After a plane crash, rescue teams act fast to save lives and secure the site. investigators collect evidence, check black boxes, and review pilot actions. Safety checks are done on similar aircraft. Final reports help improve aviation safety to prevent future accidents.

Ahmedabad plane crash: Step-by-step breakdown of how rescue and investigation process works after an air accident?

There has been a disturbing 400 per cent rise in 'GPS spoofing', and even more concerning is that&nbsp;hackers can use this malicious activity to change the clocks on airlines, which means they can 'hack time'.

<h2>What is GPS spoofing?</h2>

GPS stands for Global Positioning System, a modern satellite-based navigation system used by multiple industries across the world, including aviation and defence. According to an article in antivirus maker McAfee's website, GPS spoofing "is a malicious technique that manipulates" the GPS data, thereby misleading a GPS receiver about its actual location.&nbsp;

"This could potentially cause significant disruptions, as it can misdirect navigation systems, mislead delivery vehicles, or even trick smartphone apps," it noted.&nbsp;

GPS signals are&nbsp;easy to block or distort, and GPS spoofing has been used to throw missiles and drones off course.

Now, this mode of digital attack has been used against commercial airliners, which has seen a 400 per cent rise according to aviation advisory body&nbsp;OPSGROUP.

These attacks were carried around conflict zones too.

<h2>Recent examples of GPS spoofing</h2>

“We're starting to see reports of the clocks on board airplanes during spoofing events start to do weird things," a Reuters report quoted security expert Ken Munro as saying.

In April, Finnair temporarily paused flights to the eastern Estonian city of Tartu due to GPS spoofing. Estonia blamed Russia for the attack.

Munro said clock&nbsp;on board a Western airline's plane was moved forward by years in a GPS spoofing attack, "causing the plane to lose access to its digitally-encrypted communication systems."

Munro, founder of British cybersecurity company Pen Test Partners, said the plane was grounded for weeks while engineers manually reset its onboard systems, Reuters reported.

Munro, who was speaking at the Def Con cybersecurity conference in Las Vegas this past weekend, declined to identify the airline or aircraft.

“We think too much about GPS being a source of position, but it's actually a source of time,” &nbsp;Munro told the convention on Saturday (Aug 10).

<h2>Will GPS spoofing cause a plane crash?</h2>

While Munro said it is not going to make a plane crash, GPS spoofing can lead to a chain reaction of events that could end up being serious.

“What it does is, it just creates a little confusion. And you run the risk of starting what we call a cascade of events, where something minor happens, something else minor happens, and then something serious happens," the Reuters report&nbsp;quoted him as saying.

(With inputs from agencies)

 
&nbsp;

There has been a disturbing 400 per cent rise in 'GPS spoofing', and even more concerning is that hackers can use this malicious activity to change the clocks on airlines, which means they can 'hack time'.

There has been a disturbing 400 per cent rise in 'GPS spoofing', and even more concerning is that hackers can use this malicious activity to change the clocks on airlines, which means they can 'hack time'. What is GPS spoofing? GPS stands for Global Positioning System, a modern satellite-based navigation system used by multiple industries across the world, including aviation and defence. According to an article in antivirus maker McAfee's website, GPS spoofing "is a malicious technique that manipulates" the GPS data, thereby misleading a GPS receiver about its actual location. "This could potentially cause significant disruptions, as it can misdirect navigation systems, mislead delivery vehicles, or even trick smartphone apps," it noted. GPS signals are easy to block or distort, and GPS spoofing has been used to throw missiles and drones off course. Now, this mode of digital attack has been used against commercial airliners, which has seen a 400 per cent rise according to aviation advisory body OPSGROUP. These attacks were carried around conflict zones too. Recent examples of GPS spoofing “We're starting to see reports of the clocks on board airplanes during spoofing events start to do weird things," a Reuters report quoted security expert Ken Munro as saying. In April, Finnair temporarily paused flights to the eastern Estonian city of Tartu due to GPS spoofing. Estonia blamed Russia for the attack. Munro said clock on board a Western airline's plane was moved forward by years in a GPS spoofing attack, "causing the plane to lose access to its digitally-encrypted communication systems." Munro, founder of British cybersecurity company Pen Test Partners, said the plane was grounded for weeks while engineers manually reset its onboard systems, Reuters reported. Munro, who was speaking at the Def Con cybersecurity conference in Las Vegas this past weekend, declined to identify the airline or aircraft. “We think too much about GPS being a source of position, but it's actually a source of time,” Munro told the convention on Saturday (Aug 10). Will GPS spoofing cause a plane crash? While Munro said it is not going to make a plane crash, GPS spoofing can lead to a chain reaction of events that could end up being serious. “What it does is, it just creates a little confusion. And you run the risk of starting what we call a cascade of events, where something minor happens, something else minor happens, and then something serious happens," the Reuters report quoted him as saying. (With inputs from agencies)

