<p>In a spectacular cosmic event, Earth is about to get a "second moon" this fall. An asteroid passing through the Earth will be pulled by its gravitational force. This “second moon” will temporarily enter our planet’s orbit on September 29 and remain there for nearly two months.</p>

<h2>What is the second moon?</h2>

<p>First spotted by NASA’s Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) on August 7, asteroid 2024 PT5 hails from the Arjuna asteroid belt, a group of asteroids in our solar system. These asteroids sometimes get as close as 2.8 million miles (4.5 million km) to Earth.</p>

<p>According to scientists involved in the study to determine its trajectory, an asteroid moving at a slower speed of about 2,200 mph (3,540 km/h) can be pulled by Earth’s gravitational field and trapped in an orbit temporarily, similar to 2024 PT5. The study was published in Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ceres-largest-object-in-asteroid-belt-shows-signs-of-life-near-ertunet-crater-762152">Ceres, largest object in asteroid belt, shows signs of habitability near Ertunet Crater</a></strong></p>

<p>The asteroid will enter the orbit on September 29 and is expected to leave on November 25, astronomer Dr Jennifer Millard told BBC.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"It's not going to complete a full revolution of our planet, it's just going to kind of have its orbit altered, just twisted slightly by our own planet and then it'll continue on its merry way," she said.</p>

<h2>How to watch the second moon?</h2>

<p>The asteroid is only about 10 metre (32 foot) long and is made of dull rock, making it impossible to view with the naked eye. It will also be difficult to spot with binoculars or home telescope as it is comparatively much smaller than the moon, which has a diameter of about 3,474 km.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/two-rocks-fused-into-one-to-form-peanut-like-asteroid-that-flew-past-earth-762194">Two rocks fused into one to form peanut-like asteroid that flew past Earth</a></strong></p>

<p>"Professional telescopes, they'll be able to pick it up. So you'll be able to look out for lots of wonderful pictures online of this little dot kind of moving past the stars at great speed," said Dr Millard, who is also the host of the Awesome Astronomy podcast.</p>

<p>The best way to see the “mini-moon” would be to visit a space observatory that has public access.</p>

<p>Other asteroids that enter Earth’s orbit have been spotted before, while many others are likely to have gone unnoticed. The asteroid is likely to return to Earth’s orbit again in 2055.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


In a spectacular cosmic event, Earth is about to get a "second moon" this fall. An asteroid passing through the Earth will be pulled by its gravitational force. This “second moon” will temporarily enter our planet’s orbit on September 29 and remain there for nearly two months.

In a spectacular cosmic event, Earth is about to get a "second moon" this fall. An asteroid passing through the Earth will be pulled by its gravitational force. This “second moon” will temporarily enter our planet’s orbit on September 29 and remain there for nearly two months. What is the second moon? First spotted by NASA’s Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) on August 7, asteroid 2024 PT5 hails from the Arjuna asteroid belt, a group of asteroids in our solar system. These asteroids sometimes get as close as 2.8 million miles (4.5 million km) to Earth. According to scientists involved in the study to determine its trajectory, an asteroid moving at a slower speed of about 2,200 mph (3,540 km/h) can be pulled by Earth’s gravitational field and trapped in an orbit temporarily, similar to 2024 PT5. The study was published in Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. Also read | Ceres, largest object in asteroid belt, shows signs of habitability near Ertunet Crater The asteroid will enter the orbit on September 29 and is expected to leave on November 25, astronomer Dr Jennifer Millard told BBC. "It's not going to complete a full revolution of our planet, it's just going to kind of have its orbit altered, just twisted slightly by our own planet and then it'll continue on its merry way," she said. How to watch the second moon? The asteroid is only about 10 metre (32 foot) long and is made of dull rock, making it impossible to view with the naked eye. It will also be difficult to spot with binoculars or home telescope as it is comparatively much smaller than the moon, which has a diameter of about 3,474 km. Also read | Two rocks fused into one to form peanut-like asteroid that flew past Earth "Professional telescopes, they'll be able to pick it up. So you'll be able to look out for lots of wonderful pictures online of this little dot kind of moving past the stars at great speed," said Dr Millard, who is also the host of the Awesome Astronomy podcast. The best way to see the “mini-moon” would be to visit a space observatory that has public access. Other asteroids that enter Earth’s orbit have been spotted before, while many others are likely to have gone unnoticed. The asteroid is likely to return to Earth’s orbit again in 2055. (With inputs from agencies)

