The EU has announced an urgent investigation after suspected Chinese military <a href="http://www.wionews.com/world/chinese-intelligence-behind-marriott-data-hack-us-183707">hackers</a> accessed thousands of sensitive diplomatic cables.

Area 1 Security, a US cybersecurity firm, said a unit of China's People's Liberation Army, acting on government orders, breached a secure communications network used by the EU to coordinate foreign policy.

The New York Times published some of the cables, which are from European Union diplomatic missions around the world and reveal anxiety about how to handle US President Donald Trump as well as concerns about the behaviour of China, Russia and Iran.

The breach recalls the publication by WikiLeaks of a vast haul of US State Department cables in 2010, though in the EU case the trove is much smaller and consists of less secret communications.

Area 1, which was able to see the documents, said the attack targeted the EU, the United Nations and the AFL-CIO labour union in the US.

EU officials said Wednesday they have begun a probe into the leak, which comes with Europe on high alert for malign online activity in the run-up to key parliamentary elections in May next year.

"The Council Secretariat is aware of allegations regarding a potential leak of sensitive information and is actively investigating the issue," the EU Council, which represents member states, said.

"The Council Secretariat does not comment on allegations nor on matters relating to operational security. The Council Secretariat takes the security of its facilities, including its IT systems, extremely seriously."

European Commission Vice-President Valdis Dombrovskis said the bloc took any report of hacking its systems "extremely seriously" but refused to comment on the detail of the leak.

"What is clear is that no institution or country is immune to these kinds of hacks all communications systems have vulnerabilities," he told reporters. 
"We're constantly dealing with this challenge, upgrading our communication systems to respond to the threats."

Entry via Cyprus

Area 1 said the hackers gained access to the diplomatic communications network after a simple "phishing" campaign targeting the foreign ministry in Cyprus with mails designed to trick them into downloading hacking tools. Diplomatic sources said Cyprus has begun its own investigation and asked other EU countries for technical help.

Once inside the EU system, the hackers extracted thousands of diplomatic cables, most of which have a low-security classification according to the New York Times, which was given 1,100 by Area 1 and published a selection.

Many of the cables are run-of-the-mill weekly reports from missions around the world, detailing conversations with leaders and officials, the NYT said.

But there is also analysis of trends in global politics and trade, particularly on China's changing role under President Xi Jinping and relations with Russia and the US, and tantalising glimpses into closed-door meetings.

In one cable, the EU's diplomatic mission in Moscow describes the controversial summit in Helsinki in July between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin as "successful (at least for Putin)".

Another gives a detailed account of a meeting with President Xi in which he rails against Trump's trade tactics, saying the US was "behaving as if it was fighting in a no-rules freestyle boxing match" and vowing not to give in to "bullying".

In a somewhat ironic turn, the account describes Chinese Premier Li Keqiang assuring <a href="http://www.wionews.com/world/eus-tusk-said-no-more-brexit-negotiations-184119">EU President Donald Tusk</a> of Beijing's "steadfast opposition to cyber-attacks and hacking".

The EU has announced an urgent investigation after suspected Chinese military hackers accessed thousands of sensitive diplomatic cables. Area 1 Security, a US cybersecurity firm, said a unit of China's People's Liberation Army, acting on government orders, breached a secure communications network used by the EU to coordinate foreign policy.

The EU has announced an urgent investigation after suspected Chinese military hackers accessed thousands of sensitive diplomatic cables. Area 1 Security, a US cybersecurity firm, said a unit of China's People's Liberation Army, acting on government orders, breached a secure communications network used by the EU to coordinate foreign policy. The New York Times published some of the cables, which are from European Union diplomatic missions around the world and reveal anxiety about how to handle US President Donald Trump as well as concerns about the behaviour of China, Russia and Iran. The breach recalls the publication by WikiLeaks of a vast haul of US State Department cables in 2010, though in the EU case the trove is much smaller and consists of less secret communications. Area 1, which was able to see the documents, said the attack targeted the EU, the United Nations and the AFL-CIO labour union in the US. EU officials said Wednesday they have begun a probe into the leak, which comes with Europe on high alert for malign online activity in the run-up to key parliamentary elections in May next year. "The Council Secretariat is aware of allegations regarding a potential leak of sensitive information and is actively investigating the issue," the EU Council, which represents member states, said. "The Council Secretariat does not comment on allegations nor on matters relating to operational security. The Council Secretariat takes the security of its facilities, including its IT systems, extremely seriously." European Commission Vice-President Valdis Dombrovskis said the bloc took any report of hacking its systems "extremely seriously" but refused to comment on the detail of the leak. "What is clear is that no institution or country is immune to these kinds of hacks all communications systems have vulnerabilities," he told reporters. "We're constantly dealing with this challenge, upgrading our communication systems to respond to the threats." Entry via Cyprus Area 1 said the hackers gained access to the diplomatic communications network after a simple "phishing" campaign targeting the foreign ministry in Cyprus with mails designed to trick them into downloading hacking tools. Diplomatic sources said Cyprus has begun its own investigation and asked other EU countries for technical help. Once inside the EU system, the hackers extracted thousands of diplomatic cables, most of which have a low-security classification according to the New York Times, which was given 1,100 by Area 1 and published a selection. Many of the cables are run-of-the-mill weekly reports from missions around the world, detailing conversations with leaders and officials, the NYT said. But there is also analysis of trends in global politics and trade, particularly on China's changing role under President Xi Jinping and relations with Russia and the US, and tantalising glimpses into closed-door meetings. In one cable, the EU's diplomatic mission in Moscow describes the controversial summit in Helsinki in July between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin as "successful (at least for Putin)". Another gives a detailed account of a meeting with President Xi in which he rails against Trump's trade tactics, saying the US was "behaving as if it was fighting in a no-rules freestyle boxing match" and vowing not to give in to "bullying". In a somewhat ironic turn, the account describes Chinese Premier Li Keqiang assuring EU President Donald Tusk of Beijing's "steadfast opposition to cyber-attacks and hacking".

