China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its navy on Tuesday by showing off its growing fleet in a sea parade featuring a brand new guided-missile destroyer.

Under grey, foggy skies, Chinese President Xi Jinping stood on a warship to take the salute from 32 Chinese vessels, including submarines, and 39 planes off the eastern city of Qingdao.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/indian-australian-warships-arrive-in-china-for-naval-parade-212329">In pics: Indian, Australian warships arrive in China for naval parade</a>

China also took the occasion to unveil the Nanchang, a 10,000-ton class guided-missile destroyer.

Ships from 13 other countries including Russia, Thailand, Vietnam and India also took part in the parade.

Vietnam and other countries in the region frequently complain about China's activities in the disputed South China Sea, where Beijing has built artificial islands and military installations.

Xi told foreign delegations attending the naval event that China would "unswervingly stay on the path of peaceful development," according to the official Xinhua news agency.

All countries should promote "proper" solutions to maritime disputes, Xi said.

Absent from the celebrations was the United States Navy, which had said it would not participate.&nbsp;

During similar celebrations a decade ago, the US sent missile destroyer the USS Fitzgerald, which joined an international fleet review.

China is racing to modernise its People's Liberation Army, with Xi calling for the country to have a "world-class" military by mid-century.

Its sole operational aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, is a repurposed Soviet ship bought from Ukraine which went into service in 2012.&nbsp;

Another domestically-made carrier is still undergoing sea tests to add more firepower to the naval fleet.

China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its navy on Tuesday by showing off its growing fleet in a sea parade featuring a brand new guided-missile destroyer. Under grey, foggy skies, Chinese President Xi Jinping stood on a warship to take the salute from 32 Chinese vessels, including submarines, and 39 planes off the eastern city of Qingdao.

China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its navy on Tuesday by showing off its growing fleet in a sea parade featuring a brand new guided-missile destroyer. Under grey, foggy skies, Chinese President Xi Jinping stood on a warship to take the salute from 32 Chinese vessels, including submarines, and 39 planes off the eastern city of Qingdao. In pics: Indian, Australian warships arrive in China for naval parade China also took the occasion to unveil the Nanchang, a 10,000-ton class guided-missile destroyer. Ships from 13 other countries including Russia, Thailand, Vietnam and India also took part in the parade. Vietnam and other countries in the region frequently complain about China's activities in the disputed South China Sea, where Beijing has built artificial islands and military installations. Xi told foreign delegations attending the naval event that China would "unswervingly stay on the path of peaceful development," according to the official Xinhua news agency. All countries should promote "proper" solutions to maritime disputes, Xi said. Absent from the celebrations was the United States Navy, which had said it would not participate. During similar celebrations a decade ago, the US sent missile destroyer the USS Fitzgerald, which joined an international fleet review. China is racing to modernise its People's Liberation Army, with Xi calling for the country to have a "world-class" military by mid-century. Its sole operational aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, is a repurposed Soviet ship bought from Ukraine which went into service in 2012. Another domestically-made carrier is still undergoing sea tests to add more firepower to the naval fleet.

Chinese navy shows off new warship in 70th anniversary parade

China will show off new warships including nuclear submarines and destroyers at a parade next week marking 70 years since it's navy's founding, a senior commander said on Saturday, as <a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.wionews.com/world/us-china-report-progress-in-beijing-trade-talks-206635&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=0ahUKEwiOguuzgt7hAhXE6nMBHWxhBFwQFggFMAA&amp;client=internal-uds-cse&amp;cx=006054055338965708568:09spwrlibei&amp;usg=AOvVaw2Sv5CgupavonOVJXZ4WClg">Beijing </a>flexes its increasingly well-equipped military muscle.

President Xi Jinping is overseeing a sweeping plan to refurbish the People's Liberation Army (PLA) by developing everything from stealth jets to aircraft carriers as China ramps up its presence in the South China Sea and around self-ruled Taiwan.

The navy has been a key beneficiary of the modernisation plan as China looks to project power far from the country's shores and protect its trading routes and citizens overseas.

Last month, Beijing unveiled a target of 7.5 per cent rise in defence spending for this year, a slower rate than last year but still outpacing China's economic growth target.

Deputy naval commander Qiu Yanpeng told reporters in the eastern city of Qingdao that Tuesday's naval parade - likely to be overseen by Xi himself, though China has not confirmed that - will feature 32 vessels and 39 aircraft.

"The PLA Navy ship and aircraft to be revealed are the Liaoning aircraft carrier, new types of nuclear submarines, new types of destroyers, as well as fighter aircraft," Qiu said, without giving details. "Some ships will be revealed for the first time."

The Liaoning, the country's first carrier, was bought second-hand from Ukraine in 1998 and refitted in China.

It's not clear if China's second carrier, an as-yet-unnamed ship developed and built purely in China, will also take part, but in the past few days, state media has run stories praising recent sea trials.

Around a dozen foreign navies are also taking part. While Qiu did not give an exact number, China has announced the parade would include ships from Russia, Singapore, India, Thailand and Vietnam - which frequently complains of Chinese military activity in the disputed South China Sea.

China's last naval battles were with the Vietnamese in the South China Sea, in 1974 and 1988, though these were relatively minor skirmishes.

Chinese navy ships have also participated in international anti-piracy patrols off Somalia's coast since late 2008.

Strong Navy 'Essential'

Qiu reiterated China's frequent stance that its armed forces are not a threat to anyone and that no matter what happens it will never "pursue hegemony".

"It is fair to say that the PLA Navy has not brought war or turbulence to any place," Qiu said.

But China has been scared by its past and needs good defences at sea, he added.

"A strong navy is essential for building a strong maritime country," Qiu said. "From 1840 to 1949, China was invaded by foreign powers from the sea more than 470 times, which caused untold suffering and deep wounds to the Chinese nation."

China has frequently had to rebuff concerns about its military intentions, especially as military spending continues to scale new heights.

Beijing says it has nothing to hide and has invited foreign media to cover next week's naval parade and related activities, including a keynote speech by navy chief Shen Jinlong, who is close to Xi.

