquiring such weapons and allows the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to inspect nuclear activities.Ironically, Israel is one of nine nations believed to have nuclear weapons, despite never officially confirming it.Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/israel-iran-war-how-did-iran-breach-israel-s-iron-dome-tel-aviv-s-air-defence-shield-has-cracks-and-tehran-is-exploiting-them-1750239971013">Israel-Iran war: How did Iran breach Israel’s Iron Dome? Tel Aviv’s air defence shield has cracks and Tehran is exploiting them</a><h2>How many nuclear weapons does Israel have?</h2>Estimates suggest Israel holds around 90 nuclear warheads and enough materials to build many more. Among the nine nuclear powers, Israel is thought to have the second-smallest arsenal, only ahead of North Korea.These warheads are believed to be deployable by land, sea and air. Israel’s F-15, F-16 and F-35 aircraft can be modified to carry nuclear bombs. Six Dolphin-class submarines, built in Germany, are suspected to have nuclear missile capabilities. On land, the Jericho ballistic missile series can travel up to 4,000 km, with about two dozen possibly capable of carrying nuclear warheads.Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/israel-iran-war-how-did-iran-get-american-f-14-tomcats-fighter-jet-and-why-is-it-still-flying-them-years-after-us-retired-them-1750260034881">Israel-Iran war: How did Iran get American F-14 'Tomcats' fighter jet, and why is it still flying them years after US&nbsp;retired&nbsp;them?</a><h2>How it all began: From Holocaust trauma to nuclear resolve</h2>Israel’s nuclear journey began shortly after the state’s founding in 1948. By 1952, the Israel Atomic Energy Commission was formed. Its first chair, Ernst David Bergmann, stated that a nuclear bomb would ensure that “we shall never again be led as lambs to the slaughter.”In 1958, Israel started constructing a secret facility in Dimona, in the Negev desert. French assistance played a crucial role, providing key technology and aiding the construction of a plutonium reprocessing plant. The cooperation was largely driven by a mutual distrust of Egypt’s then-president, Gamal Abdel Nasser.At the time, even the United States didn’t know what was really happening in Dimona.<h2>The elaborate deception</h2>Facing pressure from Washington, Israeli Prime Minister David Ben Gurion told the Knesset in 1960 that Dimona was just a “research reactor” for peaceful purposes. US inspectors were allowed to visit between 1961 and 1969, but parts of the site were carefully hidden. Walls were faked, elevators concealed, and a crucial underground separation plant was kept secret.Despite these inspections, Israel reportedly completed its separation plant by 1965, began producing weapons-grade plutonium by 1966, and had a working nuclear weapon by the Six-Day War in 1967.<h2>The Nixon-Meir understanding of 1969</h2>By the late 1960s, the US had realised Dimona’s real purpose. In 1969, President Richard Nixon and Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir reached a deal: the US would not interfere as long as Israel kept its nuclear programme quiet.This unofficial pact, often referred to as the Nixon-Meir deal, remains in effect. Israel continues to maintain a policy of “nuclear ambiguity,” refusing to confirm or deny possession of nuclear weapons. In turn, US administrations have avoided public comment on the matter.<h2>Did Israel ever test a nuclear weapon?</h2>Israel is the only nuclear state that hasn’t openly tested a bomb. However, in 1979, a double flash of light, characteristic of a nuclear explosion, was detected over the South Atlantic. Some believe it was a joint Israeli-South African test.Former US President Jimmy Carter later wrote, “We have a growing belief among our scientists that the Israelis did indeed conduct a nuclear test explosion.”<h2>The whistleblower who revealed Dimona</h2>In 1986, Mordechai Vanunu, a former nuclear technician, leaked details of Israel’s nuclear programme to The Sunday Times. He claimed Dimona could produce enough plutonium for up to 12 bombs a year and shared 60 photographs of the facility.Before the story was published, Vanunu was lured to Rome by a Mossad agent, drugged, and secretly flown back to Israel. He was later sentenced to 18 years in prison, much of it in solitary confinement. Even after his release in 2004, he remains under strict restrictions, including a ban on speaking to foreign journalists.<h2>Israel’s nuclear strategy: The Samson Option</h2>Israel has never made its nuclear doctrine public. Prime Minister Netanyahu has said, “That’s our policy. Not to be the first to introduce nuclear weapons into the Middle East.”Experts suggest Israel would only use nuclear weapons in an extreme “last resort” scenario. This approach is known as the “Samson Option”, a reference to the biblical figure who brought down a temple on himself and his enemies when facing death.Unlike the Cold War strategy of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), the Samson Option implies Israel could act alone if it believes its survival is at stake, even if the threat comes from a non-nuclear power.Hints at nuclear capability are rare but not absent. In 2016, Netanyahu said, “Our submarine fleet acts as a deterrent to our enemies.” In 2023, Israel’s heritage minister briefly suggested that dropping a nuclear bomb on Gaza was “an option,” later calling the remark “metaphorical.”

Estimates suggest Israel holds around 90 nuclear warheads and enough materials to build many more. Among the nine nuclear powers, Israel is thought to have the second-smallest arsenal, only ahead of North Korea.

