How is this possible that some fish and amphibians can clear cardiac scar tissue and regrow damaged muscle as adults whereas the same seems impossible in humans? It is understood that physiological differences between fish and mammals make such comparisons irrelevant, so scientists started off by comparing two fish species: zebrafish, which can regenerate its heart, and medaka, which cannot. Jamie Gagnon led a team of biologists at University of Utah and conducted this study to find the possible answers to this question.

“We thought by comparing these two fish that have similar heart morphology and live in similar habitats, we could have a better chance of actually finding what the main differences are,” said Clayton Carey, a postdoctoral researcher in the Gagnon lab.

The study was unable to solve this mystery but revealed valuable insights into the myriad factors at play.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiy7O7DzM6FAxWxSmwGHanBDDwQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-to-launch-drone-like-dragonfly-rotorcraft-to-explore-saturns-moon-titan-712828" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-to-launch-drone-like-dragonfly-rotorcraft-to-explore-saturns-moon-titan-712828&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiy7O7DzM6FAxWxSmwGHanBDDwQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAE">NASA to launch drone-like Dragonfly rotorcraft to explore Saturn`s moon Titan</a>

“It told us these two hearts that look very similar are actually very different,” Gagnon said.

<h2>How was the study conducted?</h2>

At the Gagnon lab, scientists first injured the fish’s hearts using devices, resembling heart attacks in humans.

Then, scientists extracted their hearts after certain time frames to know how the fish have responded to the injury over different periods of time.

“Zebrafish have this immune response that is typical of what you might see during a viral infection, called an interferon response,” Carey said. “That response is completely absent in medaka.”

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiy7O7DzM6FAxWxSmwGHanBDDwQxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/devil-comet-makes-spectacular-return-after-7-decades-graces-australian-skies-713033" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/devil-comet-makes-spectacular-return-after-7-decades-graces-australian-skies-713033&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiy7O7DzM6FAxWxSmwGHanBDDwQxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE">Devil Comet makes spectacular return after 7 decades, graces Australian skies</a>

The study also found that medaka doesn’t have a certain type of muscle cells that are present in zebrafish.

“My hunch is the ancestor of all animals could regenerate its heart after an injury, and then that’s been repeatedly lost in different types of animals,” Gagnon said. “I would like to understand why. Why would you lose this great feature that allows you to regenerate your heart after an injury?”

Scientists concluded that zebrafish’s capacity to regenerate is linked to its immune system, but understanding exactly how would take more research.

(With inputs from agencies)

How is this possible that some fish and amphibians can clear cardiac scar tissue and regrow damaged muscle as adults whereas the same seems impossible in humans?

How is this possible that some fish and amphibians can clear cardiac scar tissue and regrow damaged muscle as adults whereas the same seems impossible in humans? It is understood that physiological differences between fish and mammals make such comparisons irrelevant, so scientists started off by comparing two fish species: zebrafish, which can regenerate its heart, and medaka, which cannot. Jamie Gagnon led a team of biologists at University of Utah and conducted this study to find the possible answers to this question. “We thought by comparing these two fish that have similar heart morphology and live in similar habitats, we could have a better chance of actually finding what the main differences are,” said Clayton Carey, a postdoctoral researcher in the Gagnon lab. The study was unable to solve this mystery but revealed valuable insights into the myriad factors at play. Also read: NASA to launch drone-like Dragonfly rotorcraft to explore Saturn`s moon Titan “It told us these two hearts that look very similar are actually very different,” Gagnon said. How was the study conducted? At the Gagnon lab, scientists first injured the fish’s hearts using devices, resembling heart attacks in humans. Then, scientists extracted their hearts after certain time frames to know how the fish have responded to the injury over different periods of time. “Zebrafish have this immune response that is typical of what you might see during a viral infection, called an interferon response,” Carey said. “That response is completely absent in medaka.” Also read: Devil Comet makes spectacular return after 7 decades, graces Australian skies The study also found that medaka doesn’t have a certain type of muscle cells that are present in zebrafish. “My hunch is the ancestor of all animals could regenerate its heart after an injury, and then that’s been repeatedly lost in different types of animals,” Gagnon said. “I would like to understand why. Why would you lose this great feature that allows you to regenerate your heart after an injury?” Scientists concluded that zebrafish’s capacity to regenerate is linked to its immune system, but understanding exactly how would take more research. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists reveal why zebrafish can regenerate damaged heart but humans can’t

The brain of a fruit fly is the size of a poppy seed and about as easy to overlook.