Earth to get a ‘second moon’ on Sep 29. Here is how to watch it

<p>Passengers&nbsp;who bought tickets for a special Delta flight, worth $1,150 to catch the sight of the eclipse from the sky were left disappointed.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The flight trip which took off from Austin to Dallas and Detroit had claimed that it would fly along the "path of totality" and capture a very rare view of the eclipse.</p>

<p>However, reports suggest that most of the passengers didn't even get a basic view of the eclipse from the flight as&nbsp;compared to those on the ground.</p>

<p>"I really don't think anybody on the plane actually caught the eclipse in full totality," said James Larounis, a travel industry expert on the Detroit flight, while speaking to the Business Insider.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/indias-sun-study-craft-aditya-l1-can-create-a-247-total-solar-eclipse-708941">India's Sun-study craft Aditya-L1 can 'create a 24/7 Total Solar Eclipse'</a></p>

<p>"There were a lot of folks crouching on the ground, looking out the window, climbing over the seats to try to get the best possible view," he added.</p>

<p>However, he said that "everyone was good sports about it", adding that he would do it again.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Passengers make desperate attempts to see eclipse, lie along seats</strong></h2>

<p>Some passengers said that in a desperate attempt to catch a glimpse of the eclipse, they were lying along the seats.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Speaking to the Washington Post, passenger Melanie Elliott said, "It was a little disappointing." Elliott said that she would not repeat the experience. However, a lot of customers expressed satisfaction with the flights.</p>

<p>Speaking to the outlet, attorney Scott Kees said, "Even though we didn't get it completely, it was a fun community experience."</p>

<p>Kees had gone to Atlanta with his eight-year-old daughter Gabrielle, however, he said that they only caught a 'sliver' of the action.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;Total Solar Eclipse 2024: Millions watch eclipse sweep across North America</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/total-solar-eclipse-2024-millions-watch-eclipse-sweep-across-north-america-709318/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>Before boarding the airline, the passengers were greeted with special announcements and blasting music from the DJs by Delta Airlines.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The passengers were then offered eclipse-themed goodies which included special edition Sun Chips, a Moon Pie, protective glasses, a hat emblazoned with 'climbing the cosmos' and Delta branded socks.</p>

<p>The windows were also cleaned by the staff to ensure that the best pictures were clicked by the people.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, after the flight reached 33,000 feet, it was difficult to capture the full eclipse, even though the pilots tried hard to give everyone a chance to see the astronomical phenomena.</p>

<p>On April 8, the one-way trips departed with Delta warning that they were "subject to change due to factors outside Delta's control such as weather and air traffic control".</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Passengers who bought tickets for a special Delta flight, worth $1,150 to catch the sight of the eclipse from the sky were left disappointed. The flight trip which took off from Austin to Dallas and Detroit had claimed that it would fly along the "path of totality" and capture a very rare view of the eclipse.

Passengers who bought tickets for a special Delta flight, worth $1,150 to catch the sight of the eclipse from the sky were left disappointed. The flight trip which took off from Austin to Dallas and Detroit had claimed that it would fly along the "path of totality" and capture a very rare view of the eclipse. However, reports suggest that most of the passengers didn't even get a basic view of the eclipse from the flight as compared to those on the ground. "I really don't think anybody on the plane actually caught the eclipse in full totality," said James Larounis, a travel industry expert on the Detroit flight, while speaking to the Business Insider. Also Read: India's Sun-study craft Aditya-L1 can 'create a 24/7 Total Solar Eclipse' "There were a lot of folks crouching on the ground, looking out the window, climbing over the seats to try to get the best possible view," he added. However, he said that "everyone was good sports about it", adding that he would do it again. Passengers make desperate attempts to see eclipse, lie along seats Some passengers said that in a desperate attempt to catch a glimpse of the eclipse, they were lying along the seats. Speaking to the Washington Post, passenger Melanie Elliott said, "It was a little disappointing." Elliott said that she would not repeat the experience. However, a lot of customers expressed satisfaction with the flights. Speaking to the outlet, attorney Scott Kees said, "Even though we didn't get it completely, it was a fun community experience." Kees had gone to Atlanta with his eight-year-old daughter Gabrielle, however, he said that they only caught a 'sliver' of the action. Watch: Total Solar Eclipse 2024: Millions watch eclipse sweep across North America Before boarding the airline, the passengers were greeted with special announcements and blasting music from the DJs by Delta Airlines. The passengers were then offered eclipse-themed goodies which included special edition Sun Chips, a Moon Pie, protective glasses, a hat emblazoned with 'climbing the cosmos' and Delta branded socks. The windows were also cleaned by the staff to ensure that the best pictures were clicked by the people. However, after the flight reached 33,000 feet, it was difficult to capture the full eclipse, even though the pilots tried hard to give everyone a chance to see the astronomical phenomena. On April 8, the one-way trips departed with Delta warning that they were "subject to change due to factors outside Delta's control such as weather and air traffic control". (With inputs from agencies)

