In a win for conservation efforts, researchers found that blue whales have returned to a region of the Indian Ocean near Seychelles from where the largest animals on Earth were once wiped out due to whaling. The research, findings for which were published in the journal of Endangered Species Research, was based on a year’s worth of underwater audio recordings which found that the animals spend months in the region.

<h2>What is the study about?</h2>

The study published earlier this month&nbsp;is based on researchers and filmmakers who managed to capture the footage of blue whales between 2020 and 2021 which also features in the documentary film Return of the Giants.

According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), blue whales are the largest animals on Earth and are found in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. However, their numbers significantly declined during the 1900s after commercial whaling.&nbsp;

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature lists blue whales as an endangered species primarily due to commercial whaling which has left a lasting impact on the number of these mammals which is said to be a fraction of what they used to be.&nbsp;

The study also noted how the Seychelles was once an “opportunistic whaling ground” in the 1960s for Soviet whalers who illegally killed as many as 500 blue whales.&nbsp;

The study was conducted by a group of researchers and filmmakers during a month-long expedition where one of the lead researchers, Dr Kate Stafford, as per BBC, would spend a few hours each day using a hydrophone in the hopes of capturing the sound of blue whales in the region.&nbsp;

This was in addition to a “sound trap” which was reportedly fitted for a year near the seabed close to Seychelles and comprised of underwater microphones, batteries and recording devices. These devices would record 15 minutes of every hour each day.&nbsp;

<h2>What did the researchers find?</h2>

The research suggests that blue whales may be using the region as a breeding ground after the mammals’ signature – a very low-frequency – song was caught on record by the fitted a “sound trap”. Blue whales, as per researchers, sing during the breeding season and the song was heard particularly during March and April.&nbsp;

“This means the Seychelles could be really important for blue whales,” Dr Stafford told BBC.&nbsp;

 
“They sing during the breeding season and we think it’s probably the males who are singing, based on what we know about other whales,” added one of the lead authors.

She also spoke about the region being a possible “breeding area or a nursery area”.&nbsp;

The researcher noted that since the island nation does not receive a lot of ship traffic, it is a “nice, quiet, safe place” for blue whales.&nbsp;

Seychelles, as a part of the “debt for nature” swap, has formally protected about 400,000 square kilometres around the island, in exchange for having around $22 million of its national debt written off.&nbsp;

Scientists also found that the blue whales would only communicate when they were not around and that’s why it was only through the analysis of the recordings from the sound trap that they were able to discover blue whales in the region.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

In a win for conservation efforts, researchers found that blue whales have returned to a region of the Indian Ocean near Seychelles from where the largest animals on Earth were once wiped out due to whaling.

In a win for conservation efforts, researchers found that blue whales have returned to a region of the Indian Ocean near Seychelles from where the largest animals on Earth were once wiped out due to whaling. The research, findings for which were published in the journal of Endangered Species Research, was based on a year’s worth of underwater audio recordings which found that the animals spend months in the region. What is the study about? The study published earlier this month is based on researchers and filmmakers who managed to capture the footage of blue whales between 2020 and 2021 which also features in the documentary film Return of the Giants. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), blue whales are the largest animals on Earth and are found in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. However, their numbers significantly declined during the 1900s after commercial whaling. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature lists blue whales as an endangered species primarily due to commercial whaling which has left a lasting impact on the number of these mammals which is said to be a fraction of what they used to be. The study also noted how the Seychelles was once an “opportunistic whaling ground” in the 1960s for Soviet whalers who illegally killed as many as 500 blue whales. The study was conducted by a group of researchers and filmmakers during a month-long expedition where one of the lead researchers, Dr Kate Stafford, as per BBC, would spend a few hours each day using a hydrophone in the hopes of capturing the sound of blue whales in the region. This was in addition to a “sound trap” which was reportedly fitted for a year near the seabed close to Seychelles and comprised of underwater microphones, batteries and recording devices. These devices would record 15 minutes of every hour each day. What did the researchers find? The research suggests that blue whales may be using the region as a breeding ground after the mammals’ signature – a very low-frequency – song was caught on record by the fitted a “sound trap”. Blue whales, as per researchers, sing during the breeding season and the song was heard particularly during March and April. “This means the Seychelles could be really important for blue whales,” Dr Stafford told BBC. “They sing during the breeding season and we think it’s probably the males who are singing, based on what we know about other whales,” added one of the lead authors. She also spoke about the region being a possible “breeding area or a nursery area”. The researcher noted that since the island nation does not receive a lot of ship traffic, it is a “nice, quiet, safe place” for blue whales. Seychelles, as a part of the “debt for nature” swap, has formally protected about 400,000 square kilometres around the island, in exchange for having around $22 million of its national debt written off. Scientists also found that the blue whales would only communicate when they were not around and that’s why it was only through the analysis of the recordings from the sound trap that they were able to discover blue whales in the region. (With inputs from agencies)

