Europe had overtaken the Middle East for the first time in two decades, a shift driven by wartime demand and fast-tracked deliveries. The pattern illustrated not only evolving military partnerships but an accelerating global security realignment shaped by conflict and strategic calculations.

Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, Japan and more: Top 7 biggest buyers of US arms

The arrangement allows Saudi Arabia to enjoy protection without possessing the weapons itself. Pakistan’s missiles, including the Shaheen-III with a range of 2,750 kilometres, provide the Kingdom with a credible deterrent capable of reaching virtually anywhere in its territory.

Among Muslim nations, how many have nuclear weapons? Saudi–Pak defence pact explained

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Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, Japan and more: Top 7 biggest buyers of US arms

Among Muslim nations, who has nuclear weapons? Saudi–Pak defence pact explained