EU orders probe into hacking of diplomatic cables; suspects China

In today&rsquo;s time, blogs, forums and the likes are the breakthroughs in citizen development. Social media platforms through the access of the Internet has become a way for people to engage in issues they wish to express their opinion on, influence the government and maintain their anonymity as well.

But not all is well with the governments supporting this citizen development. People are facing penalties and getting arrested for sharing and publishing content in the name of cybersecurity or as the critics call it cyber sovereignty. According to a report from freedom house, a pro-democracy think tank, Internet freedom around the world declined in 2016 for the sixth consecutive year. It listed China dead last out of all nations surveyed.

The Great Firewall of China, not a physical barrier but a virtual one, prevents harmful information from entering the country. Apparently, it seems it was not enough as China&rsquo;s cyber administration has recently released a new cybersecurity law to tighten control and strengthen the oversight mechanism over Internet discussion.&nbsp;

These regulations demand that all social media users register accounts only with proper identification; a prior censorship for all Internet comments in the form of first approve then post system; Internet companies to assist public security organisations in protecting national security, and allowing the state to establish undefined systems for cybersecurity monitoring.

In addition to the above mentioned monitoring requirements, the law mandates that personal information and other important data collected in China must be stored on servers physically located within mainland China. The law also requires firms that operate critical information infrastructure to comply with all other obligations created by law or administrative regulation.&nbsp;

Moreover, local and overseas firms are required to submit to security checks and their business licenses can be revoked for serious violations.

The sad part about these restrictions is the lack of definitional detail present in them. There is no precise enumeration of which sectors constitute critical information infrastructure that requires enhanced cybersecurity measures. The guidelines mentioned in the law are written in vague terminology and absent official guidance, increasing the scope of state authority in an ambiguous manner.

The requirement for the companies to verify an individual&rsquo;s real identity before providing Internet services nullifies the blessing of being anonymous to users. The extensive terms and conditions of the law also present huge problems for foreign corporations attempting to comply with it. International law firms are worried that companies could be asked to provide source code, encryption, or other crucial information for review by the authorities, increasing the risk of this information being lost, passed on to local competitors, or used by the authorities themselves.&nbsp;

Moreover, these companies now face at least four separate security audits by different Chinese government agencies with unclear jurisdictions. This new cybersecurity law is not only curbing freedom of expression but can also be used for political purposes to delay or block market access. It can damage global trade in services and disrupt cross-border transfers of information that are routine in the ordinary course of business. The law has also raised concerns among foreign companies over greater data controls as well as increased risks of intellectual property theft.

Government-backed Internet commentators can flood the web in China with pro-regime propaganda. It can also threaten to shut down foreign technology companies out of various sectors considered critical. The Economist has warned that the new law could well constitute &lsquo;a Trojan horse designed to promote China&rsquo;s aggressive policy of indigenous innovation. &nbsp;Also, the substantial investment by Chinese technology firms in recent years to establish domestic data centres is believed to bolster the domestic Chinese data management and telecommunications industry against global competitors.

Moreover, China&rsquo;s refusal to accede to the Budapest Convention on Cyber Crime reflects its developing state-centric approach to international agreements on cyberspace. The Convention is a multilateral agreement that serves as a framework for international cooperation on cybercrime and a guide for the development of national cybercrime legislation

The proponents of this law have called it an information security policy. It is linked with Xi Jinping&rsquo;s dictum that without cyber security there is no national security. It can be used to counter threats of hacking, terrorism and other cyber crimes. Though, the reality for the critics is far from the objective. China hopes to reap the economic benefits of cyber-development while actively shaping and constraining the ideas available to the country&rsquo;s citizens. It is moving its model of Internet sovereignty for the world by making it a legal reality at home.

Internet censorship in this information age is hard to gulp in seeing the overwhelming presence of real-time news and data availability. Cyber powers all around the world need to talk about in practical technological and human terms. If China calls its cybersecurity policy as an information security policy, then international information security and the peace in cyberspace is highly questioned. For the people of China, living in a society where speech and expression can be freely exchanged is becoming a distant reality. 
&nbsp;

(Disclaimer: The opinions expressed above are the personal views of the author and do not reflect the views of ZMCL)

People are facing penalties and getting arrested for sharing and publishing content in the name of cybersecurity or as the critics call it cyber sovereignty.