“Most people, I think, don’t even think of the fly as having a brain,” said Vivek Jayaraman, a neuroscientist at the Janelia Research Campus of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Virginia. “But, of course, flies lead quite rich lives.”

Flies are capable of sophisticated behaviors. And their specksize brains are tremendously complex, containing about 100,000 neurons and tens of millions of connections, or synapses, between them.

Since 2014, a team of scientists at Janelia, in collaboration with researchers at Google, have been mapping these neurons and synapses in an effort to create a comprehensive wiring diagram, also known as a connectome, of the fruit fly brain.

The work is time-consuming and expensive, even with the help of state-of-the-art machine-learning algorithms. But the data they have released so far is stunning in its detail, composing an atlas of gnarled neurons in many crucial areas of the fly brain.

And now, in a new paper being published Tuesday in the journal eLife, neuroscientists are beginning to show what they can do with it.

By analyzing the connectome of just a small part of the fly brain — the central complex, which plays an important role in navigation — Jayaraman and his colleagues identified dozens of new neuron types and pinpointed neural circuits that appear to help flies make their way through the world. The work could help provide insight into how all kinds of animal brains, including our own, process a flood of sensory information and translate it into appropriate action.

It is also a proof of principle for the young field of modern connectomics, which was built on the promise that constructing detailed diagrams of the brain’s wiring would pay scientific dividends.

“It’s really extraordinary,” Dr. Clay Reid, a senior investigator at the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle, said of the new paper. “I think anyone who looks at it will say connectomics is a tool that we need in neuroscience — full stop.”

The only complete connectome in the animal kingdom belongs to the humble roundworm, C. elegans. Biologist Sydney Brenner, who would later go on to win a Nobel Prize, started the project in the 1960s. His small team spent years on it, using colored pens to trace all 302 neurons by hand.

“Brenner realized that to understand the nervous system you had to know its structure,” said Scott Emmons, a neuroscientist and geneticist at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, who later used digital techniques to create new C. elegans connectomes. “And that’s true across biology. Structure is so important.”

Brenner and his colleagues published their landmark paper in 1986.

But the field of modern connectomics did not take off until the 2000s, when advances in imaging and computing finally made it feasible to map the connections in larger brains. In recent years, research teams have started assembling connectomes of zebrafish, songbirds, mice, humans and more.

When the Janelia Research Campus opened in 2006, Gerald Rubin, its founding director, set his sights on the fruit fly.

Several different teams at Janelia have embarked on fly connectome projects in the years since, but the work that led to the new paper began in 2014, with the brain of a single, 5-day-old female fruit fly.

Researchers cut the fly brain into slabs and then used a technique known as focused-ion beam scanning electron microscopy to image them, layer by painstaking layer. The microscope essentially functioned like a tiny, precise nail file, filing away an exceedingly thin layer of the brain, snapping a picture of the exposed tissue and then repeating the process until nothing remained.

“You’re simultaneously imaging and cutting off little slices of the fly brain, so they don’t exist after you’re done,” Jayaraman said.

The team then used computer vision software to stitch the millions of resulting images back together into a single, 3D volume and sent it off to Google. There, researchers used advanced machine-learning algorithms to identify each individual neuron and trace its twisting branches.

Finally, the Janelia team used additional computational tools to pinpoint the synapses, and human researchers proofread the computers’ work, correcting errors and refining the wiring diagrams.

Last year, the researchers published the connectome for what they called the “hemibrain,” a large portion of the central fly brain, which includes regions and structures that are crucial for sleep, learning and navigation.

