ISRO announced a breakthrough in rocket engine technology, having developed a lightweight Carbon-Carbon (C-C) nozzle. This innovation, achieved by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), is set to enhance critical parameters of rocket engines, including thrust levels and payload capacity.

ISRO stated that the VSSC in Thiruvananthapuram used advanced Carbon-Carbon (C-C) composites to make a nozzle with top-notch features.

By using methods like carbonising green composites, chemical vapour infiltration, and high-temperature treatment, ISRO has created a lightweight nozzle with strong, durable properties, capable of maintaining its strength even in high temperatures.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/spacex-launches-tata-group-satellite-assembled-and-tested-in-india-709083">Also read |&nbsp;SpaceX launches TATA Group satellite assembled and tested in India</a>

<h2>What's the special feature?</h2>

ISRO mentioned a special feature of the C-C nozzle: it has a coating made of silicon carbide, which helps it work better in environments where oxidation occurs. This makes it stronger against heat and corrosion, allowing it to handle tough conditions.

This improvement is important, especially for ISRO's main rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). Currently, the PS4 stage of the PSLV uses nozzles made of a metal called columbium alloy. But if ISRO switches these out for C-C nozzles, they could make the rocket lighter by about 67 per cent.

This change could let the PSLV carry 15 kg more payload into space, which is a big deal for missions.

Testing the C-C nozzle was a big step for ISRO. They did a 60-second test on March 19, 2024, at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test showed that the system works well and the hardware is strong.

Also watch |&nbsp;ISRO Chief S Somanath explains role of India's NavIC satellites; know all about NavIC satellites

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"Subsequent tests, including a 200-second hot test on April 2, 2024, further validated the nozzle's capabilities, with temperatures reaching 1216 K, matching predictions," the release said.

The teamwork included the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) in Valiamala near Thiruvananthapuram, which planned and set up the test. The testing and execution happened at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in IPRC, as mentioned.

(With inputs from agencies)

ISRO announced a breakthrough in rocket engine technology, having developed a lightweight Carbon-Carbon (C-C) nozzle. This innovation, achieved by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), is set to enhance critical parameters of rocket engines, including thrust levels and payload capacity.

ISRO announced a breakthrough in rocket engine technology, having developed a lightweight Carbon-Carbon (C-C) nozzle. This innovation, achieved by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), is set to enhance critical parameters of rocket engines, including thrust levels and payload capacity. ISRO stated that the VSSC in Thiruvananthapuram used advanced Carbon-Carbon (C-C) composites to make a nozzle with top-notch features. By using methods like carbonising green composites, chemical vapour infiltration, and high-temperature treatment, ISRO has created a lightweight nozzle with strong, durable properties, capable of maintaining its strength even in high temperatures. Also read | SpaceX launches TATA Group satellite assembled and tested in India What's the special feature? ISRO mentioned a special feature of the C-C nozzle: it has a coating made of silicon carbide, which helps it work better in environments where oxidation occurs. This makes it stronger against heat and corrosion, allowing it to handle tough conditions. This improvement is important, especially for ISRO's main rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). Currently, the PS4 stage of the PSLV uses nozzles made of a metal called columbium alloy. But if ISRO switches these out for C-C nozzles, they could make the rocket lighter by about 67 per cent. This change could let the PSLV carry 15 kg more payload into space, which is a big deal for missions. Testing the C-C nozzle was a big step for ISRO. They did a 60-second test on March 19, 2024, at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test showed that the system works well and the hardware is strong. Also watch | ISRO Chief S Somanath explains role of India's NavIC satellites; know all about NavIC satellites "Subsequent tests, including a 200-second hot test on April 2, 2024, further validated the nozzle's capabilities, with temperatures reaching 1216 K, matching predictions," the release said. The teamwork included the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) in Valiamala near Thiruvananthapuram, which planned and set up the test. The testing and execution happened at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in IPRC, as mentioned. (With inputs from agencies)

ISRO scientists create new lightweight nozzle for rocket engines, call it ‘breakthrough’

The Indian&nbsp;Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently completed a successful test of what it called a hybrid motor. Conventional motors that are developed by ISRO burn a chemical combination that is in similar states (either solid or liquid), i.e., they are&nbsp;powered by solid fuel and solid oxidizers or liquid fuel and liquid oxidisers. However, the latest Hybrid motor uses a Solid fuel Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) as an oxidizer.&nbsp;