In today’s time, blogs, forums and the likes are the breakthroughs in citizen development. Social media platforms through the access of the Internet has become a way for people to engage in issues they wish to express their opinion on, influence the government and maintain their anonymity as well. But not all is well with the governments supporting this citizen development. People are facing penalties and getting arrested for sharing and publishing content in the name of cybersecurity or as the critics call it cyber sovereignty. According to a report from freedom house, a pro-democracy think tank, Internet freedom around the world declined in 2016 for the sixth consecutive year. It listed China dead last out of all nations surveyed. The Great Firewall of China, not a physical barrier but a virtual one, prevents harmful information from entering the country. Apparently, it seems it was not enough as China’s cyber administration has recently released a new cybersecurity law to tighten control and strengthen the oversight mechanism over Internet discussion. These regulations demand that all social media users register accounts only with proper identification; a prior censorship for all Internet comments in the form of first approve then post system; Internet companies to assist public security organisations in protecting national security, and allowing the state to establish undefined systems for cybersecurity monitoring. In addition to the above mentioned monitoring requirements, the law mandates that personal information and other important data collected in China must be stored on servers physically located within mainland China. The law also requires firms that operate critical information infrastructure to comply with all other obligations created by law or administrative regulation. Moreover, local and overseas firms are required to submit to security checks and their business licenses can be revoked for serious violations. The sad part about these restrictions is the lack of definitional detail present in them. There is no precise enumeration of which sectors constitute critical information infrastructure that requires enhanced cybersecurity measures. The guidelines mentioned in the law are written in vague terminology and absent official guidance, increasing the scope of state authority in an ambiguous manner. The requirement for the companies to verify an individual’s real identity before providing Internet services nullifies the blessing of being anonymous to users. The extensive terms and conditions of the law also present huge problems for foreign corporations attempting to comply with it. International law firms are worried that companies could be asked to provide source code, encryption, or other crucial information for review by the authorities, increasing the risk of this information being lost, passed on to local competitors, or used by the authorities themselves. Moreover, these companies now face at least four separate security audits by different Chinese government agencies with unclear jurisdictions. This new cybersecurity law is not only curbing freedom of expression but can also be used for political purposes to delay or block market access. It can damage global trade in services and disrupt cross-border transfers of information that are routine in the ordinary course of business. The law has also raised concerns among foreign companies over greater data controls as well as increased risks of intellectual property theft. Government-backed Internet commentators can flood the web in China with pro-regime propaganda. It can also threaten to shut down foreign technology companies out of various sectors considered critical. The Economist has warned that the new law could well constitute ‘a Trojan horse designed to promote China’s aggressive policy of indigenous innovation. Also, the substantial investment by Chinese technology firms in recent years to establish domestic data centres is believed to bolster the domestic Chinese data management and telecommunications industry against global competitors. Moreover, China’s refusal to accede to the Budapest Convention on Cyber Crime reflects its developing state-centric approach to international agreements on cyberspace. The Convention is a multilateral agreement that serves as a framework for international cooperation on cybercrime and a guide for the development of national cybercrime legislation The proponents of this law have called it an information security policy. It is linked with Xi Jinping’s dictum that without cyber security there is no national security. It can be used to counter threats of hacking, terrorism and other cyber crimes. Though, the reality for the critics is far from the objective. China hopes to reap the economic benefits of cyber-development while actively shaping and constraining the ideas available to the country’s citizens. It is moving its model of Internet sovereignty for the world by making it a legal reality at home. Internet censorship in this information age is hard to gulp in seeing the overwhelming presence of real-time news and data availability. Cyber powers all around the world need to talk about in practical technological and human terms. If China calls its cybersecurity policy as an information security policy, then international information security and the peace in cyberspace is highly questioned. For the people of China, living in a society where speech and expression can be freely exchanged is becoming a distant reality. (Disclaimer: The opinions expressed above are the personal views of the author and do not reflect the views of ZMCL)

Opinion: Is China curtailing freedom in the name of cybersecurity?

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Monday India and Israel &quot;can shape a future together&quot; by combining the &quot;brilliant people&quot; of the two countries.&nbsp;

&quot;You have brilliant people in India. We have brilliant people in Israel. What we can do is shape the future together,&quot; Netanyahu said.&nbsp;

&quot;I believe in India,&quot; he added.&nbsp;

Netanyahu was addressing a forum of Indian and Israeli CEOs in New Delhi alongwith&nbsp;Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the second day of his six-day India visit.&nbsp;

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<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
You have brilliant people in India. We have brilliant people in Israel. What we can do, is shape the future together. I believe in India. I came here to say today thank you PM Modi for believing in Israel, we believe in India: <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BenjaminNetanyahu?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BenjaminNetanyahu</a> PM of Israel <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NetanyahuInIndia?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NetanyahuInIndia</a> <a href="https://t.co/GGNMbiGazS">pic.twitter.com/GGNMbiGazS</a>
&mdash; ANI (@ANI) <a href="https://twitter.com/ANI/status/952914180260052992?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 15, 2018</a></blockquote>
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&quot;There is not going to be anymore distinction between high-tech and low-tech because at the end everything is going to be technology,&quot; said Netanyahu.&nbsp;

&quot;We have 500 start-up companies that receive $500 bn investment every year,&quot; he added.&nbsp;

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<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
There is not going to be anymore distinction between high tech &amp; low tech because at the end everything is going to be technology: <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BenjaminNetanyahu?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BenjaminNetanyahu</a> PM of Israel <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NetanyahuInIndia?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NetanyahuInIndia</a> <a href="https://t.co/TGfrhkOO3L">pic.twitter.com/TGfrhkOO3L</a>
&mdash; ANI (@ANI) <a href="https://twitter.com/ANI/status/952912899227267072?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 15, 2018</a></blockquote>
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Speaking at the event, Modi stressed on cooperation between business and industry for the success of the nation.

Narendra Modi also invited Israeli businesses and companies to come and work in India.

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India&rsquo;s development agenda is huge. It presents a vast economic opportunity for Israeli companies. I invite more &amp; more Israeli people, businesses &amp; companies to come &amp; work in India. Along with Govt &amp; people, the business community of India too is keen to join hands: PM Modi <a href="https://t.co/gScHdXMHN4">pic.twitter.com/gScHdXMHN4</a>
&mdash; ANI (@ANI) <a href="https://twitter.com/ANI/status/952919065961553920?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 15, 2018</a></blockquote>
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&quot;Along with the government and people, the business community of India is keen to join hands,&quot; Modi said.

He added that in India &quot;we have been taking steady steps over three years at both macro as well as micro-level to make difference. Our motto is-reform, perform and transform.&quot;

Netanyahu and Modi had held bilateral talks earlier in the day.

Following the delegation-level talks, the two leaders signed&nbsp;nine agreements in order to boost cooperation in key areas such as cybersecurity and gas and oil.

&nbsp;

'You have brilliant people in India. We have brilliant people in Israel. What we can do is shape the future together,' Netanyahu said

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Monday India and Israel "can shape a future together" by combining the "brilliant people" of the two countries. "You have brilliant people in India. We have brilliant people in Israel. What we can do is shape the future together," Netanyahu said. "I believe in India," he added. Netanyahu was addressing a forum of Indian and Israeli CEOs in New Delhi alongwith Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the second day of his six-day India visit. You have brilliant people in India. We have brilliant people in Israel. What we can do, is shape the future together. I believe in India. I came here to say today thank you PM Modi for believing in Israel, we believe in India: #BenjaminNetanyahu PM of Israel #NetanyahuInIndia pic.twitter.com/GGNMbiGazS — ANI (@ANI) January 15, 2018 × "There is not going to be anymore distinction between high-tech and low-tech because at the end everything is going to be technology," said Netanyahu. "We have 500 start-up companies that receive $500 bn investment every year," he added. There is not going to be anymore distinction between high tech & low tech because at the end everything is going to be technology: #BenjaminNetanyahu PM of Israel #NetanyahuInIndia pic.twitter.com/TGfrhkOO3L — ANI (@ANI) January 15, 2018 × Speaking at the event, Modi stressed on cooperation between business and industry for the success of the nation. Narendra Modi also invited Israeli businesses and companies to come and work in India. India’s development agenda is huge. It presents a vast economic opportunity for Israeli companies. I invite more & more Israeli people, businesses & companies to come & work in India. Along with Govt & people, the business community of India too is keen to join hands: PM Modi pic.twitter.com/gScHdXMHN4 — ANI (@ANI) January 15, 2018 × "Along with the government and people, the business community of India is keen to join hands," Modi said. He added that in India "we have been taking steady steps over three years at both macro as well as micro-level to make difference. Our motto is-reform, perform and transform." Netanyahu and Modi had held bilateral talks earlier in the day. Following the delegation-level talks, the two leaders signed nine agreements in order to boost cooperation in key areas such as cybersecurity and gas and oil.