The connectome, which is accessible free online, includes about 25,000 neurons and 20 million synapses, far more than the C. elegans connectome.

“It’s a dramatic scaling up,” said Cori Bargmann, a neuroscientist at Rockefeller University in New York. “This is a tremendous step toward the goal of working out the connectivity of the brain.”

Once the hemibrain connectome was ready, Jayaraman, an expert on the neuroscience of fly navigation, was eager to dive into the data on the central complex.

The brain region, which contains nearly 3,000 neurons and is present in all insects, helps flies build an internal model of their spatial relationship to the world and then select and execute behaviors appropriate for their circumstances, such as searching for food.

“You’re telling me you can give me the wiring diagram for something like this?” Jayaraman said. “This is better industrial espionage than you could get by getting insights into the Apple iPhone.”

He and his colleagues studied how the region’s neural circuits were put together.

For instance, Hannah Haberkern, a postdoctoral associate in Jayaraman’s lab, analyzed the neurons that send sensory information to the ellipsoid body, a doughnut-shape structure that acts as the fly’s internal compass.

Haberkern found that neurons that are known to transmit information about the polarization of light — a global environmental cue that many animals use for navigation — made more connections to the compass neurons than did neurons that transmit information about other visual features and landmarks.

The neurons dedicated to polarization of light also connect to, and are capable of strongly inhibiting, brain cells that provide information about other navigational cues.

The researchers hypothesize that fly brains may be wired to prioritize information about the global environment when they are navigating, but also that these circuits are flexible, so that when such information is inadequate, they can pay more attention to local features of the landscape.

Other members of the research team identified specific neural pathways that seem well suited to helping the fly keep track of its head and body orientation; anticipate its future orientation and traveling direction; calculate its current orientation relative to another desired location; and then move in that direction.

Imagine, for instance, that a hungry fly temporarily abandons a rotting banana to see whether it can rustle up something better. But after a (literally) fruitless few minutes of exploration, it wants to return to its previous meal.

The connectome data suggests that certain brain cells, technically known as PFL3 neurons, help the fly pull off this maneuver. These neurons receive two critical inputs: They get signals from neurons that track the direction the fly is facing as well as from neurons that may be keeping tabs on the direction of the banana.

After receiving those signals, the PFL3 neurons then send out their own message to a set of turning neurons that prompt the fly to veer off in the correct direction. Dinner is served, again.

“Being able to trace that activity through that circuit — from sensory back to motor through this complex intermediate circuit — is really amazing,” said Brad Hulse, a research scientist in Jayaraman’s lab who led this part of the analysis. The connectome, he added, “showed us a lot more than we thought it was going to.”

And the group’s paper, a draft of which includes 75 figures and stretches to 360 pages, is just the beginning.

“It just really provides this ground truth for exploring this brain region further,” said Stanley Heinze, an expert on insect neuroscience at Lund University in Sweden. “It’s just enormously impressive.”

And just plain enormous. “I wouldn’t really treat it as a paper but more as a book,” Heinze said.

In fact, the paper is so large that the preprint server bioRxiv initially declined to publish it, perhaps because the administrators thought it actually was a book, Jayaraman said. (The server ultimately did post the study, after a few extra days of processing, he noted.)

The paper’s publication in the journal eLife “required some special permissions and back-and-forth with editorial staff,” Jayaraman said.

There are limitations to what a snapshot of a single brain at a single moment in time can reveal, and connectomes do not capture everything of interest in an animal brain. (Janelia’s hemibrain connectome omits glial cells, for instance, which perform all sorts of important tasks in the brain.)

Jayaraman and his colleagues stressed that they would not have been able to infer so much from the connectome if not for decades of prior research, by many other scientists, into fruit fly behavior and basic neuron physiology and function, as well as theoretical neuroscience work.

But the wiring diagrams can help researchers investigate existing theories and generate better hypotheses, figuring out what questions to ask and which experiments to conduct.

