In a laboratory tucked away on a sprawling university campus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian molecular biologist Rodrigo Moura Neto is running tests on a seemingly ordinary plant with a potent secret.

The fast-growing, homely plant, Trema micrantha blume, is native to the Americas, where it is widespread and often considered a weed.

But Moura Neto recently discovered its fruits and flowers contain one of the active ingredients in marijuana: cannabidiol, or CBD, which has shown promise as a treatment for conditions including epilepsy, autism, anxiety and chronic pain.

Crucially, he also found it does not contain the other main ingredient in pot, tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC — the psychoactive substance that makes people high.

That opens the possibility of an abundant new source of CBD, without the complications of cannabis, which remains illegal in many places.

The discovery has made something of an overnight academic star of Dr Moura Neto, an affable, silver-haired 66-year-old who now has a packed schedule of meetings with patent experts and companies keen to tap the multi-billion-dollar CBD market.

"It was wonderful to find a plant (with CBD but) without THC, because you avoid all the mess around psychotropic substances," says Moura Neto, who has spent the better part of five decades researching in this small lab at Rio de Janeiro Federal University.

"That means the potential is enormous," he tells AFP.

His 10-member team recently won a 500,000-real ($104,000) public grant to expand his project, which will now identify the best methods to extract CBD from "Trema," and then study its effectiveness as a substitute for medical marijuana.

<h2>Man in demand</h2>

Many of CBD's touted medical uses are still under research.

The compound is controversial, including in Brazil, where patients have gone to court to win the right to use it. They often have to import it at eye-watering prices, given that cultivating medical marijuana remains illegal — though there is legislation before Congress to change that.

Debates aside, demand for CBD is booming.

The global market for CBD last year was estimated at nearly $5 billion. Analytics firm Vantage Market Research projects it will grow to more than $47 billion by 2028, driven mainly by health and wellness use.

Interest in Moura Neto's research has been "huge," says Rosane Silva, the director of his laboratory, which sits off a hallway bustling with students and researchers in white lab coats.

"Lots of companies have been calling, looking to collaborate" on an eventual non-cannabis-based CBD medication, Silva says, standing beside what she calls the "magical plant."

A member of the Cannabaceae family — like cannabis — "Trema" can grow into a tree up to 20 meters (66 feet) tall.

Moura Neto says he and the university may explore patenting any innovations they find for extracting CBD from its tiny fruits and flowers.

But he is quick to add he won't patent "Trema" itself. He wants scientists everywhere to be able to research it.

"If I dreamed of being a billionaire, I wouldn't have become a professor," he says.

<h2>From policing to producing?</h2>

Moura Neto started studying CBD for a completely different reason: trained as a forensic geneticist, he would analyze the DNA of marijuana seized by police to help investigators trace its source.

When he came across a study that identified CBD in a related plant in Thailand — another member of the Cannabaceae family — he got the idea to test for it in "Trema."

He says turning his still-unpublished findings into a drug ready for market will take five to 10 years of research and clinical trials — if it is possible at all.

Cannabis, first domesticated in China more than 10,000 years ago, has been cultivated for millennia to hone its mind-altering and medicinal effects.

CBD from "Trema" might not work as well, or at all, Moura Neto says.

In the meantime, it's no use smoking the plant for a high.

"That definitely won't do anything for you," he laughs.

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In a laboratory tucked away on a sprawling university campus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian molecular biologist Rodrigo Moura Neto is running tests on a seemingly ordinary plant with a potent secret.

