<p>After spending 17 days in orbit around the Earth, India's third lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 has bid goodbye to its orbit around the home planet and set course for its destination - Earth's Moon. By performing a Trans-Lunar Injection (TLI), a long-duration burn of its engines (around 20 minutes), Chandrayaan-3 has completely slingshot itself out of Earth'sorbit and influence, thereby putting it on a path that will eventually lead it to the moon.</p>

<p>This crucial manoeuvre has been performed on the intervening night of Monday and Tuesday (31 July and 1 August between midnight hour and 1 am Indian Standard Time).&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Chandrayaan-3 completes its orbits around the Earth and heads towards the Moon. A successful perigee-firing performed at ISTRAC, ISRO has injected the spacecraft into the translunar orbit. Next stop: the Moon. As it arrives at the moon, the Lunar-Orbit Insertion (LOI) is planned for Aug 5, 2023," the Indian space agency posted on X, formerly known as Twitter at 00:32 hrs on 1 August, Indian Standard Time.</p>

<p>So far, during its orbit around the earth, as per commands from ISRO's tracking, telemetry and command facility (ISTRAC), the spacecraft fired its onboard engines on five pre-planned occasions. During each of these engine firings, the craft slingshot itself into a higher orbit and moved further away from the Earth. But now, the craft has exited the earth's influence and set course for the moon.</p>

<p>To get its spacecraft to destinations far away from the Earth (Moon, Mars), the Indian space agency has been using the Slingshot method, scientifically known as Hohmann Transfer Orbits. This is an energy-efficient technique to get a spacecraft to its destination, in the absence of powerful and heavy-lifting rockets.</p>

<p>With extremely powerful rockets (such as America's Space Launch System), it is possible to propel a massive craft(weighing close to 40 tonnes) to the moon in less than a week. Given that India's LVM3 rocket has around only a fraction of the lifting power of global super-heavy rockets, the Indian space agency is using a time-consuming method (which takes more than a month) to get its 3.9-tonne craft to the moon, using available resources.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Having heavier and more powerful rockets offers the performance to carry heavy and more capable spacecraft. The combination of heavy rockets and heavy spacecraft will ensure that the craft is able to develop the velocity and departure energy required to rapidly exit the earth's influence and set course for the moon(Trans Lunar Injection).&nbsp;</p>

<p>Here on, the craft will travel around five days to reach a pre-determined point in space, where the moon will also be at the time. Remember, the moon is also circling the earth and the spacecraft is also circling the earth, so the craft and the moon will have to meet at a certain ideal time and place. Once that meeting happens, the craft will be captured by the moon's gravity and it would begin to orbit the moon.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Thereafter, during the ideal time and day, the lunar craft is allowed to de-boost itself and progressively get closer to the moon's surface, slow itself down gradually and prepare for a lunar landing. ISRO has planned Chandrayaan-3's lunar landing at 5:47 pm Indian Standard Time on 23rd August.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/all-about-chandrayaan-3-mission-616153"><strong>Watch |&nbsp;All about Chandrayaan-3 mission</strong></a></p>

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<p>With a mission life of one lunar day (14 Earth days), Chandrayaan-3 is meant to land near the Lunar south pole(approximately at 80 degrees latitude).</p>

<p>It is imperative for the mission's 'Vikram' lander to touch down on the Lunar surface at the start of the Lunar day, in order to make use of available sunlight(using solar panels &amp; batteries) and operate its science payloads, sensors, gather data and communicate it back to earth.</p>

<p>ISRO's Lunar spacecraft is meant to land a few hundred kilometres away from the Lunar south pole. The Lunar south pole is a region that has largely remained unexplored, owing to the near-nil sunlight illumination there. It is believed that many mysteries of the moon could be unravelled by performing in-situ probing of this region.&nbsp;</p>

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After spending 17 days in orbit around the Earth, India's third lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 has bid goodbye to its orbit around the home planet and set course for its destination - Earth's Moon.