US President Donald Trump has repeatedly warned that Iran must not acquire nuclear weapons. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu shares this view, recently calling Israel’s surprise strikes on Iran a “pre-emptive measure” to prevent Tehran from developing an atomic bomb. Iran denies any intention of building nuclear arms and insists its programme is for peaceful use. It is a signatory to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which forbids non-nuclear states from acquiring such weapons and allows the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to inspect nuclear activities. Ironically, Israel is one of nine nations believed to have nuclear weapons, despite never officially confirming it. Also read: Israel-Iran war: How did Iran breach Israel’s Iron Dome? Tel Aviv’s air defence shield has cracks and Tehran is exploiting them How many nuclear weapons does Israel have? Estimates suggest Israel holds around 90 nuclear warheads and enough materials to build many more. Among the nine nuclear powers, Israel is thought to have the second-smallest arsenal, only ahead of North Korea. These warheads are believed to be deployable by land, sea and air. Israel’s F-15, F-16 and F-35 aircraft can be modified to carry nuclear bombs. Six Dolphin-class submarines, built in Germany, are suspected to have nuclear missile capabilities. On land, the Jericho ballistic missile series can travel up to 4,000 km, with about two dozen possibly capable of carrying nuclear warheads. Also read: Israel-Iran war: How did Iran get American F-14 'Tomcats' fighter jet, and why is it still flying them years after US retired them? How it all began: From Holocaust trauma to nuclear resolve Israel’s nuclear journey began shortly after the state’s founding in 1948. By 1952, the Israel Atomic Energy Commission was formed. Its first chair, Ernst David Bergmann, stated that a nuclear bomb would ensure that “we shall never again be led as lambs to the slaughter.” In 1958, Israel started constructing a secret facility in Dimona, in the Negev desert. French assistance played a crucial role, providing key technology and aiding the construction of a plutonium reprocessing plant. The cooperation was largely driven by a mutual distrust of Egypt’s then-president, Gamal Abdel Nasser. At the time, even the United States didn’t know what was really happening in Dimona. The elaborate deception Facing pressure from Washington, Israeli Prime Minister David Ben Gurion told the Knesset in 1960 that Dimona was just a “research reactor” for peaceful purposes. US inspectors were allowed to visit between 1961 and 1969, but parts of the site were carefully hidden. Walls were faked, elevators concealed, and a crucial underground separation plant was kept secret. Despite these inspections, Israel reportedly completed its separation plant by 1965, began producing weapons-grade plutonium by 1966, and had a working nuclear weapon by the Six-Day War in 1967. The Nixon-Meir understanding of 1969 By the late 1960s, the US had realised Dimona’s real purpose. In 1969, President Richard Nixon and Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir reached a deal: the US would not interfere as long as Israel kept its nuclear programme quiet. This unofficial pact, often referred to as the Nixon-Meir deal, remains in effect. Israel continues to maintain a policy of “nuclear ambiguity,” refusing to confirm or deny possession of nuclear weapons. In turn, US administrations have avoided public comment on the matter. Did Israel ever test a nuclear weapon? Israel is the only nuclear state that hasn’t openly tested a bomb. However, in 1979, a double flash of light, characteristic of a nuclear explosion, was detected over the South Atlantic. Some believe it was a joint Israeli-South African test. Former US President Jimmy Carter later wrote, “We have a growing belief among our scientists that the Israelis did indeed conduct a nuclear test explosion.” The whistleblower who revealed Dimona In 1986, Mordechai Vanunu, a former nuclear technician, leaked details of Israel’s nuclear programme to The Sunday Times. He claimed Dimona could produce enough plutonium for up to 12 bombs a year and shared 60 photographs of the facility. Before the story was published, Vanunu was lured to Rome by a Mossad agent, drugged, and secretly flown back to Israel. He was later sentenced to 18 years in prison, much of it in solitary confinement. Even after his release in 2004, he remains under strict restrictions, including a ban on speaking to foreign journalists. Israel’s nuclear strategy: The Samson Option Israel has never made its nuclear doctrine public. Prime Minister Netanyahu has said, “That’s our policy. Not to be the first to introduce nuclear weapons into the Middle East.” Experts suggest Israel would only use nuclear weapons in an extreme “last resort” scenario. This approach is known as the “Samson Option”, a reference to the biblical figure who brought down a temple on himself and his enemies when facing death. Unlike the Cold War strategy of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), the Samson Option implies Israel could act alone if it believes its survival is at stake, even if the threat comes from a non-nuclear power. Hints at nuclear capability are rare but not absent. In 2016, Netanyahu said, “Our submarine fleet acts as a deterrent to our enemies.” In 2023, Israel’s heritage minister briefly suggested that dropping a nuclear bomb on Gaza was “an option,” later calling the remark “metaphorical.”

Estimates suggest Israel holds around 90 nuclear warheads and enough materials to build many more. Among the nine nuclear powers, Israel is thought to have the second-smallest arsenal, only ahead of North Korea.

Israel-Iran war: How Israel built nuclear weapons and kept them a secret for decades? The elaborate deception that fooled the US and world

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B2 bombers failed? Only 1 out of 3 Iranian nuclear sites hit by US suffered. Fordow ‘mostly destroyed,’ Natanz and Isfahan were…

US introduced Iran with nuclear tech in 1960s — Then attacked it 65 years later

Israel-Iran war: How Israel built nuclear weapons and kept them a secret?