India and Israel can shape the future together, says Israeli PM Netanyahu

Researchers who warned half a dozen&nbsp;robot&nbsp;manufacturers in January about nearly 50 vulnerabilities in their home, business and industrial&nbsp;robots, say only a few of the problems have been addressed.

The researchers, Cesar Cerrudo and Lucas Apa of cybersecurity firm IOActive, said the vulnerabilities would allow hackers to spy on users, disable safety features and make&nbsp;robots lurch and move violently, putting users and bystanders in danger.

While they say there are no signs that hackers have exploited the vulnerabilities, they say the fact that the&nbsp;robots were hacked so easily and the manufacturers&#39; lack of response raise questions about allowing&nbsp;robots in homes, offices and factories.

&quot;Our research shows proof that even non-military&nbsp;robots could be weaponized to cause harm,&quot; Apa said in an interview.

&quot;These&nbsp;robots don&#39;t use bullets or explosives, but microphones, cameras, arms and legs. The difference is that they will be soon around us and we need to secure them now before it&#39;s too late.&quot;

Some of the&nbsp;robot&nbsp;manufacturers defended themselves, saying they had fixed some or all of the issues raised.

Apa&#39;s comments come in the wake of a letter signed by more than 100 leading&nbsp;robotic experts urging the United Nations to ban the development of killer military&nbsp;robots, or autonomous weapons.

Apa, a senior security consultant, said that of the six manufacturers contacted, only one, RethinkRobotics, said some of the problems had been fixed. He said he had not been able to confirm that as his team does not have access to that particular&nbsp;robot.

A spokesman for Rethink&nbsp;Robotics, which makes the Baxter and Sawyer assembly-line&nbsp;robots, said all but two issues - in the education and research versions of its&nbsp;robots - had been fixed.

Apa said a review of updates from the other five manufacturers - Universal&nbsp;Robots of Denmark, SoftBank&nbsp;Robotics and Asratec Corp of Japan, Ubtech of China, and&nbsp;Robotis Inc of South Korea - led him to believe none of the issues he had raised had been fixed.

Asratec said that software released for its&nbsp;robots so far was limited to &quot;hobby use sample programs&quot;, and it believed IOActive was pointing to security vulnerabilities in those. Software it planned to release for commercial use would be different, it said.

SoftBank&nbsp;Robotics said it had already identified the vulnerabilities and fixed them. Ubtech said it had &quot;fully addressed any concerns raised by IoActive that do not limit our developers from programming&quot; their&nbsp;robots.

Universal&nbsp;Robots did not respond to emailed requests for comment.&nbsp;Robotis Inc declined to comment.

The slow reaction by the&nbsp;robot&nbsp;industry was not surprising, said Joshua Ziering, founder of Kittyhawk.io, a commercial drone software company. &quot;A new technology bursts on to the market and people fail to secure it,&quot; he said.

Cybersecurity experts said the&nbsp;robot&nbsp;vulnerabilities were alarming, and cyber criminals could use them to disrupt factories by ransomware attacks, or with&nbsp;robots slowed down or forced to embed flaws in the products they are programmed to build.

&quot;The potential impact to companies, and even countries, could be massive,&quot; said Nathan Wenzler, chief security strategist at AsTech, a San Francisco-based security consulting company, &quot;should an attacker exploit the vulnerability within the applications that control these&nbsp;robots.&quot;

Even in the home, danger lurks, said Apa, demonstrating how a 17-inch (43.18 cm) tall Alpha 2robot&nbsp;from Ubtech could be programmed to violently jab a screwdriver.

&quot;Maybe it&#39;s small and it&#39;s not really going to hurt right now, but the trend is that the&nbsp;robots are going to be more powerful,&quot; he said. &quot;We tested industrial ones which are really heavy and powerful, and some of the attacks work with them.&quot;

Apa and Cerrudo released their initial findings in January.

This week, they released details about the specific vulnerabilities they found, including one case where they mix several of those vulnerabilities together to hijack a Universal&nbsp;Robot&nbsp;factory&nbsp;robot, making it lurch about and be a potential threat.

"Our research shows proof that even non-military robots could be weaponized to cause harm," Lucas Apa said in an interview