Zhang Junshe, a researcher at the PLA's Naval Research Academy, told reporters after Qiu had spoken that inviting foreign navies to take part in the parade was a sign of China's openness and self-confidence, noting China had also done this for the 60th anniversary in 2009.

"New nuclear submarines and new warships will be shown - this further goes to show that China's navy is open and transparent," said Zhang.

China will show off new warships including nuclear submarines and destroyers at a parade next week marking 70 years since it's navy's founding, a senior commander said on Saturday, as Beijing flexes its increasingly well-equipped military muscle.

China will show off new warships including nuclear submarines and destroyers at a parade next week marking 70 years since it's navy's founding, a senior commander said on Saturday, as Beijing flexes its increasingly well-equipped military muscle. President Xi Jinping is overseeing a sweeping plan to refurbish the People's Liberation Army (PLA) by developing everything from stealth jets to aircraft carriers as China ramps up its presence in the South China Sea and around self-ruled Taiwan. The navy has been a key beneficiary of the modernisation plan as China looks to project power far from the country's shores and protect its trading routes and citizens overseas. Last month, Beijing unveiled a target of 7.5 per cent rise in defence spending for this year, a slower rate than last year but still outpacing China's economic growth target. Deputy naval commander Qiu Yanpeng told reporters in the eastern city of Qingdao that Tuesday's naval parade - likely to be overseen by Xi himself, though China has not confirmed that - will feature 32 vessels and 39 aircraft. "The PLA Navy ship and aircraft to be revealed are the Liaoning aircraft carrier, new types of nuclear submarines, new types of destroyers, as well as fighter aircraft," Qiu said, without giving details. "Some ships will be revealed for the first time." The Liaoning, the country's first carrier, was bought second-hand from Ukraine in 1998 and refitted in China. It's not clear if China's second carrier, an as-yet-unnamed ship developed and built purely in China, will also take part, but in the past few days, state media has run stories praising recent sea trials. Around a dozen foreign navies are also taking part. While Qiu did not give an exact number, China has announced the parade would include ships from Russia, Singapore, India, Thailand and Vietnam - which frequently complains of Chinese military activity in the disputed South China Sea. China's last naval battles were with the Vietnamese in the South China Sea, in 1974 and 1988, though these were relatively minor skirmishes. Chinese navy ships have also participated in international anti-piracy patrols off Somalia's coast since late 2008. Strong Navy 'Essential' Qiu reiterated China's frequent stance that its armed forces are not a threat to anyone and that no matter what happens it will never "pursue hegemony". "It is fair to say that the PLA Navy has not brought war or turbulence to any place," Qiu said. But China has been scared by its past and needs good defences at sea, he added. "A strong navy is essential for building a strong maritime country," Qiu said. "From 1840 to 1949, China was invaded by foreign powers from the sea more than 470 times, which caused untold suffering and deep wounds to the Chinese nation." China has frequently had to rebuff concerns about its military intentions, especially as military spending continues to scale new heights. Beijing says it has nothing to hide and has invited foreign media to cover next week's naval parade and related activities, including a keynote speech by navy chief Shen Jinlong, who is close to Xi. Zhang Junshe, a researcher at the PLA's Naval Research Academy, told reporters after Qiu had spoken that inviting foreign navies to take part in the parade was a sign of China's openness and self-confidence, noting China had also done this for the 60th anniversary in 2009. "New nuclear submarines and new warships will be shown - this further goes to show that China's navy is open and transparent," said Zhang.

China to show new warships as Beijing flexes military muscle on navy anniversary

The J-10 fighter jets of the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/how-china-armed-pakistans-air-force-with-jf-17-thunder-backbone-of-paf-201317">Chinese air force</a> will participate in Pakistan's National Day parade on March 23, state media reported Monday.

The J-10 fighter jets of the People's Liberation Army Air Force's Bayi Aerobatic Team arrived in Pakistan on Saturday in preparation for a flight performance there, Global Times reported.

Contingents from countries including China, Saudi Arabia and Turkey will participate in the parade, with Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad being the guest of honour, the report said.

Hu Zhiyong, a research fellow at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences' Institute of International Relations, told the daily that China sending fighter jets to celebrate Pakistan Day is symbolic of the friendship between the two countries noting that Pakistan is an "all-weather friend" of China.

Recently China announced plans to upgrade the JF-17 fighter jet being jointly produced by both the countries.

In addition to the J-10's flight performance, Chinese analysts expect more Chinese elements at Pakistan Day parade as the country operates a variety of Chinese weapons.&nbsp;

The Pakistan Air Force also operates the ZDK-03 early warning aircraft, which is developed by China and is reportedly capable of aerial detection and sharing real-time battlefield information.

The MBT-2000 main battle tank developed by China North Industries Corporation (Norinco) is designated the Al-Khalid in the Pakistan Army, the report said.

Pakistan also operates the likes of China's HJ-8 anti-tank missile and FM-90 air defence missile, according to China Military Online.

Hu noted that China has contributed to Pakistan's military development, as China has been helping the country with its national defence industry for decades.

China is likely to have more joint development projects and arms sales to Pakistan in the future, the Global Times report said.&nbsp;

The J-10 fighter jets of the Chinese air force will participate in Pakistan's National Day parade on March 23, state media reported Monday. The J-10 fighter jets of the People's Liberation Army Air Force's Bayi Aerobatic Team arrived in Pakistan on Saturday in preparation for a flight performance there, Global Times reported.

The J-10 fighter jets of the Chinese air force will participate in Pakistan's National Day parade on March 23, state media reported Monday. The J-10 fighter jets of the People's Liberation Army Air Force's Bayi Aerobatic Team arrived in Pakistan on Saturday in preparation for a flight performance there, Global Times reported. Contingents from countries including China, Saudi Arabia and Turkey will participate in the parade, with Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad being the guest of honour, the report said. Hu Zhiyong, a research fellow at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences' Institute of International Relations, told the daily that China sending fighter jets to celebrate Pakistan Day is symbolic of the friendship between the two countries noting that Pakistan is an "all-weather friend" of China. Recently China announced plans to upgrade the JF-17 fighter jet being jointly produced by both the countries. In addition to the J-10's flight performance, Chinese analysts expect more Chinese elements at Pakistan Day parade as the country operates a variety of Chinese weapons. The Pakistan Air Force also operates the ZDK-03 early warning aircraft, which is developed by China and is reportedly capable of aerial detection and sharing real-time battlefield information. The MBT-2000 main battle tank developed by China North Industries Corporation (Norinco) is designated the Al-Khalid in the Pakistan Army, the report said. Pakistan also operates the likes of China's HJ-8 anti-tank missile and FM-90 air defence missile, according to China Military Online. Hu noted that China has contributed to Pakistan's military development, as China has been helping the country with its national defence industry for decades. China is likely to have more joint development projects and arms sales to Pakistan in the future, the Global Times report said.