GPS spoofing that disrupts aircraft rose by 400 per cent. Will it cause a serious accident?

The pilot was 3,000 feet over the Amazon, flying a small propeller plane on his maiden assignment for wildcat miners deep in the forest, when the lone engine cut out.

He took a deep breath and scanned the vast emerald green canopy below. He had about five minutes, he calculated, to bring down the plane and its highly flammable cargo: 160 gallons of diesel fuel.

He reported his imminent crash over a portable radio to whoever might be listening, noting that he was about halfway to his destination, a mine known as California.

Then, as his plane barrelled down, the pilot, Antônio Sena aimed for a small valley lined with palm trees.

“There!” he recalled thinking. “Palm trees mean there is water, perhaps a river.”

Since becoming a pilot nine years earlier, Sena had heard countless stories about fatal crashes. But while his plane scraped a few trees and then smashed into the ground, Sena realised something exhilarating as he rolled to a halt: He had survived.

He grabbed a pocketknife, a flashlight, a couple of lighters and a phone with little juice in the battery and scrambled away from the aircraft. Moments later, it burst into flames. Then he settled down to wait for his rescue.

It was a long wait.

At first, Sena recounted in a phone interview last week, he camped out next to remains of the 48-year-old Cessna 210L, figuring it was his best chance of being spotted. And search pilots did, in fact, circle the area for several days — and then kept going.

“They flew right over but couldn’t see me,” Sena said.

He waved and screamed each time he heard the thud of propellers but to no avail.

Giving up his hopes of being rescued near the wreckage, Sena embarked on what turned out to be a 17-mile trek through the rainforest, home to jaguars, venomous insects and anacondas.

Thirty-six days later, on March 6, he emerged to tell a story that has transfixed Brazilians — a rare piece of uplifting news for a nation badly in need of it after a year of being battered by the COVID-19 crisis.

His account, though, also put a spotlight on Brazil’s illegal mining industry, which has flourished in recent decades in Indigenous territories and other parts of the Amazon that are supposed to be sanctuaries. The illegal mine where he was headed is in the Maicuru reserve, where no human activities are allowed beyond those meant to protect the forest.

Sena’s ordeal began Jan. 28 at a small airstrip in Pará state. His task, he said, was to ferry diesel fuel for miners in a remote region where they had built a makeshift landing strip.

It was work he took only reluctantly, he said. Flying gigs had become scarce during the pandemic, and a small bar he ran in his native city, Santarém, was providing little income.

“I had to let go of my own standards to try to support myself through this tough period,” he said, noting the working conditions were very unsafe. “I would never fly for wildcat mining again.”

After his plane crashed, when it became clear that help was not going to come from the sky, Sena, 36, started walking.

He turned on his dying phone one final time to launch a geolocation app and then, looking at the map, decided to head in the direction of the Paru River, some 60 miles away. It was the closest area he knew to be inhabited.

For days, Sena walked only in the morning, using the sun’s position to head eastward toward the river. After slogging through swamps and ducking under vines for hours, he would stop in the afternoon to set up a campsite, using palm trees and branches to shelter him from the rain.

Sena knew that predators usually hunt near the water, where prey is abundant. So he slept on hills. But he was frequently besieged by packs of spider monkeys, which tried to destroy his precarious shelters.

“They are very territorial,” he said. “I never want to cross their path again.”

The monkeys, however, were a godsend. After watching them eat a small, bright pink fruit called breu, Sena assumed it was safe for human consumption, and it became his main source of sustenance. Besides that, he ate three small blue eggs from inambu birds, and little else.

