A combination of traditional recording methods and AI analysis helped in identifying three distinct variations within the long calls of primates. This new finding suggests that their vocalisations might be even more intricate than previously understood, a new study published in PeerJ Life &amp; Environment says.

Orangutans are the largest tree-dwelling mammal and primarily eat insects and flowers. They are also known for complex social behaviour and communication.

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Study co-author and Cornell University primatologist Wendy Erb said in a statement, “Our research aimed to unravel the intricacy of orangutan long calls, which play a crucial role in their communication across distances in the dense rainforests of Indonesia.”

“In the past three years, we have built hundreds of long call recordings, which are revealing an enthralling array of vocal diversity,” said Erb.

Known for their loud nature, long calls are vocalisations produced by male primates. These sounds serve as communication tools across long distances to connect with others. Previous research had compiled a 'dictionary' of the different 'pulses' within these calls.&nbsp;

Building on this foundation, a new study led by Dr Lisa Erb aimed to achieve three key objectives:&nbsp;

1) Identify the exact number of distinct pulse types.

2) Pinpoint the features that differentiate them.

3) Assess the degree of variation within these pulse types.

With the help of recorded video and audio sources, Erb and his team used machine learning to carefully analyse the long calls of 13 individual orangutans.

“Through a combination of supervised and unsupervised methods, we identified three distinct pulse types that were well differentiated by both humans and machines,” said Erb.&nbsp;

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"This research advances our understanding of how orangutans communicate. However, it is&nbsp;likely just the tip of the iceberg. The orangutans' vocal repertoire may be much richer than we currently recognise, highlighting the remarkable complexity of their vocal system," adds Erb.

According to the team, the pulses are not just random noises; it reveals the power in collaborating across scientific disciplines and combining traditional research methods with advances in AI.

(With inputs from agencies)

A combination of traditional recording methods and AI analysis helped in identifying three distinct variations within the long calls of primates. This new finding suggests that their vocalisations might be even more intricate than previously understood, a new study published in PeerJ Life & Environment says.

A combination of traditional recording methods and AI analysis helped in identifying three distinct variations within the long calls of primates. This new finding suggests that their vocalisations might be even more intricate than previously understood, a new study published in PeerJ Life & Environment says. Orangutans are the largest tree-dwelling mammal and primarily eat insects and flowers. They are also known for complex social behaviour and communication. Also read: Sun releases strongest X-ray flares since 2005, scientists warn massive sunspot yet to burst Study co-author and Cornell University primatologist Wendy Erb said in a statement, “Our research aimed to unravel the intricacy of orangutan long calls, which play a crucial role in their communication across distances in the dense rainforests of Indonesia.” “In the past three years, we have built hundreds of long call recordings, which are revealing an enthralling array of vocal diversity,” said Erb. Known for their loud nature, long calls are vocalisations produced by male primates. These sounds serve as communication tools across long distances to connect with others. Previous research had compiled a 'dictionary' of the different 'pulses' within these calls. Building on this foundation, a new study led by Dr Lisa Erb aimed to achieve three key objectives: 1) Identify the exact number of distinct pulse types. 2) Pinpoint the features that differentiate them. 3) Assess the degree of variation within these pulse types. With the help of recorded video and audio sources, Erb and his team used machine learning to carefully analyse the long calls of 13 individual orangutans. “Through a combination of supervised and unsupervised methods, we identified three distinct pulse types that were well differentiated by both humans and machines,” said Erb. Also read: Face of Stone Age man thought to have drowned 4,000 years ago reconstructed "This research advances our understanding of how orangutans communicate. However, it is likely just the tip of the iceberg. The orangutans' vocal repertoire may be much richer than we currently recognise, highlighting the remarkable complexity of their vocal system," adds Erb. According to the team, the pulses are not just random noises; it reveals the power in collaborating across scientific disciplines and combining traditional research methods with advances in AI. (With inputs from agencies)

What are the Orangutans yelling? Something quite intricate actually

The Indonesian government's move to relocate the country's capital to the dense but dwindling jungles of East Kalimantan province has increased fears for the future of orangutans.