China's J-10 fighter jets to take part in Pakistan's National Day parade

China plans to build four nuclear-powered aircraft carriers by 2035 and develop new carrier-based fighter jets as Beijing tries to boost its naval prowess and catch up with the powerful US Navy, a media report Wednesday quoted Chinese military experts as saying.&nbsp;

China currently has one aircraft carrier in service the Liaoning, commissioned in 2012 and the Type 001A, the first carrier built in the country, which is still being tested.

Chinese President Xi Jinping, also the head of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) has ordered the military to modernise by 2035 and become a top-ranked fighting force by 2050.&nbsp;

Four of at least six aircraft battle groups China plans to have in the water by 2035 will be nuclear-powered, as the Asian giant tries to equal the US in naval strength, the South China Morning Post reported.

The experts said that after decades of trying to close the gap, the PLA Navy's hardware might by then be closer to matching the world's leading superpower in aircraft carrier technology but it would still lag in real combat experience.

All of China's new carriers were expected to be equipped with electromagnetic catapults similar to those used by the United States, the experts said.&nbsp;

The US' electromagnetic aircraft launch system, known as EMALS, can launch more aircraft more rapidly than the older diesel systems.

"China's nuclear-powered aircraft carriers with [EMALS-like systems] are expected to join the navy by 2035, bringing the total number of carriers to at least six although only four will work at the front line," Wang Yunfei, a naval expert and retired PLA destroyer naval officer, said.

"The country needs to keep developing until it is at the same level as the United States," Wang was quoted as saying by the Hong Kong-based newspaper.

The US seeks to keep its place as the dominant naval power across the Indo-Pacific, where Washington and its allies believe Beijing is trying to rewrite international rules and military alliances in place since World War II.

But Beijing is keen to expand its aircraft carrier battle groups to fulfil its global naval ambitions and defend its growing overseas interests.&nbsp;

Construction of its next conventional diesel-powered aircraft carrier, the Type 002 the first equipped with the electromagnetic launchers began last year.

Wang said the budget for the carrier projects would not be cut despite an economic slowdown and a trade war with the US.

"Even if the economic downturn has an effect, we can adjust proportions in total military expenditure to make sure naval modernisation keeps going," he said.&nbsp;

Song Zhongping, a television military commentator in Hong Kong, said China's fleet of aircraft carriers would expand to reflect its global standing.

With the PLA planning to have four nuclear-powered carrier battle groups on the front line by 2035, the Type 001A and its next-generation carrier Type 002 would become temporary battleships, Song said.

Both Wang and Song said the Liaoning would be replaced by the Type 001A by 2035, by which time the Liaoning would be obsolete. The Liaoning was refitted from a half-built Soviet hull bought from Ukraine in 1998 and is used to train carrier crews.

The PLA Navy will develop one of its fighter jets for use on its aircraft carriers, with debate ongoing over whether that will be the FC-31 or J-20. China has just one type of carrier-based fighter jet, the J-15, whereas the US has two.

Wang said Chinese engineers were developing a next-generation carrier-based fighter, describing it as a variant of the FC-31 stealth fighter, whose fighting capability may be "a little bit behind the US' F-35C".

Song said China's overall strength would remain limited by a lack of combat experience.

"China's aircraft carrier technology and its carrier-based fighter jets will be developed to match the same generation of their American counterparts, but hardware build-up is only part of the picture," he said.&nbsp;

China plans to build four nuclear-powered aircraft carriers by 2035 and develop new carrier-based fighter jets as Beijing tries to boost its naval prowess and catch up with the powerful US Navy, a media report Wednesday quoted Chinese military experts as saying.

China plans to build four nuclear-powered aircraft carriers by 2035 and develop new carrier-based fighter jets as Beijing tries to boost its naval prowess and catch up with the powerful US Navy, a media report Wednesday quoted Chinese military experts as saying. China currently has one aircraft carrier in service the Liaoning, commissioned in 2012 and the Type 001A, the first carrier built in the country, which is still being tested. Chinese President Xi Jinping, also the head of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) has ordered the military to modernise by 2035 and become a top-ranked fighting force by 2050. Four of at least six aircraft battle groups China plans to have in the water by 2035 will be nuclear-powered, as the Asian giant tries to equal the US in naval strength, the South China Morning Post reported. The experts said that after decades of trying to close the gap, the PLA Navy's hardware might by then be closer to matching the world's leading superpower in aircraft carrier technology but it would still lag in real combat experience. All of China's new carriers were expected to be equipped with electromagnetic catapults similar to those used by the United States, the experts said. The US' electromagnetic aircraft launch system, known as EMALS, can launch more aircraft more rapidly than the older diesel systems. "China's nuclear-powered aircraft carriers with [EMALS-like systems] are expected to join the navy by 2035, bringing the total number of carriers to at least six although only four will work at the front line," Wang Yunfei, a naval expert and retired PLA destroyer naval officer, said. "The country needs to keep developing until it is at the same level as the United States," Wang was quoted as saying by the Hong Kong-based newspaper. The US seeks to keep its place as the dominant naval power across the Indo-Pacific, where Washington and its allies believe Beijing is trying to rewrite international rules and military alliances in place since World War II. But Beijing is keen to expand its aircraft carrier battle groups to fulfil its global naval ambitions and defend its growing overseas interests. Construction of its next conventional diesel-powered aircraft carrier, the Type 002 the first equipped with the electromagnetic launchers began last year. Wang said the budget for the carrier projects would not be cut despite an economic slowdown and a trade war with the US. "Even if the economic downturn has an effect, we can adjust proportions in total military expenditure to make sure naval modernisation keeps going," he said. Song Zhongping, a television military commentator in Hong Kong, said China's fleet of aircraft carriers would expand to reflect its global standing. With the PLA planning to have four nuclear-powered carrier battle groups on the front line by 2035, the Type 001A and its next-generation carrier Type 002 would become temporary battleships, Song said. Both Wang and Song said the Liaoning would be replaced by the Type 001A by 2035, by which time the Liaoning would be obsolete. The Liaoning was refitted from a half-built Soviet hull bought from Ukraine in 1998 and is used to train carrier crews. The PLA Navy will develop one of its fighter jets for use on its aircraft carriers, with debate ongoing over whether that will be the FC-31 or J-20. China has just one type of carrier-based fighter jet, the J-15, whereas the US has two. Wang said Chinese engineers were developing a next-generation carrier-based fighter, describing it as a variant of the FC-31 stealth fighter, whose fighting capability may be "a little bit behind the US' F-35C". Song said China's overall strength would remain limited by a lack of combat experience. "China's aircraft carrier technology and its carrier-based fighter jets will be developed to match the same generation of their American counterparts, but hardware build-up is only part of the picture," he said.

