Researchers have warned that overfishing could threaten the world’s supply of essential vitamins and minerals gained from fisheries.&nbsp;

Globally, 1 billion people rely on fish and seafood as their primary source of protein. Also, fish is a key source of micronutrients.&nbsp;

Overfishing and the climate crisis are two of the most prominent threats to marine life. They affect the size, distribution and abundance of the marine species globally.

In order to determine how these growing pressures influence the nutritional contribution of global fisheries, a team of researchers led by Lancaster University combined data on the micronutrient content of species with a vulnerability index. This indicates species' susceptibility to climate change and overfishing.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/despite-recent-recovery-great-barrier-reef-may-not-be-able-to-survive-climate-change-398988">Also read |&nbsp;Despite recent recovery, Great Barrier Reef may not be able to survive climate change</a>

Also, the researchers applied these metrics to more than 800 fish species across 157 countries.

Dr Eva Maire, a senior research associate at Lancaster University and lead author of the study was quoted by The Guardian saying, "When we look at the country level, climate change is the most pervasive threat to the supply of vital micronutrients, and in particular in the tropics".&nbsp;

It was concluded that in just 40 per cent of the countries which were studied, fisheries are highly vulnerable to climate change, threatening food security for millions of people.&nbsp; 
Maire explained, "A key reason for why climate change is such a threat comes down to the species of fish that these countries are targeting as part of the catches".&nbsp;

Researchers have warned that overfishing could threaten the world’s supply of essential vitamins and minerals gained from fisheries. Globally, 1 billion people rely on fish and seafood as their primary source of protein.

Researchers have warned that overfishing could threaten the world’s supply of essential vitamins and minerals gained from fisheries. Globally, 1 billion people rely on fish and seafood as their primary source of protein. Also, fish is a key source of micronutrients. Overfishing and the climate crisis are two of the most prominent threats to marine life. They affect the size, distribution and abundance of the marine species globally. In order to determine how these growing pressures influence the nutritional contribution of global fisheries, a team of researchers led by Lancaster University combined data on the micronutrient content of species with a vulnerability index. This indicates species' susceptibility to climate change and overfishing. Also read | Despite recent recovery, Great Barrier Reef may not be able to survive climate change Also, the researchers applied these metrics to more than 800 fish species across 157 countries. Dr Eva Maire, a senior research associate at Lancaster University and lead author of the study was quoted by The Guardian saying, "When we look at the country level, climate change is the most pervasive threat to the supply of vital micronutrients, and in particular in the tropics". It was concluded that in just 40 per cent of the countries which were studied, fisheries are highly vulnerable to climate change, threatening food security for millions of people. Maire explained, "A key reason for why climate change is such a threat comes down to the species of fish that these countries are targeting as part of the catches".

Climate crisis, overfishing threaten access to nutrients in fish

Dressed in South Korea's traditional costume 'Hanbok', two divers at a Seoul aquarium made New Year bows to visitors from underwater on Sunday (January 3).

Divers in 'Hanbok' send underwater New Year greeting from Seoul aquarium

Ever seen an octopus punching a fish? Turns out, it happens in nature more often than you think. And no, octopuses don’t do it to always serve a purpose. Sometimes, it’s simply out of… spite!

A new research published in “Ecology” documents octopuses punching fish during collaborative feeding sessions.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/an-arrow-went-through-this-deers-head-and-it-is-still-alive-350668" hreflang="en">An arrow went through this deer's head and it is still alive</a>

During food sessions, authors of the research found that octopuses were punching fishes to prevent exploitation and to ensure collaboration.&nbsp;

But they also found that in many instances, octopuses were punching fishes for no reason at all, implying they did it simply because they wanted to. Or perhaps it points to a behaviour we don’t yet understand.