Researchers who warned half a dozen robot manufacturers in January about nearly 50 vulnerabilities in their home, business and industrial robots, say only a few of the problems have been addressed. The researchers, Cesar Cerrudo and Lucas Apa of cybersecurity firm IOActive, said the vulnerabilities would allow hackers to spy on users, disable safety features and make robots lurch and move violently, putting users and bystanders in danger. While they say there are no signs that hackers have exploited the vulnerabilities, they say the fact that the robots were hacked so easily and the manufacturers' lack of response raise questions about allowing robots in homes, offices and factories. "Our research shows proof that even non-military robots could be weaponized to cause harm," Apa said in an interview. "These robots don't use bullets or explosives, but microphones, cameras, arms and legs. The difference is that they will be soon around us and we need to secure them now before it's too late." Some of the robot manufacturers defended themselves, saying they had fixed some or all of the issues raised. Apa's comments come in the wake of a letter signed by more than 100 leading robotic experts urging the United Nations to ban the development of killer military robots, or autonomous weapons. Apa, a senior security consultant, said that of the six manufacturers contacted, only one, RethinkRobotics, said some of the problems had been fixed. He said he had not been able to confirm that as his team does not have access to that particular robot. A spokesman for Rethink Robotics, which makes the Baxter and Sawyer assembly-line robots, said all but two issues - in the education and research versions of its robots - had been fixed. Apa said a review of updates from the other five manufacturers - Universal Robots of Denmark, SoftBank Robotics and Asratec Corp of Japan, Ubtech of China, and Robotis Inc of South Korea - led him to believe none of the issues he had raised had been fixed. Asratec said that software released for its robots so far was limited to "hobby use sample programs", and it believed IOActive was pointing to security vulnerabilities in those. Software it planned to release for commercial use would be different, it said. SoftBank Robotics said it had already identified the vulnerabilities and fixed them. Ubtech said it had "fully addressed any concerns raised by IoActive that do not limit our developers from programming" their robots. Universal Robots did not respond to emailed requests for comment. Robotis Inc declined to comment. The slow reaction by the robot industry was not surprising, said Joshua Ziering, founder of Kittyhawk.io, a commercial drone software company. "A new technology bursts on to the market and people fail to secure it," he said. Cybersecurity experts said the robot vulnerabilities were alarming, and cyber criminals could use them to disrupt factories by ransomware attacks, or with robots slowed down or forced to embed flaws in the products they are programmed to build. "The potential impact to companies, and even countries, could be massive," said Nathan Wenzler, chief security strategist at AsTech, a San Francisco-based security consulting company, "should an attacker exploit the vulnerability within the applications that control these robots." Even in the home, danger lurks, said Apa, demonstrating how a 17-inch (43.18 cm) tall Alpha 2robot from Ubtech could be programmed to violently jab a screwdriver. "Maybe it's small and it's not really going to hurt right now, but the trend is that the robots are going to be more powerful," he said. "We tested industrial ones which are really heavy and powerful, and some of the attacks work with them." Apa and Cerrudo released their initial findings in January. This week, they released details about the specific vulnerabilities they found, including one case where they mix several of those vulnerabilities together to hijack a Universal Robot factory robot, making it lurch about and be a potential threat.

Robots in homes, offices can be hacked: Study

The fear of cyber attacks on planes is holding back the Indian government from allowing Wi-Fi on board aircraft, however, private players say the security framework sought by authorities is neither impossible nor unusual.

This explains why a top officer at the civil aviation ministry, which mooted the proposal, recently expressed his frustration over the delay by the home ministry in giving its nod and compared India with North Korea.

&quot;India is perhaps the only country other than North Korea, which does not allow in-flight Wi-Fi services. Even international airlines flying over India have to switch off Wi-Fi when they travel over India...Security agencies are still not convinced,&quot; he said.

Before airlines in India can be permitted to provide Wi- Fi, the prerequisite laid down by the government is for intercept capability to which Indian authorities have end-to- end audit and control.

&quot;From our perspective this is not very different from what we see at many jurisdictions where cybersecurity or use of information technology for malicious purpose is an area of concern. The Indian government has demanded a framework at par with international standards. These are solutions that are neither unseen nor unimplemented,&quot; CEO, SITAONAIR, David Lavorel.

&nbsp;

First-hand experience

In order to get a first hand experience of how Wi-Fi is enabled on a plane, PTI recently travelled onboard Honeywell&#39;s Connected Aircraft, which was in New Delhi last week as part of its world tour. Since May this year it has travelled to Dallas, Mexico City, Panama City, Toronto, New York, London and Paris.

For in-flight Wi-Fi, Honeywell&#39;s satellite communications hardware is fitted on the aircraft so it can receive true broadband class connectivity via Inmarsat satellites, whose Global Xpress Service is powered by three Ka-band satellites and claim to provide four times the bandwidth available through Ku-band.

The hardware includes an antenna on an aircraft. Inside the aircraft there are three boxes, the size of a set-top-box, which include a KA-band frequency unit, KA-band aircraft network data unit and a modem manager.

&quot;No one can hack into this network unless you are given access to this frequency. As far as the boxes are concerned no one can tap into them because there are security communication protocols. However, concerns emerge when you have access to Internet,&quot; explains Inmarsat&#39;s Director, Airline Market Development for India, Middle East and Africa, Rash Jhanjee.

Connectivity inside an aircraft can also be provided through air-to-ground communications network, which is more suitable for high-density domestic market. However, experts say India does not currently have such a facility.

&quot;Air-to-ground and satellite connectivity for aircraft complement each other. In certain high density markets where there are single-aisle narrow body aircraft which fly on shorter routes, it makes more economic sense to deploy an air-to-ground network because these cost less and weigh less,&quot; Jhanjee told PTI.

Satellite communications however offer bandwidth speeds that are consistently higher on a global level. Additionally, the satellite equipment is well proven and designed to fit on a variety of aircraft, while air-to-ground system is more suited for narrow bodies, Jhanjee added.

Both Inmarsat and SITAONAIR have been in discussions with various government ministries, which include those of civil aviation, home as well as the department of telecom.

But who pays for this service? Generally, the costs are borne by the satellite operators, which are passed on to airline companies that require the service, who will further bill it to the passengers.

The main aim of the game is to fill up the entire seating capacity and look for an opportunity for monetisation, says Lavorel. 
He adds that several foreign airlines, which have to switch off their Wi-Fi while flying over India, feel they are at a &quot;competitive disadvantage&quot; as compared to those who take a different route.

Both Inmarsat and SITAONAIR say all domestic carriers in India have evinced interest in having Wi-Fi onboard but are exploring a suitable financial model for providing connectivity to passengers.

&quot;The low-cost carriers see this as additional ancillary revenue. Just like they unbundle seats or food they see this as another catchment area. The full service carriers, though, are looking at providing free Internet for business class and maybe some free module in economy,&quot; according to Jhanjee.

A passenger survey carried out by Honeywell Aerospace in the US last year revealed that nearly 45 per cent of air travellers were willing to shift their loyalties if their preferred airline did not provide Wi-Fi.