One afternoon about four weeks after the crash, when he had gone three days without eating, a buzzing noise stopped him in his tracks.&nbsp;Chain saw!

Sena was thrilled, almost euphoric, he said, but decided it was wisest to stop there for the night. He feared he might get lost trying to locate the source of the sound as night fell.

“God, make them use this chain saw again,” he remembered praying before lying down to sleep.

The next morning, he heard it again, but only briefly. So he kept walking east, his sights set on the river. That afternoon, he saw a tarpaulin and then a man cracking nuts besides it.

Sena had stumbled into the campsite of Brazil nut collectors.

The group, led by Maria Jorge dos Santos Tavares, 67, had not collected nuts in that part of the rainforest for three years.

But Santos Tavares’ husband died in the pandemic, and as the family mourned, their debts grew. Under mounting financial pressure, they began searching deeper into the forest for nuts.

By the time Santos Tavares encountered Sena, he had lost 55 pounds. So even before using the radio to call her daughter Mirian, who lives in a town, and asking her to contact the pilot’s mother, she fed him and gave him shelter.

After delivering Sena to a police helicopter, Santos Tavares returned to the forest, where she intends to spend the next month collecting nuts.

Reflecting on his ordeal, Sena said he walked away with a newfound appreciation for the rainforest, which is being razed every day by the illegal miners he briefly worked for.

“If I had fallen somewhere in a deserted plantation site, I wouldn’t have water, shelter, or what to eat,” he said. “The Amazon is so rich.”

The pilot was 3,000 feet over the Amazon, flying a small propeller plane on his maiden assignment for wildcat miners deep in the forest, when the lone engine cut out.

The pilot was 3,000 feet over the Amazon, flying a small propeller plane on his maiden assignment for wildcat miners deep in the forest, when the lone engine cut out. He took a deep breath and scanned the vast emerald green canopy below. He had about five minutes, he calculated, to bring down the plane and its highly flammable cargo: 160 gallons of diesel fuel. He reported his imminent crash over a portable radio to whoever might be listening, noting that he was about halfway to his destination, a mine known as California. Then, as his plane barrelled down, the pilot, Antônio Sena aimed for a small valley lined with palm trees. “There!” he recalled thinking. “Palm trees mean there is water, perhaps a river.” Since becoming a pilot nine years earlier, Sena had heard countless stories about fatal crashes. But while his plane scraped a few trees and then smashed into the ground, Sena realised something exhilarating as he rolled to a halt: He had survived. He grabbed a pocketknife, a flashlight, a couple of lighters and a phone with little juice in the battery and scrambled away from the aircraft. Moments later, it burst into flames. Then he settled down to wait for his rescue. It was a long wait. At first, Sena recounted in a phone interview last week, he camped out next to remains of the 48-year-old Cessna 210L, figuring it was his best chance of being spotted. And search pilots did, in fact, circle the area for several days — and then kept going. “They flew right over but couldn’t see me,” Sena said. He waved and screamed each time he heard the thud of propellers but to no avail. Giving up his hopes of being rescued near the wreckage, Sena embarked on what turned out to be a 17-mile trek through the rainforest, home to jaguars, venomous insects and anacondas. Thirty-six days later, on March 6, he emerged to tell a story that has transfixed Brazilians — a rare piece of uplifting news for a nation badly in need of it after a year of being battered by the COVID-19 crisis. His account, though, also put a spotlight on Brazil’s illegal mining industry, which has flourished in recent decades in Indigenous territories and other parts of the Amazon that are supposed to be sanctuaries. The illegal mine where he was headed is in the Maicuru reserve, where no human activities are allowed beyond those meant to protect the forest. Sena’s ordeal began Jan. 28 at a small airstrip in Pará state. His task, he said, was to ferry diesel fuel for miners in a remote region where they had built a makeshift landing strip. It was work he took only reluctantly, he said. Flying gigs had become scarce during the pandemic, and a small bar he ran in his native city, Santarém, was providing little income. “I had to let go of my own standards to try to support myself through this tough period,” he said, noting the working conditions were very unsafe. “I would never fly for wildcat mining again.” After his plane crashed, when it became clear that help was not going to come from the sky, Sena, 36, started walking. He turned on his dying phone one final time to launch a geolocation app and then, looking at the map, decided to head in the direction of the Paru River, some 60 miles away. It was the closest area he knew to be inhabited. For days, Sena walked only in the morning, using the sun’s position to head eastward toward the river. After slogging through swamps and ducking under vines for hours, he would stop in the afternoon to set up a campsite, using palm trees and branches to shelter him from the rain. Sena knew that predators usually hunt near the water, where prey is abundant. So he slept on hills. But he was frequently besieged by packs of spider monkeys, which tried to destroy his precarious shelters. “They are very territorial,” he said. “I never want to cross their path again.” The monkeys, however, were a godsend. After watching them eat a small, bright pink fruit called breu, Sena assumed it was safe for human consumption, and it became his main source of sustenance. Besides that, he ate three small blue eggs from inambu birds, and little else. One afternoon about four weeks after the crash, when he had gone three days without eating, a buzzing noise stopped him in his tracks. Chain saw! Sena was thrilled, almost euphoric, he said, but decided it was wisest to stop there for the night. He feared he might get lost trying to locate the source of the sound as night fell. “God, make them use this chain saw again,” he remembered praying before lying down to sleep. The next morning, he heard it again, but only briefly. So he kept walking east, his sights set on the river. That afternoon, he saw a tarpaulin and then a man cracking nuts besides it. Sena had stumbled into the campsite of Brazil nut collectors. The group, led by Maria Jorge dos Santos Tavares, 67, had not collected nuts in that part of the rainforest for three years. But Santos Tavares’ husband died in the pandemic, and as the family mourned, their debts grew. Under mounting financial pressure, they began searching deeper into the forest for nuts. By the time Santos Tavares encountered Sena, he had lost 55 pounds. So even before using the radio to call her daughter Mirian, who lives in a town, and asking her to contact the pilot’s mother, she fed him and gave him shelter. After delivering Sena to a police helicopter, Santos Tavares returned to the forest, where she intends to spend the next month collecting nuts. Reflecting on his ordeal, Sena said he walked away with a newfound appreciation for the rainforest, which is being razed every day by the illegal miners he briefly worked for. “If I had fallen somewhere in a deserted plantation site, I wouldn’t have water, shelter, or what to eat,” he said. “The Amazon is so rich.”

