In a new study, it has been found how inconvenient is death as an event for a living brain.&nbsp;

A cascade of effects has been observed as oxygen starts depleting and translating the DNA in its last efforts to save the life.

The scientists have compared the post-mortem brain tissue and samples collected from living patients in which significant differences were revealed for the first time in the way the RNA strands are modified.

The researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York emphasised the way specific base codes of adenosine (A) are swapped with very different bases, which is inosine (I) in messenger RNA.

"Until now, the investigation of&nbsp;A-to-I editing&nbsp;and its biological significance in the mammalian brain has been restricted to the analysis of postmortem tissues,"&nbsp;genomicist Michael Breen said while speaking to Science Alert.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gene-therapy-gives-life-to-child-with-rare-genetic-disorder-in-major-medical-breakthrough-736482">Gene therapy gives life to child with rare genetic disorder in major medical breakthrough</a>

"By using fresh samples from living individuals, we were able to uncover significant differences in RNA editing activity that previous studies, relying only on postmortem samples, may have overlooked," he added.

For changing the genes - which were encoded by double-stranded helixes of DNA - to functional proteins, their sequences need to be copied into different formats based instead on RNA.&nbsp;

Other RNA structures, which have amino acid building blocks, can translate these 'messengers' into proteins.

This intermediary transcription and translation service has been part of billions of years of evolution and has added a whole new library of proteins.

<h2>Some species rewriting own genetic instructions of their brains</h2>

Some species, like the types of cephalopod, have taken RNA editing to a different level by rewriting their own genetic instructions of their brain.

However, the samples collected and analysed suffer a major drawback.

Watch:&nbsp;Chinese scientists identify gene that may protect against obesity

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"We hypothesised that molecular responses to postmortem-induced hypoxic and immune responses can significantly alter the landscape of A-to-I editing,"&nbsp;said the lead author of the study Miguel Rodríguez de los Santos, who is a molecular biologist at Mount Sinai.

"This can lead to misunderstandings about RNA editing in the brain if we only study postmortem tissues," he said while speaking about the drawbacks.

"It is critical to note that our findings do not negate but instead provide missing context for using postmortem brain tissues in researching A-to-I regulation,"&nbsp;said co-senior author Alexander Charney, who is a physician-scientist at Mount Sinai.

"Understanding these differences helps improve our knowledge of brain function and disease through the lens of RNA editing modifications, which can potentially lead to better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches," he added.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a new study, it has been found how inconvenient is death as an event for a living brain. A cascade of effects has been observed as oxygen starts depleting and translating the DNA in its last efforts to save the life.

In a new study, it has been found how inconvenient is death as an event for a living brain. A cascade of effects has been observed as oxygen starts depleting and translating the DNA in its last efforts to save the life. The scientists have compared the post-mortem brain tissue and samples collected from living patients in which significant differences were revealed for the first time in the way the RNA strands are modified. The researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York emphasised the way specific base codes of adenosine (A) are swapped with very different bases, which is inosine (I) in messenger RNA. "Until now, the investigation of A-to-I editing and its biological significance in the mammalian brain has been restricted to the analysis of postmortem tissues," genomicist Michael Breen said while speaking to Science Alert. Also Read: Gene therapy gives life to child with rare genetic disorder in major medical breakthrough "By using fresh samples from living individuals, we were able to uncover significant differences in RNA editing activity that previous studies, relying only on postmortem samples, may have overlooked," he added. For changing the genes - which were encoded by double-stranded helixes of DNA - to functional proteins, their sequences need to be copied into different formats based instead on RNA. Other RNA structures, which have amino acid building blocks, can translate these 'messengers' into proteins. This intermediary transcription and translation service has been part of billions of years of evolution and has added a whole new library of proteins. Some species rewriting own genetic instructions of their brains Some species, like the types of cephalopod, have taken RNA editing to a different level by rewriting their own genetic instructions of their brain. However, the samples collected and analysed suffer a major drawback. Watch: Chinese scientists identify gene that may protect against obesity "We hypothesised that molecular responses to postmortem-induced hypoxic and immune responses can significantly alter the landscape of A-to-I editing," said the lead author of the study Miguel Rodríguez de los Santos, who is a molecular biologist at Mount Sinai. "This can lead to misunderstandings about RNA editing in the brain if we only study postmortem tissues," he said while speaking about the drawbacks. "It is critical to note that our findings do not negate but instead provide missing context for using postmortem brain tissues in researching A-to-I regulation," said co-senior author Alexander Charney, who is a physician-scientist at Mount Sinai. "Understanding these differences helps improve our knowledge of brain function and disease through the lens of RNA editing modifications, which can potentially lead to better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

Brain of humans goes through significant change after death: Study

The results of Australia’s census have been declared. It is carried out once in five years. The results show the country has been undergoing significant change. In the survey, the population has grown from 2.1 million in 2016 to 25.5 million in 2021. The average income has also gone slightly higher. The country seems to be becoming less religious and more diverse. In it, the indigenous population is increasing, while the number of millennials is also significant. Although home ownership is stagnant, the number of caravans has been rising.&nbsp;

Now, only 44% Australians are Christians, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) said. This has happened for the first time. The Christianity is still the biggest religion. Islam and Hinduism seem to be the fastest growing religions in the country. &nbsp;

After Australia and England, India has become the third-largest country of birth for the citizens of the country. The next ones are China and New Zealand. &nbsp;

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The number of indigenous Australians in the nation is 812,728. They are about 3.2% of the population. Each generation like Baby Boomers, Millennials, etc accounts&nbsp;for around 21.5% of the population in Australia. Around 60,000 caravans and 30,000 houseboats are owned by Australians. &nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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The results of Australia’s census have been declared. It is carried out once in five years. The results show the country has been undergoing significant change. In the survey, the population has grown from 2.

The results of Australia’s census have been declared. It is carried out once in five years. The results show the country has been undergoing significant change. In the survey, the population has grown from 2.1 million in 2016 to 25.5 million in 2021. The average income has also gone slightly higher. The country seems to be becoming less religious and more diverse. In it, the indigenous population is increasing, while the number of millennials is also significant. Although home ownership is stagnant, the number of caravans has been rising. Now, only 44% Australians are Christians, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) said. This has happened for the first time. The Christianity is still the biggest religion. Islam and Hinduism seem to be the fastest growing religions in the country. After Australia and England, India has become the third-largest country of birth for the citizens of the country. The next ones are China and New Zealand. WATCH WION LIVE HERE The number of indigenous Australians in the nation is 812,728. They are about 3.2% of the population. Each generation like Baby Boomers, Millennials, etc accounts for around 21.5% of the population in Australia. Around 60,000 caravans and 30,000 houseboats are owned by Australians. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Australia undergoing significant change, reveal census results

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