'Eclipse flight' turns into a flop show! Passengers paid over $1,000 for no sight of cosmic event

<p>Scientists have been pretty sure that our universe is expanding at a rapid rate, but no one exactly knew how. Now, a new theory suggests that our universe might be expanding by colliding and eventually absorbing “baby” parallel universes.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This theory was published in a science paper called the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics in December 2023. In the study, scientists proposed the idea that the expansion of the universe may be a result of it constantly merging with other universes.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ice-cores-show-quick-loss-of-antarctic-ice-8000-years-ago-688395">Ice cores show quick loss of Antarctic ice 8,000 years ago</a></p>

<p>"The main finding of our work is that the accelerated expansion of our universe, caused by the mysterious dark energy, might have a simple intuitive explanation, the merging with so-called baby universes, and that a model for this might fit the data better than the standard cosmological model," lead study author Jan Ambjørn, a physicist at the Copenhagen University told LiveScience.</p>

<h2><strong>Study provides mathematical evidence of our expanding universe</strong></h2>

<p>While the concept of many universes interacting with one another isn't new, the study simply uses math to see how this might affect our universe's development. The researchers found mathematically that if our universe merges with others, it could make our universe bigger.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The scientists also computed the rate of expansion of the universe using their theory, and their calculations more closely fit with observations of the universe than the traditional Standard Cosmological Model, the researchers said.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sun-to-flip-its-magnetic-poles-this-year-what-does-it-mean-will-it-be-dangerous-688606">Sun to flip its magnetic poles this year. What does it mean? Will it be dangerous?</a></p>

<p>The Standard Cosmological Model assumes that the universe is filled with an enigmatic substance called dark energy, and this dark energy is driving the expansion of the universe.</p>

<p>Moreover, the authors' theory also talks about the problem of cosmological inflation, which is the mysterious super-rapid expansion that occurred in the early moments of the universe.</p>

<p>In the past, physicists suggested that the universe's expansion was due to "the inflaton," a theoretical field that caused rapid growth just after the Big Bang. However, in the new study, the authors propose that this quick expansion might have happened because our young universe merged with a larger one.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-solve-mystery-behind-earth-being-giant-snowball-700-mn-years-ago-heres-what-they-found-688621">Scientists solve mystery behind Earth being giant snowball 700 mn years ago. Here's what they found...</a></p>

<p>"The fact that the Universe has expanded … in a very short time, invites the suggestion that this expansion was caused by a collision with a larger universe, [that is] it was really our Universe which was absorbed in another 'parent' universe," the researchers wrote in their paper.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Since we have presently no detailed description of the absorption process, it is difficult to judge if such a scenario could take place in a way that would actually solve the problems inflation was designed to solve, but one interesting aspect of such a scenario is that there is no need for an inflaton field."</p>

<p>The scientists suggested that, after being absorbed, our newly enlarged universe then continued to collide with other “baby universes” and incorporate them as well.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Scientists have been pretty sure that our universe is expanding at a rapid rate, but no one exactly knew how. Now, a new theory suggests that our universe might be expanding by colliding and eventually absorbing “baby” parallel universes.