According to ISRO, the test of flight equivalent 30 kN hybrid motor demonstrated ignition and sustained combustion for the intended duration of 15 seconds. The motor performance was satisfactory, the Indian space agency added.&nbsp; 
&nbsp; 
Speaking to WION, Dr S. Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre highlighted the advantages of the hybrid motor and its future applications. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is the lead Centre of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) under the Department of Space (DOS), Government of India. The Centre is named in fond memory of Dr Vikram A Sarabhai, the great visionary and the father of the Indian Space Programme. VSSC pioneers in rocket research and launch vehicle projects of ISRO.&nbsp;

He said that rocket motors powered by solid fuels and solid oxidizers are a single-use category. This essentially means that they are discarded (fall back into the ocean) after they burn out the fuel contained within. These motors also cannot be re-started and fired again. However, in the case of motors that use liquid fuel and a liquid oxidizer, the motors can be restarted and the amount of thrust can be throttled (controlled).&nbsp;

In the hybrid motor, the use of Liquid oxygen as oxidizer enables throttling of the motor and the control over the flow rate of the Liquid oxygen enables the re-start capability.

Simply put, the hybrid motor tested by ISRO combines the high-thrust capability of solid-fuelled motors and the re-start and throttle capability of liquid-fuelled motors. "Hybrid motors can be used for applications such as spent stage recovery (partially-reusable rockets). This technology is scalable and can be used for future rockets where there is a need for restart, throttle ability, more safety and greener fuel" Dr Nair elaborated.

He also added that the 30kN hybrid motor was designed using the Rohini Sounding Rocket (RSR300) motor case and hence the new hybrid motor could be flight tested in the sounding rocket. Sounding rockets are smaller rockets that are meant to conduct upper atmospheric and space research. They are smaller and simpler in terms of technology and carry very less (up to 100kg payload) to altitudes between 80 km and 475 km when compared to orbital rockets that carry tons of payload to various orbits.

Queried about the specific purpose of firing the new hybrid motor for a short duration of 15 seconds, Dr Nair replied that&nbsp;duration was chosen because the most important part is the starting transient and how quickly the thrust gets stabilised from the ignition. He added that the duration of motor firing could be easily stretched for longer periods.

(With inputs from agencies)

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The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently completed a successful test of what it called a hybrid motor. Conventional motors that are developed by ISRO burn a chemical combination that is in similar states (either solid or liquid), i.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently completed a successful test of what it called a hybrid motor. Conventional motors that are developed by ISRO burn a chemical combination that is in similar states (either solid or liquid), i.e., they are powered by solid fuel and solid oxidizers or liquid fuel and liquid oxidisers. However, the latest Hybrid motor uses a Solid fuel Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) as an oxidizer. According to ISRO, the test of flight equivalent 30 kN hybrid motor demonstrated ignition and sustained combustion for the intended duration of 15 seconds. The motor performance was satisfactory, the Indian space agency added. Speaking to WION, Dr S. Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre highlighted the advantages of the hybrid motor and its future applications. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is the lead Centre of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) under the Department of Space (DOS), Government of India. The Centre is named in fond memory of Dr Vikram A Sarabhai, the great visionary and the father of the Indian Space Programme. VSSC pioneers in rocket research and launch vehicle projects of ISRO. He said that rocket motors powered by solid fuels and solid oxidizers are a single-use category. This essentially means that they are discarded (fall back into the ocean) after they burn out the fuel contained within. These motors also cannot be re-started and fired again. However, in the case of motors that use liquid fuel and a liquid oxidizer, the motors can be restarted and the amount of thrust can be throttled (controlled). In the hybrid motor, the use of Liquid oxygen as oxidizer enables throttling of the motor and the control over the flow rate of the Liquid oxygen enables the re-start capability. Simply put, the hybrid motor tested by ISRO combines the high-thrust capability of solid-fuelled motors and the re-start and throttle capability of liquid-fuelled motors. "Hybrid motors can be used for applications such as spent stage recovery (partially-reusable rockets). This technology is scalable and can be used for future rockets where there is a need for restart, throttle ability, more safety and greener fuel" Dr Nair elaborated. He also added that the 30kN hybrid motor was designed using the Rohini Sounding Rocket (RSR300) motor case and hence the new hybrid motor could be flight tested in the sounding rocket. Sounding rockets are smaller rockets that are meant to conduct upper atmospheric and space research. They are smaller and simpler in terms of technology and carry very less (up to 100kg payload) to altitudes between 80 km and 475 km when compared to orbital rockets that carry tons of payload to various orbits. Queried about the specific purpose of firing the new hybrid motor for a short duration of 15 seconds, Dr Nair replied that duration was chosen because the most important part is the starting transient and how quickly the thrust gets stabilised from the ignition. He added that the duration of motor firing could be easily stretched for longer periods. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