With high speed Internet, air passengers will be able to discard the in-flight entertainment preloaded on aircraft and stream movies, send WhatsApp messages, as well as check information about connecting gates, among others.

Honeywell estimates the market for Wi-Fi on planes to be at USD 7 billion and expects 25,000 planes to be connected by 2025.

The fear of cyber attacks on planes is holding back the Indian government from allowing Wi-Fi on board aircraft

The fear of cyber attacks on planes is holding back the Indian government from allowing Wi-Fi on board aircraft, however, private players say the security framework sought by authorities is neither impossible nor unusual. This explains why a top officer at the civil aviation ministry, which mooted the proposal, recently expressed his frustration over the delay by the home ministry in giving its nod and compared India with North Korea. "India is perhaps the only country other than North Korea, which does not allow in-flight Wi-Fi services. Even international airlines flying over India have to switch off Wi-Fi when they travel over India...Security agencies are still not convinced," he said. Before airlines in India can be permitted to provide Wi- Fi, the prerequisite laid down by the government is for intercept capability to which Indian authorities have end-to- end audit and control. "From our perspective this is not very different from what we see at many jurisdictions where cybersecurity or use of information technology for malicious purpose is an area of concern. The Indian government has demanded a framework at par with international standards. These are solutions that are neither unseen nor unimplemented," CEO, SITAONAIR, David Lavorel. First-hand experience In order to get a first hand experience of how Wi-Fi is enabled on a plane, PTI recently travelled onboard Honeywell's Connected Aircraft, which was in New Delhi last week as part of its world tour. Since May this year it has travelled to Dallas, Mexico City, Panama City, Toronto, New York, London and Paris. For in-flight Wi-Fi, Honeywell's satellite communications hardware is fitted on the aircraft so it can receive true broadband class connectivity via Inmarsat satellites, whose Global Xpress Service is powered by three Ka-band satellites and claim to provide four times the bandwidth available through Ku-band. The hardware includes an antenna on an aircraft. Inside the aircraft there are three boxes, the size of a set-top-box, which include a KA-band frequency unit, KA-band aircraft network data unit and a modem manager. "No one can hack into this network unless you are given access to this frequency. As far as the boxes are concerned no one can tap into them because there are security communication protocols. However, concerns emerge when you have access to Internet," explains Inmarsat's Director, Airline Market Development for India, Middle East and Africa, Rash Jhanjee. Connectivity inside an aircraft can also be provided through air-to-ground communications network, which is more suitable for high-density domestic market. However, experts say India does not currently have such a facility. "Air-to-ground and satellite connectivity for aircraft complement each other. In certain high density markets where there are single-aisle narrow body aircraft which fly on shorter routes, it makes more economic sense to deploy an air-to-ground network because these cost less and weigh less," Jhanjee told PTI. Satellite communications however offer bandwidth speeds that are consistently higher on a global level. Additionally, the satellite equipment is well proven and designed to fit on a variety of aircraft, while air-to-ground system is more suited for narrow bodies, Jhanjee added. Both Inmarsat and SITAONAIR have been in discussions with various government ministries, which include those of civil aviation, home as well as the department of telecom. But who pays for this service? Generally, the costs are borne by the satellite operators, which are passed on to airline companies that require the service, who will further bill it to the passengers. The main aim of the game is to fill up the entire seating capacity and look for an opportunity for monetisation, says Lavorel. He adds that several foreign airlines, which have to switch off their Wi-Fi while flying over India, feel they are at a "competitive disadvantage" as compared to those who take a different route. Both Inmarsat and SITAONAIR say all domestic carriers in India have evinced interest in having Wi-Fi onboard but are exploring a suitable financial model for providing connectivity to passengers. "The low-cost carriers see this as additional ancillary revenue. Just like they unbundle seats or food they see this as another catchment area. The full service carriers, though, are looking at providing free Internet for business class and maybe some free module in economy," according to Jhanjee. A passenger survey carried out by Honeywell Aerospace in the US last year revealed that nearly 45 per cent of air travellers were willing to shift their loyalties if their preferred airline did not provide Wi-Fi. With high speed Internet, air passengers will be able to discard the in-flight entertainment preloaded on aircraft and stream movies, send WhatsApp messages, as well as check information about connecting gates, among others. Honeywell estimates the market for Wi-Fi on planes to be at USD 7 billion and expects 25,000 planes to be connected by 2025.

Wi-Fi on Indian planes: Are cyber-security fears too tough to tackle?

As the &ldquo;<a href="https://twitter.com/kaspersky/status/879749175570817024">NotPetya</a>&rdquo; ransomware attack <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/27/technology/ransomware-hackers.html">spreads around the world</a>, it&rsquo;s making clear how important it is for everyone &ndash; and particularly corporations &ndash; to take cybersecurity seriously. The <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/2017/06/27/petya-notpetya-ransomware-is-more-powerful-than-wannacry/">companies affected by this malware</a> include <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2017/06/27/large-cyberattack-hits-europe-disrupts-power-grid-banks/103226268/">power utilities, banks and technology firms</a>. Their customers are now left without power and other crucial services, in part because the companies did not take action and make the investments necessary to better protect themselves from these cyberattacks.

Cybersecurity is becoming another facet of the growing movement demanding <a href="http://csr-asia.com/csr-asia-weekly-news-detail.php?id=12692">corporate social responsibility</a>. This broad effort has already made progress toward getting workers paid a <a href="https://www.ecotextile.com/2016051922130/social-compliance-csr-news/living-wage-from-clothing-premium.html">living wage</a>, encouraging companies to operate <a href="http://www.triplepundit.com/2017/01/10-companies-zero-waste-to-landfill/">zero-waste production plants</a> and practice <a href="http://greenlivingideas.com/2015/08/31/cradle-to-cradle-manufacturing/">cradle-to-cradle manufacturing</a> &ndash; and even getting them to <a href="http://www.cnbc.com/2017/06/16/toms-founder-blake-mycoskie-shares-his-favorite-book-of-all-time.html">donate products</a> to people in need.