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Octopuses and fishes are known to hunt together, taking advantage of the other's morphology and hunting strategy. Since multiple partners join, this creates a complex network where investment and pay-off can be unbalanced, giving rise to partner control mechanisms. <a href="https://twitter.com/SimonGingins?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@SimonGingins</a> <a href="https://t.co/MEyyaIZaxO">pic.twitter.com/MEyyaIZaxO</a>
— Eduardo Sampaio (@OctoEduardo) <a href="https://twitter.com/OctoEduardo/status/1340076667696533511?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 18, 2020</a></blockquote>
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The researchers were able to document eight distinct events whereby the octopuses were punching fish. These were documented in the Red Sea between 2018-2019 off the coastal regions of Israel and Egypt.

According to the paper, the octopuses put forward a swift “explosive” motion with an arm stretching especially towards a fish, akin to what humans would call punching.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/from-predator-to-prey-pythons-to-become-a-menu-item-in-florida-351301" hreflang="en">From predator to prey: Pythons to become a menu item in Florida</a>

Its victims included the following fishes: Tailspot squirrelfish, black tip, yellow-saddle, and Red Sea goatfishes. The researchers did not completely understand the punching process, but did find that it serves an important purpose in interactions among species.

Many species hunt for food together. Perhaps octopuses and fishes do too, taking advantage of each other’s morphology and what they bring to the table in terms of hunting capability.

However, with a number of fishes involved, it creates a complicated network where an unbalance of sorts may be seen. And this is perhaps why octopuses treat fishes like scum - simply to control and keep the relationship balanced.

Ever seen an octopus punching a fish? Turns out, it happens in nature more often than you think. And no, octopuses don’t do it to always serve a purpose. Sometimes, it’s simply out of… spite!

Ever seen an octopus punching a fish? Turns out, it happens in nature more often than you think. And no, octopuses don’t do it to always serve a purpose. Sometimes, it’s simply out of… spite! A new research published in “Ecology” documents octopuses punching fish during collaborative feeding sessions. Also read: An arrow went through this deer's head and it is still alive During food sessions, authors of the research found that octopuses were punching fishes to prevent exploitation and to ensure collaboration. But they also found that in many instances, octopuses were punching fishes for no reason at all, implying they did it simply because they wanted to. Or perhaps it points to a behaviour we don’t yet understand. Octopuses and fishes are known to hunt together, taking advantage of the other's morphology and hunting strategy. Since multiple partners join, this creates a complex network where investment and pay-off can be unbalanced, giving rise to partner control mechanisms. @SimonGingins pic.twitter.com/MEyyaIZaxO — Eduardo Sampaio (@OctoEduardo) December 18, 2020 × The researchers were able to document eight distinct events whereby the octopuses were punching fish. These were documented in the Red Sea between 2018-2019 off the coastal regions of Israel and Egypt. According to the paper, the octopuses put forward a swift “explosive” motion with an arm stretching especially towards a fish, akin to what humans would call punching. Also read: From predator to prey: Pythons to become a menu item in Florida Its victims included the following fishes: Tailspot squirrelfish, black tip, yellow-saddle, and Red Sea goatfishes. The researchers did not completely understand the punching process, but did find that it serves an important purpose in interactions among species. Many species hunt for food together. Perhaps octopuses and fishes do too, taking advantage of each other’s morphology and what they bring to the table in terms of hunting capability. However, with a number of fishes involved, it creates a complicated network where an unbalance of sorts may be seen. And this is perhaps why octopuses treat fishes like scum - simply to control and keep the relationship balanced.

Research finds octopuses punch fish, but why?

Scientists in Hungary have "accidently" bred a new hybrid of the two endangered fish, called the sturddlefish. This hybrid came into existence after scientists experimented with American paddlefish and Russian sturgeon.&nbsp;

The Russian sturgeon is commonly known for its eggs as they are sold by high-end caviar, whereas, the &nbsp;American paddlefish has a long snout, and can only be found in half of the US. Both of them are known as "fossil fish" for their ancient lineage and a slow evolution.&nbsp;

Both these species critically endangered and are close to being extinct. Scientists are trying to breed these paddlefish in captivity.&nbsp;

The researchers accidentally used paddlefish sperm to fertilize the sturgeon eggs via gynogenesis (a method of asexual reproduction that requires the presence of sperm without the contribution of their DNA for completion). And the hybridization worked giving birth to a whole new species.&nbsp;

The 'new' fish hatched from the eggs and the researchers separated them into two groups.&nbsp;

Scientist Attila Mozsar, along with other scientists were writing about their findings in a study published in the scientific journal Genes this month.