Scientists have been pretty sure that our universe is expanding at a rapid rate, but no one exactly knew how. Now, a new theory suggests that our universe might be expanding by colliding and eventually absorbing “baby” parallel universes. This theory was published in a science paper called the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics in December 2023. In the study, scientists proposed the idea that the expansion of the universe may be a result of it constantly merging with other universes. Also Read | Ice cores show quick loss of Antarctic ice 8,000 years ago "The main finding of our work is that the accelerated expansion of our universe, caused by the mysterious dark energy, might have a simple intuitive explanation, the merging with so-called baby universes, and that a model for this might fit the data better than the standard cosmological model," lead study author Jan Ambjørn, a physicist at the Copenhagen University told LiveScience. Study provides mathematical evidence of our expanding universe While the concept of many universes interacting with one another isn't new, the study simply uses math to see how this might affect our universe's development. The researchers found mathematically that if our universe merges with others, it could make our universe bigger. The scientists also computed the rate of expansion of the universe using their theory, and their calculations more closely fit with observations of the universe than the traditional Standard Cosmological Model, the researchers said. Also Read | Sun to flip its magnetic poles this year. What does it mean? Will it be dangerous? The Standard Cosmological Model assumes that the universe is filled with an enigmatic substance called dark energy, and this dark energy is driving the expansion of the universe. Moreover, the authors' theory also talks about the problem of cosmological inflation, which is the mysterious super-rapid expansion that occurred in the early moments of the universe. In the past, physicists suggested that the universe's expansion was due to "the inflaton," a theoretical field that caused rapid growth just after the Big Bang. However, in the new study, the authors propose that this quick expansion might have happened because our young universe merged with a larger one. Also Read | Scientists solve mystery behind Earth being giant snowball 700 mn years ago. Here's what they found... "The fact that the Universe has expanded … in a very short time, invites the suggestion that this expansion was caused by a collision with a larger universe, [that is] it was really our Universe which was absorbed in another 'parent' universe," the researchers wrote in their paper. "Since we have presently no detailed description of the absorption process, it is difficult to judge if such a scenario could take place in a way that would actually solve the problems inflation was designed to solve, but one interesting aspect of such a scenario is that there is no need for an inflaton field." The scientists suggested that, after being absorbed, our newly enlarged universe then continued to collide with other “baby universes” and incorporate them as well. (With inputs from agencies)

Our universe is expanding at rapid rate by absorbing other 'baby universes', new study suggests

<p>Researchers in Italy have recently found detailed maps of the night sky dating back to more than 2,400 years ago.&nbsp;<br />
<br />
According to a study published in the journal Astronomical Notes on November 22, researchers excavated a map carved into a circular white stone at an ancient fort in northeastern Italy.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The map is about the size of a car tire and consists of 29 engravings. According to statistical analysis, human certainly created their engravings. Italy's National Institute of Astrophysics said in a news release that all but one of the sculptures matches the stars in the night sky.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-year-of-moon-missions-in-2023-many-aimed-for-the-moon-but-only-a-few-achieved-it-674268">Lunar missions of 2023: Several nations aimed for the Moon, including India's Chandrayaan</a></p>

<p>The researchers said the map was "very complete, with all bright stars represented," including the constellations Orion, Scorpius and the Pleiades.</p>

<p>However, one engraving did not match an existing star and was extremely difficult to explain. "One interesting possibility is that there was a bright star at the location that produced the supernova or that the supernova likely failed and left behind a black hole as a remnant," the researchers said.</p>

<p>People might have used the map to track seasonal changes before beginning agricultural activities. The study says the map dates from 1800 BC to 400 BC. It is one of the earliest depictions of the night sky ever found.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-find-new-method-which-can-destroy-99-of-cancer-cells-eliminate-need-for-invasive-surgeries-674342">Scientists find new method which can destroy 99% of cancer cells, eliminate need for invasive surgeries</a></p>

<p>However, the study also noted that one does not need advanced knowledge of space to create such maps. "A measurement unit of angular distance, such as the width of a finger or a simple ruler, and basic counting skills are sufficient," the researchers said.</p>

<p>About 2,200 years ago, Greek astronomer Hipparchus established a way to understand the motion of stars. He is famous for creating the first known star catalogue. Scientists still use his technique to map objects in the sky. He imagined Earth at the centre of a celestial sphere, and he used a coordinate system similar to latitude and longitude to measure the precise position of the stars.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-juno-spacecraft-to-make-closest-flyby-of-jupiters-volcanic-moon-674309">NASA’s Juno spacecraft to make closest flyby of Jupiter’s volcanic moon</a></p>

<p>However, historians don't accurately know how Hipparchus measured the stars. According to National Geographic, they assume he may have used an armillary sphere, a mechanical device with rotating rings depicting the various parts of the celestial sphere.</p>

<p>The oldest evidence for stellar coordinates from Hipparchus was found in an 8th-century AD Latin translation of a poem about the constellations. These coordinates were included as a kind of annotation in the poem.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Researchers in Italy have recently found detailed maps of the night sky dating back to more than 2,400 years ago. According to a study published in the journal Astronomical Notes on November 22, researchers excavated a map carved into a circular white stone at an ancient fort in northeastern Italy.