The overall idea is that companies should make corporate decisions that reflect obligations not just to owners and shareholders, customers and employees, but to society at large and the natural environment. As a scholar of cybersecurity law and policy and chair of Indiana University&rsquo;s new integrated program on <a href="https://cybersecurityprograms.indiana.edu/">cybersecurity risk management</a>, I say it&rsquo;s time to add cyberspace to that list.

Online security affects everyone

The recent <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-40085241">WannaCry ransomware attack</a> affected more than 200,000 computers in <a href="https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/new-data-shows-most-wannacry-victims-are-from-china-not-russia/">150 nations</a>. The results of the attack made clear that computers whose <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-installing-software-updates-makes-us-wannacry-77667">software is not kept up to date</a> can hurt not only the computers&rsquo; owners, but ultimately all internet users. The companies hit by the NotPetya attack didn&rsquo;t heed that warning, and got caught by an attack <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/petya-ransomware-outbreak-eternal-blue/">using the same vulnerability as WannaCry</a>, because they still haven&rsquo;t updated their systems.

Some policymakers and managers are taking notice <a href="http://www.chinadailyasia.com/opinion/2016-09/11/content_15493388.html">around the world</a>. In the U.S., the Department of Homeland Security, the <a href="https://www.dhs.gov/topic/cybersecurity">chief federal agency dealing with cybersecurity</a>, has highlighted businesses&rsquo; &ldquo;<a href="https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2013/10/18/cybersecurity-shared-responsibility">shared responsibility</a>&rdquo; to <a href="https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2013/10/18/cybersecurity-shared-responsibility">protect themselves</a> against cyberattacks. Consumers can&rsquo;t protect their utility services, banking systems or even their personal data on their own, and must depend on companies to handle that security.

Cybersecurity is an effort that not only protects &ndash; and even benefits &ndash; a company&rsquo;s bottom line but also contributes to overall <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/scott-j-shackelford/sustainable-cybersecurity_b_6988050.html">corporate and societal sustainability</a>. In addition, by protecting privacy, free expression and the exchange of information, cybersecurity helps support people&rsquo;s <a href="https://theconversation.com/should-cybersecurity-be-a-human-right-72342">human rights</a>, both online and offline.

Vaccinating cyberspace

If more companies get serious about cybersecurity, the internet ecosystem will be safer for everyone. The concept is much like vaccinating people against disease: <a href="https://www.vaccines.gov/basics/protection/index.html">If enough people are protected, the others benefit too</a>, through what is called &ldquo;<a href="https://theconversation.com/herd-immunity-and-measles-why-we-should-aim-for-100-vaccination-coverage-36868">herd immunity</a>.&rdquo;

In terms of deterring hackers, the number of vulnerable targets will drop, making it harder for hackers to find them, and less worthwhile to even look. And more companies will have defenses ready when cyber attackers come calling. This isn&rsquo;t a perfect solution: With enough time and resources, any system is vulnerable. But this change in corporate perception is an important step in developing a global <a href="http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/law/e-commerce-law/managing-cyber-attacks-international-law-business-and-relations-search-cyber-peace?format=HB&amp;isbn=9781107004375">culture of cybersecurity</a>.

Customers can get involved in this effort, demanding better cybersecurity from companies they do business with. These can include online retailers, whether small specialized sellers or giants like Amazon. But local bricks-and-mortar stores with customer loyalty programs that have built their brands on trust can also be susceptible to consumer pressure.

To date, it&rsquo;s been hard to know which companies have the best cybersecurity practices. The product and service reviewers at Consumer Reports have made a start: In March they started <a href="http://www.consumerreports.org/privacy/consumer-reports-to-begin-evaluating-products-services-for-privacy-and-data-security/">evaluating devices, software and mobile apps</a> for privacy and cybersecurity.

Advocacy groups like the <a href="http://www.internetsociety.org/">Internet Society</a> <a href="http://www.cyberpeacefoundation.org/">and</a> <a href="https://staysafeonline.org/">many</a> <a href="https://www.comptia.org/advocacy">others</a> should ask companies to discuss cybersecurity efforts in their reports to shareholders. And they should urge government agencies to develop voluntary programs like the <a href="https://www.energystar.gov/">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency&rsquo;s Energy Star</a> appliance-efficiency rating system. The U.K. has a certification like this for cybersecurity, called <a href="https://www.cyberessentials.org/">Cyber Essentials</a>. These efforts don&rsquo;t require executives or managers to make different decisions, but help inform them &ndash; and the public &ndash; about how the choices they make affect consumers.

<img alt="The Conversation" height="1" src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/79810/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" width="1" />Ultimately, companies will play a huge role in shaping the future of our shared experience online. Cybersecurity and data privacy are key elements of this, and it&rsquo;s time consumers demand corporations treat them as the 21st-century social responsibilities they are.

&nbsp;

This article was originally published on <a href="http://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/notpetya-ransomware-attack-shows-corporate-social-responsibility-should-include-cybersecurity-79810">original article</a>.

Computers whose software is not kept up to date can hurt not only the computers? owners, but ultimately all internet users