China to build four nuclear aircraft carriers to catch up with US Navy: Report

A missile unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) rocket force successfully launched two new missiles in a recent combat drill under extreme conditions in the desert area of northwest <a href="http://www.wionews.com/world/us-should-stop-unreasonable-suppression-of-huawei-china-193706">China</a>.

Despite the harsh geographical conditions, low temperature and sandstorms on the highland, the officers and men successfully launched two new-type missiles, thus off to a good start in its annual training.

To enhance the troop's emergency response capacity, the commander sent several launching units with military equipment to different positions. All units thus carried out launching preparations at the same, and got ready for the firing. At the last moment, the commander gave order to a random unit to fire.

"All the launching units were put in place and only our unit was lucky enough to be picked to fire and launch the missiles," said Cui Chengxin, deputy company commander.

After launching the missiles, the unit was ordered to launch another strike. The soldiers soon moved to another position in an emergency, and got ready to fire.

To shorten the transfer time, the soldiers moved swiftly, replenished ammunition as soon as possible, and then took the new launching position in time as required.

"The field training was conducted with the requirements for real combat and we have further subdivided it into finer segments according to the complicated conditions of the future battlefields and organized action according to subjects and targets to test the real combat capabilities of the unit," said Jing Xiaopeng, deputy commander of the unit.

It was learned that during the drills, the unit also carried out trans-regional, long-time, high-intensity and multiple-situation training to raise the unit's quick response abilities and their sustainability in combat.

"We have brought the troops to the harshest environment for training in that we want them to hone on their skills that are best coping with the dangerous and difficult environment so as to really realize the best integration between man and equipment," said Yao Wenshan, commander of the unit.

A missile unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) rocket force successfully launched two new missiles in a recent combat drill under extreme conditions in the desert area of northwest China.

A missile unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) rocket force successfully launched two new missiles in a recent combat drill under extreme conditions in the desert area of northwest China. Despite the harsh geographical conditions, low temperature and sandstorms on the highland, the officers and men successfully launched two new-type missiles, thus off to a good start in its annual training. To enhance the troop's emergency response capacity, the commander sent several launching units with military equipment to different positions. All units thus carried out launching preparations at the same, and got ready for the firing. At the last moment, the commander gave order to a random unit to fire. "All the launching units were put in place and only our unit was lucky enough to be picked to fire and launch the missiles," said Cui Chengxin, deputy company commander. After launching the missiles, the unit was ordered to launch another strike. The soldiers soon moved to another position in an emergency, and got ready to fire. To shorten the transfer time, the soldiers moved swiftly, replenished ammunition as soon as possible, and then took the new launching position in time as required. "The field training was conducted with the requirements for real combat and we have further subdivided it into finer segments according to the complicated conditions of the future battlefields and organized action according to subjects and targets to test the real combat capabilities of the unit," said Jing Xiaopeng, deputy commander of the unit. It was learned that during the drills, the unit also carried out trans-regional, long-time, high-intensity and multiple-situation training to raise the unit's quick response abilities and their sustainability in combat. "We have brought the troops to the harshest environment for training in that we want them to hone on their skills that are best coping with the dangerous and difficult environment so as to really realize the best integration between man and equipment," said Yao Wenshan, commander of the unit.

In combat drill, China's rocket force launches new missiles in desert

India does not view its relations with China through the prism of China-Pakistan ties, Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Friday, but ruled out the possibility of New Delhi reviewing its stand on CPEC project, a major irritant in Sino-Indian relationship.

She also said New Delhi is alert to the economic assistance provided by China to India's neighbours and ramifications it could have for the country.

"One thing I want to assure here...We do not view our relations with China through the prism of China-Pakistan relations," the minister told an event to mark the 10th anniversary of 'Chennai Centre for China Studies' here.

Sitharaman brought up the issue of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), and made it clear that India will not "entertain any thought" of reviewing its stand on it, as it concerned its sovereignty.

"It is an issue of sovereignty, and we shall not entertain any thought (other than the stated Indian position) on that matter," she said.

The CPEC comprises a bunch of projects aimed at upgrading infrastructure in Pakistan and strengthening the economic ties between the two countries. The corridor will link Gwadar in south-western Pakistan to China's Xinjiang province, and would pass through Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir, a territory India claims as its own.

"The kind of economic assistance being extended to many of our neighbours are all very clearly impacting the economies there, probably helping to bond a relationship with those countries.

"As a result, even a strategic presence could be enabled. I see a linkage. This is something which I think all of us, you (Chennai Centre for China Studies) as a think tank, and we as a government, constantly be alert to and understand its ramifications," she said.

Sitharaman said Pakistani military was becoming increasingly dependent on the Chinese for arms and equipment.

"The focus of the reforms is therefore evidently moving towards the PLA (People's Liberation Army) Navy, PLA Airforce and PLA Rocket Forces as opposed to erstwhile emphasis on just the PLA," she said.