His plane crashed in the Amazon. Then came the hard part.

A US Air Force pilot with the traveling Thunderbirds exhibition squad was killed early Wednesday when his F-16 jet crashed at Nellis Air Force base in Nevada, the third crash involving a military aircraft in the past two days.

"It's been a rough day," an Air Force spokesman said.

The pilot was on a training mission flying an F-16 Fighting Falcon over the Nevada Test and Training Range near Las Vegas when it crashed about 10:30 am&nbsplocal time, the spokesman said.

The name of the pilot is being withheld pending notification of the family, the Air Force said in a statement early Thursday, adding that an investigation into the cause of the crash has begun.

The jet was part of the Air Force's Thunderbirds Squadron, a flying team that performs aerial demonstrations across the United States as well as internationally.

The team's upcoming performance at the March Air Force Reserve Base in Riverside County, Ca., on April 7 and April 8, has been cancelled according to the statement.

On Tuesday, a US&nbspMarine Corps helicopter crashed during a training mission in Southern California. All four crew members are believed to have been killed.

Another Marine jet crashed in Djibouti on Tuesday. The pilot was in stable condition. 
&nbsp

The jet was part of the Air Force's Thunderbirds Squadron, a flying team that performs aerial demonstrations across the United States as well as internationally.

A US Air Force pilot with the traveling Thunderbirds exhibition squad was killed early Wednesday when his F-16 jet crashed at Nellis Air Force base in Nevada, the third crash involving a military aircraft in the past two days. "It's been a rough day," an Air Force spokesman said. The pilot was on a training mission flying an F-16 Fighting Falcon over the Nevada Test and Training Range near Las Vegas when it crashed about 10:30 am&nbsplocal time, the spokesman said. The name of the pilot is being withheld pending notification of the family, the Air Force said in a statement early Thursday, adding that an investigation into the cause of the crash has begun. The jet was part of the Air Force's Thunderbirds Squadron, a flying team that performs aerial demonstrations across the United States as well as internationally. The team's upcoming performance at the March Air Force Reserve Base in Riverside County, Ca., on April 7 and April 8, has been cancelled according to the statement. On Tuesday, a US&nbspMarine Corps helicopter crashed during a training mission in Southern California. All four crew members are believed to have been killed. Another Marine jet crashed in Djibouti on Tuesday. The pilot was in stable condition.

