Scientists have come up with a path-breaking ingestible capsule that artificially stimulates a feeling of fullness in the stomach, which could lead individuals to eat less and thereby control and treat obesity.

The ingestible capsule vibrates within the stomach, which causes the stretch receptors to believe that the stomach is full already.

<h2>What happens in the stomach?&nbsp;</h2>

When the stomach undergoes distension, specialised cells known as mechanoreceptors detect the stretching and transmit signals to the brain via the vagus nerve.&nbsp;

Consequently, the brain initiates the production of insulin and various hormones, including C-peptide, Pyy, and GLP-1.&nbsp;

These hormones collaboratively facilitate food digestion, induce a feeling of fullness, and regulate eating cessation.

Simultaneously, the levels of ghrelin, a hormone that promotes hunger, decrease.

Watch:&nbsp;New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report

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“For somebody who wants to lose weight or control their appetite, it could be taken before each meal,” says Shriya Srinivasan PhD ’20, a former MIT graduate student and postdoc who is now an assistant professor of bioengineering at Harvard University.&nbsp;

“This could be really interesting in that it would provide an option that could minimize the side effects that we see with the other pharmacological treatments out there.”

<h2>Research conducted on animals</h2>

In an animal study, the researchers demonstrated that when the vibrating pill is activated, it triggers mechanoreceptors, sending signals to the brain via vagus nerve stimulation.&nbsp;

Hormone levels tracked during vibrating periods mirrored patterns observed after a meal, even in fasting animals.

The researchers further examined the impact of this stimulation on the animals' hunger.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/researchers-found-worlds-smallest-fanged-frog-on-indonesian-island-672585">Also read:&nbsp;Researchers find world`s smallest fanged frog on Indonesian island</a>

Activation of the pill for approximately 20 minutes before offering food resulted in an average 40 per cent reduction in food consumption compared to periods when the pill was inactive.

Additionally, animals treated with the vibrating pill exhibited slower weight gain.

“The behavioural change is profound, and that’s using the endogenous system rather than any exogenous therapeutic. We have the potential to overcome some of the challenges and costs associated with delivery of biologic drugs by modulating the enteric nervous system,” said Giovanni Traverso, an associate professor of mechanical engineering, at MIT.

The researchers now plan to explore ways to scale up the manufacturing of the capsules, which could enable clinical trials in humans.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists have come up with a path-breaking ingestible capsule that artificially stimulates a feeling of fullness in the stomach, which could lead individuals to eat less and thereby control and treat obesity.

Scientists have come up with a path-breaking ingestible capsule that artificially stimulates a feeling of fullness in the stomach, which could lead individuals to eat less and thereby control and treat obesity. The ingestible capsule vibrates within the stomach, which causes the stretch receptors to believe that the stomach is full already. What happens in the stomach? When the stomach undergoes distension, specialised cells known as mechanoreceptors detect the stretching and transmit signals to the brain via the vagus nerve. Consequently, the brain initiates the production of insulin and various hormones, including C-peptide, Pyy, and GLP-1. These hormones collaboratively facilitate food digestion, induce a feeling of fullness, and regulate eating cessation. Simultaneously, the levels of ghrelin, a hormone that promotes hunger, decrease. Watch: New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report × “For somebody who wants to lose weight or control their appetite, it could be taken before each meal,” says Shriya Srinivasan PhD ’20, a former MIT graduate student and postdoc who is now an assistant professor of bioengineering at Harvard University. “This could be really interesting in that it would provide an option that could minimize the side effects that we see with the other pharmacological treatments out there.” Research conducted on animals In an animal study, the researchers demonstrated that when the vibrating pill is activated, it triggers mechanoreceptors, sending signals to the brain via vagus nerve stimulation. Hormone levels tracked during vibrating periods mirrored patterns observed after a meal, even in fasting animals. The researchers further examined the impact of this stimulation on the animals' hunger. Also read: Researchers find world`s smallest fanged frog on Indonesian island Activation of the pill for approximately 20 minutes before offering food resulted in an average 40 per cent reduction in food consumption compared to periods when the pill was inactive. Additionally, animals treated with the vibrating pill exhibited slower weight gain. “The behavioural change is profound, and that’s using the endogenous system rather than any exogenous therapeutic. We have the potential to overcome some of the challenges and costs associated with delivery of biologic drugs by modulating the enteric nervous system,” said Giovanni Traverso, an associate professor of mechanical engineering, at MIT. The researchers now plan to explore ways to scale up the manufacturing of the capsules, which could enable clinical trials in humans. (With inputs from agencies)

Weight loss with ‘vibrating’ capsule: Scientists develop new way to treat obesity

Consuming a Western diet for even one week can subtly impair brain function and encourage slim and otherwise healthy young people to overeat, according to a new study.