The study marked the first successful hybridization between these two species. "We never wanted to play around with hybridization," Mozsár told The New York Times. "It was absolutely unintentional."

Scientists in Hungary have "accidently" bred a new hybrid of the two endangered fish, called the sturddlefish. This hybrid came into existence after scientists experimented with American paddlefish and Russian sturgeon.

Scientists in Hungary have "accidently" bred a new hybrid of the two endangered fish, called the sturddlefish. This hybrid came into existence after scientists experimented with American paddlefish and Russian sturgeon. The Russian sturgeon is commonly known for its eggs as they are sold by high-end caviar, whereas, the American paddlefish has a long snout, and can only be found in half of the US. Both of them are known as "fossil fish" for their ancient lineage and a slow evolution. Both these species critically endangered and are close to being extinct. Scientists are trying to breed these paddlefish in captivity. The researchers accidentally used paddlefish sperm to fertilize the sturgeon eggs via gynogenesis (a method of asexual reproduction that requires the presence of sperm without the contribution of their DNA for completion). And the hybridization worked giving birth to a whole new species. The 'new' fish hatched from the eggs and the researchers separated them into two groups. Scientist Attila Mozsar, along with other scientists were writing about their findings in a study published in the scientific journal Genes this month. The study marked the first successful hybridization between these two species. "We never wanted to play around with hybridization," Mozsár told The New York Times. "It was absolutely unintentional."

Sturddlefish: Scientists in Hungary accidentally create hybrid fish

Each year around 12 million tons of plastic waste is dumped into the world's oceans, polluting the water, killing wildlife and creating microplastics that enter the food chain.

The Battle Against Ocean Plastic

&nbspSome Rohingya refugees who fled from Myanmar are finding work in the fishing industry in neighbouring Bangladesh, earning a tiny daily income and occasional share of the catch, all under the official radar.

The Shamlapur refugee camp, near a fishing colony on one of the world's longest beaches, is home to about 10,000 Rohingya refugees, aid groups say, many driven out of Myanmar's Rakhine State by sectarian violence last year.

"We saved our lives by escaping here, so we are happy to be here," said Mohammed Yosuf, 20, who works as a fisherman, earning about 200 or 300 taka ($1.20 to $3.60) for each five-day trip.

Yosuf said he fled with his wife, Sobora Khatun, who was nine months' pregnant when they escaped after two months shackled in captivity. Their three-year-old son drowned in a river crossing, but baby daughter Rukia was born safely.

They are among nearly 700,000 Rohingya Muslims who fled a military crackdown, the United Nations and human rights groups say, almost all of them winding up in makeshift camps around the southern district of Cox's Bazar.

Although the refugees cannot work legally, some find jobs on fishing boats or help push them out to sea. The vessels are similar to the craft that carried thousands of Rohingya across the waters to Bangladesh.

Others in the camp earn money by shattering ice blocks to preserve the catch in the searing heat, mending nets or repairing boats.

Two in five Rohingyas depend on a family member with an informal job in Shamlapur, while one in 20 rely on financial assistance from a family member abroad, a survey by migration research group the Exchange Foundation shows.

"Rohingyas in Shamlapur are mostly living in makeshift accommodation and are only occasionally engaged in (illegal and seasonal) gainful employment," the group said in March.

Some Rohingya women have found work drying fish at a yard in nearby Nazirartek, for a daily takehome of 100 taka to 200 taka ($1.20 to $2.40).

"I was wounded by a sword to my face," said Hasina Begum, 30, describing how she fled her home.