Blue whales return to Indian Ocean region decades after being wiped out due to whaling: Study

The world’s largest mammals, blue whales, have finally returned to Atlantic coast of Spain after an interval of more than 40 years. &nbsp;&nbsp;

A marine biologist Bruno Díaz, who is also head of the Bottlenose Dolphin Research Institute in O Grove, Galicia, spotted the first one off the coast of Galicia in north-west Spain in 2017.

Watch |&nbsp;Solar Orbiter spacecraft captures Venus glare

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Another whale was spotted in 2018, another in the following year. In 2020, two whales were seen. Just a week ago, a different one was sited off Islas Cíes, near O Grove. &nbsp;&nbsp;

“It was not yet clear whether the climate crisis was leading the creatures to change their habits and return to an area where they were hunted almost to extinction,” Díaz said.

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/this-italian-town-is-selling-houses-for-less-than-a-burgers-price-408223" hreflang="en">This Italian town is selling houses for less than a burger's price</a>&nbsp;

The biologist said, “I believe the moratorium on whaling has been a key factor. In the 1970s, just before the ban was introduced, an entire generation of blue whales disappeared. Now, more than 40 years later, we’re seeing the return of the descendants of the few that survived.” &nbsp;&nbsp;

A centuries-old whaling industry used to thrive in Galicia through a dozen whaling ports. Until 1986, Spain did not ban whaling. Till the ban could come up, the blue whale was all but extinct in the region. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The world’s largest mammals, blue whales, have finally returned to Atlantic coast of Spain after an interval of more than 40 years. A marine biologist Bruno Díaz, who is also head of the Bottlenose Dolphin Research Institute in O Grove, Galicia, spotted the first one off the coast of Galicia in north-west Spain in 2017.

The world’s largest mammals, blue whales, have finally returned to Atlantic coast of Spain after an interval of more than 40 years. A marine biologist Bruno Díaz, who is also head of the Bottlenose Dolphin Research Institute in O Grove, Galicia, spotted the first one off the coast of Galicia in north-west Spain in 2017. Watch | Solar Orbiter spacecraft captures Venus glare × Another whale was spotted in 2018, another in the following year. In 2020, two whales were seen. Just a week ago, a different one was sited off Islas Cíes, near O Grove. “It was not yet clear whether the climate crisis was leading the creatures to change their habits and return to an area where they were hunted almost to extinction,” Díaz said. Also Read: This Italian town is selling houses for less than a burger's price The biologist said, “I believe the moratorium on whaling has been a key factor. In the 1970s, just before the ban was introduced, an entire generation of blue whales disappeared. Now, more than 40 years later, we’re seeing the return of the descendants of the few that survived.” A centuries-old whaling industry used to thrive in Galicia through a dozen whaling ports. Until 1986, Spain did not ban whaling. Till the ban could come up, the blue whale was all but extinct in the region.