In a laboratory tucked away on a sprawling university campus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian molecular biologist Rodrigo Moura Neto is running tests on a seemingly ordinary plant with a potent secret. The fast-growing, homely plant, Trema micrantha blume, is native to the Americas, where it is widespread and often considered a weed. But Moura Neto recently discovered its fruits and flowers contain one of the active ingredients in marijuana: cannabidiol, or CBD, which has shown promise as a treatment for conditions including epilepsy, autism, anxiety and chronic pain. Crucially, he also found it does not contain the other main ingredient in pot, tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC — the psychoactive substance that makes people high. That opens the possibility of an abundant new source of CBD, without the complications of cannabis, which remains illegal in many places. The discovery has made something of an overnight academic star of Dr Moura Neto, an affable, silver-haired 66-year-old who now has a packed schedule of meetings with patent experts and companies keen to tap the multi-billion-dollar CBD market. "It was wonderful to find a plant (with CBD but) without THC, because you avoid all the mess around psychotropic substances," says Moura Neto, who has spent the better part of five decades researching in this small lab at Rio de Janeiro Federal University. "That means the potential is enormous," he tells AFP. His 10-member team recently won a 500,000-real ($104,000) public grant to expand his project, which will now identify the best methods to extract CBD from "Trema," and then study its effectiveness as a substitute for medical marijuana. Man in demand Many of CBD's touted medical uses are still under research. The compound is controversial, including in Brazil, where patients have gone to court to win the right to use it. They often have to import it at eye-watering prices, given that cultivating medical marijuana remains illegal — though there is legislation before Congress to change that. Debates aside, demand for CBD is booming. The global market for CBD last year was estimated at nearly $5 billion. Analytics firm Vantage Market Research projects it will grow to more than $47 billion by 2028, driven mainly by health and wellness use. Interest in Moura Neto's research has been "huge," says Rosane Silva, the director of his laboratory, which sits off a hallway bustling with students and researchers in white lab coats. "Lots of companies have been calling, looking to collaborate" on an eventual non-cannabis-based CBD medication, Silva says, standing beside what she calls the "magical plant." A member of the Cannabaceae family — like cannabis — "Trema" can grow into a tree up to 20 meters (66 feet) tall. Moura Neto says he and the university may explore patenting any innovations they find for extracting CBD from its tiny fruits and flowers. But he is quick to add he won't patent "Trema" itself. He wants scientists everywhere to be able to research it. "If I dreamed of being a billionaire, I wouldn't have become a professor," he says. From policing to producing? Moura Neto started studying CBD for a completely different reason: trained as a forensic geneticist, he would analyze the DNA of marijuana seized by police to help investigators trace its source. When he came across a study that identified CBD in a related plant in Thailand — another member of the Cannabaceae family — he got the idea to test for it in "Trema." He says turning his still-unpublished findings into a drug ready for market will take five to 10 years of research and clinical trials — if it is possible at all. Cannabis, first domesticated in China more than 10,000 years ago, has been cultivated for millennia to hone its mind-altering and medicinal effects. CBD from "Trema" might not work as well, or at all, Moura Neto says. In the meantime, it's no use smoking the plant for a high. "That definitely won't do anything for you," he laughs. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

This 'magic plant' has medical component CBD similar to marijuana in leaves and fruit, but no high

-by&nbsp;Richa Jaggi

In recent years, the therapeutic potential of medical cannabis has gained significant attention, particularly in the realm of mental health. According to a Lancet Psychiatry study, in 2017, a significant number of Indians were affected by mental health issues. The study reported that out of the total population, approximately 197 million individuals, accounting for 14.3 per cent, experienced mental disorders. Among them, an estimated 46 million individuals were diagnosed with depression, while 45 million individuals were diagnosed with anxiety disorders. While medical cannabis is still a subject of ongoing research, preliminary studies suggest that certain components of it may hold promise for alleviating symptoms associated with various mental health conditions.

Uses of Medical Cannabis in Mental Health

Anxiety and Stress Reduction: Medical cannabis has shown promise in reducing symptoms of anxiety disorders and stress-related conditions. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound found in cannabis, has demonstrated anxiolytic properties and is believed to provide a calming effect.

Depression and Mood Disorders: Medical cannabis has been found to have antidepressant effects, which makes it an effective treatment option for people with depression. THC and CBD work by regulating the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that affects mood and social behaviour.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): National Library of Medicine (NLM), 2018 studies, have shown that medical cannabis may have the potential in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It revealed that cannabis can reduce activity in the amygdala, the part of the brain associated with fear responses, which could help alleviate anxiety and fear in individuals with PTSD. These findings offer hope for those suffering from PTSD, although further research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms and determine optimal dosages for therapeutic use.

However, determining the appropriate dosage of medical cannabis for mental health conditions requires careful consideration. Factors such as individual tolerance, condition severity, and desired effects play a crucial role. It is advisable to consult with a knowledgeable healthcare professional or medical cannabis specialist to ensure safe and effective use.