ISRO VSSC Director explains significance of latest hybrid rocket motor test

The Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) is inviting applications from entrepreneurs and industries to mass manufacture oxygen concentrators that were developed in-house.&nbsp;

It comes at a time when the country is having to import various kinds of medical equipment and oxygen cylinders to bolster the fight against COVID-19.&nbsp;

ISRO’s Vikram Sarabhai Space Center(VSSC), which is the country’s lead centre for the development of rockets and related technologies has invited applications and shared the specifications of their product on their website.&nbsp;

The portable Medical Oxygen Concentrator (MOC) named "SHWAAS", which can deliver over 95 per cent&nbsp;enriched level of oxygen to support patients with respiratory illness or who are on oxygen therapy.&nbsp;

The device enhances the oxygen gas content by selectively separating the nitrogen gas from ambient air through Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA). SHWAAS is capable of supplying enriched oxygen continuously at10 LPM adequate for two patients at a time, said the post on ISRO’s website.

Zee Media had earlier reported on how ISRO is contributing to the country’s COVID-19 battle by scaling up its production of liquid oxygen, repurposing giant fuel tanks across India to store liquid oxygen, in-house development of medical technologies among others.&nbsp;

“These medical equipment are not under our area of work, it requires a deep understanding of human physiology, breathing etc.. Such devices aiding respiration must be able to sense, sync with unique breathing patterns and assist Doctors in saving lives. So, our young engineers, most of whom are in their 20s and 30s studied the theory and explored the processes to make this happen," Dr.S. Somanath, Director, VSSC had told Zee media earlier.&nbsp;

"It was a collaborative effort between several teams largely working from home and partly from labs, under the guidance of seniors and technicians. Ours is a highly inspired work culture, it’s not just about building rockets, we are ready to take on any challenge with our enthusiasm and ideas” Dr Somanath added.

The Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) is inviting applications from entrepreneurs and industries to mass manufacture oxygen concentrators that were developed in-house.

The Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) is inviting applications from entrepreneurs and industries to mass manufacture oxygen concentrators that were developed in-house. It comes at a time when the country is having to import various kinds of medical equipment and oxygen cylinders to bolster the fight against COVID-19. ISRO’s Vikram Sarabhai Space Center(VSSC), which is the country’s lead centre for the development of rockets and related technologies has invited applications and shared the specifications of their product on their website. The portable Medical Oxygen Concentrator (MOC) named "SHWAAS", which can deliver over 95 per cent enriched level of oxygen to support patients with respiratory illness or who are on oxygen therapy. The device enhances the oxygen gas content by selectively separating the nitrogen gas from ambient air through Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA). SHWAAS is capable of supplying enriched oxygen continuously at10 LPM adequate for two patients at a time, said the post on ISRO’s website. Zee Media had earlier reported on how ISRO is contributing to the country’s COVID-19 battle by scaling up its production of liquid oxygen, repurposing giant fuel tanks across India to store liquid oxygen, in-house development of medical technologies among others. “These medical equipment are not under our area of work, it requires a deep understanding of human physiology, breathing etc.. Such devices aiding respiration must be able to sense, sync with unique breathing patterns and assist Doctors in saving lives. So, our young engineers, most of whom are in their 20s and 30s studied the theory and explored the processes to make this happen," Dr.S. Somanath, Director, VSSC had told Zee media earlier. "It was a collaborative effort between several teams largely working from home and partly from labs, under the guidance of seniors and technicians. Ours is a highly inspired work culture, it’s not just about building rockets, we are ready to take on any challenge with our enthusiasm and ideas” Dr Somanath added.

ISRO invites industry to mass manufacture its indigenous oxygen concentrators