"Then I lost consciousness and I was lying on the ground and some of my neighbours took me to the boat and we crossed the river to the Bangladesh border," said Hasina, who battles pain and memory difficulties after losing the sight of one eye.

She escaped from Kutupalong refugee camp to seek fish-drying work.

"Yes, it's a better life, as I can work here with drying fish and I can earn money," she added.

Spread over 200 acres (81 hectares), the fish-drying yards handle around 100 tonnes of fish every day of the peak drying season from September to May.

Here, under a blistering noon sun, a Rohingya woman toils over a long wooden table, sorting pungent clusters of fish while constantly swatting away flies and mosquitoes. Others tie up fish that had been draped over bamboo poles to dry.

The fish-drying industry generates annual revenue of about $20 million, traders and government officials say.

Even the children work hard.

From dawn, they push boats into the water or join fishing trips to earn a small bag of fish they can swap for tamarind from canny beachside vendors who get the better of the deal, as the fish is prized above the sour flavouring the children enjoy.

Hakim Ali, 45, works on a salt pan on the edge of the Teknaf river dividing the two countries, carrying bags of salt for 10 taka (12 cents) each to gather between 300 and 500 taka ($3.60 and $6) every day.

Ali said he left his home near the town of Buthidaung in Myanmar eight months ago, after rampaging mobs killed one of his brothers, threw another in jail and razed his home and paddy fields.

"We want justice and freedom of movement in Myanmar," Ali told Reuters, when asked what it would take for him to return.

"If the Myanmar government fulfils the demand, that day I will go."

The Shamlapur refugee camp, near a fishing colony on one of the world's longest beaches, is home to about 10,000 Rohingya refugees, aid groups say, many driven out of Myanmar's Rakhine State by sectarian violence last year

&nbspSome Rohingya refugees who fled from Myanmar are finding work in the fishing industry in neighbouring Bangladesh, earning a tiny daily income and occasional share of the catch, all under the official radar. The Shamlapur refugee camp, near a fishing colony on one of the world's longest beaches, is home to about 10,000 Rohingya refugees, aid groups say, many driven out of Myanmar's Rakhine State by sectarian violence last year. "We saved our lives by escaping here, so we are happy to be here," said Mohammed Yosuf, 20, who works as a fisherman, earning about 200 or 300 taka ($1.20 to $3.60) for each five-day trip. Yosuf said he fled with his wife, Sobora Khatun, who was nine months' pregnant when they escaped after two months shackled in captivity. Their three-year-old son drowned in a river crossing, but baby daughter Rukia was born safely. They are among nearly 700,000 Rohingya Muslims who fled a military crackdown, the United Nations and human rights groups say, almost all of them winding up in makeshift camps around the southern district of Cox's Bazar. Although the refugees cannot work legally, some find jobs on fishing boats or help push them out to sea. The vessels are similar to the craft that carried thousands of Rohingya across the waters to Bangladesh. Others in the camp earn money by shattering ice blocks to preserve the catch in the searing heat, mending nets or repairing boats. Two in five Rohingyas depend on a family member with an informal job in Shamlapur, while one in 20 rely on financial assistance from a family member abroad, a survey by migration research group the Exchange Foundation shows. "Rohingyas in Shamlapur are mostly living in makeshift accommodation and are only occasionally engaged in (illegal and seasonal) gainful employment," the group said in March. Some Rohingya women have found work drying fish at a yard in nearby Nazirartek, for a daily takehome of 100 taka to 200 taka ($1.20 to $2.40). "I was wounded by a sword to my face," said Hasina Begum, 30, describing how she fled her home. "Then I lost consciousness and I was lying on the ground and some of my neighbours took me to the boat and we crossed the river to the Bangladesh border," said Hasina, who battles pain and memory difficulties after losing the sight of one eye. She escaped from Kutupalong refugee camp to seek fish-drying work. "Yes, it's a better life, as I can work here with drying fish and I can earn money," she added. Spread over 200 acres (81 hectares), the fish-drying yards handle around 100 tonnes of fish every day of the peak drying season from September to May. Here, under a blistering noon sun, a Rohingya woman toils over a long wooden table, sorting pungent clusters of fish while constantly swatting away flies and mosquitoes. Others tie up fish that had been draped over bamboo poles to dry. The fish-drying industry generates annual revenue of about $20 million, traders and government officials say. Even the children work hard. From dawn, they push boats into the water or join fishing trips to earn a small bag of fish they can swap for tamarind from canny beachside vendors who get the better of the deal, as the fish is prized above the sour flavouring the children enjoy. Hakim Ali, 45, works on a salt pan on the edge of the Teknaf river dividing the two countries, carrying bags of salt for 10 taka (12 cents) each to gather between 300 and 500 taka ($3.60 and $6) every day. Ali said he left his home near the town of Buthidaung in Myanmar eight months ago, after rampaging mobs killed one of his brothers, threw another in jail and razed his home and paddy fields. "We want justice and freedom of movement in Myanmar," Ali told Reuters, when asked what it would take for him to return. "If the Myanmar government fulfils the demand, that day I will go."