After spending 17 days in orbit around the Earth, India's third lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 has bid goodbye to its orbit around the home planet and set course for its destination - Earth's Moon. By performing a Trans-Lunar Injection (TLI), a long-duration burn of its engines (around 20 minutes), Chandrayaan-3 has completely slingshot itself out of Earth'sorbit and influence, thereby putting it on a path that will eventually lead it to the moon. This crucial manoeuvre has been performed on the intervening night of Monday and Tuesday (31 July and 1 August between midnight hour and 1 am Indian Standard Time). "Chandrayaan-3 completes its orbits around the Earth and heads towards the Moon. A successful perigee-firing performed at ISTRAC, ISRO has injected the spacecraft into the translunar orbit. Next stop: the Moon. As it arrives at the moon, the Lunar-Orbit Insertion (LOI) is planned for Aug 5, 2023," the Indian space agency posted on X, formerly known as Twitter at 00:32 hrs on 1 August, Indian Standard Time. So far, during its orbit around the earth, as per commands from ISRO's tracking, telemetry and command facility (ISTRAC), the spacecraft fired its onboard engines on five pre-planned occasions. During each of these engine firings, the craft slingshot itself into a higher orbit and moved further away from the Earth. But now, the craft has exited the earth's influence and set course for the moon. To get its spacecraft to destinations far away from the Earth (Moon, Mars), the Indian space agency has been using the Slingshot method, scientifically known as Hohmann Transfer Orbits. This is an energy-efficient technique to get a spacecraft to its destination, in the absence of powerful and heavy-lifting rockets. With extremely powerful rockets (such as America's Space Launch System), it is possible to propel a massive craft(weighing close to 40 tonnes) to the moon in less than a week. Given that India's LVM3 rocket has around only a fraction of the lifting power of global super-heavy rockets, the Indian space agency is using a time-consuming method (which takes more than a month) to get its 3.9-tonne craft to the moon, using available resources. Having heavier and more powerful rockets offers the performance to carry heavy and more capable spacecraft. The combination of heavy rockets and heavy spacecraft will ensure that the craft is able to develop the velocity and departure energy required to rapidly exit the earth's influence and set course for the moon(Trans Lunar Injection). Here on, the craft will travel around five days to reach a pre-determined point in space, where the moon will also be at the time. Remember, the moon is also circling the earth and the spacecraft is also circling the earth, so the craft and the moon will have to meet at a certain ideal time and place. Once that meeting happens, the craft will be captured by the moon's gravity and it would begin to orbit the moon. Thereafter, during the ideal time and day, the lunar craft is allowed to de-boost itself and progressively get closer to the moon's surface, slow itself down gradually and prepare for a lunar landing. ISRO has planned Chandrayaan-3's lunar landing at 5:47 pm Indian Standard Time on 23rd August. Watch | All about Chandrayaan-3 mission × With a mission life of one lunar day (14 Earth days), Chandrayaan-3 is meant to land near the Lunar south pole(approximately at 80 degrees latitude). It is imperative for the mission's 'Vikram' lander to touch down on the Lunar surface at the start of the Lunar day, in order to make use of available sunlight(using solar panels & batteries) and operate its science payloads, sensors, gather data and communicate it back to earth. ISRO's Lunar spacecraft is meant to land a few hundred kilometres away from the Lunar south pole. The Lunar south pole is a region that has largely remained unexplored, owing to the near-nil sunlight illumination there. It is believed that many mysteries of the moon could be unravelled by performing in-situ probing of this region. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Chandrayaan-3 leaves Earth's influence after 17 days in orbit. Next stop: Moon

<p>India's largest and heaviest rocket, the 642-tonne LVM3 lifted off majestically amid overcast skies at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. Propelled by 410 tonnes of solid fuel (stored in twin S200 solid boosters), the vehicle took to the skies from the second launchpad and emitted its characteristic engine roar, which was heard in at least a seven-kilometre radius around the launch pad. The LVM3 rocket, which has delivered success in all its missions to date, delivered yet another success by ejecting the Lunar spacecraft into the precise orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The rocket is carrying a 3.9 tonne Lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 to an orbit around the Earth, which measures 170x36,500. This means that the spacecraft is not in an even circular orbit around the Earth. This is a highly-elliptical orbit, where the spacecraft is 170km&nbsp;above the earth at its closest approach (perigee) and 36,500km&nbsp;above the earth at its farthest approach (apogee).&nbsp;</p>