US F-16 jet crashes in Nevada, pilot killed

A US Navy jet&nbsp;F/A-18 crashed off&nbsp;the coast of Key West in Florida on Wednesday.

&nbsp;The US&nbsp;Navy said two aviators were killed in the crash.

Local media had reported earlier that the two crew aboard the jet had &quot;ejected alive&quot;&nbsp;and were taken to a nearby hospital.

Local media reported that the two crew aboard the jet ejected alive and were taken to a nearby hospital.

A US Navy jet F/A-18 crashed off the coast of Key West in Florida on Wednesday. The US Navy said two aviators were killed in the crash. Local media had reported earlier that the two crew aboard the jet had "ejected alive" and were taken to a nearby hospital.

Watch: US Navy jet crashes off Florida coast, 2 aviators killed

More than a dozen people were missing after a Senegalese military helicopter crashed late Wednesday in the south of the country, an army spokesman said.

Seven of the 20 people on board have so far been found, all injured, after the aircraft went down in a mangrove forest in the coastal area of Missirah, he said.

The people on the flight included four crew members, according to army spokesman Colonel Abdou Ndiaye.

&quot;Boatmen in the area rescued seven passengers,&quot; he said, adding that 13 people were missing and a search effort was being organised.

Seven of the 20 people on board have so far been found, all injured

More than a dozen people were missing after a Senegalese military helicopter crashed late Wednesday in the south of the country, an army spokesman said. Seven of the 20 people on board have so far been found, all injured, after the aircraft went down in a mangrove forest in the coastal area of Missirah, he said. The people on the flight included four crew members, according to army spokesman Colonel Abdou Ndiaye. "Boatmen in the area rescued seven passengers," he said, adding that 13 people were missing and a search effort was being organised.

Military helicopter crashes in Senegal, several missing

A midair collision was averted on February 7 between Vistara flight and Air India in Mumbai airspace.

The VIstara flight A320 Neo was flying to Delhi from Pune with 152 passengers at 27,000 of feet at the same Air India&#39;s Airbus A-319 was also flying in the opposite direction from Mumbai to Bhopal. The Vistara pilots were assigned to fly at 29,000 of altitude however, it was flying at the 27,000 of height same as the height of Air India&#39;s Airbus.

The collision was averted by a couple of seconds after Traffic collision avoidance system alarms went off in the cockpits of both planes.

Directorate General of Civil aviation has grounded two Vistara pilots following the incident.

Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau is also probing the matter.

According to reports, this near miss is the most serious airport accident of recent times.

This was the second such case in Maharashtra airspace; In January a collision was averted between IndiGo A-320 flying from Hyderabad to Raipur and the Emirates Boeing 777 was flying towards Dubai from Singapore.

Directorate General of Civil aviation has grounded two Vistara pilots following the incident

A midair collision was averted on February 7 between Vistara flight and Air India in Mumbai airspace. The VIstara flight A320 Neo was flying to Delhi from Pune with 152 passengers at 27,000 of feet at the same Air India's Airbus A-319 was also flying in the opposite direction from Mumbai to Bhopal. The Vistara pilots were assigned to fly at 29,000 of altitude however, it was flying at the 27,000 of height same as the height of Air India's Airbus. The collision was averted by a couple of seconds after Traffic collision avoidance system alarms went off in the cockpits of both planes. Directorate General of Civil aviation has grounded two Vistara pilots following the incident. Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau is also probing the matter. According to reports, this near miss is the most serious airport accident of recent times. This was the second such case in Maharashtra airspace; In January a collision was averted between IndiGo A-320 flying from Hyderabad to Raipur and the Emirates Boeing 777 was flying towards Dubai from Singapore.

Mid-air collision between Air India and Vistara averted by couple of seconds

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