“Now what we’re really excited about is taking those ideas that the connectome inspired and going back to the microscope, going back to our electrodes and actually recording the brain and seeing if those ideas are true,” Hulse said.

One could have asked — some did — why a fruit fly’s brain circuitry matters.

“I get asked this at the holidays a lot,” Hulse said.

Flies are not mice or chimps or humans, but their brains perform some of the same basic tasks&lt;strong&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;Understanding the basic neural circuitry in an insect could provide important clues to how other animal brains approach similar problems, said David Van Essen, a neuroscientist at Washington University in St. Louis.

Gaining a deep understanding of the fly’s brain “also gives us insights that are very relevant to the understanding of mammalian, and even human, brains and behavior,” he said.

Creating connectomes of larger, more complex brains will be enormously challenging. The mouse brain contains roughly 70 million neurons, the human brain a whopping 86 billion.

But the central complex paper is decidedly not a one-off; detailed studies of regional mouse and human connectomes are in the pipeline, Reid said: “There’s a lot more to come.”

Journal editors, consider yourselves warned. 
&nbsp;

The brain of a fruit fly is the size of a poppy seed and about as easy to overlook. “Most people, I think, don’t even think of the fly as having a brain,” said Vivek Jayaraman, a neuroscientist at the Janelia Research Campus of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Virginia.