<p>From this orbit, in a series of orbit-raising manoeuvres, the craft will gradually be flung away from Earth and from the Earth's influence. In a few weeks, it would be captured by the moon's gravity and then attempt to make a lunar soft landing around August 23. The Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft comprises a propulsion module (meant to take the spacecraft into lunar orbit), a Lunar lander named 'Vikram' and a Lunar rover named 'Pragyan'.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The goal is to make a lunar soft landing near the moon's 80 degree latitude (roughly 600 km&nbsp;away from the Lunar south pole) on August 23, which marks the start of the Lunar Day and then conduct in-situ experiments using the lander and rover. The in-situ experiments will include the detection of moon quakes, studies of the Lunar atmosphere, and studies of the mineral composition of Lunar rocks and soil, among others.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Chandrayaan 3 successfully launched to the moon | ISRO | Sriharikota</strong></h2>

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<p>The landing is meant to happen at the start of the Lunar Day, as that will be the period when sunlight is available in the region. Sunlight is crucial to charge the solar panels and batteries on board the lander and rover and help them perform their respective roles.&nbsp;</p>

<p>One lunar day is equal to 14-15 days on Earth. Under ideal conditions, the Vikram lander and Pragyan rover are meant to function for 1 Lunar day. However, ISRO also believes that the rover and lander could survive the Lunar night and revive its activity, once the sun is up.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-scripts-new-chapter-pm-modi-about-successful-launch-of-indias-third-lunar-mission-615607">PM Modi about successful launch of India’s third lunar mission</a></p>

<p>India's maiden lunar soft landing attempt and second Lunar mission Chandrayaan-2 crash-landed on the moon, in September 2019. Chandrayaan-3 is a mission that hopes to perform what its predecessor couldn't. It must be remembered that the Indian space agency ISRO was formally established in 1969, the same year when NASA's Apollo 11 crew performed the moon landing and moonwalk. ISRO's nascent days saw a humble beginning from a fishing hamlet in Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala, southern India.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/watch-indias-chandrayaan-3-makes-majestic-lift-off-from-sriharikota-615537">Watch | India's Chandrayaan-3 makes majestic lift-off from Sriharikota</a></p>

<p>Today, ISRO operates more than 50 spacecraft for its national and strategic purposes. ISRO also supports India's neighbouring nations with developing space capability and harnessing its benefits. India is among the few nations in the world with end-to-end space capability - the means to design, develop, build and launch its own rockets and satellites, the capability to guide and communicate with the spacecraft, receive and process their data for useful purposes. India carried out its maiden Lunar orbiting mission Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and its maiden Mars orbiting mission in 2013.&nbsp;</p>

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India's largest and heaviest rocket, the 642-tonne LVM3 lifted off majestically amid overcast skies at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.