As the “NotPetya” ransomware attack spreads around the world, it’s making clear how important it is for everyone – and particularly corporations – to take cybersecurity seriously. The companies affected by this malware include power utilities, banks and technology firms. Their customers are now left without power and other crucial services, in part because the companies did not take action and make the investments necessary to better protect themselves from these cyberattacks. Cybersecurity is becoming another facet of the growing movement demanding corporate social responsibility. This broad effort has already made progress toward getting workers paid a living wage, encouraging companies to operate zero-waste production plants and practice cradle-to-cradle manufacturing – and even getting them to donate products to people in need. The overall idea is that companies should make corporate decisions that reflect obligations not just to owners and shareholders, customers and employees, but to society at large and the natural environment. As a scholar of cybersecurity law and policy and chair of Indiana University’s new integrated program on cybersecurity risk management, I say it’s time to add cyberspace to that list. Online security affects everyone The recent WannaCry ransomware attack affected more than 200,000 computers in 150 nations. The results of the attack made clear that computers whose software is not kept up to date can hurt not only the computers’ owners, but ultimately all internet users. The companies hit by the NotPetya attack didn’t heed that warning, and got caught by an attack using the same vulnerability as WannaCry, because they still haven’t updated their systems. Some policymakers and managers are taking notice around the world. In the U.S., the Department of Homeland Security, the chief federal agency dealing with cybersecurity, has highlighted businesses’ “shared responsibility” to protect themselves against cyberattacks. Consumers can’t protect their utility services, banking systems or even their personal data on their own, and must depend on companies to handle that security. Cybersecurity is an effort that not only protects – and even benefits – a company’s bottom line but also contributes to overall corporate and societal sustainability. In addition, by protecting privacy, free expression and the exchange of information, cybersecurity helps support people’s human rights, both online and offline. Vaccinating cyberspace If more companies get serious about cybersecurity, the internet ecosystem will be safer for everyone. The concept is much like vaccinating people against disease: If enough people are protected, the others benefit too, through what is called “herd immunity.” In terms of deterring hackers, the number of vulnerable targets will drop, making it harder for hackers to find them, and less worthwhile to even look. And more companies will have defenses ready when cyber attackers come calling. This isn’t a perfect solution: With enough time and resources, any system is vulnerable. But this change in corporate perception is an important step in developing a global culture of cybersecurity. Customers can get involved in this effort, demanding better cybersecurity from companies they do business with. These can include online retailers, whether small specialized sellers or giants like Amazon. But local bricks-and-mortar stores with customer loyalty programs that have built their brands on trust can also be susceptible to consumer pressure. To date, it’s been hard to know which companies have the best cybersecurity practices. The product and service reviewers at Consumer Reports have made a start: In March they started evaluating devices, software and mobile apps for privacy and cybersecurity. Advocacy groups like the Internet Society and many others should ask companies to discuss cybersecurity efforts in their reports to shareholders. And they should urge government agencies to develop voluntary programs like the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Energy Star appliance-efficiency rating system. The U.K. has a certification like this for cybersecurity, called Cyber Essentials. These efforts don’t require executives or managers to make different decisions, but help inform them – and the public – about how the choices they make affect consumers. Ultimately, companies will play a huge role in shaping the future of our shared experience online. Cybersecurity and data privacy are key elements of this, and it’s time consumers demand corporations treat them as the 21st-century social responsibilities they are. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.

'Petya' ransomware attack shows corporate social responsibility should include cybersecurity

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended Congressional Reception jointly hosted by Foreign Relations Committees and India Caucus in Washington DC on Wednesday. 
 
Addressing the gathering, Modi called for India-US collaboration to solve issues like global warming and climate change. 
 
&quot;Be it global problems like climate change, global warming, poverty or heath concerns, we can together find solutions for the world. We must use our skills, our intelligence, our resources and commit ourselves to move forward. I think my journey this time, my two-day visit to the United States has only reinforced this commitment,&quot; said Modi. 
 
Earlier in the day, Modi became the fifth Indian to address the joint session of US Congress. 
 
Modi called for a closer security relationship between his country and the United States as he stressed on the importance of warming ties between the two countries. 
 
He dedicated much of the speech to the importance of fighting militancy, thanking Congress for US support after a Pakistan-based military group&#39;s rampage in Mumbai killed 166 people in 2008. 
 
He leavened the speech to lawmakers, the first such address by an international leader since Pope Francis&#39; in September, with jokes about Congress&#39; bitter partisan divide and yoga. But Modi used it to make serious points about India&#39;s neighbour and arch-rival Pakistan and regional concerns about Chinese expansionism. 
 
In a 45-minute speech interrupted by cheers and at least eight standing ovations, the 65-year-old Indian leader said deeper US-Indian security cooperation should isolate anyone who harbours, supports or sponsors terrorists. 
 
Modi is on the US leg of an international tour. On Tuesday, he met with President Barack Obama at the White House, where the two leaders said India has agreed to work toward joining the Paris Agreement on climate change this year and discussed security and cyber-security issues. 
 
The visit, two years after Modi became prime minister, capped an improving relationship between New Delhi and the United States. Before he was elected, Modi was barred from even entering the country because of concerns about his handling of 2002 riots that killed at least 1,000 people, mostly Muslims. 
 
After the Congressional reception, Modi left for a day-long visit to Mexico. He will arrive in New Delhi this Friday.

Modi said that US and India should deepen their security cooperation and isolate anyone who harbours, supports or sponsors terrorists

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended Congressional Reception jointly hosted by Foreign Relations Committees and India Caucus in Washington DC on Wednesday. Addressing the gathering, Modi called for India-US collaboration to solve issues like global warming and climate change. "Be it global problems like climate change, global warming, poverty or heath concerns, we can together find solutions for the world. We must use our skills, our intelligence, our resources and commit ourselves to move forward. I think my journey this time, my two-day visit to the United States has only reinforced this commitment," said Modi. Earlier in the day, Modi became the fifth Indian to address the joint session of US Congress. Modi called for a closer security relationship between his country and the United States as he stressed on the importance of warming ties between the two countries. He dedicated much of the speech to the importance of fighting militancy, thanking Congress for US support after a Pakistan-based military group's rampage in Mumbai killed 166 people in 2008. He leavened the speech to lawmakers, the first such address by an international leader since Pope Francis' in September, with jokes about Congress' bitter partisan divide and yoga. But Modi used it to make serious points about India's neighbour and arch-rival Pakistan and regional concerns about Chinese expansionism. In a 45-minute speech interrupted by cheers and at least eight standing ovations, the 65-year-old Indian leader said deeper US-Indian security cooperation should isolate anyone who harbours, supports or sponsors terrorists. Modi is on the US leg of an international tour. On Tuesday, he met with President Barack Obama at the White House, where the two leaders said India has agreed to work toward joining the Paris Agreement on climate change this year and discussed security and cyber-security issues. The visit, two years after Modi became prime minister, capped an improving relationship between New Delhi and the United States. Before he was elected, Modi was barred from even entering the country because of concerns about his handling of 2002 riots that killed at least 1,000 people, mostly Muslims. After the Congressional reception, Modi left for a day-long visit to Mexico. He will arrive in New Delhi this Friday.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi attends Congressional Reception in Washington DC

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