Rohingya refugees fish in troubled waters to earn living in Bangladesh

A fish swimming inside a jellyfish was pictured off Australia&#39;s east coast in an image that has gone viral, with more than two million online views. 
 
Underwater photographer Tim Samuel was in the water with a friend near a tourist resort Byron Bay in December when they came across the little creature trapped inside the only slightly larger jellyfish. 
 
&quot;He was trapped in there but controlled where the Jellyfish was moving,&quot; Samuel wrote in a post on Instagram. 
 
After the image was reposted by @discoverocean on Monday, Samuel said his phone started &quot;going crazy&quot;. 
 
&quot;When @franny.plumridge and I stumbled upon it we knew we had found something special, but no idea just how unique and rare this sighting was,&quot; Samuel wrote. 
 
&quot;I`m completely blown away by all the attention it is getting from all over the world.&quot; 
 
Some speculated that the fish was being stung, while others pointed out that part of its tail appeared to be still outside the jellyfish, providing a clue to its apparent ability to steer. 
 
Marine life expert William Gladstone confirmed the rareness of the shot which has been viewed more than 2.3 million times on imgur. 
 
The academic from the University of Technology in Sydney told The Sydney Morning Herald he had seen a young trevally - a species of fish - hide among jellyfish, but had &quot;never seen one like this where the fish is just a little smaller than the jellyfish&quot;.&nbsp; 
 
Samuel said he had considered whether to &quot;set the little guy free&quot;, but ultimately decided it was best to &quot;just let nature run its course&quot;.

Photographer Tim Samuel came across the little creature trapped inside the only slightly larger jellyfish near Byron Bay

A fish swimming inside a jellyfish was pictured off Australia's east coast in an image that has gone viral, with more than two million online views. Underwater photographer Tim Samuel was in the water with a friend near a tourist resort Byron Bay in December when they came across the little creature trapped inside the only slightly larger jellyfish. "He was trapped in there but controlled where the Jellyfish was moving," Samuel wrote in a post on Instagram. After the image was reposted by @discoverocean on Monday, Samuel said his phone started "going crazy". "When @franny.plumridge and I stumbled upon it we knew we had found something special, but no idea just how unique and rare this sighting was," Samuel wrote. "I`m completely blown away by all the attention it is getting from all over the world." Some speculated that the fish was being stung, while others pointed out that part of its tail appeared to be still outside the jellyfish, providing a clue to its apparent ability to steer. Marine life expert William Gladstone confirmed the rareness of the shot which has been viewed more than 2.3 million times on imgur. The academic from the University of Technology in Sydney told The Sydney Morning Herald he had seen a young trevally - a species of fish - hide among jellyfish, but had "never seen one like this where the fish is just a little smaller than the jellyfish". Samuel said he had considered whether to "set the little guy free", but ultimately decided it was best to "just let nature run its course".

Fish eyes life inside jelly belly

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