Noting that a "fundamental reorientation" of the China-Pakistan relations was not likely, the minister said last month's informal summit meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping was not just a "one-off" thing and that the two nations will "immensely benefit" from it.

"No doubt, in the long term, the relationship between India and China will immensely benefit from this engagement," she said.

Sitharaman said she was in China in April this year with External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's (SCO) foreign and defence ministers' meet where India made a pitch for a greater interactive forum. "And for that we should have definitely a hotline between India and China," she said.

The hotline, she said, would reduce the time consumed in reaching the empowered decision makers in times of confrontation at the ground level.

"We have certainly underlined the fact that the border personnel meet, flag officer meet can all happen. But we need to have a better hotline that would easily help us in being ready for a (conflict) resolution in a short time," she said.

India does not view its relations with China through the prism of China-Pakistan ties, Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Friday

India does not view its relations with China through the prism of China-Pakistan ties, Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Friday, but ruled out the possibility of New Delhi reviewing its stand on CPEC project, a major irritant in Sino-Indian relationship. She also said New Delhi is alert to the economic assistance provided by China to India's neighbours and ramifications it could have for the country. "One thing I want to assure here...We do not view our relations with China through the prism of China-Pakistan relations," the minister told an event to mark the 10th anniversary of 'Chennai Centre for China Studies' here. Sitharaman brought up the issue of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), and made it clear that India will not "entertain any thought" of reviewing its stand on it, as it concerned its sovereignty. "It is an issue of sovereignty, and we shall not entertain any thought (other than the stated Indian position) on that matter," she said. The CPEC comprises a bunch of projects aimed at upgrading infrastructure in Pakistan and strengthening the economic ties between the two countries. The corridor will link Gwadar in south-western Pakistan to China's Xinjiang province, and would pass through Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir, a territory India claims as its own. "The kind of economic assistance being extended to many of our neighbours are all very clearly impacting the economies there, probably helping to bond a relationship with those countries. "As a result, even a strategic presence could be enabled. I see a linkage. This is something which I think all of us, you (Chennai Centre for China Studies) as a think tank, and we as a government, constantly be alert to and understand its ramifications," she said. Sitharaman said Pakistani military was becoming increasingly dependent on the Chinese for arms and equipment. "The focus of the reforms is therefore evidently moving towards the PLA (People's Liberation Army) Navy, PLA Airforce and PLA Rocket Forces as opposed to erstwhile emphasis on just the PLA," she said. Noting that a "fundamental reorientation" of the China-Pakistan relations was not likely, the minister said last month's informal summit meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping was not just a "one-off" thing and that the two nations will "immensely benefit" from it. "No doubt, in the long term, the relationship between India and China will immensely benefit from this engagement," she said. Sitharaman said she was in China in April this year with External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's (SCO) foreign and defence ministers' meet where India made a pitch for a greater interactive forum. "And for that we should have definitely a hotline between India and China," she said. The hotline, she said, would reduce the time consumed in reaching the empowered decision makers in times of confrontation at the ground level. "We have certainly underlined the fact that the border personnel meet, flag officer meet can all happen. But we need to have a better hotline that would easily help us in being ready for a (conflict) resolution in a short time," she said.

No review of India's stand on China-Pak Corridor: Nirmala Sitharaman

The People's Liberation Army (LBA) has developed a new kind of equipment to improve the management of China's border defence.

As per security agencies sources, China has developed an early warning monitoring system and is now installing at Indo-China border for enhancing&nbsp;surveillance capacity at the border.

This system can be used in all weather condition. The early warning monitoring system, which has a network-centric&nbsp;surveillance camera, is capable of detecting any movement&nbsp;along the border areas.

China is placing these systems at the disputed border areas. The system will be capable of monitoring any movement through his surveillance camera.

As per an earlier report, the People's Liberation Army has begun making use of an advanced technology all along the Sino-India border. China is also using fabricated fortifications especially designed to shelter arms, equipment, personnel and observation stations from both plain sight and enemy attacks.

These fabricated fortifications are designed in a way that helps the PLA to erect them quickly and double up as a designed battlefield engineering support system. It is composed of the main frame with reactive projectile resistance and electromagnetic shielding systems. It can be assembled and dismantled multiple times, say sources.

PLA's Defence Engineering Research Insitute has developed these special fortifications which have four major categories: a) Observation centre, b) Shooting Command centre, c) Personnel sheltering, and d) Equipment sheltering.

These fortifications have lightweight components, flexible design construction and small size. The fortifications are also convenient for mobile transportation.

The Chinese Army has begun using these possibly showing that while calm may have returned to the border, the PLA is still actively looking to enhance its operational ability along the Sino-India border.

The early warning monitoring system, which has a network-centric surveillance camera, is capable of detecting any movement along the border areas

The People's Liberation Army (LBA) has developed a new kind of equipment to improve the management of China's border defence. As per security agencies sources, China has developed an early warning monitoring system and is now installing at Indo-China border for enhancing surveillance capacity at the border. This system can be used in all weather condition. The early warning monitoring system, which has a network-centric surveillance camera, is capable of detecting any movement along the border areas. China is placing these systems at the disputed border areas. The system will be capable of monitoring any movement through his surveillance camera. As per an earlier report, the People's Liberation Army has begun making use of an advanced technology all along the Sino-India border. China is also using fabricated fortifications especially designed to shelter arms, equipment, personnel and observation stations from both plain sight and enemy attacks. These fabricated fortifications are designed in a way that helps the PLA to erect them quickly and double up as a designed battlefield engineering support system. It is composed of the main frame with reactive projectile resistance and electromagnetic shielding systems. It can be assembled and dismantled multiple times, say sources. PLA's Defence Engineering Research Insitute has developed these special fortifications which have four major categories: a) Observation centre, b) Shooting Command centre, c) Personnel sheltering, and d) Equipment sheltering. These fortifications have lightweight components, flexible design construction and small size. The fortifications are also convenient for mobile transportation. The Chinese Army has begun using these possibly showing that while calm may have returned to the border, the PLA is still actively looking to enhance its operational ability along the Sino-India border.