After a 40-year hiatus, blue whales return to Atlantic coast of Spain     

Weighing up to 380,000 pounds and stretching some 100 feet long, the blue whale — the largest creature to have ever lived on Earth — might at first seem difficult for human eyes and ears to miss.

But a previously unknown population of the leviathans has long been lurking in the Indian Ocean, leaving scientists none the wiser, new research suggests.

The covert cadre of whales, described in a paper published last week in the journal Endangered Species Research, has its own signature anthem: a slow, bellowing ballad that’s distinct from any other whale song ever described. It joins only a dozen or so other blue whale songs that have been documented, each the calling card of a unique population.

“It’s like hearing different songs within a genre — Stevie Ray Vaughan versus B.B. King,” said Salvatore Cerchio, a marine mammal biologist at the African Aquatic Conservation Fund in Massachusetts and the study’s lead author. “It’s all blues, but you know the different styles.”

The find is “a great reminder that our oceans are still this very unexplored place,” said Asha de Vos, a marine biologist who has studied blue whales in the Indian Ocean but was not involved in the new study.

Cerchio and his colleagues first tuned into the whales’ newfound song while in scientific pursuit of a pod of Omura’s whales off the coast of Madagascar several years ago. After hearing the rumblings of blue whales via a recorder planted on the coastal shelf, the researchers decided to drop their instruments into deeper water in the hopes of eavesdropping further.

“If you put a hydrophone somewhere no one has put a hydrophone before, you’re going to discover something,” Cerchio said.

A number of blue whale populations, each with its own characteristic croon, have long been known to visit this pocket of the Indian Ocean, Cerchio said. But one of the songs that crackled through the team’s Madagascar recordings was unlike any the researchers had heard.

By 2018, the team had picked up on several more instances of the new whales’ now-recognizable refrain. Partnerships with other researchers soon revealed that the distinctive calls had been detected at another recording outpost off the coast of Oman, in the Arabian Sea, where the sounds seem particularly prevalent. Another windfall came later that year when Cerchio learned that colleagues in Australia had heard the whales crooning the same song in the central Indian Ocean, near the Chagos Archipelago.

Data amassed from the three sites, each separated from the others by hundreds or thousands of miles, painted a rough portrait of a pod of whales moseying about in the Indian Ocean’s northwest and perhaps beyond.

Using acoustic data to pin down a new population is, by nature, indirect, like dusting for fingerprints at the scene of a crime. But Alex Carbaugh-Rutland, who studies blue whales at Texas A&amp;M University and was not involved in the study, said the results “were very sound, no pun intended.”

The researchers ruled out the possibility that the songs could be attributed to other species of whales. And side-by-side comparisons of the new blue whale tune with others showed convincingly that the northwestern Indian Ocean variety was distinct, Carbaugh-Rutland said. “I think it’s really compelling evidence,” he said, drawing a comparison to linguistic dialects.

Genetic samples would help clinch the case, he added. But blue whales, which spend most of their time far from shore, are difficult to study. Whaling in the 19th and 20th centuries also culled hundreds of thousands from their ranks; an estimated 10,000 to 25,000 blue whales are thought to remain.

Not much is known about blue whale songs, although most researchers think that they help males woo their mates, as is the case with closely related species. That can make any modifications to a cetacean melody fairly high stakes, de Vos said: “If two populations can’t talk to each other, over time, they’re going to grow apart.”

Eventually, populations with different takes on a tune might splinter into subspecies, with their own behaviors and quirks. There’s not yet evidence to show that has happened with these blue whales, nor much information on what might have driven them apart from their southerly kin. But even if the whales in this new group don’t yet formally occupy a new branch on the tree of life, they are worth getting to know.

“What things like this show us is that there are different populations, with different adaptations, with potentially different needs,” de Vos said. To conserve the world’s blue whales, she said, “there’s not one single protection measure that’s going to work.”