The brain of a fruit fly is the size of a poppy seed and about as easy to overlook. “Most people, I think, don’t even think of the fly as having a brain,” said Vivek Jayaraman, a neuroscientist at the Janelia Research Campus of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Virginia. “But, of course, flies lead quite rich lives.” Flies are capable of sophisticated behaviors. And their specksize brains are tremendously complex, containing about 100,000 neurons and tens of millions of connections, or synapses, between them. Since 2014, a team of scientists at Janelia, in collaboration with researchers at Google, have been mapping these neurons and synapses in an effort to create a comprehensive wiring diagram, also known as a connectome, of the fruit fly brain. The work is time-consuming and expensive, even with the help of state-of-the-art machine-learning algorithms. But the data they have released so far is stunning in its detail, composing an atlas of gnarled neurons in many crucial areas of the fly brain. And now, in a new paper being published Tuesday in the journal eLife, neuroscientists are beginning to show what they can do with it. By analyzing the connectome of just a small part of the fly brain — the central complex, which plays an important role in navigation — Jayaraman and his colleagues identified dozens of new neuron types and pinpointed neural circuits that appear to help flies make their way through the world. The work could help provide insight into how all kinds of animal brains, including our own, process a flood of sensory information and translate it into appropriate action. It is also a proof of principle for the young field of modern connectomics, which was built on the promise that constructing detailed diagrams of the brain’s wiring would pay scientific dividends. “It’s really extraordinary,” Dr. Clay Reid, a senior investigator at the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle, said of the new paper. “I think anyone who looks at it will say connectomics is a tool that we need in neuroscience — full stop.” The only complete connectome in the animal kingdom belongs to the humble roundworm, C. elegans. Biologist Sydney Brenner, who would later go on to win a Nobel Prize, started the project in the 1960s. His small team spent years on it, using colored pens to trace all 302 neurons by hand. “Brenner realized that to understand the nervous system you had to know its structure,” said Scott Emmons, a neuroscientist and geneticist at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, who later used digital techniques to create new C. elegans connectomes. “And that’s true across biology. Structure is so important.” Brenner and his colleagues published their landmark paper in 1986. But the field of modern connectomics did not take off until the 2000s, when advances in imaging and computing finally made it feasible to map the connections in larger brains. In recent years, research teams have started assembling connectomes of zebrafish, songbirds, mice, humans and more. When the Janelia Research Campus opened in 2006, Gerald Rubin, its founding director, set his sights on the fruit fly. Several different teams at Janelia have embarked on fly connectome projects in the years since, but the work that led to the new paper began in 2014, with the brain of a single, 5-day-old female fruit fly. Researchers cut the fly brain into slabs and then used a technique known as focused-ion beam scanning electron microscopy to image them, layer by painstaking layer. The microscope essentially functioned like a tiny, precise nail file, filing away an exceedingly thin layer of the brain, snapping a picture of the exposed tissue and then repeating the process until nothing remained. “You’re simultaneously imaging and cutting off little slices of the fly brain, so they don’t exist after you’re done,” Jayaraman said. The team then used computer vision software to stitch the millions of resulting images back together into a single, 3D volume and sent it off to Google. There, researchers used advanced machine-learning algorithms to identify each individual neuron and trace its twisting branches. Finally, the Janelia team used additional computational tools to pinpoint the synapses, and human researchers proofread the computers’ work, correcting errors and refining the wiring diagrams. Last year, the researchers published the connectome for what they called the “hemibrain,” a large portion of the central fly brain, which includes regions and structures that are crucial for sleep, learning and navigation. The connectome, which is accessible free online, includes about 25,000 neurons and 20 million synapses, far more than the C. elegans connectome. “It’s a dramatic scaling up,” said Cori Bargmann, a neuroscientist at Rockefeller University in New York. “This is a tremendous step toward the goal of working out the connectivity of the brain.” Once the hemibrain connectome was ready, Jayaraman, an expert on the neuroscience of fly navigation, was eager to dive into the data on the central complex. The brain region, which contains nearly 3,000 neurons and is present in all insects, helps flies build an internal model of their spatial relationship to the world and then select and execute behaviors appropriate for their circumstances, such as searching for food. “You’re telling me you can give me the wiring diagram for something like this?” Jayaraman said. “This is better industrial espionage than you could get by getting insights into the Apple iPhone.” He and his colleagues studied how the region’s neural circuits were put together. For instance, Hannah Haberkern, a postdoctoral associate in Jayaraman’s lab, analyzed the neurons that send sensory information to the ellipsoid body, a doughnut-shape structure that acts as the fly’s internal compass. Haberkern found that neurons that are known to transmit information about the polarization of light — a global environmental cue that many animals use for navigation — made more connections to the compass neurons than did neurons that transmit information about other visual features and landmarks. The neurons dedicated to polarization of light also connect to, and are capable of strongly inhibiting, brain cells that provide information about other navigational cues. The researchers hypothesize that fly brains may be wired to prioritize information about the global environment when they are navigating, but also that these circuits are flexible, so that when such information is inadequate, they can pay more attention to local features of the landscape. Other members of the research team identified specific neural pathways that seem well suited to helping the fly keep track of its head and body orientation; anticipate its future orientation and traveling direction; calculate its current orientation relative to another desired location; and then move in that direction. Imagine, for instance, that a hungry fly temporarily abandons a rotting banana to see whether it can rustle up something better. But after a (literally) fruitless few minutes of exploration, it wants to return to its previous meal. The connectome data suggests that certain brain cells, technically known as PFL3 neurons, help the fly pull off this maneuver. These neurons receive two critical inputs: They get signals from neurons that track the direction the fly is facing as well as from neurons that may be keeping tabs on the direction of the banana. After receiving those signals, the PFL3 neurons then send out their own message to a set of turning neurons that prompt the fly to veer off in the correct direction. Dinner is served, again. “Being able to trace that activity through that circuit — from sensory back to motor through this complex intermediate circuit — is really amazing,” said Brad Hulse, a research scientist in Jayaraman’s lab who led this part of the analysis. The connectome, he added, “showed us a lot more than we thought it was going to.” And the group’s paper, a draft of which includes 75 figures and stretches to 360 pages, is just the beginning. “It just really provides this ground truth for exploring this brain region further,” said Stanley Heinze, an expert on insect neuroscience at Lund University in Sweden. “It’s just enormously impressive.” And just plain enormous. “I wouldn’t really treat it as a paper but more as a book,” Heinze said. In fact, the paper is so large that the preprint server bioRxiv initially declined to publish it, perhaps because the administrators thought it actually was a book, Jayaraman said. (The server ultimately did post the study, after a few extra days of processing, he noted.) The paper’s publication in the journal eLife “required some special permissions and back-and-forth with editorial staff,” Jayaraman said. There are limitations to what a snapshot of a single brain at a single moment in time can reveal, and connectomes do not capture everything of interest in an animal brain. (Janelia’s hemibrain connectome omits glial cells, for instance, which perform all sorts of important tasks in the brain.) Jayaraman and his colleagues stressed that they would not have been able to infer so much from the connectome if not for decades of prior research, by many other scientists, into fruit fly behavior and basic neuron physiology and function, as well as theoretical neuroscience work. But the wiring diagrams can help researchers investigate existing theories and generate better hypotheses, figuring out what questions to ask and which experiments to conduct. “Now what we’re really excited about is taking those ideas that the connectome inspired and going back to the microscope, going back to our electrodes and actually recording the brain and seeing if those ideas are true,” Hulse said. One could have asked — some did — why a fruit fly’s brain circuitry matters. “I get asked this at the holidays a lot,” Hulse said. Flies are not mice or chimps or humans, but their brains perform some of the same basic tasks. Understanding the basic neural circuitry in an insect could provide important clues to how other animal brains approach similar problems, said David Van Essen, a neuroscientist at Washington University in St. Louis. Gaining a deep understanding of the fly’s brain “also gives us insights that are very relevant to the understanding of mammalian, and even human, brains and behavior,” he said. Creating connectomes of larger, more complex brains will be enormously challenging. The mouse brain contains roughly 70 million neurons, the human brain a whopping 86 billion. But the central complex paper is decidedly not a one-off; detailed studies of regional mouse and human connectomes are in the pipeline, Reid said: “There’s a lot more to come.” Journal editors, consider yourselves warned.