As per the research, after seven days on high fat, high added sugar diet, volunteers in their 20s scored worse on memory tests and found junk food more desirable immediately after they had finished a meal.

The findings of the study suggest that a western diet makes it harder for people to regulate their appetite, and points to disruption in a brain region called the hippocampus as the possible cause.

“After a week on a western-style diet, palatable food such as snacks and chocolate becomes more desirable when you are full,” said co-author Richard Stevenson who is&nbsp;a professor of psychology at Macquarie University in Sydney.

“This will make it harder to resist, leading you to eat more, which in turn generates more damage to the hippocampus and a vicious cycle of <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/malaysias-mahathir-pledges-to-step-down-for-anwar-but-not-before-november-267441">overeating</a>,” he added.

To investigate how the western diet affects humans, the scientists recruited 110 lean and healthy students, aged 20 to 23, who generally had&nbsp;a good diet.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/james-corden-calls-out-bill-maher-for-his-remark-over-fat-shaming-249646">James Corden calls out Bill Maher for his remark over fat-shaming</a>

The group was divided into two parts. One which ate their normal diet for a week. The other half was&nbsp;put on a high energy western-style diet, which featured a generous intake of Belgian waffles and fast food.

Previous studies have also hinted that&nbsp;junk food impairs the hippocampus, a brain region involved in memory and appetite control.&nbsp;

In the longer term, eating a western-style diet contributes to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/to-defeat-obesity-hunger-climate-change-govts-must-curb-influence-of-big-corporations-lancet-193275">obesity&nbsp;</a>and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/regular-use-of-mouthwash-may-increase-risk-of-diabetes-harvard-study-24947">diabetes</a>, both of which have been linked to declines in brain performance and the risk of developing dementia.

“The new thinking here is the realisation that a western-style diet may be generating initial and fairly subtle cognitive impairments, that undermine the control of appetite which gradually opens the way for all of these other effects down the track,” Stevenson said.

Understanding the impact of a western diet on brain function is necessary due&nbsp;the current food climate.

Consuming a Western diet for even one week can subtly impair brain function and encourage slim and otherwise healthy young people to overeat, according to a new study.

Consuming a Western diet for even one week can subtly impair brain function and encourage slim and otherwise healthy young people to overeat, according to a new study. As per the research, after seven days on high fat, high added sugar diet, volunteers in their 20s scored worse on memory tests and found junk food more desirable immediately after they had finished a meal. The findings of the study suggest that a western diet makes it harder for people to regulate their appetite, and points to disruption in a brain region called the hippocampus as the possible cause. “After a week on a western-style diet, palatable food such as snacks and chocolate becomes more desirable when you are full,” said co-author Richard Stevenson who is a professor of psychology at Macquarie University in Sydney. “This will make it harder to resist, leading you to eat more, which in turn generates more damage to the hippocampus and a vicious cycle of overeating,” he added. To investigate how the western diet affects humans, the scientists recruited 110 lean and healthy students, aged 20 to 23, who generally had a good diet. Also read: James Corden calls out Bill Maher for his remark over fat-shaming The group was divided into two parts. One which ate their normal diet for a week. The other half was put on a high energy western-style diet, which featured a generous intake of Belgian waffles and fast food. Previous studies have also hinted that junk food impairs the hippocampus, a brain region involved in memory and appetite control. In the longer term, eating a western-style diet contributes to obesity and diabetes, both of which have been linked to declines in brain performance and the risk of developing dementia. “The new thinking here is the realisation that a western-style diet may be generating initial and fairly subtle cognitive impairments, that undermine the control of appetite which gradually opens the way for all of these other effects down the track,” Stevenson said. Understanding the impact of a western diet on brain function is necessary due the current food climate.

Western-style diet can impair brain function: Study

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