Researchers in Italy have recently found detailed maps of the night sky dating back to more than 2,400 years ago. According to a study published in the journal Astronomical Notes on November 22, researchers excavated a map carved into a circular white stone at an ancient fort in northeastern Italy. The map is about the size of a car tire and consists of 29 engravings. According to statistical analysis, human certainly created their engravings. Italy's National Institute of Astrophysics said in a news release that all but one of the sculptures matches the stars in the night sky. Also Read | Lunar missions of 2023: Several nations aimed for the Moon, including India's Chandrayaan The researchers said the map was "very complete, with all bright stars represented," including the constellations Orion, Scorpius and the Pleiades. However, one engraving did not match an existing star and was extremely difficult to explain. "One interesting possibility is that there was a bright star at the location that produced the supernova or that the supernova likely failed and left behind a black hole as a remnant," the researchers said. People might have used the map to track seasonal changes before beginning agricultural activities. The study says the map dates from 1800 BC to 400 BC. It is one of the earliest depictions of the night sky ever found. Also Read | Scientists find new method which can destroy 99% of cancer cells, eliminate need for invasive surgeries However, the study also noted that one does not need advanced knowledge of space to create such maps. "A measurement unit of angular distance, such as the width of a finger or a simple ruler, and basic counting skills are sufficient," the researchers said. About 2,200 years ago, Greek astronomer Hipparchus established a way to understand the motion of stars. He is famous for creating the first known star catalogue. Scientists still use his technique to map objects in the sky. He imagined Earth at the centre of a celestial sphere, and he used a coordinate system similar to latitude and longitude to measure the precise position of the stars. Also Read | NASA’s Juno spacecraft to make closest flyby of Jupiter’s volcanic moon However, historians don't accurately know how Hipparchus measured the stars. According to National Geographic, they assume he may have used an armillary sphere, a mechanical device with rotating rings depicting the various parts of the celestial sphere. The oldest evidence for stellar coordinates from Hipparchus was found in an 8th-century AD Latin translation of a poem about the constellations. These coordinates were included as a kind of annotation in the poem. (With inputs from agencies)

Researchers discover 2,400-year-old celestial map which shows a star that is now dead

<p>Over the weekend, the United States space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released an image of the Crab Nebula which it said was one of the well-known as well as mysterious astronomical objects in our night sky.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The bright cosmic object is 6,500 light-years away, in the Taurus constellation, the image of which was captured by using NASA’s Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), which launched on December 9, 2021.</p>

<p><strong>What makes this image historic?</strong></p>

<p>There is a long history behind the recently released image as the sensors which had been directed at the Crab Nebula were first launched in a sounding rocket back in 1971. However, scientists back then would first receive scientific data on a strip chart recorder, a device that printed signals on paper. For this project, astronomer Martin Weisskopf and his colleagues began their analysis on launch day by measuring the distance between signals using a ruler and pencil. &nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

<p>It was not until a few decades later that the astronomer proposed developing a satellite with “powerful instruments” which would help them gather more detailed measurements of the Crab Nebula and other mysterious cosmic objects. This led to the creation of IXPE and now over five decades later scientists have a nuanced map of the Crab Nebula’s magnetic field.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“What makes science so beautiful and exciting is that for those few moments, you’re seeing something that no one has ever seen before,” said Weisskopf, in a statement, who is now an emeritus astronomer at NASA. The Crab Nebula is also the result of a supernova documented in the year 1054, said the space agency.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The explosion left behind a dense object called the Crab Pulsar, about the diameter of the length of Manhattan with the mass of about two Suns. “The chaotic mess of gases, shock waves, magnetic fields and high-energy light and particles coming from the rotating pulsar is collectively called a ‘pulsar wind nebula,’” NASA explained.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

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<p>However, the extreme conditions which resulted in this “bizarre environment” have not been thoroughly understood. Even after so many years, “every recent large telescope has pointed to the Crab Nebula to better understand this mysterious supernova remnant,” said NASA, in a statement.</p>

<p>“The Crab is one of the most-studied high-energy astrophysical objects in the sky. So it is extremely exciting that we could learn something new about this system by looking through IXPE’s ‘polarized lenses,’” said Michela Negro, a research scientist at NASA and co-author of the study.</p>

<p><strong>What did the scientists find?</strong></p>

<p>While the image of the nebula is a sight to behold it was actually the Crab Nebula’s magnetic field that the scientists wanted to understand more about. According to NASA, the map has revealed “more of its inner workings than ever before.”&nbsp;</p>