How to map a fly brain in 20 million easy steps

Being 90s baby or 90s kid and wearing this fact on the sleeve is all in vogue. Well yeah, the decade was unique. Although majority of millennials can't get enough of 90s music, 90s life and what not, something that happened bang at the start of the decade may not always be remembered by the young crowd. But one such song has come in news. You Can't Touch This by MC Hammer. The song has hit headlines again after a DJ found that baby Zebrafish groove to this.

DJ finds baby Zebrafish 'grooving' to MC Hammer hit song

Being a 90s baby or 90s kid and wearing this fact on the sleeve is all in vogue. Well yeah, the decade was unique. Although the majority of millennials can't get enough of 90s music, 90s life and whatnot, something that happened bang at the start of the decade may not always be remembered by the young crowd.

But one such song has come in news.&nbsp;You Can't Touch This by MC Hammer. You can hear the song in this story. Yeah, the beat is quite familiar. So not really a forgotten gem.

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But the song has hit headlines again after a DJ found that baby Zebrafish groove to this.

<img alt="Zebrafish" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="05539c99-23c0-49b8-9e9d-84351e1b21f5" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/Zebrafish.jpg" />

Enter DJ Rebecca Poulsen aka BeXta, Australia's first female dance music producer.&nbsp;

After hundreds of gigs around the globe, Poulsen continues to churn out funky scores and tracks. But she is even studying Neuroscience at University of Queensland. And guess what, she found that baby Zebrafish had a reaction to the MC Hammer hit song. Neurons in Zebrafish's brains fired up at a particular vocal by MC Hammer.

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Can <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/zebrafish?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#zebrafish</a> encode the unique properties of sound? Like pure tones vs white noise, or different shaped waveforms? Our new <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/preprint?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#preprint</a> from <a href="https://twitter.com/LabEthan?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@labEthan</a> says yes! Check out our example with <a href="https://twitter.com/MCHammer?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@McHammer</a>! Can you find the vocal neurons? <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/auditory?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#auditory</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/phdLife?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#phdLife</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/HammerTime?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#HammerTime</a> 1/ <a href="https://t.co/8hYIUBDjBW">pic.twitter.com/8hYIUBDjBW</a>
— BeXta (@djBeXta) <a href="https://twitter.com/djBeXta/status/1308245018071588864?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 22, 2020</a></blockquote>
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What perhaps makes this unique is that Poulsen tried subjecting the Zebrafish to White Noise and as per her tweet, the fish had a different reaction to music than they exhibited only for White Noise.