Weighing up to 380,000 pounds and stretching some 100 feet long, the blue whale — the largest creature to have ever lived on Earth — might at first seem difficult for human eyes and ears to miss.

Weighing up to 380,000 pounds and stretching some 100 feet long, the blue whale — the largest creature to have ever lived on Earth — might at first seem difficult for human eyes and ears to miss. But a previously unknown population of the leviathans has long been lurking in the Indian Ocean, leaving scientists none the wiser, new research suggests. The covert cadre of whales, described in a paper published last week in the journal Endangered Species Research, has its own signature anthem: a slow, bellowing ballad that’s distinct from any other whale song ever described. It joins only a dozen or so other blue whale songs that have been documented, each the calling card of a unique population. “It’s like hearing different songs within a genre — Stevie Ray Vaughan versus B.B. King,” said Salvatore Cerchio, a marine mammal biologist at the African Aquatic Conservation Fund in Massachusetts and the study’s lead author. “It’s all blues, but you know the different styles.” The find is “a great reminder that our oceans are still this very unexplored place,” said Asha de Vos, a marine biologist who has studied blue whales in the Indian Ocean but was not involved in the new study. Cerchio and his colleagues first tuned into the whales’ newfound song while in scientific pursuit of a pod of Omura’s whales off the coast of Madagascar several years ago. After hearing the rumblings of blue whales via a recorder planted on the coastal shelf, the researchers decided to drop their instruments into deeper water in the hopes of eavesdropping further. “If you put a hydrophone somewhere no one has put a hydrophone before, you’re going to discover something,” Cerchio said. A number of blue whale populations, each with its own characteristic croon, have long been known to visit this pocket of the Indian Ocean, Cerchio said. But one of the songs that crackled through the team’s Madagascar recordings was unlike any the researchers had heard. By 2018, the team had picked up on several more instances of the new whales’ now-recognizable refrain. Partnerships with other researchers soon revealed that the distinctive calls had been detected at another recording outpost off the coast of Oman, in the Arabian Sea, where the sounds seem particularly prevalent. Another windfall came later that year when Cerchio learned that colleagues in Australia had heard the whales crooning the same song in the central Indian Ocean, near the Chagos Archipelago. Data amassed from the three sites, each separated from the others by hundreds or thousands of miles, painted a rough portrait of a pod of whales moseying about in the Indian Ocean’s northwest and perhaps beyond. Using acoustic data to pin down a new population is, by nature, indirect, like dusting for fingerprints at the scene of a crime. But Alex Carbaugh-Rutland, who studies blue whales at Texas A&M University and was not involved in the study, said the results “were very sound, no pun intended.” The researchers ruled out the possibility that the songs could be attributed to other species of whales. And side-by-side comparisons of the new blue whale tune with others showed convincingly that the northwestern Indian Ocean variety was distinct, Carbaugh-Rutland said. “I think it’s really compelling evidence,” he said, drawing a comparison to linguistic dialects. Genetic samples would help clinch the case, he added. But blue whales, which spend most of their time far from shore, are difficult to study. Whaling in the 19th and 20th centuries also culled hundreds of thousands from their ranks; an estimated 10,000 to 25,000 blue whales are thought to remain. Not much is known about blue whale songs, although most researchers think that they help males woo their mates, as is the case with closely related species. That can make any modifications to a cetacean melody fairly high stakes, de Vos said: “If two populations can’t talk to each other, over time, they’re going to grow apart.” Eventually, populations with different takes on a tune might splinter into subspecies, with their own behaviors and quirks. There’s not yet evidence to show that has happened with these blue whales, nor much information on what might have driven them apart from their southerly kin. But even if the whales in this new group don’t yet formally occupy a new branch on the tree of life, they are worth getting to know. “What things like this show us is that there are different populations, with different adaptations, with potentially different needs,” de Vos said. To conserve the world’s blue whales, she said, “there’s not one single protection measure that’s going to work.”

A new population of Blue Whales was discovered hiding in the Indian Ocean

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