<p>The researchers observed that the magnetic field of the Crab Nebula resembles that of the Vela Pulsar Wind Nebula, which is also doughnut-shaped, however, they were surprised by how parts of the magnetic field turbulence “more patchy and asymmetrical than expected.”&nbsp;</p>

<p>It was the previously mentioned “bizarre environment” that Weisskopf and colleagues were hoping to understand by measuring the polarisation of X-rays from the Crab Nebula. This is because the polarisation of X-ray gives scientists clues to the direction where the magnetic field points in different parts of a cosmic object, as well as how well-ordered the magnetic field is. &nbsp;</p>

<p>“The magnetic field’s geometry and turbulence determines how particles get catapulted toward the speed of light,” said NASA. Scientists found that the areas of polarisation in the outer regions of the nebula are light-years away from the pulsar, where polarisation is lower.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This has enabled them not only to investigate the X-rays from the Crab Nebula but also those coming from the pulsar itself. “The findings suggest that those X-rays originate in the outer magnetic field region, called the ‘wind’ region, although exactly where and how is still unknown,” said NASA.&nbsp;<br />
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Over the weekend, the United States space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released an image of the Crab Nebula which it said was one of the well-known as well as mysterious astronomical objects in our night sky.

Over the weekend, the United States space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released an image of the Crab Nebula which it said was one of the well-known as well as mysterious astronomical objects in our night sky. The bright cosmic object is 6,500 light-years away, in the Taurus constellation, the image of which was captured by using NASA’s Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), which launched on December 9, 2021. What makes this image historic? There is a long history behind the recently released image as the sensors which had been directed at the Crab Nebula were first launched in a sounding rocket back in 1971. However, scientists back then would first receive scientific data on a strip chart recorder, a device that printed signals on paper. For this project, astronomer Martin Weisskopf and his colleagues began their analysis on launch day by measuring the distance between signals using a ruler and pencil. It was not until a few decades later that the astronomer proposed developing a satellite with “powerful instruments” which would help them gather more detailed measurements of the Crab Nebula and other mysterious cosmic objects. This led to the creation of IXPE and now over five decades later scientists have a nuanced map of the Crab Nebula’s magnetic field. “What makes science so beautiful and exciting is that for those few moments, you’re seeing something that no one has ever seen before,” said Weisskopf, in a statement, who is now an emeritus astronomer at NASA. The Crab Nebula is also the result of a supernova documented in the year 1054, said the space agency. The explosion left behind a dense object called the Crab Pulsar, about the diameter of the length of Manhattan with the mass of about two Suns. “The chaotic mess of gases, shock waves, magnetic fields and high-energy light and particles coming from the rotating pulsar is collectively called a ‘pulsar wind nebula,’” NASA explained. View this post on Instagram A post shared by NASA (@nasa) × However, the extreme conditions which resulted in this “bizarre environment” have not been thoroughly understood. Even after so many years, “every recent large telescope has pointed to the Crab Nebula to better understand this mysterious supernova remnant,” said NASA, in a statement. “The Crab is one of the most-studied high-energy astrophysical objects in the sky. So it is extremely exciting that we could learn something new about this system by looking through IXPE’s ‘polarized lenses,’” said Michela Negro, a research scientist at NASA and co-author of the study. What did the scientists find? While the image of the nebula is a sight to behold it was actually the Crab Nebula’s magnetic field that the scientists wanted to understand more about. According to NASA, the map has revealed “more of its inner workings than ever before.” The researchers observed that the magnetic field of the Crab Nebula resembles that of the Vela Pulsar Wind Nebula, which is also doughnut-shaped, however, they were surprised by how parts of the magnetic field turbulence “more patchy and asymmetrical than expected.” It was the previously mentioned “bizarre environment” that Weisskopf and colleagues were hoping to understand by measuring the polarisation of X-rays from the Crab Nebula. This is because the polarisation of X-ray gives scientists clues to the direction where the magnetic field points in different parts of a cosmic object, as well as how well-ordered the magnetic field is. “The magnetic field’s geometry and turbulence determines how particles get catapulted toward the speed of light,” said NASA. Scientists found that the areas of polarisation in the outer regions of the nebula are light-years away from the pulsar, where polarisation is lower. This has enabled them not only to investigate the X-rays from the Crab Nebula but also those coming from the pulsar itself. “The findings suggest that those X-rays originate in the outer magnetic field region, called the ‘wind’ region, although exactly where and how is still unknown,” said NASA. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Historic! NASA’s IXPE captures image of Crab Nebula, the ‘mysterious supernova remnant’

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