Dosage of Medical Cannabis

Dosage requirements vary for each individual, taking into account factors such as age, weight, specific ailment, and the severity of the ailment. It is important to note that there is no universal dosage that applies to everyone. However, as a general guideline, it is advisable to begin with a conservative dose of 2 drops placed under the tongue, gradually increasing the dosage as needed. It is recommended not to exceed a maximum of 8 drops per day.

Side effects

While medical cannabis holds promise, it is essential to acknowledge potential side effects. These can vary depending on the individual, strain, dosage, and method of consumption. Common side effects may include:

• THC-rich cannabis strains can cause temporary cognitive changes. It is important to avoid activities that require alertness and concentration while under the influence. Such as driving or operating heavy machinery.

• High doses of THC may induce psychoactive effects, including euphoria, paranoia, or heightened anxiety. Careful dosage monitoring can help mitigate these effects.

• Smoking cannabis can potentially harm lung health. Alternative methods to consuming medical cannabis, such as vaporisation or oral ingestion, may be preferred to minimise respiratory risks and are cleaner formats.

In conclusion, the evolving research surrounding medical cannabis and its impact on mental health holds tremendous promise. Although further exploration and personalized approaches are ongoing, there is no denying the potential benefits it brings. It is imperative for individuals contemplating medical cannabis to engage in open conversations with healthcare professionals who can offer tailored advice based on their unique circumstances. By carefully considering dosage, selecting appropriate strength, and remaining aware of potential side effects, medical cannabis has the potential to serve as a valuable complement in the treatment of mental health disorders.

*The author is&nbsp;the co-founder and CMO of Awshad, a medical cannabis wellness startup. Views are personal.&nbsp;

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&nbsp;

-by Richa Jaggi In recent years, the therapeutic potential of medical cannabis has gained significant attention, particularly in the realm of mental health. According to a Lancet Psychiatry study, in 2017, a significant number of Indians were affected by mental health issues.

-by Richa Jaggi In recent years, the therapeutic potential of medical cannabis has gained significant attention, particularly in the realm of mental health. According to a Lancet Psychiatry study, in 2017, a significant number of Indians were affected by mental health issues. The study reported that out of the total population, approximately 197 million individuals, accounting for 14.3 per cent, experienced mental disorders. Among them, an estimated 46 million individuals were diagnosed with depression, while 45 million individuals were diagnosed with anxiety disorders. While medical cannabis is still a subject of ongoing research, preliminary studies suggest that certain components of it may hold promise for alleviating symptoms associated with various mental health conditions. Uses of Medical Cannabis in Mental Health Anxiety and Stress Reduction: Medical cannabis has shown promise in reducing symptoms of anxiety disorders and stress-related conditions. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound found in cannabis, has demonstrated anxiolytic properties and is believed to provide a calming effect. Depression and Mood Disorders: Medical cannabis has been found to have antidepressant effects, which makes it an effective treatment option for people with depression. THC and CBD work by regulating the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that affects mood and social behaviour. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): National Library of Medicine (NLM), 2018 studies, have shown that medical cannabis may have the potential in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It revealed that cannabis can reduce activity in the amygdala, the part of the brain associated with fear responses, which could help alleviate anxiety and fear in individuals with PTSD. These findings offer hope for those suffering from PTSD, although further research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms and determine optimal dosages for therapeutic use. However, determining the appropriate dosage of medical cannabis for mental health conditions requires careful consideration. Factors such as individual tolerance, condition severity, and desired effects play a crucial role. It is advisable to consult with a knowledgeable healthcare professional or medical cannabis specialist to ensure safe and effective use. Dosage of Medical Cannabis Dosage requirements vary for each individual, taking into account factors such as age, weight, specific ailment, and the severity of the ailment. It is important to note that there is no universal dosage that applies to everyone. However, as a general guideline, it is advisable to begin with a conservative dose of 2 drops placed under the tongue, gradually increasing the dosage as needed. It is recommended not to exceed a maximum of 8 drops per day. Side effects While medical cannabis holds promise, it is essential to acknowledge potential side effects. These can vary depending on the individual, strain, dosage, and method of consumption. Common side effects may include: • THC-rich cannabis strains can cause temporary cognitive changes. It is important to avoid activities that require alertness and concentration while under the influence. Such as driving or operating heavy machinery. • High doses of THC may induce psychoactive effects, including euphoria, paranoia, or heightened anxiety. Careful dosage monitoring can help mitigate these effects. • Smoking cannabis can potentially harm lung health. Alternative methods to consuming medical cannabis, such as vaporisation or oral ingestion, may be preferred to minimise respiratory risks and are cleaner formats. In conclusion, the evolving research surrounding medical cannabis and its impact on mental health holds tremendous promise. Although further exploration and personalized approaches are ongoing, there is no denying the potential benefits it brings. It is imperative for individuals contemplating medical cannabis to engage in open conversations with healthcare professionals who can offer tailored advice based on their unique circumstances. By carefully considering dosage, selecting appropriate strength, and remaining aware of potential side effects, medical cannabis has the potential to serve as a valuable complement in the treatment of mental health disorders. *The author is the co-founder and CMO of Awshad, a medical cannabis wellness startup. Views are personal.

