Explained | What's leading to heart attack deaths during Navratri at garba events and how to avoid it?

Gujarat's vibrant Navratri celebrations recently took a tragic turn as the joyous rhythms of Garba were marred by a series of unexpected heart attack deaths. At least 10 people lost their lives within a span of 24 hours, which included both teenagers and middle-aged adults. The youngest victim wasa 13-year-old boy from Dabhoi, Baroda.

During this time, an overwhelming surge in heart-related emergencies was reported. Over the first six days of Navratri, the 108 emergency ambulance services responded to 521 calls related to heart issues, in addition to 609 calls for breathlessness, according to India Today.

WION spoke to a medical professional to shed light on the potential cardiovascular risks at high-energy, celebratory events.

The traditional Garba dance, characterised by vigorous movements and spirited twirls to music, has long been cherished for its infectious energy. However, this very dynamism places significant stress on the heart.

DrTalha Meeran (Consultant Cardiologist in the Department of Advanced Cardiac Sciences and Heart Transplant at Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre) said thatstrenuous exertion can raise the immediate risk of sudden cardiac arrest and heart attack. It's not just confined to garba but pertains to any strenuous exertion of this nature.

The expert shared that for some people,engaging in garba may introduce a higher level of physical exertion, making them unaccustomed to the sudden increase in heart rate, consequently elevating the oxygen consumption in their heart muscles. Meanwhile, for the younger generation, cardiac arrests can primarily be related to genetic factors.

DrTalha added, "Heart attacks, scientifically termed myocardial infarctions, typically affect middle-aged or older individuals due to blocked blood flow to the heart, however, teenagers may experience cardiac arrest, where the heart suddenly stops beating, due to genetic predispositions."

To mitigate the risk of heart attacks during high-energy events like garba, consider the following precautions:

Understand Your Limits: Recognise your physical capabilities and gradually increase your activity level if you're not accustomed to high-intensity exercise.

Stay Hydrated: Consume an ample amount of water, especially in hot and humid conditions, and avoid excessive caffeine and alcohol intake, which can lead to dehydration.

Warm-Up and Cool-Down: Prepare your body with warm-up exercises and conclude with a cool-down routine to gradually lower your heart rate.

Listen to Your Body:Be attentive to your body's signals during physical activity. If you experience chest pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, or unusual fatigue, take a break and seek medical help if necessary.

Avoid Overeating:Opt for lighter, balanced meals before vigorous activities to prevent additional strain on your heart.

Know Your Health Status:Consult your healthcare provider if you have pre-existing heart conditions, and follow their recommendations for safe levels of exertion.

Medication and Monitoring:If you're on medication for heart conditions, adhere to your prescribed regimen. Regularly monitor your blood pressure and heart rate to gauge your body's response to physical activity.

Be Prepared for Emergencies:Familiarise yourself with the location of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and individuals trained in CPR to ensure a swift response in emergencies.

Stay Informed:Understand the potential risks associated with the specific activity you plan to partake in, including its duration and intensity.

Employ the Buddy System:Whenever possible, attend high-energy events with a friend or family member who is aware of your health conditions and can assist in emergencies.

What to do if you or someone you know is experiencing aheart attack?

Call 911 or Your Local Emergency Services: Do not underestimate the symptoms of a heart attack. If you suspect a heart attack, immediately call 911 or your local emergency number. If it's impossible to get an ambulance or emergency vehicle promptly, ask a neighbour or friend to drive you to the nearest hospital. Only drive yourself as a last resort, as it can endanger you and others, considering the potential for your condition to worsen.

Chew and Swallow an Aspirin:While awaiting emergency assistance, chew and swallow an aspirin. Aspirin helps prevent blood clotting, and when taken during a heart attack, it may reduce heart damage. Do not take aspirin if you are allergic to it or if your healthcare provider has advised against its use.

Take Nitroglycerin, If Prescribed:If you believe you are experiencing a heart attack and your healthcare provider has previously prescribed nitroglycerin, follow their instructions for taking it while waiting for emergency medical assistance.

Initiate CPR if the Person is Unconscious:If the individual is unconscious and not breathing or if you cannot find a pulse, start CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) to maintain blood circulation after calling for emergency medical help. Compress the centre of the person's chest with a firm and rapid rhythm, aiming for about 100 to 120 compressions per minute.

Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) if Available:If an automated external defibrillator (AED) is readily accessible and the person is unconscious, follow the device's instructions for proper usage.

Remember, swift action is essential during a heart attack to maximise the chances of survival and minimise potential damage to the heart. Always seek immediate medical attention and follow the guidance of healthcare professionals and emergency responders.

Disclaimer: Please note that the information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The content provided on this website should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problem or disease. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, please contact your healthcare provider immediately. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on a website.

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