PLA installing new early warning monitoring system at Indo-China Border

Months after India restricted China's attempt at expanding over Doklam region in Bhutan, reports emerge showing Chinese presence along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Arunachal Pradesh.

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A group of Chinese constructions, including new People's Liberation Army (PLA) camp, was seen along the LAC in the eastern state.

Chinese expansion along the international border also included Chinese telecommunications tower and an observation post with a surveillance equipment.

The latest expansion from the Chinese side was seen in an area&nbsp;called Tatu located on the other side of Arunachal Pradesh's Kibithu.

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<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Chinese?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Chinese</a> infrastructure, including new People's Liberation Army (<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/PLA?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#PLA</a>) camp & houses in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Tatu?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Tatu</a>, on the other side of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ArunachalPradesh?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ArunachalPradesh</a>'s Kibithu. <a href="https://t.co/ncTuGWa25p">pic.twitter.com/ncTuGWa25p</a>
— ANI (@ANI) <a href="https://twitter.com/ANI/status/979902698630901761?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 31, 2018</a></blockquote>
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<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Chinese?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Chinese</a> telecommunications tower and observation post with surveillance equipment, a part of their infrastructure in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Tatu?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Tatu</a>, which is on the other side of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ArunachalPradesh?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ArunachalPradesh</a>'s Kibithu. <a href="https://t.co/I0PAmh0ZHo">pic.twitter.com/I0PAmh0ZHo</a>
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Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman had said earlier this month that China was involved in the construction of helipads, sentry posts and trenches for its army personnel in Doklam.

Her statement came right after India's envoy in Beijing cautioned the government that any change of status quo along the India-China border may lead to another Doklam-like crisis.&nbsp;

India's envoy to China also asserted that there was "no change" at the standoff site even if the Chinese armed forces are trying to reinforce its troops "well behind the sensitive area".

A group of Chinese infrastructure including new People's Liberation Army (PLA) camp was seen along the LAC in the eastern state

Months after India restricted China's attempt at expanding over Doklam region in Bhutan, reports emerge showing Chinese presence along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Arunachal Pradesh. × A group of Chinese constructions, including new People's Liberation Army (PLA) camp, was seen along the LAC in the eastern state. Chinese expansion along the international border also included Chinese telecommunications tower and an observation post with a surveillance equipment. The latest expansion from the Chinese side was seen in an area called Tatu located on the other side of Arunachal Pradesh's Kibithu. #Chinese infrastructure, including new People's Liberation Army (#PLA) camp & houses in #Tatu, on the other side of #ArunachalPradesh's Kibithu. pic.twitter.com/ncTuGWa25p — ANI (@ANI) March 31, 2018 × #Chinese telecommunications tower and observation post with surveillance equipment, a part of their infrastructure in #Tatu, which is on the other side of #ArunachalPradesh's Kibithu. pic.twitter.com/I0PAmh0ZHo — ANI (@ANI) March 31, 2018 × Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman had said earlier this month that China was involved in the construction of helipads, sentry posts and trenches for its army personnel in Doklam. Her statement came right after India's envoy in Beijing cautioned the government that any change of status quo along the India-China border may lead to another Doklam-like crisis. India's envoy to China also asserted that there was "no change" at the standoff site even if the Chinese armed forces are trying to reinforce its troops "well behind the sensitive area".

Chinese Army builds tower, camps along LAC in Arunachal Pradesh

In a rare visit, Army Chief General Bipin Rawat, Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale and National Security Adviser (NSA) Ajit Doval quietly travelled to Bhutan earlier this month where they held extensive talks with the Bhutanese leadership on key strategic issues including the situation in Doklam, government sources said.

The visit came after reports from intelligence agencies that soldiers from China&#39;s People&#39;s Liberation Army (PLA) were seen patrolling areas which are under Bhutan&#39;s control.

According to intelligence agencies, the Chinese Army has been holding intrusive patrolling in areas near Doklam like Lhariong, Sarithang, Sinchulumpa and Pangka La; the PLA has also been conducting fighter and helicopter reconnaissance sorties over the areas.

Also read: <a href="http://www.wionews.com/world/why-is-doklam-emerging-as-a-flash-point-between-china-and-india-17553" target="_blank">Why Doklam is emerging as a flashpoint between India and China</a>

Despite the onset of winters, the PLA was continuing with force consolidation in western sector, the intelligence agencies said. Apart from the field defences constructed north of Doklam, the PLA has also erected around 25 small to medium size tents alongside open communication trenches in the area, they said.

A PLA observation post with Chinese flag was been observed in the area, the intelligence agencies said adding that Chinese soldiers continue to ferry troops and logistics supplies towards Doka La cutting past Bhutan&#39;s claim line, the Sinche La ridge.

Also read: <a href="http://www.wionews.com/south-asia/doklam-was-a-setback-china-keen-on-teaching-india-a-lesson-19300" target="_blank">Doklam was a setback, China keen on teaching India a lesson</a>

Sources said that during the visit by the <a href="http://www.wionews.com/india-news/gen-rawats-remarks-on-dokalam-unconstructive-china-29595" target="_blank">Army Chief</a> and top officials on February 6 and 7, India and Bhutan reviewed bilateral security and defence cooperation with focus on China&#39;s increasing military posturing and infrastructure development around the Doklam plateau.

The visit by General Rawat, Doval and Gokhale was the first by top Indian officials from India to Bhutan after the Doklam standoff, and was kept under wraps by the Bhutanese and Indian sides.

The visit came three days after Prime Minister Narendra Modi held talks with his Bhutanese counterpart Tshering Tobgay on the sidelines of an investors&#39; summit in Guwahati. The sources said the Bhutanese side apprised the Indians of the status of boundary talks between Bhutan and China, and emphasised that Thimphu wants peace in the Doklam tri-junction.

Troops of India and China were locked in a 73-day-long standoff in Doklam from June 16 last year after the Indian side stopped construction of a road at the disputed Doklam tri-junction by the Chinese army. Bhutan and China have a dispute over Doklam. The face-off ended on August 28.

China and Bhutan are engaged in talks over the resolution of the dispute in the area.