Sumatran orangutans' habitat has drastically shrunk over the past few decades from logging, palm oil plantations, and mining.

Indonesia has designated several areas in Kalimantan as safe havens for Borneo orangutans, which are on the World Wildlife Fund's endangered list.

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"The move will bring a large population but also big demands for changes to land-use to accommodate new housing and office complexes, even food production centers," says Anton Nurcahyo, deputy CEO of the Indonesian non-profit Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS).

"This inevitably will create huge changes to the surrounding habitats."

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However, east Kalimantan Governor Isran Noor said, "Of course, there will be a few sacrifices, but ultimately, we aim to achieve forest revitalisation. When finished it will boast at least 70 per cent open green space."

Survey results and habitat feasibility studies have deemed Tanagupa forest a suitable area to resettle orangutans, as it is far from human settlements, has an abundance of foraging plants, and has a low density of resident orangutans.

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"The neighboring Sepaku and Samboja districts (earmarked for Nusantara) do not have wild orangutan populations," Nurcahyo says.

"But the orangutan rehabilitation center is located here, on 1,850 hectares of forest, which needs to be preserved in its current condition."

Conservationists hope the dedicated habitats will help sustain Indonesia’s orangutans. There are an estimated 104,700 Bornean orangutans, less than half the 230,000 a century ago, according to the World Wildlife Fund.

"With the unique ecosystems in East Kalimantan, it is vital to have a mitigation plan in place tailored to these specific environmental needs," Nurcahyo insists.

"That plan is still being developed. The first step will be to evaluate and map the impact of the move."

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

The Indonesian government's move to relocate the country's capital to the dense but dwindling jungles of East Kalimantan province has increased fears for the future of orangutans.

The Indonesian government's move to relocate the country's capital to the dense but dwindling jungles of East Kalimantan province has increased fears for the future of orangutans. Sumatran orangutans' habitat has drastically shrunk over the past few decades from logging, palm oil plantations, and mining. Indonesia has designated several areas in Kalimantan as safe havens for Borneo orangutans, which are on the World Wildlife Fund's endangered list. Also read | In Orangutan parenting, the kids can get their own dinner "The move will bring a large population but also big demands for changes to land-use to accommodate new housing and office complexes, even food production centers," says Anton Nurcahyo, deputy CEO of the Indonesian non-profit Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS). "This inevitably will create huge changes to the surrounding habitats." However, east Kalimantan Governor Isran Noor said, "Of course, there will be a few sacrifices, but ultimately, we aim to achieve forest revitalisation. When finished it will boast at least 70 per cent open green space." Survey results and habitat feasibility studies have deemed Tanagupa forest a suitable area to resettle orangutans, as it is far from human settlements, has an abundance of foraging plants, and has a low density of resident orangutans. Also read | Two smuggled Indonesian orangutans fly home from Thailand "The neighboring Sepaku and Samboja districts (earmarked for Nusantara) do not have wild orangutan populations," Nurcahyo says. "But the orangutan rehabilitation center is located here, on 1,850 hectares of forest, which needs to be preserved in its current condition." Conservationists hope the dedicated habitats will help sustain Indonesia’s orangutans. There are an estimated 104,700 Bornean orangutans, less than half the 230,000 a century ago, according to the World Wildlife Fund. "With the unique ecosystems in East Kalimantan, it is vital to have a mitigation plan in place tailored to these specific environmental needs," Nurcahyo insists. "That plan is still being developed. The first step will be to evaluate and map the impact of the move." (With inputs from agencies)

Fears for orangutans' future heightens amid shift in Indonesia's capital

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What are the Orangutans yelling? Something quite intricate actually

Fears for orangutans' future heightens amid shift in Indonesia's capital