India's largest and heaviest rocket, the 642-tonne LVM3 lifted off majestically amid overcast skies at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. Propelled by 410 tonnes of solid fuel (stored in twin S200 solid boosters), the vehicle took to the skies from the second launchpad and emitted its characteristic engine roar, which was heard in at least a seven-kilometre radius around the launch pad. The LVM3 rocket, which has delivered success in all its missions to date, delivered yet another success by ejecting the Lunar spacecraft into the precise orbit. The rocket is carrying a 3.9 tonne Lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 to an orbit around the Earth, which measures 170x36,500. This means that the spacecraft is not in an even circular orbit around the Earth. This is a highly-elliptical orbit, where the spacecraft is 170km above the earth at its closest approach (perigee) and 36,500km above the earth at its farthest approach (apogee). From this orbit, in a series of orbit-raising manoeuvres, the craft will gradually be flung away from Earth and from the Earth's influence. In a few weeks, it would be captured by the moon's gravity and then attempt to make a lunar soft landing around August 23. The Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft comprises a propulsion module (meant to take the spacecraft into lunar orbit), a Lunar lander named 'Vikram' and a Lunar rover named 'Pragyan'. The goal is to make a lunar soft landing near the moon's 80 degree latitude (roughly 600 km away from the Lunar south pole) on August 23, which marks the start of the Lunar Day and then conduct in-situ experiments using the lander and rover. The in-situ experiments will include the detection of moon quakes, studies of the Lunar atmosphere, and studies of the mineral composition of Lunar rocks and soil, among others. Chandrayaan 3 successfully launched to the moon | ISRO | Sriharikota The landing is meant to happen at the start of the Lunar Day, as that will be the period when sunlight is available in the region. Sunlight is crucial to charge the solar panels and batteries on board the lander and rover and help them perform their respective roles. One lunar day is equal to 14-15 days on Earth. Under ideal conditions, the Vikram lander and Pragyan rover are meant to function for 1 Lunar day. However, ISRO also believes that the rover and lander could survive the Lunar night and revive its activity, once the sun is up. Also read | PM Modi about successful launch of India’s third lunar mission India's maiden lunar soft landing attempt and second Lunar mission Chandrayaan-2 crash-landed on the moon, in September 2019. Chandrayaan-3 is a mission that hopes to perform what its predecessor couldn't. It must be remembered that the Indian space agency ISRO was formally established in 1969, the same year when NASA's Apollo 11 crew performed the moon landing and moonwalk. ISRO's nascent days saw a humble beginning from a fishing hamlet in Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala, southern India. Also read | Watch | India's Chandrayaan-3 makes majestic lift-off from Sriharikota Today, ISRO operates more than 50 spacecraft for its national and strategic purposes. ISRO also supports India's neighbouring nations with developing space capability and harnessing its benefits. India is among the few nations in the world with end-to-end space capability - the means to design, develop, build and launch its own rockets and satellites, the capability to guide and communicate with the spacecraft, receive and process their data for useful purposes. India carried out its maiden Lunar orbiting mission Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and its maiden Mars orbiting mission in 2013. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

India's Chandrayaan-3 is now in space, historic journey to Moon begins

<p>India successfully launched Chandrayaan-3 on Friday (July 14) from its main spaceport in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh at 2:35pm local time (0905 GMT).&nbsp;</p>

<p>Thousands had gathered at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, in Sriharikota to witness this historic feat when the Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM3-M4) rocket carrying Chandrayaan-3 lifted off successfully.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The Moon mission, which has a price tag of around $74.6 million, aims to successfully land a rover to explore the lunar surface. &nbsp;</p>

<p>The Sanskrit word Chandrayaan means "moon vehicle" and the rocket includes a two-metre tall lander, named Vikram, which is designed to deploy a rover near the lunar south pole.&nbsp;It is expected to remain functional for two weeks running a series of experiments.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also watch: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/watch-indias-chandrayaan-3-makes-majestic-lift-off-from-sriharikota-615537">India's Chandrayaan-3 makes majestic lift-off from Sriharikota</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

<p>Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in a tweet: "Chandrayaan-3 scripts a new chapter in India's space odyssey. It soars high, elevating the dreams and ambitions of every Indian. This momentous achievement is a testament to our scientists' relentless dedication. I salute their spirit and ingenuity!"&nbsp;</p>

<p>He previously said that this date, July 14, 2023, will always be etched in golden letters as far as India's space sector is concerned because of Chandrayaan-3's historic launch. He said that this "remarkable mission" will carry the hopes and dreams of our nation.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This is a follow-up mission to its failed effort nearly four years ago to land a rover softly on the lunar surface.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The rover will embark on a journey lasting slightly over a month before landing on the Moon's surface later in August, around the 23rd of that month.&nbsp;A successful landing would make India the fourth country — after the United States, the Soviet Union, and China — to achieve the feat.&nbsp;</p>

<p>After the launch, Jitendra Singh, who is a junior minister for science and technology, told reporters: "It is indeed a moment of glory for India. Thank you team ISRO for making India proud."&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Watch this video:&nbsp;</strong></p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Chandrayaan-3, India’s third lunar exploration mission takes off from Sriharikota,Andhra Pradesh.<br />
<br />
🚀LVM3 Launch Vehicle Mk III takes the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft to Geo Transfer Orbit (GTO).<br />
<br />
🌝<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Chandrayaan3?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Chandrayaan3</a> consists of an indigenous propulsion module, lander module, and a rover… <a href="https://t.co/pbhxmZO0Eq">pic.twitter.com/pbhxmZO0Eq</a></p>
— All India Radio News (@airnewsalerts) <a href="https://twitter.com/airnewsalerts/status/1679780233287958529?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 14, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-ahead-of-the-launch-isro-scientists-offer-prayers-at-tirupati-temple-615007">Chandrayaan-3: Ahead of launch, ISRO scientists and chief S Somnath seek blessings at temples</a>&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>India's space programmes</strong>&nbsp;</h2>