India has argued that it has a say in the issue, especially in the backdrop of a 2012 agreement between special representatives of the two countries, that have till now held 20 rounds of talks. Bhutan has no diplomatic ties with China. As a close friend and neighbour, Bhutan enjoys diplomatic and military support from India.

The visit came after reports from intelligence agencies that soldiers from China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) were seen patrolling areas which are under Bhutan's control

In a rare visit, Army Chief General Bipin Rawat, Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale and National Security Adviser (NSA) Ajit Doval quietly travelled to Bhutan earlier this month where they held extensive talks with the Bhutanese leadership on key strategic issues including the situation in Doklam, government sources said. The visit came after reports from intelligence agencies that soldiers from China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) were seen patrolling areas which are under Bhutan's control. According to intelligence agencies, the Chinese Army has been holding intrusive patrolling in areas near Doklam like Lhariong, Sarithang, Sinchulumpa and Pangka La; the PLA has also been conducting fighter and helicopter reconnaissance sorties over the areas. Also read: Why Doklam is emerging as a flashpoint between India and China Despite the onset of winters, the PLA was continuing with force consolidation in western sector, the intelligence agencies said. Apart from the field defences constructed north of Doklam, the PLA has also erected around 25 small to medium size tents alongside open communication trenches in the area, they said. A PLA observation post with Chinese flag was been observed in the area, the intelligence agencies said adding that Chinese soldiers continue to ferry troops and logistics supplies towards Doka La cutting past Bhutan's claim line, the Sinche La ridge. Also read: Doklam was a setback, China keen on teaching India a lesson Sources said that during the visit by the Army Chief and top officials on February 6 and 7, India and Bhutan reviewed bilateral security and defence cooperation with focus on China's increasing military posturing and infrastructure development around the Doklam plateau. The visit by General Rawat, Doval and Gokhale was the first by top Indian officials from India to Bhutan after the Doklam standoff, and was kept under wraps by the Bhutanese and Indian sides. The visit came three days after Prime Minister Narendra Modi held talks with his Bhutanese counterpart Tshering Tobgay on the sidelines of an investors' summit in Guwahati. The sources said the Bhutanese side apprised the Indians of the status of boundary talks between Bhutan and China, and emphasised that Thimphu wants peace in the Doklam tri-junction. Troops of India and China were locked in a 73-day-long standoff in Doklam from June 16 last year after the Indian side stopped construction of a road at the disputed Doklam tri-junction by the Chinese army. Bhutan and China have a dispute over Doklam. The face-off ended on August 28. China and Bhutan are engaged in talks over the resolution of the dispute in the area. India has argued that it has a say in the issue, especially in the backdrop of a 2012 agreement between special representatives of the two countries, that have till now held 20 rounds of talks. Bhutan has no diplomatic ties with China. As a close friend and neighbour, Bhutan enjoys diplomatic and military support from India.

After Doklam standoff, Army Chief, NSA and Foreign Secretary secretly visited Bhutan. Here's why

Chief of Army Staff General Bipin Rawat on Wednesday said that infrastructure development by China&#39;s People&#39;s Liberation Army (PLA) in the Doklam Plateau is temporary in nature.

&quot;As far as Doklam is concerned PLA soldiers are there in a part of the area, although not in numbers that we saw them in initially. They have carried out some infrastructure development, which is mostly temporary in nature,&quot; General Rawat said during a Facebook interactive session at the Raisina Dialogue in response to a question on Doklam.

His remarks come in wake of recent media reports about China apparently taking control of the northern side of the Doklam Plateau.

According to media reports, China has taken some infrastructure development activities in the disputed region.However, General Rawat said Indian forces will face the PLA troops if they come again in Doklam.

&quot;While troops (PLA) may have returned and infrastructure remains, it is anybody&#39;s guess whether they would come back there, or is it because of the winters that they could not take their equipment. But we are also there, so in case they come, we will face them,&quot; he said.

The army chief said the mechanism for defusing tension between the two sides is working very well and after the Doklam standoff communication is regularly taking place between the security forces of both countries at the ground level.

&quot;I think the bonhomie between India and China has returned to what it was prior to Doklam. So, I don`t visualise very serious trouble, but then one has to be prepared for it always,&quot; he said.The 73-day Doklam stand-off came to an end on August 28 after the two sides agreed to withdraw their respective troops from the plateau and the Chinese troops stopped building a key road close to India`s corridor. The road was being built by China in an area also claimed by Bhutan.

Rawat's remarks come in wake of reports of China apparently taking control of the northern side of the Doklam Plateau

Chief of Army Staff General Bipin Rawat on Wednesday said that infrastructure development by China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) in the Doklam Plateau is temporary in nature. "As far as Doklam is concerned PLA soldiers are there in a part of the area, although not in numbers that we saw them in initially. They have carried out some infrastructure development, which is mostly temporary in nature," General Rawat said during a Facebook interactive session at the Raisina Dialogue in response to a question on Doklam. His remarks come in wake of recent media reports about China apparently taking control of the northern side of the Doklam Plateau. According to media reports, China has taken some infrastructure development activities in the disputed region.However, General Rawat said Indian forces will face the PLA troops if they come again in Doklam. "While troops (PLA) may have returned and infrastructure remains, it is anybody's guess whether they would come back there, or is it because of the winters that they could not take their equipment. But we are also there, so in case they come, we will face them," he said. The army chief said the mechanism for defusing tension between the two sides is working very well and after the Doklam standoff communication is regularly taking place between the security forces of both countries at the ground level. "I think the bonhomie between India and China has returned to what it was prior to Doklam. So, I don`t visualise very serious trouble, but then one has to be prepared for it always," he said.The 73-day Doklam stand-off came to an end on August 28 after the two sides agreed to withdraw their respective troops from the plateau and the Chinese troops stopped building a key road close to India`s corridor. The road was being built by China in an area also claimed by Bhutan.

Chinese soldiers in Doklam but fewer in number: Army Chief General Rawat

China&#39;s next-generation multi- nuclear warhead intercontinental ballistic missile with a proclaimed ability to hit targets &quot;anywhere in the world&quot; may be inducted into the PLA early next year, a media report said today.

The new missile -- the Dongfeng-41 -- has a speed of more than Mach 10 and can use decoy devices and chaff to pierce its way through the enemy&#39;s missile warning and defence systems.