"...These results suggest a more nuanced auditory system than has previously been described in larval fish and provide insights into how a young animal’s auditory system can both function acutely and serve as the scaffold for a more complex adult system," she says in her research paper published in Current Biology.

To put it strictly, Poulsen did not base her research on MC Hammer song. She studied how their brain reacted to simpler sounds with help of a laser scan

But then, she thought of You Can't Touch This and got special, small speakers so that noise from bigger speakers did not put the Zecrafish larvae in danger.

And voila! Their brains had a different reaction

Poulsen tagged MC Hammer himself in her tweet. The artist was amused and even replied back

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Sparking thoughts !!! 💥💥💥<a href="https://t.co/krs0zL1xWo">pic.twitter.com/krs0zL1xWo</a> <a href="https://t.co/0lPZ1YEg4U">https://t.co/0lPZ1YEg4U</a>
— MC HAMMER (@MCHammer) <a href="https://twitter.com/MCHammer/status/1367267341063528451?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 4, 2021</a></blockquote>
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When does a sound become music? Can animals discern between different types of music?

The answer may lie in this research, who knows?

Being a 90s baby or 90s kid and wearing this fact on the sleeve is all in vogue. Well yeah, the decade was unique. Although the majority of millennials can't get enough of 90s music, 90s life and whatnot, something that happened bang at the start of the decade may not always be remembered by the young crowd.

Being a 90s baby or 90s kid and wearing this fact on the sleeve is all in vogue. Well yeah, the decade was unique. Although the majority of millennials can't get enough of 90s music, 90s life and whatnot, something that happened bang at the start of the decade may not always be remembered by the young crowd. But one such song has come in news. You Can't Touch This by MC Hammer. You can hear the song in this story. Yeah, the beat is quite familiar. So not really a forgotten gem. × But the song has hit headlines again after a DJ found that baby Zebrafish groove to this. Enter DJ Rebecca Poulsen aka BeXta, Australia's first female dance music producer. After hundreds of gigs around the globe, Poulsen continues to churn out funky scores and tracks. But she is even studying Neuroscience at University of Queensland. And guess what, she found that baby Zebrafish had a reaction to the MC Hammer hit song. Neurons in Zebrafish's brains fired up at a particular vocal by MC Hammer. Can #zebrafish encode the unique properties of sound? Like pure tones vs white noise, or different shaped waveforms? Our new #preprint from @labEthan says yes! Check out our example with @McHammer! Can you find the vocal neurons? #auditory #phdLife #HammerTime 1/ pic.twitter.com/8hYIUBDjBW — BeXta (@djBeXta) September 22, 2020 × What perhaps makes this unique is that Poulsen tried subjecting the Zebrafish to White Noise and as per her tweet, the fish had a different reaction to music than they exhibited only for White Noise. "...These results suggest a more nuanced auditory system than has previously been described in larval fish and provide insights into how a young animal’s auditory system can both function acutely and serve as the scaffold for a more complex adult system," she says in her research paper published in Current Biology. To put it strictly, Poulsen did not base her research on MC Hammer song. She studied how their brain reacted to simpler sounds with help of a laser scan But then, she thought of You Can't Touch This and got special, small speakers so that noise from bigger speakers did not put the Zecrafish larvae in danger. And voila! Their brains had a different reaction Poulsen tagged MC Hammer himself in her tweet. The artist was amused and even replied back Sparking thoughts !!! 💥💥💥pic.twitter.com/krs0zL1xWo https://t.co/0lPZ1YEg4U — MC HAMMER (@MCHammer) March 4, 2021 × When does a sound become music? Can animals discern between different types of music? The answer may lie in this research, who knows?

DJ finds out baby Zebrafish 'groove' to MC Hammer hit song

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