<p>In recent decades, India's space programme has grown significantly, especially after sending a probe to orbit the moon in 2008 was a massive achievement.&nbsp;</p>

<p>India also became the first Asian nation to put a satellite into orbit around Mars in 2014, and three years later, the ISRO launched 104 satellites in a single mission.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The ISRO's Gaganyaan ("Skycraft") programme is slated to launch a three-day manned mission into Earth's orbit by next year.&nbsp;</p>

<p>India is also working to boost its two per cent share of the global commercial space market by sending private payloads into orbit for a fraction of the cost of competitors.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;</em></p>

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India successfully launched Chandrayaan-3 on Friday (July 14) from its main spaceport in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh at 2:35pm local time (0905 GMT). Thousands had gathered at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, in Sriharikota to witness this historic feat when the Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM3-M4) rocket carrying Chandrayaan-3 lifted off successfully.

India successfully launched Chandrayaan-3 on Friday (July 14) from its main spaceport in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh at 2:35pm local time (0905 GMT). Thousands had gathered at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, in Sriharikota to witness this historic feat when the Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM3-M4) rocket carrying Chandrayaan-3 lifted off successfully. The Moon mission, which has a price tag of around $74.6 million, aims to successfully land a rover to explore the lunar surface. The Sanskrit word Chandrayaan means "moon vehicle" and the rocket includes a two-metre tall lander, named Vikram, which is designed to deploy a rover near the lunar south pole. It is expected to remain functional for two weeks running a series of experiments. Also watch: India's Chandrayaan-3 makes majestic lift-off from Sriharikota Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in a tweet: "Chandrayaan-3 scripts a new chapter in India's space odyssey. It soars high, elevating the dreams and ambitions of every Indian. This momentous achievement is a testament to our scientists' relentless dedication. I salute their spirit and ingenuity!" He previously said that this date, July 14, 2023, will always be etched in golden letters as far as India's space sector is concerned because of Chandrayaan-3's historic launch. He said that this "remarkable mission" will carry the hopes and dreams of our nation. This is a follow-up mission to its failed effort nearly four years ago to land a rover softly on the lunar surface. The rover will embark on a journey lasting slightly over a month before landing on the Moon's surface later in August, around the 23rd of that month. A successful landing would make India the fourth country — after the United States, the Soviet Union, and China — to achieve the feat. After the launch, Jitendra Singh, who is a junior minister for science and technology, told reporters: "It is indeed a moment of glory for India. Thank you team ISRO for making India proud." Watch this video: Chandrayaan-3, India’s third lunar exploration mission takes off from Sriharikota,Andhra Pradesh. 🚀LVM3 Launch Vehicle Mk III takes the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft to Geo Transfer Orbit (GTO). 🌝#Chandrayaan3 consists of an indigenous propulsion module, lander module, and a rover… pic.twitter.com/pbhxmZO0Eq — All India Radio News (@airnewsalerts) July 14, 2023 × ALSO READ | Chandrayaan-3: Ahead of launch, ISRO scientists and chief S Somnath seek blessings at temples India's space programmes In recent decades, India's space programme has grown significantly, especially after sending a probe to orbit the moon in 2008 was a massive achievement. India also became the first Asian nation to put a satellite into orbit around Mars in 2014, and three years later, the ISRO launched 104 satellites in a single mission. The ISRO's Gaganyaan ("Skycraft") programme is slated to launch a three-day manned mission into Earth's orbit by next year. India is also working to boost its two per cent share of the global commercial space market by sending private payloads into orbit for a fraction of the cost of competitors. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

India's journey to Moon begins: Lunar landing mission Chandrayaan-3 lifts off successfully