The missile which underwent another test recently -- the eighth since it was first announced in 2012 -- could be in the People Liberation Army&#39;s line-up as early as the first half of 2018, state-run Global Times said.

The missile must have matured considerably if it is to start serving in the PLA, Xu Guangyu, a senior adviser to the China Arms Control and Disarmament Association said.

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<h5>The Dongfeng-41 is a three-stage solid-fuel missile with a range of at least 12,000 km, meaning it could strike anywhere in the world from a mainland site. &#39;It can carry up to 10 nuclear warheads, each of which can target separately&#39;</h5>
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The South China Morning Post reported that China had possibly tested the ICBM in its Western desert area in early November, but it did not give the exact location or date of the test.

Another report on the seventh test-firing of the Dongfeng-41 came from a US satellite tracking system and appeared in the Washington Free Beacon in April 2016.

Song Zhongping, a Phoenix TV commentator and former member of the PLA&#39;s Second Artillery Corps (Rocket Force), is of the view that the Dongfeng-41 is very likely already in service since tests and other checks of missiles can be conducted after deployment as well.

Song said that the deployment of the missile certainly demonstrates China&#39;s nuclear deterrence abilities.

&quot;Once the Dongfeng-41 goes into service, China&#39;s ability to protect its own safety and to prevent wars would greatly increase,&quot; Xu said.

Russian experts feel that the missile deployment aimed at the US as they could reach most of America and Europe.

A commentary in Global Times at that time said the deployment of the DF-41 was a &quot;strategic deterrence tool&quot; and Beijing would &quot;ready itself for pressures&quot; imposed by the new US government headed by President Donald Trump.

The People&#39;s Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force on Sunday showed five models of China&#39;s homemade conventional and nuclear missiles.

China has a range of missiles which included the Dongfeng-26 ballistic missile, the Dongfeng-21D land-based anti-ship ballistic missile described as a &quot;carrier killer,&quot; and the Dongfeng-16G conventional missile designed for precision strikes against key enemy targets.

The DF-41 has a speed of more than Mach 10 and can use decoy devices and chaff to pierce its way through the enemy's missile warning and defence systems

China's next-generation multi- nuclear warhead intercontinental ballistic missile with a proclaimed ability to hit targets "anywhere in the world" may be inducted into the PLA early next year, a media report said today. The new missile -- the Dongfeng-41 -- has a speed of more than Mach 10 and can use decoy devices and chaff to pierce its way through the enemy's missile warning and defence systems. The missile which underwent another test recently -- the eighth since it was first announced in 2012 -- could be in the People Liberation Army's line-up as early as the first half of 2018, state-run Global Times said. The missile must have matured considerably if it is to start serving in the PLA, Xu Guangyu, a senior adviser to the China Arms Control and Disarmament Association said. The Dongfeng-41 is a three-stage solid-fuel missile with a range of at least 12,000 km, meaning it could strike anywhere in the world from a mainland site. 'It can carry up to 10 nuclear warheads, each of which can target separately' × The South China Morning Post reported that China had possibly tested the ICBM in its Western desert area in early November, but it did not give the exact location or date of the test. Another report on the seventh test-firing of the Dongfeng-41 came from a US satellite tracking system and appeared in the Washington Free Beacon in April 2016. Song Zhongping, a Phoenix TV commentator and former member of the PLA's Second Artillery Corps (Rocket Force), is of the view that the Dongfeng-41 is very likely already in service since tests and other checks of missiles can be conducted after deployment as well. Song said that the deployment of the missile certainly demonstrates China's nuclear deterrence abilities. "Once the Dongfeng-41 goes into service, China's ability to protect its own safety and to prevent wars would greatly increase," Xu said. Russian experts feel that the missile deployment aimed at the US as they could reach most of America and Europe. A commentary in Global Times at that time said the deployment of the DF-41 was a "strategic deterrence tool" and Beijing would "ready itself for pressures" imposed by the new US government headed by President Donald Trump. The People's Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force on Sunday showed five models of China's homemade conventional and nuclear missiles. China has a range of missiles which included the Dongfeng-26 ballistic missile, the Dongfeng-21D land-based anti-ship ballistic missile described as a "carrier killer," and the Dongfeng-16G conventional missile designed for precision strikes against key enemy targets.

Long-range Dongfeng missile may be inducted into PLA next year: Report

The first batch of students to graduate from a prestigious university in China under a joint programme with the Chinese army have been assigned to the air force, marking a new process of directly recruiting from universities. 
 
A graduation ceremony has been held for the 20-plus students, during which they were officially assigned to units under the People&#39;s Liberation Army (PLA) Air Force, state-run Xinhua news agency reported. 
 
The programme, initiated by the PLA Air Force and Beijing-based Tsinghua University, recruited its first group of 32 students in 2011. 
 
In addition to their chosen subjects, the students studied aviation, such as aeronautical engineering and mechanics at Tsinghua and received flying training at the Aviation University of Air Force. 
 
The graduates were awarded bachelor&#39;s degrees in engineering and military science. They also obtained their pilot licenses. 
 
The joint programme, part of a wider push to integrate civil and military resources in the education sector, is expected to attract more talented young people to pursue careers in the Air Force. 
(PTI)

The students studied aeronautical engineering and mechanics at Tsinghua University and received flying training at Aviation University

The first batch of students to graduate from a prestigious university in China under a joint programme with the Chinese army have been assigned to the air force, marking a new process of directly recruiting from universities. A graduation ceremony has been held for the 20-plus students, during which they were officially assigned to units under the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Air Force, state-run Xinhua news agency reported. The programme, initiated by the PLA Air Force and Beijing-based Tsinghua University, recruited its first group of 32 students in 2011. In addition to their chosen subjects, the students studied aviation, such as aeronautical engineering and mechanics at Tsinghua and received flying training at the Aviation University of Air Force. The graduates were awarded bachelor's degrees in engineering and military science. They also obtained their pilot licenses. The joint programme, part of a wider push to integrate civil and military resources in the education sector, is expected to attract more talented young people to pursue careers in the Air Force. (PTI)

Chinese air force directly recruits pilots from university