Can medical cannabis improve mental health? Details on uses, dosage and side effects

Lawyers defending U.S. basketball player Brittney Griner told a Russian court on Friday she was prescribed medical cannabis in the United States for a chronic injury, a Reuters journalist at the courtroom reported. 
Griner pled guilty to drugs charges which carry a prison sentence of up to ten years after she was detained at a Moscow airport in February carrying vape cartridges with hashish oil.

The Women`s National Basketball Association (WNBA) star appeared in court wearing a Nirvana t-shirt on Friday for the fourth hearing in the trial. She has said she did not intend to break the law, and U.S. President Joe Biden has said the United States is doing everything it can to secure her release. The Kremlin has downplayed the idea of a prisoner exchange, saying it is premature to discuss the possibility of swapping Griner, a two-time Olympic gold medallist, for a Russian imprisoned in the United States.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/sports/world-athletics-championships-to-be-held-in-tokyo-in-2025-497528">World Athletics Championships to be held in Tokyo in 2025</a>

Griner`s defense team submitted documents on Friday to support her case that she did not intend to bring drugs into Russia illegally in the hopes of securing a more lenient sentence. In them, they said Griner suffered from chronic pain and that she had a permit issued in the state of Arizona for the use of medical cannabis.

In a hearing on Thursday, a Russian basketball club director gave evidence in support of Griner, speaking of her "outstanding ability" and "personal contribution to strengthening team spirit." Griner, who plays for the Phoenix Mercury in the United States was scheduled to play for Russian team UMMC Ekaterinburg in the off-season - a common move for WNBA players. Griner first played in Russia in the 2014-15 season, and had prior stints in China.

Lawyers defending U.S. basketball player Brittney Griner told a Russian court on Friday she was prescribed medical cannabis in the United States for a chronic injury, a Reuters journalist at the courtroom reported.

Lawyers defending U.S. basketball player Brittney Griner told a Russian court on Friday she was prescribed medical cannabis in the United States for a chronic injury, a Reuters journalist at the courtroom reported. Griner pled guilty to drugs charges which carry a prison sentence of up to ten years after she was detained at a Moscow airport in February carrying vape cartridges with hashish oil. The Women`s National Basketball Association (WNBA) star appeared in court wearing a Nirvana t-shirt on Friday for the fourth hearing in the trial. She has said she did not intend to break the law, and U.S. President Joe Biden has said the United States is doing everything it can to secure her release. The Kremlin has downplayed the idea of a prisoner exchange, saying it is premature to discuss the possibility of swapping Griner, a two-time Olympic gold medallist, for a Russian imprisoned in the United States. ALSO READ | World Athletics Championships to be held in Tokyo in 2025 Griner`s defense team submitted documents on Friday to support her case that she did not intend to bring drugs into Russia illegally in the hopes of securing a more lenient sentence. In them, they said Griner suffered from chronic pain and that she had a permit issued in the state of Arizona for the use of medical cannabis. In a hearing on Thursday, a Russian basketball club director gave evidence in support of Griner, speaking of her "outstanding ability" and "personal contribution to strengthening team spirit." Griner, who plays for the Phoenix Mercury in the United States was scheduled to play for Russian team UMMC Ekaterinburg in the off-season - a common move for WNBA players. Griner first played in Russia in the 2014-15 season, and had prior stints in China.

Brittney Griner trail: Lawyers defending basketballer tell Russian court she was prescribed medical cannabis

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